CN113175378A - Control method and system of variable supercharger in automobile engine and automobile - Google Patents
Control method and system of variable supercharger in automobile engine and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175378A CN113175378A CN202011454033.5A CN202011454033A CN113175378A CN 113175378 A CN113175378 A CN 113175378A CN 202011454033 A CN202011454033 A CN 202011454033A CN 113175378 A CN113175378 A CN 113175378A
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- nozzle ring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/24—Control of the pumps by using pumps or turbines with adjustable guide vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D23/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supercharged
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a control method and a system of a variable supercharger in an automobile engine and an automobile, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: judging the operating condition of the engine according to the operating condition parameters of the engine; when the operation condition of the engine is a steady-state condition, obtaining a steady-state torque demand according to the condition parameters, inquiring an opening map of a nozzle ring of the supercharger according to the steady-state torque demand, and controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger according to an inquiry result; or when the running state of the engine is a transient working condition, acquiring an acceleration torque demand according to working condition parameters, and controlling the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to switch according to the acceleration torque demand and a variable supercharger control strategy. The invention also provides a control system of the variable supercharger in the automobile engine, and the control method and the control system provided by the invention can improve the economy of the engine, improve the acceleration loading capability of the engine under the transient working condition, and improve the transient response, and also provide an automobile comprising the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile control, in particular to a control method and a control system of a variable supercharger and an automobile comprising the control system.
Background
Turbocharging is one of the important technical means for increasing the power of an engine and meeting increasingly strict emission regulations, and as the power requirement of an automobile is increased, the technology of a supercharger is also optimized and upgraded synchronously. The conventional wastegate supercharger (WG) has a fixed turbine passage area, controls the boost pressure by controlling the opening and closing of the wastegate valve, and has to compromise the performance at low speed torque and power point because the flow characteristics of the supercharger are determined by geometry and design.
Aiming at the problems, a variable supercharger (VGT) developed on the basis of WG can change the rotating speed of the supercharger and adjust the pressure ratio and the flow rate of a gas compressor by adjusting the stress area of a nozzle blade, so that the matching requirement under all working conditions is met. When the exhaust flow is low and the rotation speed is low, the angle of the nozzle blade is reduced to accelerate the airflow speed of the turbine flow channel so as to drive the rotation speed of the turbine, and the corresponding high rotation speed load is increased to reduce the exhaust back pressure, so that the effect of large turbocharging is achieved.
However, for different load conditions, the VGT needs to adjust the opening degree of the corresponding nozzle vane in time to realize the target boost pressure, and compared with the traditional WG, the VGT is more finely and complexly controlled. In the process of accelerating and loading an existing engine carrying a VGT, a control method of the VGT generally comprises the steps of instantly closing the engine to a very small opening degree and then transitioning to a target opening degree, so that a large back pressure and a pumping loss are generated in the process of switching the VGT, the air charging efficiency of the engine is reduced, meanwhile, a large amount of internal Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) remains in a cylinder, the combustion quality of the engine is influenced, and the torque establishment in the process of transient accelerating and loading the engine is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing VGT control method reduces the air charging efficiency of an engine in the process of accelerating and loading the engine, and residual EGR influences the torque establishment in the process of transient accelerating and loading the engine. The variable supercharger control method and system can improve the economy of the engine, improve the acceleration loading capacity of the engine under the transient working condition and improve the transient response.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for controlling a variable supercharger in an automobile engine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting working condition parameters of the automobile engine;
s2, judging the operation condition of the engine according to the condition parameters;
s3: calibrating a supercharger nozzle ring opening map of the variable supercharger according to the load characteristic of the engine, and calibrating a variable supercharger control strategy according to the supercharger nozzle ring opening map;
s4: controlling the opening of a nozzle ring of the variable-section supercharger according to the judged operating condition of the engine; wherein
When the operating condition of the engine is a steady-state condition, obtaining a steady-state torque requirement according to the operating condition parameters, and controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger according to the steady-state torque requirement; or
When the running state of the engine is a transient working condition, the acceleration torque demand is obtained according to working condition parameters, and the opening degree switching of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled according to the acceleration torque demand and a variable supercharger control strategy.
