CN113180065B - Application of tartary buckwheat sprout extract - Google Patents
Application of tartary buckwheat sprout extract Download PDFInfo
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- CN113180065B CN113180065B CN202110584831.8A CN202110584831A CN113180065B CN 113180065 B CN113180065 B CN 113180065B CN 202110584831 A CN202110584831 A CN 202110584831A CN 113180065 B CN113180065 B CN 113180065B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/30—Polygonaceae [Buckwheat family], e.g. red-knees or rhubarb
Abstract
The invention discloses an application of a tartary buckwheat sprout extract. The invention uses the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract for preventing and controlling the anthracnose of tea trees. The tartary buckwheat sprout extract is used for preventing and treating the anthracnose of the tea trees, so that the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be effectively reduced, and the incidence rate can be reduced by about 70%; the preparation method of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is simple, and the obtained tartary buckwheat sprout extract also has the advantage of good antibacterial effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tea tree disease prevention and treatment, in particular to application of a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract.
Background
Anthracnose of tea trees occurs in each tea-producing area in China, leaves are mainly generated in the current year, the division of disease-healthy tissues is obvious, and the size of disease spots is usually bounded by the middle pulse. The pathogen is tea disc long spore, and belongs to fungi of deuteromycotina. Besides the damage to tea trees, the tea trees also damage oil tea, camellia, tea plum and the like.
The symptoms of anthracnose of tea trees are: leaves are mainly damaged in the current year, and the old leaves and young leaves have less disease. Firstly, water stain-shaped light green to dark green disease spots are generated on the blade tip or the edge of the blade, the rear edge of the blade is expanded into semitransparent tawny irregular disease spots, the wettability of the edge is gradually expanded, the brown color is changed into grey cyan color in the later period, the boundary of disease-strengthening tissues is obvious, and the size of the disease spots is usually limited by the middle vein. Black small-grained spots, namely, sporocarp conidium discs of pathogenic bacteria, are grown in the diseased part. Spots are present on the old leaves in early spring, and are mostly spots in late winter.
The etiology of anthracnose of tea trees is as follows: gloeosporium theophylloides Miyake refers to Pestalotiopsis cinerea, and belongs to fungi of Deuteromycotina. The bottom of the conidiophore disk is flat and slightly thin, forms a stroma, is embedded under the epidermis and is exposed. Conidiophores are round, black, 80-150 um in size, conidiophores are filamentous, single cells are colorless, 10-20 multiplied by 1.5-2 (um) in size, and 1 acrosporophores are born. Conidiomonas, with two sharp ends, spindle shape, size of 3-6 × 2.5(um), and two ends each having 1 oil ball. The growth of the germs is suitable for 25-27 ℃, and the optimum pH5.3 is selected.
At present, a plurality of effective control methods for anthracnose of tea trees are provided. The common method is as follows: 1500 times of 50% benomyl wettable powder or 600 times of 36% thiophanate-methyl suspending agent, 600 times of 25% carbendazim wettable powder, 800 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder and 600 times of 40% chlorothalonil suspending agent (cis Tianxing No. 1) are sprayed on the tea trees at the first sprout and leaf stage of the young sprout (Beijing Shuyi county pesticide factory). Or spraying 600 times of 12% green emulsified copper emulsifiable solution or 400-500 times of 30% green suspension concentrate, 800 times of 47% Carrinone wettable powder and 0.7% lime half-amount Bordeaux mixture in the non-tea-picking period. However, with the deterioration of the environment and the enhancement of the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, the disease prevention effect of the pesticide is greatly reduced, and the tea anthracnose cannot be fundamentally prevented and controlled. Moreover, the tea grower has insufficient knowledge of the pesticide, and the problems of overstandard of pesticide residue of the tea leaves and the like caused by abuse and misuse of the pesticide exist. However, tea is a direct beverage for people, and the quality safety guarantee is particularly important. Therefore, the exploration of an effective green prevention and control technology is significant for effectively controlling and reducing the occurrence and prevalence of anthracnose of tea and controlling the drug resistance of the anthracnose of tea trees.
