CN113172713B - Preparation method of bamboo veneer and bamboo glue composite board - Google Patents
Preparation method of bamboo veneer and bamboo glue composite board Download PDFInfo
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- CN113172713B CN113172713B CN202110475503.4A CN202110475503A CN113172713B CN 113172713 B CN113172713 B CN 113172713B CN 202110475503 A CN202110475503 A CN 202110475503A CN 113172713 B CN113172713 B CN 113172713B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/20—Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/06—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
- B27M1/08—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a bamboo veneer and a bamboo glue composite board, which comprises the following steps: s1: treating the bamboo chips with a pretreatment solution; s2: defibering; s3: treating the bamboo chips with an after-treatment liquid; s4: carrying out carbonization treatment after the bamboo chips are subjected to heat treatment; s5: and drying, the bamboo glue composite board provided by the application has good mechanical properties (the density is more than or equal to 1.16, the static bending strength is more than or equal to 273.64MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 26.93GPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 239.90MPa, and the compressive strength is more than or equal to 151.60MPa), and the moisture-proof and water-resistant properties are excellent (the water absorption thickness expansion rate is less than or equal to 0.37%, and the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 0.56).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of a bamboo veneer and a bamboo glue composite board.
Background
Bamboo is a rich forestry resource and is called as the second forest. Chinese bamboo is abundant in resources, and the area of the bamboo forest reaches 484.26 kilohm 2 The method has the advantages of easy culture, fast forestation, capability of being felled in three to five years, capability of replacing wood in a certain scene, and wide application prospect.
The bamboo plywood is a building material which is formed by using a moso bamboo material as a main framework and a filling material and performing high-pressure blank forming. The composite material has wide application, is suitable for horizontal templates, shear walls, vertical wallboards, viaducts, tunnel subways and beam pile templates in house buildings, and is also widely applied to various containers, packing boxes, automobile and train bottom plates, household floors, indoor ceilings, door panels, furniture and the like. However, the mechanical properties of the existing bamboo plywood are low, and in a humid and high-temperature environment, the bamboo wood is degraded and deformed due to water absorption, which is undoubtedly not beneficial to the popularization and application of the bamboo plywood.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a bamboo veneer and a bamboo glue composite board.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a bamboo veneer comprises the following steps:
s1: treating the bamboo chips with a pretreatment solution;
s2: defibering;
s3: treating the bamboo chips with an after-treatment liquid;
s4: carrying out carbonization treatment after the bamboo chips are subjected to heat treatment;
s5: and (5) drying.
Further, the preparation method of the bamboo veneer is as follows;
s1: adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 50-60 deg.C, steaming for 40-60min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, and air drying to water content of 10-16%;
s2: then sending the bamboo chips into a fluffing device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a fluffing roller to enable the bamboo chips to form point-shaped and line-segment-shaped cracks, simultaneously applying acting force in the radial direction to enable the bamboo chips to be flattened and stretched to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, and fluffing for 3-6 times;
s3: adding the bamboo veneer into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 70-80 ℃, cooking for 20-30min, taking out, washing with water to be neutral, and airing until the water content is 7-10%;
s4: placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with the oxygen content of 2-2.5%, heating to 160-180 ℃, treating for 60-90min, cooling to 80-100 ℃, preserving the heat for 40-50min, naturally cooling to room temperature, transferring to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.40-0.60MPa, and the time of the carbonization treatment is 1-2 h;
s5: and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in an oven at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 10-20 h.
Further, the pretreatment solution is a water solution compounded by sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate.
Further, the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 4-6: 5-10: 1.
further, the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
1-2% of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 2-5% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1-1% of microcrystalline paraffin, 1-1.5% of iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, 2-4% of dimethyl fumarate, 0.1-0.2% of triethylamine and the balance of water.
Furthermore, the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 2%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 5%, microcrystalline paraffin 0.5%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1.5%, dimethyl fumarate 2%, triethylamine 0.1%, and the balance of water.
The invention also provides a bamboo glue composite board which is prepared from the bamboo veneer.