By adopting the scheme, the running working condition of the engine is judged according to the running state of the vehicle engine, and when the engine is in a steady working condition, the opening change of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled according to the torque demand of the engine, so that the economical efficiency of the engine is improved; when the engine is in the transient working condition, the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled by using the calibrated variable supercharger according to the torque requirement, so that the torque is established in the acceleration loading process of the vehicle, the acceleration loading capacity of the engine under the transient working condition is improved, and the transient responsiveness is improved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the control method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the step of calibrating the opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in step S3 includes:
s301: selecting a plurality of working condition points in an engine rotating speed range and a load bearing range;
s302: scanning the load bearing characteristics of each working condition point at different engine rotating speeds;
firstly, the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is kept fully opened, and the opening degree of a throttle valve of an automobile is adjusted to meet the load characteristic; when the throttle valve is fully opened, the opening degree of a nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is adjusted to meet the load characteristic until the whole load range is covered;
s303: and fitting the scanning results of the multiple working condition points to obtain a supercharger nozzle ring opening map.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a control method, wherein the opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger includes at least two characteristic regions, and the at least two characteristic regions include:
the nozzle ring is in a full-opening area, and the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is 100% in the full-opening area of the nozzle ring;
the nozzle ring part is opened the region, and the booster nozzle ring aperture is less than 100% in the nozzle ring part is opened the region.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a control method, the nozzle ring portion opening region including:
partially opening the first area, wherein the opening degree of a nozzle ring of the supercharger is less than 100% and is more than or equal to 70%;
and partially opening the second area, wherein the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is less than 70 percent in the partially opened second area.
According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the control method disclosed in the embodiment of the invention, wherein the step S3 of calibrating the variable supercharger control strategy comprises calibrating a switching path from an initial opening to a target opening of the supercharger nozzle ring under a transient operating condition; the method comprises the following steps:
s304: selecting a plurality of working condition points in an opening area of the nozzle ring part, and carrying out combined scanning on the opening degree of a throttle valve and the opening degree of a variable supercharger nozzle ring of each working condition point according to uniform engine rotating speed and load bearing interval;
s305: carrying out function fitting on the opening degrees of the variable supercharger nozzle rings at a plurality of working condition points and the inflating efficiency of the engine, and deriving the fitting function to obtain a slope curve function related to the inflating efficiency;
s306: substituting the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger into a slope curve function to obtain a slope curve of the charging efficiency of the engine, obtaining an inflection point of the sudden decrease of the charging efficiency, and setting the inflection point as a switching control point of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger;
s307: fitting and calibrating a switching path according to the switching control point; wherein
When the acceleration torque demand is in the full-opening area of the nozzle ring, the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is kept at 100 percent full-opening;
when the acceleration torque demand is in the opening area of the nozzle ring part, the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is directly changed from the initial opening linear process to the target opening, and the transition time is determined according to the speed change torque demand;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the full nozzle ring opening area to the partially open nozzle ring area, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the control point at time T1, after the control point is maintained for time T2, and then transitions to the final opening at time T3.
By adopting the scheme, the control strategy of the variable supercharger is calibrated, and when the engine is in a transient working condition, the torque and the acceleration time in the transient response process of the engine are obviously improved by utilizing the switching path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in the transient working condition so as to obviously improve the acceleration loading capacity of the engine.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S305, the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is scanned at intervals of 3-8% in the range of 9% -100% opening while maintaining the load-bearing capacity, and the opening of the throttle valve is synchronously adjusted.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the control method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, in step S308, the control points include a first control point and a second control point; the first control point is an inflection point located at the boundary of the full opening area of the nozzle ring and the opening area of the nozzle ring part, and the second control point is an inflection point located in the opening area of the nozzle ring part; the T1 times include the T11 time and the T12 time;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the full nozzle ring opening area to the partially open nozzle ring area, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from an initial opening to a first control point at time T11, then to a second control point at time T12, and then to a final opening at time T3 after the second control point is maintained at time T2.
