CN113176795A - ICF device comprising annular infrared injection and temperature control method for preparing target pellet ice layer - Google Patents
ICF device comprising annular infrared injection and temperature control method for preparing target pellet ice layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113176795A CN113176795A CN202110384778.7A CN202110384778A CN113176795A CN 113176795 A CN113176795 A CN 113176795A CN 202110384778 A CN202110384778 A CN 202110384778A CN 113176795 A CN113176795 A CN 113176795A
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/185—Control of temperature with auxiliary non-electric power
Abstract
An ICF device containing annular infrared injection and a temperature control method for preparing an ice layer of target pills comprise a thermal mechanical structure, wherein the center of the thermal mechanical structure is fixedly provided with the target pills, two sides of a south-north half cavity of the thermal mechanical structure are respectively provided with a cold ring to be contacted with a south-north pole cold arm, the other end of the south-north pole cold arm is connected with a low-temperature cold seat, and a heating block connected with a first computer is arranged on the south-north pole cold arm; the outer surfaces of the south and north half cavities of the thermal mechanical structure are provided with heating ring belts connected with a first computer; observation holes are formed in two sides of the equatorial region of the thermodynamic mechanical structure; an LED collimation light source and a CCD camera are arranged outside the observation hole, the LED collimation light source is connected with a second computer, and the CCD camera is connected with a first computer; laser incident ports are formed in the two poles of the south and north half cavities of the thermodynamic mechanical structure, and annular infrared injection devices are arranged on the outer sides of the two poles of the south and north half cavities; the invention realizes the accurate control of the temperature field of the target pellets through directional infrared, and the ice layer in the target pellets absorbs infrared to generate self-homogenization effect, thereby forming a uniform fuel ice layer meeting the ignition requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature fields of freezing target systems, in particular to an ICF device comprising annular infrared injection and a temperature control method for preparing a target pellet ice layer.
Background
Inertial confinement nuclear fusion (ICF) is a nuclear fusion technology, which uses laser shock wave to initiate nuclear fusion reaction, and is one of the main methods for realizing giant-variable ignition. To suppress the growth of Rayleigh-Taylor instability, the deuterium (DD) layer thickness uniformity in the frozen target must be greater than 99% and the root mean square of the inner surface roughness must be less than 1 μm, corresponding to a surface temperature differential of less than 0.1 mK. The low mode roughness of the fuel ice layer is mainly determined by the temperature field around the target pellet, and therefore the importance of the control of the temperature field of the frozen target is particularly prominent.
To meet such demanding ignition requirements, deuterium-deuterium ice layers are produced as smoothly as possible, requiring the fuel ice layer to be more uniform by adding external stimuli. The traditional temperature field control is realized by regulating and controlling the power of a heating belt outside a thermal mechanical structure, and the improvement effect on the uniformity of the temperature field on the surface of the target pellet is quite limited due to the shape limitation of a column cavity of the thermal mechanical structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ICF device comprising annular infrared injection and a temperature control method for preparing an ice layer of a target pellet, which can realize local regulation and control of the surface temperature of the target pellet, can generate a self-homogenization phenomenon similar to beta decay after the fuel ice layer absorbs infrared rays, and can obviously improve the uniformity of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an ICF device containing annular infrared injection comprises a thermal mechanical structure 1, wherein a target pellet is fixed at the center of the thermal mechanical structure 1, and the target pellet comprises a hydrocarbon polymer target shell 9, a fuel ice layer 10 and a fuel gas cavity from outside to inside; two sides of a south-north half cavity of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 are respectively provided with a cold ring which is contacted with one end of a north pole cold arm 2 and one end of a south pole cold arm 3, the other ends of the north pole cold arm 2 and the south pole cold arm 3 are connected with a low-temperature cold seat 6, the north pole cold arm 2 is provided with a first heating block 4, the south pole cold arm 3 is provided with a second heating block 5, and the first heating block 4 and the second heating block 5 are connected with a first computer 13;
the outer surface of a north half cavity of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 is provided with a first heating ring belt 7, the outer surface of a south half cavity is provided with a second heating ring belt 8, and the first heating ring belt 7 and the second heating ring belt 8 are connected with a first computer 13;
symmetrical observation holes are formed in two sides of the equatorial region of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 and are sealed by aluminized PI films; an LED collimated light source 11 and a CCD camera 12 are respectively arranged outside the observation hole, the LED collimated light source 11 is connected with a second computer 20, and the CCD camera 12 is connected with a first computer 13;
the two poles of the south and north half cavities of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 are provided with laser incident ports and are sealed by aluminum-plated PI films; the outer sides of the two poles of the north-south half cavity are provided with annular infrared injection devices, the outer side of the north pole is provided with a first infrared collimation light source 14, and the first infrared collimation light source 14 injects infrared rays into the north half cavity through a first light dispersing prism 15 and a first focusing prism 16; a second infrared collimation light source 17 is arranged on the outer side of the south pole, and infrared rays are emitted into the south half cavity by the second infrared collimation light source 17 through a second light scattering prism 18 and a second focusing prism 19; the first infrared collimated light source 14, the second infrared collimated light source 17 and the second computer 20 are connected.