Further, the preparation method of the bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
s1: dipping the whole bamboo veneer by using an adhesive, taking out the bamboo veneer, and drying the bamboo veneer at 40-45 ℃ until the water content is 12-15% to obtain a core material;
s2: arranging core materials into a layer in the horizontal direction, arranging the core materials into a layer in the vertical direction, repeating the steps in such a way, arranging 2-5 layers in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank by using an adhesive, raising the temperature to 120-125 ℃ for one section, raising the temperature to 15-25MPa for 20-25min, raising the temperature to 135-140 ℃ for another section, maintaining the temperature and pressure for 5-10min, reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃, releasing the pressure, maintaining the temperature for 30-50min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Further, the adhesive is any one of a phenol resin adhesive, a urea resin adhesive, an epoxy resin adhesive, a vinyl resin adhesive and an alkyd resin adhesive.
Further, the first-stage heating rate in S2 is 10-20 ℃/min, the second-stage heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min, and the cooling rate is 1-5 ℃/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the inventor treats the bamboo with the pretreatment liquid before the bamboo is defibered, the wax layer and the siliceous layer which are difficult to be glued on the surface of the bamboo can be primarily stripped, the adhesive force of the wax layer and the siliceous layer on the surface of the bamboo is reduced, the defibering effect can be further improved, the permeation path of an adhesive is increased, the strength of the bamboo-glue composite board is favorably improved, the saturated steam carbonization treatment mainly aims to improve the size stability and the water resistance and the biological erosion resistance of the bamboo, the aftertreatment liquid is used for soaking, the cell pores can be opened, the permeability of the bamboo can be improved, the carbonization treatment effect can be improved, the carbonization treatment has a plurality of benefits, but the mechanical property of the bamboo can be reduced, and the inventor further researches and discovers that the heat treatment is carried out on the bamboo before the carbonization treatment, the bamboo glue composite board provided by the application has good mechanical properties (the density is more than or equal to 1.16, the static bending strength is more than or equal to 273.64MPa, the elastic modulus is more than or equal to 26.93GPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 239.90MPa, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 151.60MPa), and the moisture-proof and water-resistant properties are excellent (the water absorption thickness expansion rate is less than or equal to 0.37%, and the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 0.56).
Detailed Description
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1:
a method for preparing a bamboo veneer;
adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 50 deg.C, steaming for 50min, taking out, washing with water to neutral, drying to water content of 10%, feeding the bamboo sheet into a defibering device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a defibering roller to make the bamboo sheet form point-shaped and line-shaped cracks, simultaneously, acting force is applied in the radial direction to flatten and extend the bamboo veneer to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, the bamboo veneer is defibered for 5 times and added into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 70 deg.C, steaming for 30min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, air drying to water content of 10%, placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with oxygen content of 2.5%, heating to 180 deg.C, treating for 60min, cooling to 80 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 40min, naturally cooling to room temperature, and transferring the bamboo veneer to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.45MPa, and the time of the carbonization treatment is 1h, and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in a 60 ℃ drying oven for 15 h.
The pretreatment solution is an aqueous solution with the compound mass concentration of sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate being 8%, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 5: 5: 1.
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 2%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 5%, microcrystalline paraffin 0.5%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1.5%, dimethyl fumarate 2%, triethylamine 0.1%, and the balance of water.
A preparation method of a bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
soaking the bamboo single board integrally by using a phenolic resin adhesive for 15min, taking out, drying at 45 ℃ until the water content is 12%, using the bamboo single board as a core material, arranging the core material into a layer in the horizontal direction, arranging the core material into a layer on the upper surface of the bamboo single board in the vertical direction, repeating the steps until 5 layers are arranged in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank respectively by using the phenolic resin adhesive, raising the temperature to 125 ℃ in a first step at a speed of 15 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 135 ℃ in a second step at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the temperature and the pressure for 10min, lowering the temperature to 50 ℃ at a speed of 2 ℃/min, releasing the pressure, preserving the temperature for 30min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 2:
a method for preparing a bamboo veneer;
adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 50 deg.C, steaming for 40min, taking out, washing with water to neutral, drying to water content of 10%, feeding the bamboo sheet into a defibering device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a defibering roller to make the bamboo sheet form point-shaped and line-shaped cracks, simultaneously, acting force is applied in the radial direction to flatten and extend the bamboo veneer to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, the bamboo veneer is defibered for 5 times and added into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 70 deg.C, steaming for 20min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, air drying to water content of 7%, placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with oxygen content of 2%, heating to 160 deg.C, treating for 60min, cooling to 80 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 40min, naturally cooling to room temperature, and transferring the bamboo veneer to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.40MPa, the time of the carbonization treatment is 1h, and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 10 h.