Tartary buckwheat is one of the ancient Chinese cultivated crops as an ecological special food. The grains, roots, stems and leaves of the Chinese medicinal composition are rich in bioflavonoids such as rutin, quercetin-3-glucose, vitexin, epicatechin, etc., and have effects in dilating coronary blood vessel, reducing blood vessel fragility, relieving cough, relieving asthma, eliminating phlegm, etc., and preventing and treating diseases. In addition, the tartary buckwheat grains contain rich mineral substances and vitamin C, and have the effects of protecting liver, tonifying kidney, promoting hematopoiesis and increasing immunity. Tests prove that the nutritional value of the germinated tartary buckwheat is greatly improved, particularly the content of flavonoids is obviously improved, but the tartary buckwheat product mainly focuses on the development and utilization of tartary buckwheat grains at the present stage, and the research reports on tartary buckwheat sprouts with higher nutritional value are less. Researches show that the buckwheat flavonoids have the effects of sterilizing and diminishing inflammation, so that the buckwheat flavonoids have potential application effects on fungal diseases of plants, but no research or report that the buckwheat and related extracts thereof are used for preventing and treating anthracnose of tea trees is found at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of a tartary buckwheat sprout extract. The tartary buckwheat sprout extract is used for preventing and treating the anthracnose of the tea trees, so that the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be effectively reduced, and the incidence rate can be reduced by about 70%; the preparation method of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is simple, and the obtained tartary buckwheat sprout extract also has the advantage of good antibacterial effect.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an application of a tartary buckwheat sprout extract is to use the tartary buckwheat sprout extract for preventing and treating anthracnose of tea trees.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the tartary buckwheat sprout extract diluted by 10-200 times with water is uniformly sprayed on tea tree leaves and branches in 5-6 months and 9-10 months to prevent and control anthracnose of tea trees.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the tartary buckwheat sprout extract diluted by 10-200 times with water is diluted by 50 times.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the spraying is carried out in the early morning or evening of a sunny day, and is carried out once every 5-7 days for 4-6 times.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the preparation method of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings; the step of germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings comprises the following steps: selecting seeds, cleaning, soaking the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing, and harvesting;
(2) extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract; the extraction step comprises: weighing germinated tartary buckwheat sprouts, soaking in ethanol, performing reflux extraction, combining filtrates, washing residues with ethanol until the residues are colorless, bringing the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, and dissolving with methanol to obtain the final product.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the step of germinating the tartary buckwheat sprout in the step (1) comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 2-10min by using 1.6-2.4% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 4-8h by using water with the volume 2-5 times of the seeds and at the temperature of 28-32 ℃, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 23-27 ℃, and harvesting after tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the step of germinating the tartary buckwheat sprout in the step (1) comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 5min by using 2% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 6h by using water with the temperature of 30 ℃ which is 2-3 times of the seed volume, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 25 ℃, and harvesting after tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract, in the step (2), the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings which germinate for 5-15 days are weighed, 95% ethanol which is 5-15 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings is added for soaking for 0.5-1.5h, reflux extraction is carried out for 2-5 times, 60-100min is carried out each time, filtrates are combined, residues are washed to be colorless by 95% ethanol and then are brought into the filtrate together, the filtrate is concentrated to be extractum under reduced pressure, and methanol is dissolved, so that the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is obtained.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract, in the step (2), tartary buckwheat bud seedlings germinating for 8-12 days are weighed, 95% ethanol which is 8-12 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings is added for soaking for 0.8-1.2h, reflux extraction is carried out for 2-3 times, 70-90min is carried out each time, filtrates are combined, residues are washed to be colorless by 95% ethanol and then are brought into the filtrate together, reduced pressure concentration is carried out to obtain an extract, and methanol dissolution is carried out to obtain the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract.
In the application of the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract, in the step (2), the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings which germinate for 10 days are weighed, 95% ethanol which is 10 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings is added for soaking for 1 hour, reflux extraction is carried out for 2 times, each time is 80min, filtrates are combined, residues are washed by 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, the filtrate is taken in, the extracts are concentrated under reduced pressure until the extracts are obtained, and methanol is dissolved, so that the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract in preventing and treating the anthracnose of the tea trees can effectively reduce the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea trees by about 70 percent.
2. The invention also provides a preparation method of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the preparation steps only comprise the steps of germinating the tartary buckwheat sprout and extracting the tartary buckwheat sprout extract, the preparation method is simple, the bacteriostatic effect of the prepared tartary buckwheat sprout extract reaches 89.46%, and the bacteriostatic effect is good.
3. In the invention, the diluent of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is sprayed in 5-6 months and 9-10 months, because the months are the period of the tea tree anthracnose frequently, the tea tree anthracnose can be better prevented and controlled by spraying the diluent of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract in the period.
