CN113179112A - Multi-antenna mode selection device - Google Patents

Multi-antenna mode selection device Download PDF

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CN113179112A
CN113179112A CN202110168103.9A CN202110168103A CN113179112A CN 113179112 A CN113179112 A CN 113179112A CN 202110168103 A CN202110168103 A CN 202110168103A CN 113179112 A CN113179112 A CN 113179112A
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mode selection
selection device
antenna mode
antenna
transmission
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CN113179112B (en
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熊军
张志芳
刘壹
杨林
马杰
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Xi'an Yufei Electronic Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
    • H04B7/0805—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-antenna mode selection device, which comprises the following selection steps: analyzing an original signal by adopting a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) technology; step two, adopting a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to analyze the received signals respectively; step three, calculating a receiving vector r based on an SINR algorithm; and step four, based on the SFBC technology, providing a selection case, wherein the multi-antenna mode selection device is different from the prior art, so that a receiving end does not need to be configured with a plurality of receiving antennas, and when a plurality of antennas transmit signals simultaneously, the signal receiving work can be completed only by configuring a single antenna through the diversity technology, thereby improving the signal receiving quality to a certain extent and reducing the configuration requirement on the mobile terminal.

Description

Multi-antenna mode selection device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-antenna mode selection, in particular to a multi-antenna mode selection device.
Background
Diversity is an important way to improve the signal receiving quality in a fading channel, and a receiving diversity system uses a group of receiving antennas spaced at a certain distance in space (space diversity) or using different polarization modes (polarization diversity) to obtain a group of receiving signals (from the same transmitting signal) irrelevant to fading characteristics, and reduces the fluctuation range of the signal level through a special combining processing mode, wherein the combining mode comprises a selection mode, equal gain and maximum ratio combining and the like, and frequency and time diversity is a common diversity mode besides space and polarization diversity.
However, when we use it, we find that the spatial receive diversity system requires a receiving end to configure multiple receive antennas, in some cases this condition cannot be satisfied in a mobile terminal, and the transmit diversity technique can be applied in a multi-transmit single-receive system, so that a receiver configured with a single antenna can still obtain a certain diversity gain.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a multi-antenna mode selection device to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a multi-antenna mode selection device comprises the following selection steps:
analyzing an original signal by adopting a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) technology;
step two, adopting a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to analyze the received signals respectively;
step three, calculating a receiving vector r based on an SINR algorithm;
and step four, providing a selection case based on the SFBC technology.
Preferably, in step two, the two used receiving antennas are respectively identified by using superscripts 1 and 2.
Preferably, in step two, the data is combined by equal proportion or MAC, and the final realization block diagram is used for representation.
Preferably, in step three, use is made ofn R X 1 dimensional column vectorn(the components of the vector are all 0 mean value independent same distribution Gaussian random variables, the real part and the imaginary part are independent, and have the same variance) Representing the noise vector of the receiver.
Preferably, in step three, due to the limitation on the total transmission power, the transmission power of each transmission antenna in the Alamouti scheme of 2 transmission and 1 reception is reduced to 1/2 of the single antenna transmission system, so that the error probability performance of the MRC system with respect to 1 transmission and 2 reception may generate a performance loss of 3 dB.
Preferably, in step four, the process is divided into a sending end process and a receiving end process.
Preferably, in step four, the transmitting end processing is divided into symbol grouping and space-time-frequency mapping.