The pretreatment solution is an aqueous solution with the compound mass concentration of sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate being 8%, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 4: 5: 1.
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 1%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 2%, microcrystalline paraffin 0.1%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1%, dimethyl fumarate 2%, triethylamine 0.1%, and the balance of water.
A preparation method of a bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
soaking the bamboo single board integrally by using a phenolic resin adhesive for 15min, taking out, drying at 40 ℃ until the water content is 12%, using the bamboo single board as a core material, arranging the core material into a layer in the horizontal direction, arranging the core material into a layer on the upper surface of the bamboo single board in the vertical direction, repeating the steps until 5 layers are arranged in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank respectively by using the phenolic resin adhesive, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ in a first step at the speed of 10 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 15MPa in a second step at the speed of 3 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 135 ℃ in a second step at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the temperature and the pressure for 5min, reducing the temperature to 50 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, releasing the pressure, preserving the temperature for 30min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 3:
a method for preparing a bamboo veneer;
adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 60 deg.C, steaming for 60min, taking out, washing with water to neutral, drying to water content of 16%, feeding the bamboo sheet into a defibering device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a defibering roller to make the bamboo sheet form point-shaped and line-shaped cracks, simultaneously, acting force is applied in the radial direction to flatten and extend the bamboo veneer to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, the bamboo veneer is defibered for 5 times and added into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 80 deg.C, steaming for 30min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, air drying until the water content is 10%, placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with oxygen content of 2.5%, heating to 180 deg.C, treating for 90min, cooling to 100 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 50min, naturally cooling to room temperature, and transferring the bamboo veneer to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.60MPa, and the time of the carbonization treatment is 2h, and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in an oven at 80 ℃ for 20 h.
The pretreatment solution is an aqueous solution with the compound mass concentration of sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate being 8%, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 6: 10: 1.
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 2%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 5%, microcrystalline paraffin 1%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1.5%, dimethyl fumarate 4%, triethylamine 0.2%, and the balance of water.
A preparation method of a bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
soaking the bamboo single board integrally by using a phenolic resin adhesive for 15min, taking out, drying at 45 ℃ until the water content is 15%, arranging the core materials into a layer in the horizontal direction as a core material, arranging the core materials into a layer on the upper surface of the bamboo single board in the vertical direction, repeating the steps until 5 layers are arranged in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank by using the phenolic resin adhesive, raising the temperature to 125 ℃ in one step at the speed of 20 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 25MPa in the other step at the speed of 5 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 140 ℃ in the second step at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the temperature and the pressure for 10min, reducing the temperature to 55 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, releasing the pressure, preserving the temperature for 50min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 4:
a method for preparing a bamboo veneer;
adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 50 deg.C, steaming for 45min, taking out, washing with water to neutral, drying to water content of 15%, feeding the bamboo sheet into a defibering device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a defibering roller to make the bamboo sheet form point-shaped and line-shaped cracks, simultaneously applying an acting force in the radial direction to flatten and extend the bamboo veneer to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, defibering the bamboo veneer for 5 times, adding the bamboo veneer into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 80 deg.C, steaming for 25min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, air drying until the water content is 8%, placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with oxygen content of 2.5%, heating to 160 deg.C, treating for 80min, cooling to 100 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 50min, naturally cooling to room temperature, and transferring the bamboo veneer to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.50MPa, the time of the carbonization treatment is 1h, and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 15 h.
The pretreatment solution is an aqueous solution with the compound mass concentration of sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate being 8%, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 4: 8: 1.
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 1%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 4%, microcrystalline paraffin 0.5%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1.5%, dimethyl fumarate 3%, triethylamine 0.1%, and the balance of water.