4. In the invention, the bitter buckwheat sprout extract diluted by 10-200 times by water is preferably used for preventing and treating the anthracnose of the tea trees, because the diluted bitter buckwheat sprout extract diluent under the dilution times can obtain better prevention and treatment effect, and when the diluted bitter buckwheat sprout extract diluent is diluted by about 50 times, the prevention and treatment effect is optimal.
5. According to the method, the dilution liquid of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is sprayed in the early morning or evening of a sunny day, the dilution liquid is sprayed every 5-7 days for 4-6 times, and therefore a good effect of preventing and treating anthracnose of tea trees can be achieved.
In summary, the following steps: the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is used for preventing and treating the anthracnose of the tea trees, so that the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be effectively reduced, and the incidence rate can be reduced by about 70%; the preparation method of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is simple, and the obtained tartary buckwheat sprout extract also has the advantage of good antibacterial effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of experiments on the inhibition of anthrax bacteria in tea by various tartary buckwheat extracts;
the notation in fig. 1: a is CK; b is the coarse enzyme liquid of tartary buckwheat for inhibiting tea anthracnose bacteria; c, inhibiting the tea anthrax bacteria by the crude enzyme liquid after pigment removal; d is the original solution of flavone extract for inhibiting tea anthrax.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings;
the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat sprouts comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 2min by using 1.6% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 4h by using water with the temperature of 28 ℃ and the volume of the seeds being 2 times that of the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 23 ℃, and harvesting tartary buckwheat sprouts at regular time after the tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
(2) Extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract;
the method for extracting the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract comprises the following steps: weighing germinated Fagopyrum tataricum sprout for 5 days, soaking in 95% ethanol 5 times the weight of Fagopyrum tataricum sprout for 0.5 hr, reflux extracting for 2 times, each time for 60min, mixing filtrates, washing residue with 95% ethanol until colorless, adding into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain extract, and dissolving with methanol.
The prepared tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is diluted by 130 times with water and then is sprayed on tea plant leaves and branches to prevent and control anthracnose of tea plants, and the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is sprayed for 4 times at the beginning of No. 5 and No. 10 in the current year, and is sprayed once every 7 days. The result shows that the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be reduced by 69% compared with the tea trees which are not applied with the diluted preparation of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract.
Example 2. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings;
the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 10min by using 2.4% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 8h by using water with the temperature of 32 ℃ and the volume of the seeds being 5 times that of the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 27 ℃, and harvesting tartary buckwheat sprouts at regular time after the tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
(2) Extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract;
the method for extracting the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract comprises the following steps: weighing germinated 15d radix Et rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici sprout, soaking in 15 times of 95% ethanol for 1.5h, reflux extracting for 5 times, each time for 100min, mixing filtrates, washing residue with 95% ethanol until colorless, adding into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain extract, and dissolving in methanol.
The prepared tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is diluted by 200 times with water and then sprayed on tea tree leaves and branches to prevent and control anthracnose of tea trees, and the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is sprayed for 4 times at the beginning of No. 1 month in the current year, and is sprayed once every 6 days. The results show that the incidence of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be reduced by 64 percent compared with the tea trees which are not applied with the diluted preparation of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract.
Example 3. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings;
the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat sprouts comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 5min by using 2% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 6h by using water with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the volume of the seeds being 2.5 times of the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 25 ℃, and harvesting after tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
(2) Extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract;
the method for extracting the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract comprises the following steps: weighing sprouted tartary buckwheat sprouts of 8 days, adding 95% ethanol which is 8 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat sprouts, soaking for 0.8h, extracting under reflux for 2 times, each time for 70min, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, putting the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain extract, and dissolving with methanol.
The prepared tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is diluted by 100 times with water and then sprayed on tea tree leaves and branches to prevent and control anthracnose of tea trees, and the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is sprayed for 6 times at the beginning of No. 9 and No. 10 in the year, and is sprayed once every 6 days. The results show that the incidence of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be reduced by 68% compared with the tea trees which are not applied with the diluted preparation of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract.
Example 4. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings;
the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 5min by using 2% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 6h by using water with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the volume of the seeds being 3 times that of the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 25 ℃, and harvesting after tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
(2) Extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract;
the method for extracting the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract comprises the following steps: weighing 12d sprouted tartary buckwheat sprouts, adding 95% ethanol which is 12 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat sprouts to soak for 1.2h, extracting under reflux for 3 times, each time for 90min, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, bringing the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, and dissolving with methanol to obtain the tartary buckwheat germ extract.