A method of temperature control using an ICF device including annular infrared injection, comprising the steps of:
1) after the target pellets are filled with fuel gas, the temperature is rapidly reduced to form crescent fuel ice layer profile distribution with thick south pole and extremely thin north pole;
2) the second heating block 5 starts to work, and the temperature of the south pole cold arm 3 is gradually increased at the moment, so that the temperature of the south pole of the thermal mechanical structure 1 is increased, the ice layer in the south pole area of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet is gradually thinned, and the equator area and the north pole area are gradually thickened;
3) observing the thickness distribution condition of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet through the CCD camera 12, when the thicknesses of the fuel ice layers in the south and north polar regions in the target pellet are consistent, starting the first heating block 4 to work, and the heating power is equal to that of the second heating block 5, and observing the migration behavior of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet to stop through the CCD camera 12;
4) the first heating ring zone 7 and the second heating ring zone 8 start to work, the power of the first heating ring zone 7 and the power of the second heating ring zone 8 are gradually increased, the temperature of the equator area of the target pellet starts to be raised, the CCD camera 12 observes that the fuel ice layer of the equator area in the target pellet starts to migrate to the north and south poles, and the power of the first heating ring zone 7 and the power of the second heating ring zone 8 are controlled until the thickness of the fuel ice layer of the equator area in the target pellet is equal to that of the fuel ice layers of the north and south poles;
5) the first infrared collimation light source 14 and the second infrared collimation light source 17 start to work, and the fuel ice layer in the target pellet absorbs heat under the action of uniform infrared radiation to generate sublimation; the thin area of the fuel ice layer absorbs little heat and has low temperature, the de-sublimation occurs, and the fuel ice layer in the target pellets begins to generate self-homogenization, thereby preparing the fuel ice layer meeting the ignition condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the traditional freezing target temperature control means mainly utilizes the heating belt outside the thermal mechanical structure to regulate and control, and because the shape of the thermal mechanical structure limits and the temperature control mode of the heating belt is indirect temperature control, the 2-5 modulus of the outline of the target pellet fuel ice layer can not meet the ignition requirement. According to the invention, the accurate temperature control of the surface of the target pellet is realized through the annular infrared light injected from the north and south, and the beta-like self-homogenization effect generated after the infrared light is absorbed by the fuel ice layer in the target pellet can effectively improve the uniformity of the fuel ice layer, thereby meeting the ignition requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ICF device incorporating annular infrared injection in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and also with reference to embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, an ICF device including annular infrared injection comprises a thermo-mechanical structure 1, wherein a target pellet is fixed at the center of the thermo-mechanical structure 1, and the target pellet comprises a hydrocarbon polymer target shell 9, a fuel ice layer 10 and a fuel gas cavity from outside to inside; two sides of a south-north half cavity of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 are respectively provided with a cold ring which is contacted with one end of a north pole cold arm 2 and one end of a south pole cold arm 3, the other ends of the north pole cold arm 2 and the south pole cold arm 3 are connected with a low-temperature cold seat 6, the north pole cold arm 2 is provided with a first heating block 4, the south pole cold arm 3 is provided with a second heating block 5, and the first heating block 4 and the second heating block 5 are connected with a first computer 13;
the outer surface of a north half cavity of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 is provided with a first heating ring belt 7, the outer surface of a south half cavity is provided with a second heating ring belt 8, and the first heating ring belt 7 and the second heating ring belt 8 are connected with a first computer 13;
symmetrical observation holes are formed in two sides of the equatorial region of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 and are sealed by aluminized PI films; an LED collimated light source 11 and a CCD camera 12 are respectively arranged outside the observation hole, the LED collimated light source 11 is connected with a second computer 20, and the CCD camera 12 is connected with a first computer 13;
the two poles of the south and north half cavities of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1 are provided with laser incident ports and are sealed by aluminum-plated PI films; the outer sides of the two poles of the north-south half cavity are provided with annular infrared injection devices, the outer side of the north pole is provided with a first infrared collimation light source 14, and the first infrared collimation light source 14 injects infrared rays into the north half cavity through a first light dispersing prism 15 and a first focusing prism 16; a second infrared collimation light source 17 is arranged on the outer side of the south pole, and infrared rays are emitted into the south half cavity by the second infrared collimation light source 17 through a second light scattering prism 18 and a second focusing prism 19; the first infrared collimated light source 14, the second infrared collimated light source 17 and the second computer 20 are connected.
