CN113178853A - Overvoltage protection system for lightning invasion waves on transformer substation line side - Google Patents
Overvoltage protection system for lightning invasion waves on transformer substation line side Download PDFInfo
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- CN113178853A CN113178853A CN202110471777.6A CN202110471777A CN113178853A CN 113178853 A CN113178853 A CN 113178853A CN 202110471777 A CN202110471777 A CN 202110471777A CN 113178853 A CN113178853 A CN 113178853A
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- line side
- lightning
- arrester
- gap
- side switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage comprising means to limit the absorbed power or indicate damaged over-voltage protection device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/045—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using spark-gap arresters
Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer substation line side lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system, which comprises: the transformer substation bus, the line side switch, the current transformer and the line side lightning arrester with the series gap; one end of the line side switch is connected with a substation bus, the other end of the line side switch is connected with the current transformer, the other end of the line side switch is further connected with the arrester with the series gap, the problems that in the prior art, due to continuous lightning strike, the insulation level of a fracture of the line side switch is reduced and the line side switch is re-burned and damaged due to lightning invasion waves along an outgoing line of a substation, and the arrester with the series gap on the line side has insufficient energy tolerance capability and thermal breakdown occur can be effectively solved, and the overvoltage protection of the lightning invasion waves of the continuous lightning strike on the substation line side is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power protection, in particular to a lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system on a transformer substation line side.
Background
Most of the earth flash processes are continuous lightning strokes consisting of main discharge and subsequent several back strikes, which are an atmospheric phenomenon commonly existing in nature, and compared with single lightning strokes, the continuous lightning strokes generally refer to continuous lightning falling or multiple lightning strokes within a short time interval of not more than 100 ms.
For the equipment on the outgoing line side of the transformer substation, under the continuous lightning severe operation condition, the following conditions are easy to occur: the short circuit of the circuit is caused by lightning stroke after the action of the switch on and off the side of the transformer substation circuit is flashover, which is equivalent to the arc extinguishing fracture of the switch in a hot standby state, and SF after the arc6In the gas medium recovery stage, if an outgoing line is subjected to continuous lightning strike, the formed lightning invasion wave along the line is totally reflected at the fracture of the line-side switch, although the lightning impulse tolerance level under the normal insulation state of the fracture may not be reached, the gas temperature in the arc extinguish chamber is still high at the moment, the temperature gradient change is large, the thermal decomposition degree is large, the insulation level of the fracture is lower than that under the normal state, the fracture arc extinguish chamber under the continuous lightning strike is very easy to cause difficulty in correctly extinguishing the arc, and the fracture breakdown occurs to cause the switch damage accident.
On the other hand, the energy tolerance (current capacity) of the line side arrester is checked according to single lightning impulse, because the time of the continuous lightning stroke process is extremely short, the heat dissipation effect of the line side arrester is ignored, the arrester resistance card continuously absorbs the energy of lightning invading waves to cause higher temperature rise, the accumulated absorbed energy can reach a higher level, even approaches or exceeds the current capacity of the arrester resistance card, the irreversible accelerated degradation of the resistance card is caused, and a thermal breakdown accident is generated under the subsequent power frequency voltage action.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a substation line side lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system which can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, due to continuous lightning strikes, lightning invasion waves along an outgoing line of a substation cause reduction of insulation level of a line side switch fracture and re-ignition damage, and a line side lightning arrester with a series gap has insufficient energy tolerance capacity and is subjected to thermal breakdown.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system, including: the transformer substation bus, the line side switch, the current transformer and the line side lightning arrester with the series gap;
one end of the line side switch is connected to the substation bus, the other end of the line side switch is connected with the current transformer, and the other end of the line side switch is further connected with the line side arrester with the series gap.
As an improvement of the above aspect, the line side strip series gap arrester includes: a lightning arrester body and a gap;
the arrester body is connected in series with the gap.
As a modification of the above, the gap includes any one of:
the gap of the composite material supporting insulator and the fixed series gap or air gap in the insulator.
As an improvement of the above solution, the line side series gap arrester of the system determines the gap distance by the steps comprising:
acquiring lightning impulse withstand voltage of a line side switch fracture and voltage rise of the line side switch fracture relative to the end part of the line side band series gap arrester under the continuous lightning stroke working condition, and calculating to obtain gap impulse discharge voltage;
and checking according to the gap impact discharge voltage to obtain the gap distance of the line side arrester with the series gap.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the method for obtaining the lightning impulse withstand voltage includes:
and the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the break of the offline side switch under the continuous lightning stroke working condition is equal to the product of the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the break of the offline side switch under the normal state and a preset coefficient.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the method for obtaining the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the line side switch break under the continuous lightning stroke working condition and the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side band series gap arrester includes the following steps:
UC＝UD-ΔU；
wherein, Δ U represents the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side lightning arrester with the series gap, UD represents the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the line side switch break under the continuous lightning stroke condition, and UC represents the gap impulse discharge voltage.