Preferably, in step four, the receiving end processing includes obtaining an equivalent channel transmission matrix, SFBC decoding, and arranging symbol estimates in a time-frequency unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is different from the prior art, so that a receiving end does not need to be provided with a plurality of receiving antennas, and the signal receiving work can be completed only by configuring a single antenna when a plurality of antennas transmit signals simultaneously through the diversity technology, thereby improving the signal receiving quality to a certain extent and reducing the configuration requirement on the mobile terminal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the SIMO (2 x 1) processing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the SIMO processing principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a MIMO (2 x 2) -SFBC processing structure according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 2 x 2 MIMO decoder according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the channel and noise power estimation structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the pilot and data portions of two transmit antennas according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the pilot and data portions of two receive antennas according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-antenna mode selection device comprises the following selection steps:
step one, adopting a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) technology to analyze an original signal, and passing and
Figure 908291DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
the sequence numbers of adjacent subcarriers are represented, so that the two signals passing through the channel are received firstly at the receiving end, and the structure diagram of the SIMO (2 × 1) processing structure thereof is shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, wherein:
Figure 482490DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
: representative of the first transmit antenna and the first receive antenna being
Figure 465490DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
A channel on a subcarrier;
Figure 860699DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
: the second transmitting antenna and the first receiving antenna are represented in
Figure 206230DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
A channel on a subcarrier;
Figure 169638DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
: representative of the first transmit antenna and the first receive antenna being
Figure 967829DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Sub-carrier waveA channel of (c);
Figure 369992DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
: the second transmitting antenna and the first receiving antenna are represented in
Figure 943930DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
A channel on a subcarrier;
the signal received by the first receiving antenna:
Figure 202873DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the second number received by the first antenna is conjugated:
Figure 957203DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
analyzing the received signals:
Figure 897477DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
the derivation is as follows:
Figure 732447DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
therefore, the original signal analyzed at this time is shown in fig. 2 of the specification, in which:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
represents
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Represents
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
；
Step two, adopting Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to analyze the received signals respectively, the structure diagram of the MIMO (2 x 2) -SFBC processing is shown in the attached figure 3 of the specification,
the signal received by the first receiving antenna:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
analyzing the received signals:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
the first root resolved signal results are as follows:
Figure 83662DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
the signal received by the second receiving antenna:
Figure 731813DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
analyzing the received signals:
Figure 6936DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
the signal results of 2 sub-carriers analyzed by the second antenna are as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
the left side of the equation in the above formula is labeled with the number of the receiving antenna, and since there are only 2 receiving antennas, the upper label is only 1 and 2.
Finally, the two antennas need to be combined in equal proportion or MRC, and the estimation of the first subcarrier is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
the estimate of the second subcarrier is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
the final implementation block diagram of two receiving antennas is shown in figure 4 of the specification,
the ratio of the estimated signal to the noise is then as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
the noise figure at this time is as follows:
Figure 764589DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
the upper signal power P is the signal power calculated in the channel denoising module,
Figure 771859DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
and
Figure 500780DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
the estimation of the noise signal power, channel and noise power, also calculated in the denoising module, is shown in fig. 5 in the specification.
Step three, calculating a receiving vector r based on an SINR algorithm, wherein the SINR algorithm calculated for SFBC is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
.
the noise vector of the receiver can be expressed asn R X 1 dimensional column vectorn. The components of the vector are all 0-mean independent and identically distributed Gaussian random variables, and the real part and the imaginary part are independent and have the same variance. The covariance matrix of the received noise vector is then expressed as:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
the received signal may also be denoted asn R X 1-dimensional column vector r, each component representing the signal received by one receiving antenna, since the received power of each antenna is equal to the total transmitted power of all antennas, the system signal-to-noise ratio can be defined as the ratio of the total transmitted power to the noise power per antenna, independent of the number of transmitting antennas n T It can be expressed as:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
the calculated SINR at this time is equivalent to the received signal covariance matrix being the matrix of the transmitted signal:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
the first receive antenna after the channel is passed is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
if there are 2 receive antennas, the second receive antenna is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
for the first receive antenna, the channel model for channel equalization of the two subcarriers is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
if there are 2 receive antennas, then the channel model for the second receive antenna channel equalization is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
need to be aligned with
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
The Euclidean distance measurement is calculated, and the space-time mapping mode of SFBC determines a matrix
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
Orthogonality of (a), thus:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
representing the conjugate transpose of the matrix. Due to the fact that
Figure 343709DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
The orthogonality of the (a) to (b),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
the components of (a) are still independent identically distributed complex gaussian random variables,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
the maximum likelihood detection at this time is:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
by simple linear combination of the above formula, the detection process is converted into
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
independent decoding of the two components, when the amount of computation is reduced to
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
At the same time can obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
、
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
Pre-decision signal-to-noise ratio of two branches of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
Wherein
Figure 28637DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
Therefore, the Alamouti's 2-transmission-1-reception scheme can obtain a diversity order (2 nd order) consistent with the Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) of 1-transmission-2-reception, and it should be noted that, due to the limitation on the total transmission power, the transmission power of each transmission antenna in the Alamouti's 2-transmission-1-reception scheme is reduced to 1/2 of the single-antenna transmission system, so that a performance loss of 3dB is generated with respect to the error probability performance of the MRC system of 1-transmission-2-reception.