The working principle of the ICF device comprising annular infrared injection is as follows:
the cold energy provided by the low-temperature cold seat 6 is transmitted to the thermodynamic machine structure 1 through the north pole cold arm 2 and the south pole cold arm 3 to provide the cold energy for the thermodynamic machine structure 1; the temperature of the north pole cold arm 2 and the south pole cold arm 3 is controlled through the first heating block 4 and the second heating block 5 respectively, and temperature control is achieved. The first heating ring belt 7 and the second heating ring belt 8 are controlled by a computer 13 and matched with the first heating block 4 and the second heating block 5 to realize temperature regulation and control of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1. The LED collimation light source 11 and the CCD camera 12 can realize the real-time monitoring of the morphology of the ice layer in the target pellet by means of backlight imaging; the collimated infrared light emitted by the first infrared collimation light source 14 and the second infrared collimation light source 17 passes through the first light scattering prism 15, the second light scattering prism 18, the first focusing prism 16 and the second focusing prism 19 and then is projected to the inner surface of the thermodynamic mechanical structure 1, and then is uniformly irradiated on the outer surface of the target pill through the surface reflection effect, and the heat is absorbed by the hydrocarbon polymer target shell 9 and the fuel ice layer 10 to generate the self-homogenizing effect.
A method of temperature control using an ICF device including annular infrared injection, comprising the steps of:
1) after the target pellets are filled with fuel gas, the temperature is rapidly reduced, the fuel gas in the target pellets is gradually liquefied and then solidified, and under the action of gravity, crescent fuel ice layer profile distribution with thick south pole and extremely thin north pole is formed;
2) the second heating block 5 starts to work, the temperature of the south pole cold arm 3 is gradually increased at the moment, the temperature of the south pole of the thermomechanical structure 1 is increased, further, the temperature of the south pole area of the target pill is increased, the fuel ice layer in the target pill is heated and begins to sublimate, the fuel ice layer in the target pill is sublimated in the equator and north pole areas of the target pill due to the fact that the temperature of the equator and north pole areas of the target pill is lower than the temperature of the south pole of the target pill, the process enables the ice layer of the south pole area of the fuel ice layer in the target pill to be gradually thinned, and the equator and north pole areas to be gradually thickened;
3) observing the thickness distribution condition of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet through the CCD camera 12, when the thicknesses of the fuel ice layers in the south and north polar regions in the target pellet are consistent, starting the first heating block 4 to work, and the heating power is equal to that of the second heating block 5, and observing the migration behavior of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet to stop through the CCD camera 12;
4) the first heating ring zone 7 and the second heating ring zone 8 start to work, the power of the first heating ring zone 7 and the power of the second heating ring zone 8 are gradually increased, the temperature of the equator area of the target pellet starts to be raised, the CCD camera 12 observes that the fuel ice layer of the equator area in the target pellet starts to migrate to the north and south poles, and the power of the first heating ring zone 7 and the power of the second heating ring zone 8 are controlled until the thickness of the fuel ice layer of the equator area in the target pellet is equal to that of the fuel ice layers of the north and south poles;
5) the first infrared collimation light source 14 and the second infrared collimation light source 17 start to work, the fuel ice layer in the target pellet absorbs heat under the action of uniform infrared radiation, and the region with the thick fuel ice layer absorbs heat and has high temperature, so that the sublimation effect is generated; the thin area of the fuel ice layer absorbs little heat and has low temperature, the de-sublimation occurs, and the fuel ice layer in the target pellets begins to generate self-homogenization, thereby preparing the fuel ice layer meeting the ignition condition.