The prepared tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is diluted by 10 times with water and then is sprayed on tea plant leaves and branches to prevent and control the anthracnose of the tea plant, the spraying is started at No. 5/20 in the year, and is sprayed once every 6 days for 5 times, and the result shows that the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea plant can be reduced by 74% compared with the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea plant which is not applied with the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract dilution preparation.
Example 5. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings;
the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat sprouts comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 5min by using 2% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 6h by using water with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the volume of the seeds being 2 times of the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 25 ℃, and harvesting tartary buckwheat sprouts after germination.
(2) Extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract;
the steps for extracting the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract are as follows: weighing germinated tartary buckwheat sprouts of 10 days, adding 95% ethanol 10 times of the tartary buckwheat sprouts, soaking for 1h, extracting under reflux for 2 times, each time for 80min, mixing filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until colorless, adding into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain extract, and dissolving with methanol.
The prepared tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is diluted by 40 times with water and sprayed on tea plant leaves and branches to prevent and control anthracnose of tea plants, and the spraying is started at No. 9/20 in the year, and is sprayed once every 6 days for 6 times. The results show that the incidence of the anthracnose of the tea trees can be reduced by 73 percent compared with the tea trees which are not applied with the diluted preparation of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract.
Example 6. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating tartary buckwheat sprouts;
the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 5min by using 2% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 6h by using water with the temperature of 30 ℃ which is 2.5 times of the volume of the seeds, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 25 ℃, and harvesting the tartary buckwheat sprouts after germination.
(2) Extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract;
the method for extracting the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract comprises the following steps: weighing 1g of fresh germinated tartary buckwheat buds of 10 days, adding 10 times of 95% ethanol, soaking for 1h, performing reflux extraction for 2 times, each time for 80min, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, bringing the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, adding methanol for dissolving, and placing in a 50ml volumetric flask to obtain the tartary buckwheat tea.
The prepared tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is diluted by 50 times with water and then sprayed on tea plant leaves and branches to prevent and control the anthracnose of the tea plant, and the tea plant anthracnose is sprayed from 5 months in the year and is sprayed once every 7 days, and the result of 6 times of spraying shows that the incidence rate of the anthracnose of the tea plant can be reduced by 76% compared with the tea plant which is not applied with the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract dilution preparation.
Examples of the experiments. In order to verify the effect of the invention, the inventor carries out a large number of experiments, and partial experiments are recorded as follows:
experiment one, investigation of the bacteriostatic effect of the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract.
1.1 Germination method of Fagopyrum tataricum
Selecting seeds (screening full-grain pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds) → cleaning (soaking with 2% sodium hypochlorite for 5min, and then cleaning with deionized water) → soaking seeds (soaking with 2-3 times of seed volume of 30 ℃ water for 6h) → accelerating germination culture (25 ℃) → timing harvesting
1.2 preparation of crude enzyme solution of Fagopyrum tataricum buds
Fresh germinated Fagopyrum tataricum buds of 10 days are taken, cleaned and decontaminated, 1g is accurately weighed, enzyme extracting solution is added, and the extracting solution is 10mL of precooled phosphate buffer solution c (PBS,50mmol/L, pH7.8) containing 1% of 0.1mmol/L EDTA and 4% of PVP. Adding a small amount of quartz sand, grinding in ice bath, centrifuging at 10000r/min for 30min, collecting supernatant as crude enzyme extractive solution, and refrigerating.
1.3 removing pigment from crude enzyme solution of Fagopyrum tataricum (activated carbon adsorption method)
Weighing 4g of granular activated carbon, placing the granular activated carbon into an erlenmeyer flask, adding 20ml of crude enzyme solution, shaking the erlenmeyer flask in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 55 ℃ for 75min, filtering the granular activated carbon, continuing adding the activated carbon, and repeating for 3 times to obtain decolorized enzyme solution.
1.4 purification of flavone from crude enzyme solution of Fagopyrum tataricum buds (ethanol reflux method)
Weighing 1g of fresh germinated tartary buckwheat buds of 10 days, adding 10 times of 95% ethanol, soaking for 1h, performing reflux extraction for 2 times, each time for 80min, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, bringing the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, adding methanol for dissolving, and quantitatively accommodating in a 50ml measuring flask for later use.
