CN113176921A - Automatic customization system of desktop - Google Patents
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- CN113176921A CN113176921A CN202110478696.9A CN202110478696A CN113176921A CN 113176921 A CN113176921 A CN 113176921A CN 202110478696 A CN202110478696 A CN 202110478696A CN 113176921 A CN113176921 A CN 113176921A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic desktop customization system, which comprises a UI element detection module, wherein the UI element detection module automatically switches to traversal search logic when a native UIA cannot return a correct control element according to screen coordinates, and uses a greedy algorithm and a pruning algorithm to realize timely stop; and the flow information generation module records key information of the target control element so as to provide a basis for positioning the control during playback, wherein the key information comprises a control type and a control name. The desktop automatic customization system can repair the defects that many elements exist in the top layer mask, and only the mask can be detected when the inner layer control elements need to be positioned; the search application time can be greatly shortened, and the user experience is improved; dynamic, even trap attribute access can be bypassed, and the recording process can be normally finished; the automated desktop customization system can avoid errors of Byzantine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the related technical field of desktop automation, in particular to a desktop automation customization system.
Background
RPA (robotic Process automation), namely robot Process automation, which has the function of automatically completing a series of computer software operations, and aims to eliminate repetitive, definite step, and programmable redundant human labor; the process comprises two stages: recording UI element information and action information of manual operation, which is called recording; the robot uses the aforementioned information to reproduce the manual operation, called playback.
Due to the diversity of the implementation modes and technical frameworks of computer software, the RPA needs to have various corresponding technical means to achieve better coverage, including but not limited to the following: desktop automation, WEB automation, mobile phone automation, and the like; the present invention will focus on desktop automation.
The most common and sophisticated technology for desktop Automation is UI Automation, UIA for short. It provides a relevant interface for obtaining and setting the attribute value of the interface element based on a certain searching and executing algorithm. However, software developers, both intentionally and unintentionally, may break through such algorithms, causing the UIA to capture unreasonable results. For example, when the target software has a top-layer mask panel, the useful control of the inner layer cannot be located; when a software developer overwrites the acquisition logic for the control properties but a bug exists, accessing the relevant properties may be trapped in a dead loop or cause the target application to crash.
Therefore, we propose a desktop automation customization system to facilitate solving the problems set forth above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a desktop automation customization system to solve the problem that most desktop automation proposed in the background art cannot locate useful controls on the inner layer when target software has a top-layer mask panel; when a software developer overwrites the acquisition logic for the control properties but has a bug, accessing the relevant properties may be a problem that may get into a dead loop or crash the target application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a desktop automated customization system, comprising:
the UI element detection module is used for automatically switching to traversal search logic when the native UIA cannot return a correct control element according to the screen coordinate, and realizing timely stop by using a greedy algorithm and a pruning algorithm;
the flow information generation module records key information of the target control element to provide a basis for positioning the control during playback, wherein the key information comprises a control type and a control name;
a rule description configuration file, wherein the rule description configuration file comprises four types of key information, namely a special application identification rule, characteristics of elements to be ignored, an element detection suspension condition and element attributes required for generating a locator (basis of a positioning control during playback);
and the playback execution module encapsulates interfaces of various common actions, gives a default implementation and finishes customizing the application through different implementations of the default implementation.
Preferably, the UI element detection module depends on one of pruning and suspension conditions, which are different from application to application, when performing automatic switching to traversal search logic and stopping the process in time using greedy algorithm and pruning algorithm.
Preferably, the input content of the UI element detection module is: screen coordinates, configuration files; the output content of the UI element detection module is as follows: the innermost interface element at that coordinate.
Preferably, the flow information generating module not only needs to obtain the path information of the control in a bottom-up manner, but also needs to simulate a playback process once, so as to ensure that the generated information can uniquely correspond to the target control; wherein the key information used is flexibly provided by a configuration file.
Preferably, the input content of the flow information generating module is: target control elements and configuration files; the output content of the flow information generation module is as follows: target key information sequence.
Preferably, the application-specific identification rule describes a process flow that requires customization to be enabled.
Preferably, the characteristics of the elements to be ignored describe the elements that need to be pruned when the UI is detected.
Preferably, the termination condition of the element detection describes that the search is terminated when an element with specific characteristics is encountered during UI detection; defaults to the first leaf element located on a given coordinate.
Preferably, the generating of element attributes required by the locator (the basis for locating the control during playback) defines that the target element is located by the attributes of the element; not only the attribute which is not dynamically changed needs to be selected, but also the attribute with access error needs to be avoided.
Preferably, the attributes available in the element attributes include:
process Name: a process name;
class Name: a class name;
automation Id: unique identification of the control element, control attribute introduced by definition in UI Automation technology, and the initial purpose is positioning for software Automation test;
name: a control name;
role: a control type;
bounding Rectangle: control position and size information;
is Enabled: whether it is available;
is offset green: whether the control position is off-screen;
access Key: and the control shortcut key is used for quickly operating the control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. many elements exist in the top layer mask, so that only the mask can be detected when the inner layer control elements need to be positioned, and the defect can be repaired by the customized searching mode provided by the invention;
2. the element detection module needs to highlight the target control in real time, the complete search of the applied control tree is time-consuming, the time can be greatly shortened through a greedy and pruning algorithm with given conditions, and the user experience is improved;
3. the standard control provided by Microsoft provides an interface for acquiring interface element information by default, but a third party control or a custom control can rewrite a related method, so that errors are made or dead cycles are trapped when certain control attributes are accessed; configuring specific characteristic attributes for specific applications to generate locators, so that dynamic and even attribute access with traps can be avoided, and the recording process can be normally finished;
4. in some applications, invoking a generic interface to perform a specified action may not really achieve the goal, and needs to be done in other ways; the execution module capable of being updated in a hot mode can quickly repair the problems, and the automatic customization system of the desktop is prevented from being mistaken by the Byzantine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the recording and return visit process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a desktop automated customization system, comprising:
the UI element detection module is used for automatically switching to traversal search logic when the native UIA cannot return a correct control element according to the screen coordinate, and realizing timely stop by using a greedy algorithm and a pruning algorithm;
the flow information generation module records key information of the target control element to provide a basis for positioning the control during playback, wherein the key information comprises a control type and a control name;
a rule description configuration file, wherein the rule description configuration file comprises four types of key information, namely a special application identification rule, characteristics of elements to be ignored, an element detection suspension condition and element attributes required for generating a locator (basis of a positioning control during playback);
the playback execution module encapsulates interfaces of various common actions, gives a default implementation and finishes customizing the application through different implementations of the default implementation; hot updates may be supported here, storing the proprietary link library to a designated directory, or automatically loading it to perform the required actions.