By adopting the scheme, the torque establishment in the transient response process can be obviously improved, and the acceleration performance of the whole vehicle is improved. The invention also provides a control system of the variable supercharger in the automobile engine, which comprises a working condition acquisition device and a control device; the working condition acquisition device is used for acquiring working condition parameters of the engine; the control device includes:
the acquisition unit is connected with the working condition acquisition device and used for acquiring the working condition parameters transmitted by the working condition acquisition device;
the judging unit is used for judging the operation condition of the engine according to the working condition parameters;
the first calibration unit is used for calibrating an opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger according to the load characteristic of the engine;
the second calibration unit is used for calibrating a variable supercharger control strategy according to the opening icon of the nozzle ring of the supercharger;
the first control unit is used for controlling the opening of the variable supercharger nozzle ring according to the steady-state torque demand and the supercharger nozzle ring opening map when the operation working condition of the engine is a steady-state working condition;
and the second control unit is used for controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to be switched according to the acceleration torque demand and the variable supercharger control strategy when the operation condition of the engine is a transient condition.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed, wherein the first calibration unit includes:
the selection module is used for selecting a plurality of working condition points in an engine rotating speed range and a load bearing range;
the first scanning module is used for scanning the load bearing characteristics of each working condition point at different engine rotating speeds;
the first fitting module is used for keeping the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger fully open and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve to meet the load characteristic; after the throttle valve is fully opened, adjusting the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to meet the load characteristic until the whole load range is covered, and fitting to obtain a supercharger nozzle ring opening map; wherein
The booster nozzle ring aperture map includes at least two characteristic regions, and at least two characteristic regions include:
the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in the full-open area of the nozzle ring is 100 percent;
the opening area of the nozzle ring part is smaller than 100 percent.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed, wherein the second calibration unit includes:
the second scanning module is used for performing combined scanning on the opening degree of the throttle valve and the opening degree of the variable supercharger nozzle ring on the working point in the area B according to uniform engine rotating speed and load bearing interval;
the second fitting module is used for performing function fitting on the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger and the inflating efficiency of the engine and deriving a fitting function to obtain an inflating efficiency slope curve function; substituting the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger into a slope curve function to obtain a slope curve of the charging efficiency of the engine, wherein the inflection point of the sharp drop of the charging efficiency is a switching control point of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger; and fitting a switching path, wherein
When the acceleration torque demand is in the full-opening area of the nozzle ring, the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is kept at 100 percent full-opening;
when the acceleration torque demand is in the opening area of the nozzle ring part, the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is directly changed from the initial opening linear process to the target opening, and the transition time is determined according to the speed change torque demand;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the full nozzle ring opening area to the partially open nozzle ring area, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the control point at time T1, after the control point is maintained for time T2, and then transitions to the final opening at time T3.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the control system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the control device is an ECU.
The invention also provides an automobile which comprises an engine, wherein the engine is provided with the variable supercharger, and the automobile also comprises the control system provided by the invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the control method of the variable supercharger in the automobile engine provided by the invention judges the operation condition of the engine according to the operation state of the automobile engine, and when the engine is in a steady state condition, the opening degree of a nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled to change according to the torque demand of the engine, so that the economical efficiency of the engine is improved; when the engine is in a transient working condition, the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled by utilizing the calibrated variable supercharger according to the torque requirement, so that the torque is established in the acceleration loading process of the vehicle, the acceleration loading capacity of the engine under the transient working condition is improved, and the transient response is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of a variable supercharger in an automobile engine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of steps of a method for controlling a variable supercharger in an automobile engine according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention to calibrate a nozzle ring opening of the supercharger;
FIG. 3 is a characteristic area partition of an opening map of a nozzle ring of the supercharger in the embodiment 1 of the invention;
fig. 4 is a point distribution diagram of combined scanning performed on each operating point in step S304 when the switching path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is calibrated under the transient operating condition in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph of a curve of opening degree of a nozzle ring of a supercharger and charging efficiency of an engine at a first control point in step S305 when a switching path from an initial opening degree to a target opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is calibrated under a transient operating condition in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a slope curve graph of the charging efficiency of the second control point in step S305 when the switching path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is calibrated under the transient operating condition in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph of curves of opening degree of a nozzle ring of a supercharger and charging efficiency of an engine at a first control point in step S305 when a switching path from an initial opening degree to a target opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is calibrated under transient operating conditions in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of a slope curve of the charging efficiency at the second control point in step S305 when the switching path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is calibrated under the transient operating condition in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a switching path obtained in step S307 when the switching path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is calibrated under the transient operating condition in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a comparison graph of the switching paths of the control method of the variable supercharger according to embodiment 1 of the present invention and the comparative example;
FIG. 11 is a graph comparing a transient response process torque profile of a control method of a variable supercharger according to embodiment 1 of the present invention and a comparative example;
fig. 12 is a block diagram showing a control system of a variable supercharger according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100: a working condition acquisition device;
200: a control device;
210: an acquisition unit;
220: a judgment unit;
230: a first calibration unit;
240: a second calibration unit;
250: a first control unit;
260: a second control unit.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", and the like refer to the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship that the product of the present invention is usually placed in when used, and are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be further noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present embodiment can be understood in specific cases to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a control method of a variable supercharger in an automobile engine, as shown in figure 1, the steps comprise:
s1, collecting working condition parameters of the automobile engine;
the method comprises the steps of acquiring current working condition parameters of an engine by using acquisition devices such as a sensor, wherein the working condition parameters comprise the rotating speed of the engine, the position of an accelerator pedal, the speed of the vehicle, the opening degree of an accelerator acceleration throttle valve, the opening degree of a supercharger nozzle ring and the like.