1.5 inhibition of Anthrax fungi hypha growth by Tartary buckwheat sprout extract
Adopting a hypha growth rate method: and (4) measuring the bacteriostatic activity of the extracts with different concentrations. Filtering the crude enzyme solution, decolorized enzyme solution, and purified enzyme solution with 0.22 μm filter membrane under aseptic condition. Adding 3ml of each extract into 50ml sterilized beaker, adding 27ml melted PDA culture medium cooled to about 50 deg.C, shaking thoroughly, pouring into culture dish, and making into flat plate, each plate is 10ml, repeating for 3 times. The concentration at this time was 1/10 of the original concentration. The control was performed by adding phosphate buffer, ethanol, and water in equal amounts. Inoculating 6mm fungus cake with consistent growth vigor, and culturing in 25 deg.C incubator. And measuring the diameter of the colony by a cross method during 120h of culture, and calculating the hypha growth inhibition rate by adopting the hypha growth inhibition rate of 120 h.
1.6 results and analysis of the experiments
According to the step 1.5, the experimental results are shown in figure 1, and the specific results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Item | Diameter (cm) of treated colony | Bacteriostatic rate (%) |
| Crude enzyme solution | 6.61±0.04c | 7.32±0.89c |
| Crude enzyme solution after pigment removal | 7.80±0.08a | -11.05±3.01a |
| Flavone extraction stock solution | 1.28±0.18b | 89.46±2.79b |
Note: the data in the table are mean ± sd. The different letters represent significant differences at P < 0.05 as tested by Duncan's New Complex Difference method.
According to the experimental results, the following components are shown: the crude enzyme solution and the flavone extraction stock solution prepared from the tartary buckwheat seedlings have an inhibiting effect on tea anthracnose, the bacteriostasis rate of the crude enzyme solution is 7.32%, and the bacteriostasis rate of the flavone extraction stock solution reaches 89.46%.
Claims (5)
1. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract is characterized in that: the tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract is used for preventing and controlling anthracnose of tea trees; uniformly spraying tartary buckwheat sprout extract diluted by 10-200 times with water on tea tree leaves and branches in 5-6 months and 9-10 months for preventing and treating anthracnose of tea trees; the spraying is carried out in the early morning or evening of fine day, and is carried out once every 5 to 7 days for 4 to 6 times;
the preparation method of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following steps:
(1) germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings; the method for germinating the tartary buckwheat bud seedlings comprises the following steps: screening full-grain pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the tartary buckwheat seeds in sodium hypochlorite with the concentration of 1.6-2.4% for 2-10min, soaking the tartary buckwheat seeds in water with the temperature of 28-32 ℃ which is 2-5 times of the seed volume for 4-8h, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 23-27 ℃, and harvesting tartary buckwheat sprouts after germination;
(2) extracting a tartary buckwheat bud seedling extract; the extraction step comprises: weighing sprouted tartary buckwheat sprouts of 5-15 days, adding 95% ethanol which is 5-15 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat sprouts, soaking for 0.5-1.5h, extracting under reflux for 2-5 times, each time for 60-100min, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, putting the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure until extract is obtained, and dissolving with methanol to obtain the tartary buckwheat germ/germ-free tea.
2. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the tartary buckwheat sprout extract diluted by 10-200 times with water is diluted by 50 times.
3. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract according to claim 1, wherein the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the step (1) of germinating the tartary buckwheat sprouts comprises the following steps: screening full and pollution-free tartary buckwheat seeds, soaking the seeds for 5min by using 2% sodium hypochlorite, soaking the seeds for 6h by using water with the temperature of 30 ℃ which is 2-3 times of the seed volume, accelerating germination and culturing at the temperature of 25 ℃, and harvesting after tartary buckwheat sprouts germinate.
4. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract according to claim 1, wherein the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight: weighing tartary buckwheat sprouts sprouting for 8-12 days, adding 95% ethanol 8-12 times of the tartary buckwheat sprouts to soak for 0.8-1.2h, performing reflux extraction for 2-3 times, performing 70-90min each time, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, adding the residues into the filtrate, performing reduced pressure concentration to obtain an extract, and dissolving with methanol to obtain the tartary buckwheat germ extract.
5. The application of the tartary buckwheat sprout extract as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tartary buckwheat sprout extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight: weighing tartary buckwheat sprouts sprouting for 10 days, adding 95% ethanol which is 10 times of the weight of the tartary buckwheat sprouts to soak for 1h, carrying out reflux extraction for 2 times and 80min each time, combining filtrates, washing residues with 95% ethanol until the residues are colorless, bringing the residues into the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain an extract, and dissolving with methanol to obtain the tartary buckwheat germ extract.
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