Furthermore, when the UI element detection module completes automatic switching to traversal search logic and uses a greedy algorithm and a pruning algorithm to realize timely stopping of the process, the UI element detection module depends on one of pruning and stopping conditions, and the UI element detection module is different in each application, such as filtering out meaningless panels, non-editable blank text boxes, and the like; here the feedback for a particular application can be well customized by assigning corresponding profile information.
Furthermore, the input content of the UI element detection module is: screen coordinates, configuration files; the output content of the UI element detection module is as follows: the innermost interface element at that coordinate.
Furthermore, the flow information generation module not only needs to obtain the path information of the control in a bottom-up mode, but also simulates a playback process once to ensure that the generated information can only correspond to the target control; wherein the key information used is flexibly provided by a configuration file.
Further, the input content of the flow information generating module is: target control elements and configuration files; the output content of the flow information generation module is as follows: target key information sequence.
Further, the application specific identification rule describes a processing flow that requires customization; for example, the process name of the target application is XXX and the window class name is XXX.
Furthermore, the characteristics of the elements to be ignored describe the elements which need to be pruned when the UI is detected; such as invisible elements or meaningless container class controls to avoid creating strange highlighting effects while recording, degrading the user experience.
Furthermore, the termination condition of the element detection describes that the search is terminated when the element with specific characteristics is encountered during UI detection; defaults to the first leaf element located on a given coordinate.
Furthermore, the invention generates the element attribute required by the locator (the basis of the locating control in playback), and limits the locating of the target element through the attribute of the element; not only the attribute which is not dynamically changed needs to be selected, but also the attribute with access error needs to be avoided.
Further, the attributes available in the element attributes include:
process Name: a process name;
class Name: a class name;
automation Id: unique identification of the control element, control attribute introduced by definition in UI Automation technology, and the initial purpose is positioning for software Automation test;
name: a control name;
role: a control type; such as List, Check Box, Button, etc.;
bounding Rectangle: control position and size information;
is Enabled: whether it is available;
is offset green: whether the control position is off-screen;
access Key: and the control shortcut key is used for quickly operating the control.
An example of a configuration file is as follows:
in the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
It should be noted that in the description of the present specification, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples, which are described in this specification in connection with system embodiments that are relatively simple to describe as they are substantially similar to method embodiments, as may be described in connection with part of this specification. The above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components suggested as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes. It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A desktop automated customization system, comprising:
the UI element detection module is used for automatically switching to traversal search logic when the native UIA cannot return a correct control element according to the screen coordinate, and realizing timely stop by using a greedy algorithm and a pruning algorithm;
the flow information generation module records key information of the target control element to provide a basis for positioning the control during playback, wherein the key information comprises a control type and a control name;
a rule description configuration file, wherein the rule description configuration file comprises four types of key information, namely a special application identification rule, characteristics of elements to be ignored, an element detection suspension condition and element attributes required for generating a locator (basis of a positioning control during playback);
and the playback execution module encapsulates interfaces of various common actions, gives a default implementation and finishes customizing the application through different implementations of the default implementation.
2. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the UI element detection module depends on one of pruning and stopping conditions when the automatic switching to the traversal search logic is completed and the greedy algorithm and the pruning algorithm are used for stopping the process in time, and the UI element detection module is different in each application.
3. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the input content of the UI element detection module is as follows: screen coordinates, configuration files; the output content of the UI element detection module is as follows: the innermost interface element at that coordinate.
4. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the flow information generation module not only needs to obtain the path information of the control in a bottom-up mode, but also needs to simulate a playback process once so as to ensure that the generated information can only correspond to the target control; wherein the key information used is flexibly provided by a configuration file.
5. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the input content of the flow information generation module is as follows: target control elements and configuration files; the output content of the flow information generation module is as follows: target key information sequence.
6. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the application specific identification rule describes a process flow that requires customization to be enabled.
7. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the features of the elements that should be ignored describe the elements that need to be pruned out during UI probing.
8. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: the termination condition of the element detection describes that the search is terminated when an element with specific characteristics is encountered during UI detection; defaults to the first leaf element located on a given coordinate.
9. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 1, wherein: generating element attributes required by a locator (a basis for positioning a control during playback), and limiting to position a target element through the attributes of the element; not only the attribute which is not dynamically changed needs to be selected, but also the attribute with access error needs to be avoided.
10. The desktop automated customization system according to claim 9, wherein: available ones of the element attributes include:
process Name: a process name;
class Name: a class name;
automation Id: unique identification of the control element, control attribute introduced by definition in UI Automation technology, and the initial purpose is positioning for software Automation test;
name: a control name;
role: a control type;
bounding Rectangle: control position and size information;
is Enabled: whether it is available;
is offset green: whether the control position is off-screen;
access Key: and the control shortcut key is used for quickly operating the control.
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