CN113162085A - Regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response - Google Patents

Regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response Download PDF

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CN113162085A
CN113162085A CN202110334600.1A CN202110334600A CN113162085A CN 113162085 A CN113162085 A CN 113162085A CN 202110334600 A CN202110334600 A CN 202110334600A CN 113162085 A CN113162085 A CN 113162085A
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CN113162085B (en
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高赐威
黄博
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The invention discloses a regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response, which relates to the field of power demand response and comprises the following steps of 1) modeling of communication base station energy storage charging and discharging; 2) modeling a wireless communication user communication quality calculation method under the condition of power failure of a power grid; 3) and forming a regulation and control strategy for the communication base station to store energy and participate in demand response. The method realizes modeling of energy storage charging and discharging of the communication base station, modeling of a wireless communication user communication quality calculation method under the condition of power failure of a power grid, forming a regulation and control strategy of the energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station under the condition of ensuring the communication quality of the wireless communication user, and providing technical support for the demand response of the energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station in the power system dispatching organization.

Description

Regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power demand response, in particular to a regulation and control method for energy storage participation demand response of a communication base station.
Background
In recent years, demand response has been practiced on a large scale in countries around the world, and has the effects of peak clipping and valley filling, improving the operating efficiency of power systems, promoting the consumption of renewable energy sources, and the like. At present, the scale of the domestic communication base station is rapidly enlarged, the energy storage of the communication base station is in an idle state under the condition of normal power supply of a power grid, and the power system can schedule the energy storage of the communication base station to charge and discharge under the condition of ensuring the communication quality of wireless communication users under the condition of power failure of the power grid, so that the energy storage of the communication base station has considerable demand response potential. At present, the energy storage of the communication base station is not applied to participating in demand response, and the related regulation and control strategy is also in a blank state, so that the regulation and control strategy of the energy storage of the communication base station participating in demand response becomes a subject to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects mentioned in the background art, the invention aims to provide a regulation and control method for the energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response comprises the following steps:
1) establishing an energy storage charging and discharging model of a communication base station;
2) establishing a wireless communication user communication quality calculation model under the condition of power failure of a power grid;
3) and establishing a regulation and control strategy model of the communication base station for energy storage participation demand response.
Further, the establishing of the energy storage charging and discharging model of the communication base station in the step 1) is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, establishing energy storage charge and discharge power constraint of communication base station
The energy storage regulation and control of the communication base station needs to meet the charge and discharge power constraint, and is represented as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000021
Figure BDA0002996885100000022
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000023
storing charging and discharging power of a base station i in a t period respectively;
Figure BDA0002996885100000024
respectively storing the upper limits of charging and discharging power of the energy stored in the base station i;
establishing energy storage and electric quantity constraint of communication base station
The energy storage regulation and control of the communication base station needs to meet the electric quantity constraint, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000025
Figure BDA0002996885100000026
in the formula: qi,tStoring the electric quantity of the base station i in a time period t;
Figure BDA0002996885100000027
charging and discharging efficiencies of energy stored for the base station i, respectively; Δ t is the duration of a time period;
Figure BDA0002996885100000028
and respectively storing the lower limit and the upper limit of the electric quantity of the base station i.
Further, the step 2) of establishing a wireless communication user communication quality calculation model under the condition of power failure of the power grid is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, calculating the time length that the base station energy storage can maintain the normal operation of the base station under the condition of power failure of a power grid
Under the condition of power failure of a power grid, the base station stores energy and supplies power to the base station; from charging and discharging power
Figure BDA0002996885100000029
And an initial electric quantity Qi,0Calculating the energy storage capacity Q of the base station in each time intervali,t(ii) a According to the typical load curve of each base station, from Qi,tCalculating the time length for maintaining the normal operation of each base station under the condition of power failure of a power grid by using the energy stored in each base station as a backup power supply;