As an improvement of the above scheme, a voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side strip series gap arrester is obtained by the following formula:
ΔU＝2al/v；
where v denotes the speed of light, l denotes the distance of the arrester from the line side switch break and a denotes the lightning wave steepness.
As an improvement of the scheme, the series gap arrester is a 110 kV-500 kV metal oxide arrester with a series gap.
As an improvement of the scheme, when the lightning arrester is 110kV and 220kV grade lightning arresters, the nominal discharge current of the lightning arrester is 10 kA;
and when the arrester is an arrester with 500kV grade, the nominal discharge current of the arrester is 20 kA.
As an improvement of the above, the method further comprises:
and after the series gap is broken down under the lightning intrusion wave, the residual voltage value of the lightning arrester body under the nominal discharge current is equal to the gap impulse discharge voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the overvoltage protection system for the lightning invasion wave at the side of the transformer substation, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, has the advantages that a short series gap is added between the arrester body with the series gap at the side of the line and the ground to form the arrester with the series gap at the side of the line, and the following functions can be realized:
1. under the normal operation condition of the lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system at the side of the transformer substation, a part of operation voltage is shared in the clearance, and the purpose of effectively reducing the residual voltage of the lightning arrester body under the nominal discharge current is achieved.
2. Aiming at the problem that the lightning impulse insulation strength is greatly reduced in the recovery process of the line side switch fracture SF6 gas medium under the continuous lightning stroke working condition, the gap distance is checked through the calculated gap impulse discharge voltage, and the line side band series gap arrester is ensured to be started and put into practical use to realize effective protection of the line side switch fracture under the severe working condition of continuous lightning stroke.
3. The residual voltage of the main body under the nominal discharge current is selected to be equal to the impulse discharge voltage of the series gap, so that the overvoltage of the line side switch fracture still has a certain margin relative to the reduced lightning impulse insulation strength in the recovery process of the SF6 gas medium of the fracture under continuous lightning stroke, and the purpose of improving the protection margin of the line side arrester with the series gap is achieved.
4. Through the series gap, the lightning waves with smaller energy are isolated, so that the selective absorption of the energy of the lightning invasion waves of the continuous lightning stroke of the power transmission line is realized, the accumulation of the energy is reduced, the short-time energy absorption of the lightning arrester is ensured not to exceed the through-current capacity of the lightning arrester, and the running condition of the lightning arrester under the continuous lightning stroke is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a substation line side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a specific schematic diagram of a substation line-side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system, including: the system comprises a transformer, a bus arrester, a substation bus, a line side switch, a current transformer and a line side arrester with a series gap;
one end of the line side switch is connected to the substation bus, the other end of the line side switch is connected with the current transformer, and the other end of the line side switch is further connected with the line side arrester with the series gap.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the protection system further includes: a transformer and a bus arrester; and the transformer is connected with the bus arrester in parallel and then is connected with the line side switch through the substation bus.
Wherein, line side area series gap arrester is established ties by arrester body and clearance and is formed, and the clearance includes following arbitrary one: the gap of the composite material supporting insulator and the fixed series gap or air gap in the insulator. It should be noted that, a corresponding gap structure is selected according to the installation position and the installation condition of the lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system at the side of the transformer substation line, for example, a lightning arrester installed at the side of a surrounding wall in the transformer substation, and a fixed series gap type in an insulator is suggested to be considered; for lightning arresters mounted on line termination towers, it is proposed to use a type with a supporting insulator gap or air gap of composite material. In this embodiment, the series gap arrester is a 110 kV-500 kV metal oxide arrester with a series gap.
It should be noted that the overvoltage protection device on the line side of the transformer substation in the prior art mainly depends on installing the gapless metal oxide arrester on the line side at the same position as that in fig. 1, and the residual voltage under the nominal discharge current of the arrester is required to be matched with the lightning impulse tolerance level of the break of the switch on the line side, however, the insulation cooperation principle aims at the working conditions of single lightning strike or multiple lightning strikes at certain time intervals, does not consider the severe working conditions of continuous lightning strikes, does not consider the difference of the operating environments of southern areas with much lightning strikes, since the installation position of the arrester with the series gap at the line side influences the protection level of the arrester on the fracture of the line side switch, and the continuous lightning strike causes the insulation level of the fracture of the line side switch to be reduced, the absorption energy of the line side gapless metal oxide lightning arrester to be greatly increased and the like, so that the accidents of re-burning damage of the fracture of the line side switch caused by the continuous lightning strike and thermal breakdown of the line side gapless lightning arrester are caused.