A preparation method of a bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
soaking the bamboo single board integrally by using a phenolic resin adhesive for 15min, taking out, drying at 40 ℃ until the water content is 15%, arranging the core materials into a layer in the horizontal direction as a core material, arranging the core materials into a layer on the upper surface of the bamboo single board in the vertical direction, repeating the steps until 5 layers are arranged in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank by using the phenolic resin adhesive, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min for one section, raising the temperature to 20MPa at a speed of 10 ℃/min, maintaining the pressure for 20min, raising the temperature to 138 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃/min for two sections, maintaining the temperature and the pressure for 5min, lowering the temperature to 50 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, releasing the pressure, maintaining the temperature for 50min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 5:
a method for preparing a bamboo veneer;
adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 50 deg.C, steaming for 60min, taking out, washing to neutral, drying to water content of 10%, feeding the bamboo sheet into a defibering device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a defibering roller to make the bamboo sheet form point-shaped and line-shaped cracks, simultaneously, acting force is applied in the radial direction to flatten and extend the bamboo veneer to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, the bamboo veneer is defibered for 5 times and added into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 80 deg.C, steaming for 20min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, air drying to water content of 10%, placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with oxygen content of 2%, heating to 180 deg.C, treating for 60min, cooling to 100 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 40min, naturally cooling to room temperature, and transferring the bamboo veneer to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.60MPa, the time of the carbonization treatment is 1h, and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in an oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 10 h.
The pretreatment solution is an aqueous solution with the compound mass concentration of sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate being 8%, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 6: 5: 1.
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 2%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 2%, microcrystalline paraffin 1%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1%, dimethyl fumarate 4%, triethylamine 0.1%, and the balance of water.
A preparation method of a bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
soaking the bamboo single board integrally by using a phenolic resin adhesive for 15min, taking out, drying at 45 ℃ until the water content is 12%, using the bamboo single board as a core material, arranging the core material into a layer in the horizontal direction, arranging the core material into a layer on the upper surface of the bamboo single board in the vertical direction, repeating the steps until 5 layers are arranged in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank respectively by using the phenolic resin adhesive, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ in a first step at the speed of 20 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 135 ℃ in a second step at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the temperature and the pressure for 10min, reducing the temperature to 55 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, releasing the pressure, preserving the temperature for 30min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Example 6:
a method for preparing a bamboo veneer;
adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 60 deg.C, steaming for 40min, taking out, washing with water to neutral, drying to water content of 16%, feeding the bamboo sheet into a defibering device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a defibering roller to make the bamboo sheet form point-shaped and line-shaped cracks, simultaneously, acting force is applied in the radial direction to flatten and extend the bamboo veneer to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, the bamboo veneer is defibered for 5 times and added into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 70 deg.C, steaming for 30min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, air drying to water content of 7%, placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with oxygen content of 2.5%, heating to 160 deg.C, treating for 90min, cooling to 80 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 50min, naturally cooling to room temperature, and transferring the bamboo veneer to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.40MPa, and the time of the carbonization treatment is 2h, and finally, drying the bamboo veneer in a 60 ℃ drying oven for 20 h.
The pretreatment solution is an aqueous solution with the compound mass concentration of sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate being 8%, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 4: 10: 1.
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 1%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 5%, microcrystalline paraffin 0.1%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1.5%, dimethyl fumarate 2%, triethylamine 0.2%, and the balance of water.
A preparation method of a bamboo glue composite board comprises the following steps:
soaking the bamboo single board integrally by using a phenolic resin adhesive for 15min, taking out, drying at 40 ℃ until the water content is 15%, using the bamboo single board as a core material, arranging the core material into a layer in the horizontal direction, arranging the core material into a layer on the upper surface of the bamboo single board in the vertical direction, repeating the steps until 5 layers are arranged in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank respectively by using the phenolic resin adhesive, raising the temperature to 125 ℃ in a first step at the speed of 10 ℃/min, raising the temperature to 140 ℃ in a second step at the speed of 3 ℃/min after heat preservation and pressure maintenance for 25min, raising the temperature to 50 ℃ in a second step at the speed of 3 ℃/min after heat preservation and pressure maintenance for 5min, releasing the pressure, preserving the temperature for 50min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
Comparative example 1:
comparative example 1 is substantially the same as example 1 except that it was not treated with a pretreatment liquid.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that it is not subjected to the post-treatment liquid treatment.
Comparative example 3:
comparative example 3 is substantially the same as example 1 except that heat treatment was not performed.
Comparative example 4:
comparative example 4 is substantially the same as example 1 except that no carbonization treatment was performed.
And (3) performance testing:
(1) mechanical properties
According to GB/T17657-1999 physicochemical property test method for artificial boards and veneered artificial boards, the density, the Modulus of elasticity (MOR) and the Modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the bamboo glue composite boards of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-4 of the invention are detected;
the Tensile Strength (TS) of the bamboo glue composite boards of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the invention is tested by referring to ASTM D3500-1990 Standard test method for Tensile force of plywood;
the Compressive Strength (CS) of the bamboo glue composite boards of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the present invention was measured with reference to astm d3501-2005, "method for testing compression standards of wood-based structural panels".