S2, judging the operation condition of the engine according to the condition parameters;
and the control devices such as the automobile electronic control unit and the like receive the working condition parameter signals transmitted by the acquisition device and operate the engine according to the working condition parameters of the operation of the engine. The running state of the engine is divided into two conditions, wherein one condition is a steady-state working condition, the position of an accelerator pedal, the opening of a throttle valve and the opening of a nozzle ring of a supercharger are basically unchanged, the performance of the engine is basically unchanged, and the automobile runs at a constant speed; the other is a transient working condition, the change of the engine speed, the accelerator pedal position and the like is large, the load demand of the engine is increased, and the automobile runs in the states of acceleration, climbing, overtaking and the like.
S3: calibrating a supercharger nozzle ring opening map of the variable supercharger according to the load characteristic of the engine, and calibrating a variable supercharger control strategy according to the supercharger nozzle ring opening map;
specifically, a supercharger nozzle ring opening map of the variable supercharger is calibrated according to the variation relation of performance indexes of the engine with loads such as throttle valve opening and supercharger nozzle ring opening when the engine load characteristic, namely the rotating speed of the engine is not changed; and then, a variable supercharger control strategy is defined according to the opening icon of the nozzle ring of the supercharger obtained through calibration, wherein the control strategy specifically comprises a supercharger nozzle ring opening switching path and the like.
S4: controlling the opening of a nozzle ring of the variable-section supercharger according to the judged operating condition of the engine; wherein
When the engine operating condition is a steady-state condition, a steady-state torque demand value is obtained through calculation according to working condition parameters such as the position of an accelerator pedal and the rotating speed, and the opening degree of a nozzle ring of the supercharger is controlled according to the steady-state torque demand so as to meet the target torque demand.
Or when the running state of the engine is a transient working condition, acquiring an acceleration torque demand according to working condition parameters, and controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to be switched according to the acceleration torque demand and a variable supercharger control strategy so as to achieve the target torque demand.
By adopting the scheme, the running working condition of the engine is judged according to the running state of the vehicle engine, and when the engine is in a steady working condition, the opening change of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled according to the torque demand of the engine, so that the economical efficiency of the engine is improved; when the engine is in the transient working condition, the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is controlled by using the calibrated variable supercharger according to the torque requirement, so that the torque is established in the acceleration loading process of the vehicle, the acceleration loading capacity of the engine under the transient working condition is improved, and the transient responsiveness is improved.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the step of calibrating the opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in step S3 includes:
s301: selecting a plurality of working condition points in an engine rotating speed range and a load bearing range;
specifically, the operating points may be selected based on actual operating performance of the engine, and the operating points are distributed evenly in the engine map according to engine speed and load bearing intervals.
S302: scanning the load bearing characteristics of each working condition point at different engine rotating speeds;
firstly, the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is kept fully opened, and the opening degree of a throttle valve of an automobile is adjusted to meet the load characteristic; after the throttle valve is fully opened, the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is adjusted to meet the load characteristic, namely the torque demand, until the whole load range is covered.
Specifically, according to calibrated main control parameters, the rail pressure, the oil injection time and the air intake and exhaust timing of the engine are fixed, the ignition angle is controlled to be close to CA50 (fifty percent heat release rate) under a medium-small load working condition and is controlled to be on a detonation boundary under a large load working condition, wherein the air-fuel ratio Lambda is controlled according to the exhaust temperature of the engine, when the exhaust temperature is not over-limit, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to be equal to 1, when the exhaust temperature is over-limit, the air-fuel ratio is adjusted to control the exhaust temperature to be within a limit value, the nozzle ring of the supercharger is fully opened within a medium-small load range, the load characteristic is met by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve, the engine is ensured to obtain smaller pumping loss under a steady-state working condition, and accordingly better oil consumption is obtained; in a medium and large load area, when the throttle valve cannot meet the load characteristic after being fully opened, the utilization efficiency of the engine waste gas energy is improved by adjusting the opening of the nozzle ring, so that the air inlet flow of the engine and the pressure of an air inlet manifold are increased, the load characteristic requirement of the engine is met, the pump gas loss and internal EGR of the engine are reduced by increasing the pressure difference between the pressure of the air inlet manifold and the pressure before the vortex of the supercharger, the engine explosion tendency is improved, and better steady-state oil consumption is obtained. S303: and fitting the scanning results of the plurality of working condition points to obtain a supercharger nozzle ring opening degree diagram.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the booster nozzle ring opening map comprises at least two characteristic areas according to the intervention degree of the booster nozzle ring opening, wherein the at least two characteristic areas comprise:
a nozzle ring full-open area, specifically, an area a in fig. 3, wherein the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is 100% in the nozzle ring full-open area;
the opening area of the nozzle ring part, specifically, the area B1 and the area B2 in FIG. 4, the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is less than 100 percent in the opening area of the nozzle ring part.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the nozzle ring portion open area comprises:
partially opening a first area, specifically, a B1 area in fig. 4, wherein the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is less than 100% and greater than or equal to 70%;
and partially opening a second area, specifically the area B2 in fig. 4, wherein the opening degree of the supercharger nozzle ring is less than 70%.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the step of calibrating the variable supercharger control strategy in S3 includes calibrating a switching path of the supercharger nozzle ring from an initial opening to a target opening under transient operating conditions; the method comprises the following steps:
s304: selecting a plurality of working condition points in the opening area of the nozzle ring part, and carrying out combined scanning on the opening degree of a throttle valve and the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger according to uniform engine rotating speed and load bearing interval; the point distribution may be embodied as shown in fig. 4.