Claims (2)
1. An ICF device containing annular infrared injection comprises a thermal mechanical structure (1), wherein a target pellet is fixed at the center of the thermal mechanical structure (1), and the target pellet comprises a hydrocarbon polymer target shell (9), a fuel ice layer (10) and a fuel gas cavity from outside to inside; the method is characterized in that: the two sides of the south-north half cavity of the thermodynamic mechanical structure (1) are respectively provided with a cold ring which is in contact with one end of a north pole cold arm (2) and one end of a south pole cold arm (3), the other ends of the north pole cold arm (2) and the south pole cold arm (3) are connected with a low-temperature cold seat (6), the north pole cold arm (2) is provided with a first heating block (4), the south pole cold arm (3) is provided with a second heating block (5), and the first heating block (4) and the second heating block (5) are connected with a first computer (13);
the outer surface of a north half cavity of the thermodynamic mechanical structure (1) is provided with a first heating ring belt (7), the outer surface of a south half cavity is provided with a second heating ring belt (8), and the first heating ring belt (7) and the second heating ring belt (8) are connected with a first computer (13);
symmetrical observation holes are formed in two sides of the equator area of the thermodynamic mechanical structure (1) and are sealed by aluminum-plated PI films; an LED collimated light source (11) and a CCD camera (12) are respectively arranged outside the observation hole, the LED collimated light source (11) is connected with a second computer (20), and the CCD camera (12) is connected with a first computer (13);
the two poles of the south and north half cavities of the thermodynamic mechanical structure (1) are provided with laser incident ports and are sealed by aluminum-plated PI films; the outer sides of the two poles of the north-south half cavity are provided with annular infrared injection devices, the outer side of the north pole is provided with a first infrared collimation light source (14), and the first infrared collimation light source (14) emits infrared rays into the north half cavity through a first light scattering prism (15) and a first focusing prism (16); a second infrared collimation light source (17) is arranged on the outer side of the south pole, and the second infrared collimation light source (17) emits infrared rays into the south half cavity through a second light scattering prism (18) and a second focusing prism (19); the first infrared collimation light source (14), the second infrared collimation light source (17) and the second computer (20) are connected.
2. A method of temperature control using an ICF device incorporating annular infrared injection as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) after the target pellets are filled with fuel gas, the temperature is rapidly reduced to form crescent fuel ice layer profile distribution with thick south pole and extremely thin north pole;
2) the second heating block (5) starts to work, and the temperature of the south pole cold arm (3) is gradually increased at the moment, so that the temperature of the south pole of the thermomechanical structure (1) is increased, the ice layer of the south pole area of the fuel ice layer in the target pill is gradually thinned, and the areas of the equator and the north pole are gradually thickened;
3) observing the thickness distribution condition of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet through a CCD camera (12), when the thicknesses of the fuel ice layers in the south-north dipolar areas in the target pellet are consistent, starting the first heating block (4) to work, and the heating power is equal to that of the second heating block (5), and observing the migration behavior of the fuel ice layer in the target pellet to stop through the CCD camera (12);
4) the first heating ring belt (7) and the second heating ring belt (8) start to work, the power of the first heating ring belt (7) and the power of the second heating ring belt (8) are gradually increased, the temperature of the equator area of the target pellet starts to be raised, the fuel ice layer of the equator area in the target pellet starts to migrate to the north and south poles through the observation of a CCD camera (12), and the power of the first heating ring belt (7) and the power of the second heating ring belt (8) are controlled until the thickness of the fuel ice layer of the equator area in the target pellet is equal to that of the fuel ice layers of the north and south poles;
5) the first infrared collimation light source (14) and the second infrared collimation light source (17) start to work, and the fuel ice layer in the target pellet absorbs heat under the action of uniform infrared radiation to generate sublimation; the thin area of the fuel ice layer absorbs little heat and has low temperature, the de-sublimation occurs, and the fuel ice layer in the target pellets begins to generate self-homogenization, thereby preparing the fuel ice layer meeting the ignition condition.
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