(2) Water resistance
The Water absorption Thickness Swelling Rate (TSR) and Water Absorption Rate (WAR) of the bamboo glue composite boards of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-4 of the invention are measured after 28h of circulating Water boiling test at 50 ℃.
Taking 3 test pieces for each test, taking the average value of the results, and obtaining the test results shown in the following table 1:
table 1:
as can be seen from the above table 1, the bamboo glue composite board provided by the application has good mechanical properties (the density is not less than 1.16, the static bending strength is not less than 273.64MPa, the elastic modulus is not less than 26.93GPa, the tensile strength is not less than 239.90MPa, and the compressive strength is not less than 151.60MPa), and has excellent moisture-proof and water-resistant properties (the water absorption thickness expansion rate is not more than 0.37%, and the water absorption rate is not more than 0.56).
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the bamboo veneer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: adding bamboo chips into the pretreatment solution, heating to 50-60 deg.C, steaming for 40-60min, taking out, washing with water to neutrality, and air drying to water content of 10-16%;
s2: then sending the bamboo chips into a fluffing device, applying longitudinal cutting force to the bamboo by a fluffing roller to enable the bamboo chips to form point-shaped and line-segment-shaped cracks, simultaneously applying acting force in the radial direction to enable the bamboo chips to be flattened and stretched to form a fibrous bamboo veneer, and fluffing for 3-6 times;
s3: adding the bamboo veneer into the post-treatment liquid, heating to 70-80 ℃, cooking for 20-30min, taking out, washing with water to be neutral, and airing until the water content is 7-10%;
s4: placing the bamboo veneer in heat treatment equipment with the oxygen content of 2-2.5%, heating to 160-180 ℃, treating for 60-90min, cooling to 80-100 ℃, preserving the heat for 40-50min, naturally cooling to room temperature, transferring to carbonization equipment for carbonization treatment, wherein the medium of the carbonization treatment is saturated steam, the pressure of the carbonization treatment is 0.40-0.60MPa, and the time of the carbonization treatment is 1-2 h;
s5: finally, the bamboo veneer is placed in an oven at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to be dried for 10-20 h;
the pretreatment solution is a water solution compounded by sodium hydroxide, thiourea and sodium sulfamate;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the thiourea to the sodium sulfamate is 4-6: 5-10: 1;
the post-treatment liquid consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
1-2% of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 2-5% of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1-1% of microcrystalline paraffin, 1-1.5% of iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, 2-4% of dimethyl fumarate, 0.1-0.2% of triethylamine and the balance of water.
2. The method for preparing the bamboo veneer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the post-treatment liquid comprises the following raw materials by mass percent:
cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide 2%, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether 5%, microcrystalline paraffin 0.5%, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate 1.5%, dimethyl fumarate 2%, triethylamine 0.1%, and the balance of water.
3. A bamboo glue composite board, characterized in that it is prepared from the bamboo veneer obtained by the method of claim 1 or 2.
4. The preparation method of the bamboo glue composite board according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dipping the whole bamboo veneer by using an adhesive, taking out the bamboo veneer, and drying the bamboo veneer at 40-45 ℃ until the water content is 12-15% to obtain a core material;
s2: arranging core materials into a layer in the horizontal direction, arranging the core materials into a layer in the vertical direction, repeating the steps in such a way, arranging 2-5 layers in total to form a blank, adhering 1 layer of bamboo mat on the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank by using an adhesive, raising the temperature to 120-125 ℃ for one section, raising the temperature to 15-25MPa for 20-25min, raising the temperature to 135-140 ℃ for another section, maintaining the temperature and pressure for 5-10min, reducing the temperature to 50-55 ℃, releasing the pressure, maintaining the temperature for 30-50min, and naturally recovering to the room temperature.
5. The method for preparing the bamboo glue composite board according to claim 4, wherein the adhesive is any one of phenolic resin adhesive, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, epoxy resin adhesive, vinyl resin adhesive and alkyd resin adhesive.
6. The method for preparing the bamboo glue composite board according to claim 4, wherein the first-stage heating rate in S2 is 10-20 ℃/min, the second-stage heating rate is 3-5 ℃/min, and the cooling rate is 1-5 ℃/min.
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