Specifically, according to calibrated main control parameters, the rail pressure, the oil injection time and the air inlet and exhaust timing of the engine are fixed, the ignition angle is controlled to be close to 8CA under the medium and small load working conditions, the ignition angle is controlled to be on the detonation boundary under the large load working conditions, the air-fuel ratio Lambda is controlled according to the exhaust temperature of the engine, the air-fuel ratio is controlled to be equal to 1 when the exhaust temperature is not over limit, the air-fuel ratio is adjusted to control the exhaust temperature to be within the limit value when the exhaust temperature is over limit, the combined scanning of the opening of a throttle valve and the opening of a nozzle ring of a variable supercharger is carried out according to the working conditions shown in figure 4, the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is scanned within the range of 9-100% opening at intervals of 3-8%, the opening of the throttle valve is synchronously adjusted to keep the load bearing unchanged, the data of the opening of the nozzle ring of the different superchargers and the charging efficiency of the engine under each working condition are obtained, the preswirl pressure and the pressure of the intake manifold are different pressures under the condition of the unchanged, as the opening degree of a nozzle ring of the supercharger is gradually reduced, the pressure of an intake manifold is gradually reduced, and the pressure of the front vortex of the supercharger is gradually increased, in order to obtain better transient response in the transient response process, on one hand, the higher pressure of the intake manifold is expected to be quickly established so as to obtain more air inflow, and on the other hand, the lower pressure reduction of the front vortex is expected to be obtainedThe engine has better dynamic property and combustion due to pumping loss and residual waste gas in a cylinder, and the optimal opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is obtained through scanning the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger to balance the pressure of an intake manifold and the pressure before a vortex, so that the optimal transient response process is obtained. S305: obtaining a curve of the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger and the inflating efficiency of the engine according to the scanning result, carrying out function fitting on the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger and the inflating efficiency of the engine at a plurality of working points, and obtaining a function curve R2Preferably greater than 95%, and deriving the fitted function to obtain a slope curve relating to inflation efficiency.
Specifically, polynomial function fitting can be performed on the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger and the inflation efficiency at each working point through Matlab software to obtain a functional relation between the inflation efficiency of the engine and the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger, the square value of a fitted function curve R is required to be larger than 95%, namely the fitted function has sufficient interpretation capacity on a relation curve between the inflation efficiency and the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger, wherein the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is independent variable, and the inflation efficiency of the engine is dependent variable.
S306: and substituting the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger into a slope curve function to obtain a slope curve of the charging efficiency of the engine, obtaining an inflection point of the sudden decrease of the charging efficiency, and setting the inflection point as a switching control point of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger.
S307: fitting and calibrating a switching path according to the switching control point; wherein
When the acceleration torque is required in the full-open area of the nozzle ring, the economical efficiency of the engine is considered, the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is kept at 100% full-open, the transient response is improved, and the oil consumption of the engine is reduced;
when the acceleration torque demand is in the opening area of the nozzle ring part, the throttle valve is in a full opening state, the engine load is completely determined by the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger, the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger can be changed from the initial opening linear process to the target opening, and the transition time is determined according to the speed change torque demand;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the full nozzle ring opening area to the partially open nozzle ring area, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the control point at time T1, after the control point is maintained for time T2, and then transitions to the final opening at time T3.
By adopting the scheme, the control strategy of the variable supercharger is calibrated, and when the engine is in a transient working condition, the torque and the acceleration time in the transient response process of the engine are obviously improved by utilizing the switching path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in the transient working condition so as to obviously improve the acceleration loading capacity of the engine.
According to another embodiment of the invention, in step S305, under the condition of keeping the load-bearing constant, the opening of the nozzle ring of the booster is scanned within the range of 9% -100% at intervals of 3-8%, and the opening of the throttle valve is synchronously adjusted; more specifically, the booster nozzle ring opening may be swept from a range of 15-70% opening at 5% intervals.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, in step S307, the control points include a first control point and a second control point; the first control point is an inflection point located at the boundary of the full-opening area of the nozzle ring and the opening area of the nozzle ring part, and the second control point is an inflection point located at the boundary of the opening area of the nozzle ring part, wherein the inflation efficiency of the engine starts to remarkably decrease; the T1 times include the T11 time and the T12 time;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the full nozzle ring opening area to the partially open nozzle ring area, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from an initial opening to a first control point at time T11, then to a second control point at time T12, and then to a final opening at time T3 after the second control point is maintained at time T2.