Figure 433905DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
Figure 587806DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
Thus, the received vector can be expressed as:
Figure 470312DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
。
step four, based on the SFBC technology, providing a selection case:
the transmitting end processing is divided into symbol grouping and space-time-frequency mapping,
wherein the symbols are grouped intoThe sending party groups the input data by taking 2 symbols as units to obtain
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
，
With a space-time-frequency mapping of, for packets
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
In the first place
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
On sub-carriers, antenna 1 transmits
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
Antenna 2 transmission
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
. To at the second place
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
On subcarriers, antenna 1 and antenna 2 transmit separately
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
forming space-frequency two-dimensional SFBC code group,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
the key idea of space-frequency coding is that the signal vectors transmitted by two antennas are orthogonal to each other, and the coding matrix has the following properties:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
A. downlink link
In a time-frequency resource block of OFDMA, antenna 1 and antenna 2 branches map each symbol group in the manner shown in FIG. 6 in the specificationIn the figure
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
the 1 st reference symbol and the 2 nd reference symbol respectively, the symbol sequence is divided into two symbol streams through SFBC coding, the two symbol streams are respectively subjected to subcarrier mapping and IDFT conversion and CP addition, and then the two symbol streams are respectively sent through different antennas;
the receiving end processing process comprises obtaining equivalent channel transmission matrix, SFBC decoding and arranging symbol estimation value in a time frequency unit, the 1 st and 2 nd antenna branches of UE in an RU are respectively mapped according to the mode shown in figure 7 of the specification, and the mapping mode is shown in the figure
Figure 9746DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
And
Figure 217874DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
reference symbols 1 and 2, respectively, the following data are obtained:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
wherein the equivalent channel transmission matrix is obtained as
Figure 62333DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
In each symbol period, the channel transmission coefficients of the transmitting antenna 1 and the transmitting antenna 2 to the receiving antenna on the C1 th subcarrier are respectively AND
Figure 184747DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
And
Figure 188476DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
(obtained by channel estimation), the channel transmission coefficients of the transmitting antenna 1 and the transmitting antenna 2 to the receiving antenna on the C2 th subcarrier are respectively AND
Figure 442870DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
And
Figure 368101DEST_PATH_IMAGE135
(obtained by channel estimation), an equivalent channel transmission matrix is constructed using these two coefficients as follows:
Figure 123568DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
Figure 388327DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
Figure 672678DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
wherein the SFBC is coded as
Figure 226150DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
In one symbol period, the c th and the c th
Figure 785307DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
In sub-carriers, received signals
Figure 966890DEST_PATH_IMAGE147
And
Figure 858360DEST_PATH_IMAGE149
the complex conjugate of (a) constitutes an equivalent received signal vector, denoted as
Figure 164708DEST_PATH_IMAGE151
To, for
Figure 996397DEST_PATH_IMAGE153
Performing linear treatment to obtain
Figure 704590DEST_PATH_IMAGE155
Will be
Figure 268427DEST_PATH_IMAGE157
And
Figure 655546DEST_PATH_IMAGE159
sending into a channel decoder, or directly judging according to a signal modulation constellation to obtain the second pair
Figure 556506DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
Within a symbol interval, the
Figure 92441DEST_PATH_IMAGE161
And a first
Figure 92759DEST_PATH_IMAGE163
Symbols transmitted on subcarriers
Figure 701594DEST_PATH_IMAGE165
And
Figure 406245DEST_PATH_IMAGE167
is estimated by
Figure 557872DEST_PATH_IMAGE169
And
Figure 525828DEST_PATH_IMAGE171
，
wherein symbol estimates in a time-frequency unit are arranged and output
Figure 153118DEST_PATH_IMAGE173
。
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-antenna mode selection device comprises the following selection steps:
analyzing an original signal by adopting a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) technology;
step two, adopting a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to analyze the received signals respectively;
step three, calculating a receiving vector r based on an SINR algorithm;
and step four, providing a selection case based on the SFBC technology.
2. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 1, wherein: in step two, the two used receiving antennas are respectively marked by using superscripts 1 and 2.
3. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 1, wherein: in step two, the equal proportion or MAC combination is carried out, and the final realization block diagram representation is used.
4. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 1, wherein: in step three, usen R X 1 dimensional column vectorn(the components of the vector are all 0-mean independent identically distributed Gaussian random variables, and the real part and the imaginary part are independent of each other and have the same variance) represents the noise vector of the receiver.
5. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 1, wherein: in step three, due to the limitation on the total transmission power, the transmission power of each transmission antenna in the Alamouti scheme of 2 transmission and 1 reception is reduced to 1/2 of the single antenna transmission system, so the error probability performance of the MRC system relative to 1 transmission and 2 reception will generate a performance loss of 3 dB.
6. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 1, wherein: in step four, the process is divided into a sending end process and a receiving end process.
7. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 6, wherein: in step four, the sender processing is divided into symbol grouping and space-time-frequency mapping.
8. The multiple antenna mode selection device of claim 6, wherein: in step four, the receiving end processing procedure includes obtaining the equivalent channel transmission matrix, SFBC decoding and arranging the symbol estimates in a time-frequency unit.
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