Therefore, the overvoltage protection system for the lightning invasion wave at the side of the substation line, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, increases a short series gap between the arrester body and the ground to form a series gap arrester, and realizes the following functions:
(1) under the normal operation condition of the lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system at the side of the transformer substation, a part of operation voltage is shared in the clearance, and the purpose of effectively reducing the residual voltage of the lightning arrester body under the nominal discharge current is achieved.
(2) Offline side switch fracture SF under continuous lightning stroke working condition6The problem that the outgoing line of the lightning impulse insulation strength is greatly reduced in the recovery process of the gas medium is solved, the gap distance is checked through the calculated gap impulse discharge voltage, and the line side band series gap arrester is ensured to be started and put into use to effectively protect the line side switch fracture under the severe working condition of continuous lightning stroke.
(3) The residual voltage of the main body under the nominal lightning discharge current is selected to be equal to the impulse discharge voltage of the series gap, so that the overvoltage of the line side switch fracture still has a certain margin relative to the reduced lightning impulse insulation strength in the recovery process of the gas medium of the fracture SF6 under continuous lightning stroke, and the purpose of improving the protection margin of the lightning arrester is achieved.
(4) Through the series gap, the lightning waves with smaller energy are isolated, so that the selective absorption of the energy of the lightning invasion waves of the continuous lightning stroke of the power transmission line is realized, the accumulation of the energy is reduced, the short-time energy absorption of the lightning arrester is ensured not to exceed the through-current capacity of the lightning arrester, and the running condition of the lightning arrester under the continuous lightning stroke is improved.
As an improvement of the above solution, the line side series gap arrester of the system determines the gap distance by the steps comprising:
acquiring lightning impulse withstand voltage of a line side switch fracture and voltage rise of the line side switch fracture relative to the end part of the line side band series gap arrester under the continuous lightning stroke working condition, and calculating to obtain gap impulse discharge voltage;
and checking according to the gap impact discharge voltage to obtain the gap distance of the arrester with the series gap on the line side.
Further, the lightning impulse withstand voltage is obtained by the following method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the break of the offline side switch under the continuous lightning stroke working condition is equal to the product of the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the break of the offline side switch under the normal state and a preset coefficient.
In particular, the preset coefficient is suggested to be 0.6, considering that the gas temperature in the arc chamber is still high at very short time intervals (of the order of hundreds of ms) during the continuous lightning strike, and the fracture insulation level is lower than in the normal state.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the method for obtaining the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the line side switch break under the continuous lightning stroke working condition and the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side band series gap arrester includes the following steps:
UC＝UD-ΔU；
wherein, DeltaU represents the voltage rise of the end part of the line side switch fracture opposite to the line side arrester with the series gap, UDExpressed as the lightning impulse withstand voltage, U, of the break of the line side switch under continuous lightning strike conditionsCIndicated as gap impulse discharge voltage.
Further, the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side strip series gap arrester is obtained by the following formula:
ΔU＝2al/v；
where v is the speed of light, l is the distance of the arrester from the break of the line side switch, and l is preferably 100m at maximum. And taking a lead which is continuously struck by lightning and is in a near-outgoing area (1-2 km away from a transformer substation) for multiple times, calculating the gradient a of the lightning wave according to the lightning invasion wave with a steep wave form (2.6/50 mu s and 2.6 mu s of rising edge), neglecting the influence of corona, capacitance and complex wiring of the transformer substation on the lightning invasion wave process, and ensuring that no loss exists in the process of transmitting the lightning wave to the end part of the lightning arrester.
As an improvement of the scheme, the series gap arrester is a 110 kV-500 kV metal oxide arrester with a series gap.
As an improvement of the scheme, when the lightning arrester is 110kV and 220kV grade lightning arresters, the nominal discharge current of the lightning arrester is 10 kA;
and when the arrester is an arrester with 500kV grade, the nominal discharge current of the arrester is 20 kA.
As an improvement of the above, the method further comprises: and after the gap is broken down under the lightning intrusion wave, the residual voltage value of the lightning arrester body under the nominal discharge current is equal to the gap impulse discharge voltage.