The following specifically exemplifies the method for switching the path from the initial opening to the target opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger when the transient operating condition is specified in step S3: wherein the nozzle ring full open area (region a) is acceleratedly loaded to the nozzle ring portion open second area (region B2) as shown in fig. 4 from condition 1 to condition 2. Firstly, scanning the opening degree of a nozzle ring of a variable supercharger at a working condition 1 point in an area A, synchronously controlling the opening degree of a throttle valve, keeping the load unchanged, obtaining a curve of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger and the inflating efficiency of an engine as shown in figure 5, and fitting the function of the inflating efficiency and the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger by a polynomial:
y＝-0.0000000146x4+0.0000038854x3-0.0003746492x2+0.0155893402x+0.4935048217，
R2＝0.9983423214。
as shown in fig. 6, the function is derived to obtain a slope function of the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger and the charging efficiency of the engine, the charging efficiency is significantly reduced after the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is 40%, and the opening of 40% is selected as a first control point of the switching path. As shown in fig. 7, the nozzle ring opening of the supercharger is scanned at the operating condition 2 point in the B2 area according to the same method, and the nozzle ring opening of the supercharger and the charging efficiency function are obtained:
y＝-0.0000002603x4+0.0000398074x3-0.0022429057x2+0.0557650425x+0.3914664681，
R2＝0.9996464544。
as shown in fig. 8, the function is differentiated to obtain an inflation efficiency slope curve, and 25% of the opening degree is selected as the second control point of the switching path.
As shown in fig. 9, the variable supercharger nozzle opening switching path transits the supercharger nozzle opening from the initial opening (point a, 100% opening) to the first control point (point b, 40% opening) at T11 time (0.1s), to the second control point (point b, 25% opening) at T12 time (0.4s), and to the target opening (point d, 53% opening) at T3 time (0.4s) after the second control point is maintained for T2 time (1.6 s).
Taking a control method that a switching path of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is closed to a very small opening degree instantly and then transits to a target opening degree as a comparative example, the present embodiment provides a comparison between the switching path of the control method of the variable supercharger (VGT) and the switching path of the comparative example as shown in fig. 10; for example, as shown in fig. 11, a torque change curve in an acceleration loading process is shown, where the torque demand is 275Nm, the control method of the variable supercharger (VGT) provided by the present embodiment can significantly improve the pressure of the supercharger before vortex, reduce the residual exhaust gas and pumping loss in the cylinder in the transient response process, thereby obtaining superior inflation efficiency and combustion performance, significantly improving the torque build-up in the initial stage of the transient response, increasing the torque of the supercharger in the initial stage of the self-priming section by 20n.m, improving the response time to reach the target torque by 0.3 second, and rapidly improving the acceleration performance of the entire vehicle.
Therefore, the control method of the variable supercharger can remarkably improve the torque establishment in the transient response process and improve the acceleration performance of the whole vehicle.
Example 2
The present invention also provides a control system of a variable supercharger in an automobile engine, as shown in fig. 12, comprising a working condition acquisition device 100 and a control device 200; the working condition acquisition device can be specifically a rotating speed sensor, an accelerator position sensor, a pressure sensor and the like arranged on the periphery of the vehicle body and the engine and used for acquiring working condition parameters of the engine, and acquiring working condition parameters of the engine, such as rotating speed, accelerator acceleration, throttle opening, supercharger nozzle ring opening and the like.
The control device 100 includes:
the obtaining unit 210 is connected to the working condition collecting device 100, and is configured to obtain the working condition parameters transmitted by the working condition collecting device 100;
the judging unit 220 is configured to judge an engine operating condition, that is, a steady-state condition or a transient condition, according to the operating condition parameter;
a first calibration unit 230 for calibrating a supercharger nozzle ring opening map according to engine load characteristics;
the second calibration unit 240 is used for calibrating the control strategy of the variable supercharger according to the opening icon of the nozzle ring of the supercharger;
the first control unit 250 is used for controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger according to the steady-state torque demand and the opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger when the running working condition of the engine is the steady-state working condition;
and the second control unit 260 is used for controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to be switched according to the acceleration torque demand and the variable supercharger control strategy when the engine operation condition is a transient condition.
Specifically, the control unit may be a separate controller, or may be integrated into an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of a vehicle, etc., and has a signal transmission function, a data storage function, a stored preset program, and a calculation function for performing calculation according to the preset program. The control system executes the control method of the variable supercharger in the automobile engine of embodiment 1.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first calibration unit comprises:
the selection module is used for selecting a plurality of working condition points in an engine rotating speed range and a load bearing range;
the first scanning module is used for scanning the load bearing characteristics of each working condition point at different engine rotating speeds;
the first fitting module is used for keeping the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger fully open and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve to meet the load characteristic; after the throttle valve is fully opened, adjusting the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to meet the load characteristic until the whole load range is covered, and fitting to obtain a supercharger nozzle ring opening map; wherein
The booster nozzle ring aperture map includes at least two characteristic regions, and at least two characteristic regions include:
the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in the full-open area of the nozzle ring is 100 percent;
the opening area of the nozzle ring part is smaller than 100 percent.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the second calibration unit comprises:
the second scanning module is used for performing combined scanning on the opening degree of the throttle valve and the opening degree of the variable supercharger nozzle ring on the working point in the area B according to uniform engine rotating speed and load bearing interval;
the second fitting module is used for performing function fitting on the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger and the inflating efficiency of the engine and deriving a fitting function to obtain an inflating efficiency slope curve function; substituting the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger into a slope curve function to obtain a slope curve of the charging efficiency of the engine, wherein the inflection point of the sharp drop of the charging efficiency is a switching control point of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger; and fitting a switching path, wherein
When the acceleration torque demand is in the full-opening area of the nozzle ring, the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is kept at 100 percent full-opening;
when the acceleration torque demand is in the opening area of the nozzle ring part, the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger is directly changed from the initial opening linear process to the target opening, and the transition time is determined according to the speed change torque demand;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the full nozzle ring opening area to the partially open nozzle ring area, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the control point at time T1, after the control point is maintained for time T2, and then transitions to the final opening at time T3.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the control device is an ECU.
Example 3
The invention also provides an automobile, wherein the engine is provided with the variable supercharger, the control system of the variable supercharger in the automobile engine is also included as in embodiment 2, and the control method of the variable supercharger in the automobile engine in embodiment 1 is executed.
While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is a more particular description of the invention, and the invention is not to be considered as limited to such descriptions. Various changes in form and detail, including simple deductions or substitutions, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A control method of a variable supercharger in an automobile engine, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, collecting working condition parameters of the automobile engine;
s2, judging the running condition of the engine according to the working condition parameters;
s3: calibrating a supercharger nozzle ring opening map of the variable supercharger according to the load characteristic of the engine, and calibrating a variable supercharger control strategy according to the supercharger nozzle ring opening map;
s4: controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable-section supercharger according to the judged operating condition of the engine; wherein
When the engine operating condition is a steady-state condition, obtaining a steady-state torque demand according to the condition parameters, and controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger according to the steady-state torque demand; or
And when the running state of the engine is a transient working condition, acquiring an acceleration torque demand according to the working condition parameters, and controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to be switched according to the acceleration torque demand and the variable supercharger control strategy.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calibrating the supercharger nozzle ring opening map in step S3 includes:
s301: selecting a plurality of working condition points in an engine rotating speed range and a load bearing range;
s302: scanning the load bearing characteristics of each working condition point at different engine rotating speeds;
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, keeping the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger fully opened, and adjusting the opening degree of a throttle valve of an automobile to meet load characteristics; when the throttle valve is fully opened, adjusting the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to meet the load characteristic until the whole load range is covered;
s303: and fitting the scanning results of the working condition points to obtain the opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger.
3. The control method of claim 2, wherein the booster nozzle ring opening map comprises at least two feature areas, the at least two feature areas comprising:
the nozzle ring is in a full-open area, and the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is 100% in the full-open area of the nozzle ring;
a nozzle ring portion open area, wherein the supercharger nozzle ring opening is less than 100% within the nozzle ring portion open area.
4. The control method of claim 3, wherein the nozzle ring portion open area comprises:
partially opening a first area, wherein the opening degree of a nozzle ring of the supercharger is less than 100% and more than or equal to 70% in the partially opened first area;
and partially opening the second area, wherein the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is less than 70 percent in the partially opened second area.