It should be noted that the through-current capacity of the line side resistor disc with the series gap is the same as that of a conventional arrester, and the surge voltage of the gap is equal to the residual voltage of the arrester body under the nominal discharge current by selecting the number of the resistor discs of the arrester body and designing the structure of the body and the series gap, namely the matching of the capacitance of the resistor discs and the capacitance of the supporting insulator. It will be appreciated that after breakdown of the gap under a lightning intrusion wave, the residual voltage U of the body at the nominal discharge currentbEqual to the gap impulse discharge voltage, take Ub＝UC+/-5%, the residual voltage value is obviously lower than the residual voltage under the nominal discharge current of the existing line side gapless metal oxide lightning arrester, the overvoltage of the lightning invasion wave at the fracture of the line side switch in the continuous lightning stroke process can be ensured to be always lower than the insulation strength in the medium recovery process of the fracture of the line side switch, and the residual voltage value has higher margin, so that the purpose of effectively protecting the insulation of the fracture of the line side switch under the continuous lightning stroke working condition is achieved.
In the substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system, the series gap of the metal oxide arrester with the series gap can effectively act under the power frequency overvoltage of 1.3p.u. (220kV and 110kV voltage grades) and 1.4p.u. (500kV voltage grade) and the operation overvoltage (2.0p.u.) generated by the closing and reclosing of the 500kV no-load line, so that the protection function of the arrester body under the power frequency overvoltage and the operation overvoltage is realized.
The transformer substation line side lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system considers two adverse factors of reduction of insulation level of a line side switch fracture and increase of absorption energy of a line side lightning arrester with a series gap under a severe working condition of a continuous lightning stroke line and influences of an arrester installation position on the line side switch fracture protection level, selective absorption of the lightning invasion wave energy in the continuous lightning stroke is realized through the series gap, the transformer substation line side lightning invasion wave overvoltage protection system has the advantages of lower residual voltage and higher energy absorption capacity, and can effectively take account of overvoltage protection performance and self safety of the lightning arrester under the severe working condition of the continuous lightning stroke, and the protection of the line side switch fracture on the continuous lightning stroke lightning invasion wave is realized.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system, comprising: the transformer substation bus, the line side switch, the current transformer and the line side lightning arrester with the series gap;
one end of the line side switch is connected to the substation bus, the other end of the line side switch is connected with the current transformer, and the other end of the line side switch is further connected with the line side arrester with the series gap.
2. The substation line side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 1 wherein the line side series gap arrestor comprises: a lightning arrester body and a gap;
the arrester body is connected in series with the gap.
3. The substation line side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 2 wherein the gap comprises any one of:
the gap of the composite material supporting insulator and the fixed series gap or air gap in the insulator.
4. The substation line side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 1 wherein the line side series gap arrestor of the system determines the gap distance by:
acquiring lightning impulse withstand voltage of a line side switch fracture and voltage rise of the line side switch fracture relative to the end part of the line side band series gap arrester under the continuous lightning stroke working condition, and calculating to obtain gap impulse discharge voltage;
and checking according to the gap impact discharge voltage to obtain the gap distance of the line side arrester with the series gap.
5. The substation line side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 4 wherein the lightning surge withstand voltage is obtained by a method comprising:
and the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the break of the offline side switch under the continuous lightning stroke working condition is equal to the product of the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the break of the offline side switch under the normal state and a preset coefficient.
6. The substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining of the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the line side switch break and the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side band series gap arrester under the continuous lightning strike condition and the calculating of the gap impulse discharge voltage specifically comprises:
UC＝UD-ΔU；
wherein, Δ U represents the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the end of the line side lightning arrester with the series gap, UD represents the lightning impulse withstand voltage of the line side switch break under the continuous lightning stroke condition, and UC represents the gap impulse discharge voltage.
7. The substation line side lightning intrusion wave overvoltage protection system of claim 6, wherein the voltage rise of the line side switch break relative to the line side strip series gap arrester end is obtained by the equation:
ΔU＝2al/v；
where v denotes the speed of light, l denotes the distance of the arrester from the line side switch break and a denotes the lightning wave steepness.
8. The substation line side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 1 wherein the series gap arrestor is a 110kV to 500kV metal oxide arrestor with a series gap.
9. The substation line-side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 8,
when the lightning arrester is in 110kV and 220kV grades, the nominal discharge current of the lightning arrester is 10 kA;
and when the arrester is an arrester with 500kV grade, the nominal discharge current of the arrester is 20 kA.
10. The substation line-side lightning ingress overvoltage protection system of claim 8 wherein the method further comprises:
and after the series gap is broken down under the lightning intrusion wave, the residual voltage value of the lightning arrester body under the nominal discharge current is equal to the gap impulse discharge voltage.
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| CN113690869A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-23 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Transformer substation's line side arrester |
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