5. The control method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the step S3 of calibrating the variable supercharger control strategy comprises calibrating a switching path of the supercharger nozzle ring from an initial opening to a target opening under a transient operating condition; the method comprises the following steps:
s304: selecting a plurality of working condition points in the opening area of the nozzle ring part, and carrying out combined scanning on the throttle opening and the opening of the variable supercharger nozzle ring of each working condition point according to uniform engine speed and load bearing interval;
s305: carrying out function fitting on the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger and the inflating efficiency of the engine at the plurality of working condition points, and deriving the fitting function to obtain a slope curve function related to the inflating efficiency;
s306: substituting the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger into the slope curve function to obtain a slope curve of the charging efficiency of the engine, obtaining an inflection point of the sharp drop of the charging efficiency, and setting the inflection point as a switching control point of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger;
s307: fitting and calibrating the switching path according to the switching control point; wherein
When the acceleration torque demand is within the nozzle ring fully-open region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring is held 100% fully-open;
when the acceleration torque demand is in the nozzle ring portion opening region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening is directly linearly processed from the initial opening to the target opening, and the transition time is determined according to the speed change torque demand;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the nozzle ring fully open region to the nozzle ring partially open region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the control point at time T1, after the control point is maintained for time T2, and then transitions to the final opening at time T3.
6. The control method according to claim 5, wherein in step S305, the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the supercharger is scanned at intervals of 3% -8% in a range of 9% -100% opening degree while keeping the load bearing constant, and the opening degree of the throttle valve is synchronously adjusted.
7. The control method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S308, the control points include a first control point and a second control point; the first control point is an inflection point located at a boundary of the full nozzle ring opening area and the nozzle ring portion opening area, and the second control point is an inflection point located in the nozzle ring portion opening area; the T1 time includes a T11 time and a T12 time;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the nozzle ring fully-open region to the nozzle ring partially-open region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the first control point at time T11, to a second control point at time T12, and to the final opening at time T3 after the second control point is maintained for time T2.
8. A control system of a variable supercharger in an automobile engine is characterized by comprising a working condition acquisition device and a control device; the working condition acquisition device is used for acquiring working condition parameters of the engine; the control device includes:
the acquisition unit is connected with the working condition acquisition device and is used for acquiring the working condition parameters transmitted by the working condition acquisition device;
the judging unit is used for judging the operation condition of the engine according to the working condition parameters;
the first calibration unit is used for calibrating an opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger according to the load characteristic of the engine;
the second calibration unit is used for calibrating a variable supercharger control strategy according to the opening icon of the nozzle ring of the supercharger;
the first control unit is used for controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger according to a steady-state torque demand and the opening map of the nozzle ring of the supercharger when the operation working condition of the engine is a steady-state working condition;
and the second control unit is used for controlling the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to be switched according to the acceleration torque demand and the variable supercharger control strategy when the operation working condition of the engine is a transient working condition.
9. The control system of claim 8,
the first calibration unit includes:
the selection module is used for selecting a plurality of working condition points in an engine rotating speed range and a load bearing range;
the first scanning module is used for scanning the load bearing characteristics of each working condition point at different engine rotating speeds;
the first fitting module is used for keeping the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger fully open and adjusting the opening of a throttle valve to meet the load characteristic; after the throttle valve is fully opened, adjusting the opening of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger to meet the load characteristic until the whole load range is covered, and fitting to obtain a nozzle ring opening map of the supercharger; wherein
The booster nozzle ring aperture map includes at least two feature areas, the at least two feature areas including:
the nozzle ring fully-opened area is provided, and the opening of the nozzle ring of the supercharger in the nozzle ring fully-opened area is 100%;
a nozzle ring portion open area, the supercharger nozzle ring opening of the nozzle ring portion open area being less than 100%.
10. The control system of claim 9,
the second calibration unit comprises:
the second scanning module is used for performing combined scanning on the opening degree of the throttle valve and the opening degree of the variable supercharger nozzle ring on the working condition point of the B area according to uniform engine speed and load bearing interval;
the second fitting module is used for performing function fitting on the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger and the inflating efficiency of the engine and deriving the fitting function to obtain an inflating efficiency slope curve function; substituting the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger into the slope curve function to obtain an engine inflation efficiency slope curve, wherein the inflection point of the sharp drop of the inflation efficiency is a switching control point of the opening degree of the nozzle ring of the variable supercharger; and fitting the switching path, wherein
When the acceleration torque demand is within the nozzle ring fully-open region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring is held 100% fully-open;
when the acceleration torque demand is in the nozzle ring portion opening region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening is directly linearly processed from the initial opening to the target opening, and the transition time is determined according to the speed change torque demand;
when the acceleration torque demand transitions from the nozzle ring fully open region to the nozzle ring partially open region, the variable supercharger nozzle ring opening transitions from the initial opening to the control point at time T1, after the control point is maintained for time T2, and then transitions to the final opening at time T3.
11. The control system according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the control device is an ECU.
12. A motor vehicle comprising an engine in which a variable supercharger is provided, characterised by further comprising a control system according to any one of claims 8 to 11.
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