under the power grid power failure condition, the time length for maintaining the normal operation of the base station by the base station energy storage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002996885100000031
in the formula: si,t+1Under the condition of power failure at the time interval of t +1 of the power grid, the base station i stores energy and maintains the normal operation time of the base station; t islThe time length for maintaining the normal communication of the wireless communication user after the power grid is powered off is set;
Figure BDA0002996885100000032
for the power usage of base station i during time t +1,
Figure BDA0002996885100000033
the same process is carried out;
secondly, calculating the base station set which keeps normal operation under the condition of power failure of the power grid
Let K be { T +1, T +2lAnd in the case of power failure at the t +1 time interval of the power grid, the set of base stations maintaining normal operation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002996885100000038
in the formula: b ist+1,kMaintaining a base station set which normally operates in a k period under the condition of power failure in a t +1 period of a power grid;
thirdly, under the condition of power failure of the computing power grid, the user selects the base station for communication
Among all the base stations in normal operation, the user selects the base station with the strongest signal strength for communication, which is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000034
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000035
a base station for communication of a user x in a k time period under the condition of power failure of a power grid at a t +1 time period; piPower of the transmitted signal for base station i; h is a fading coefficient; r isi,xIs the distance between base station i and user x; alpha is a path fading factor;
fourthly, calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of user communication under the condition of power grid power failure
After the user selects a communication base station, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user communication is known as follows:
Figure BDA0002996885100000036
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000037
under the condition of power failure in a time period t +1 of a power grid, the signal-to-noise ratio of communication of a user x in a time period k is obtained; sigma2Is the noise power.
Further, the step 3) of establishing a regulation and control strategy model for the communication base station to store energy and participate in demand response is carried out according to the following steps:
establishing an objective function
The loss cost of energy storage and charge and discharge of the base station is taken as the regulation and control cost and is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000041
in the formula: fi,tStoring the regulation and control cost of the base station i in the time period t; ciThe unit charge-discharge capacity loss cost of storing energy for the base station i;
the decision variable of the regulation strategy model is
Figure BDA0002996885100000042
And
Figure BDA0002996885100000043
the objective function is the minimization of the total energy storage regulation cost of the base station, and is expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000044
in the formula: t is the total time interval; n is the total energy storage amount of the base station;
② establishing constraint conditions
And (3) total power constraint of charging and discharging:
under the condition that the communication base station energy storage cluster participates in demand response, an output curve is sent to the communication base station energy storage cluster through power system scheduling, and the total charging and discharging power of the communication base station energy storage cluster is equal to the output curve sent by the power system scheduling:
Figure BDA0002996885100000045
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000046
scheduling power needing charging and discharging of the base station energy storage cluster for the power system at the t time period;
user communication quality constraint:
in case of power failure of the power grid, all wireless communication users should be within the coverage range of wireless communication within a specified time:
Figure BDA0002996885100000047
in the formula: gamma is the lower limit of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio for maintaining normal communication of the user; and X is the total number of wireless communication users.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, under the condition of ensuring the communication quality of the wireless communication user, a regulation and control strategy of the communication base station for energy storage participation demand response is formed, and a technical support is provided for the communication base station for energy storage participation demand response of the power system scheduling organization.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and modeling energy storage charging and discharging of the communication base station.
(1) Establishing energy storage charging and discharging power constraint of communication base station
The energy storage regulation and control of the communication base station needs to meet the charge and discharge power constraint, which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000051
Figure BDA0002996885100000052
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000053
storing charging and discharging power of a base station i in a t period respectively;
Figure BDA0002996885100000054
upper limits of charging and discharging power stored for the base station i, respectively.
(2) Establishing communication base station energy storage electric quantity constraint
The energy storage regulation and control of the communication base station needs to meet the electric quantity constraint, which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000055
Figure BDA0002996885100000056
in the formula: qi,tStoring the electric quantity of the base station i in a time period t;
Figure BDA0002996885100000061
are respectively provided withCharging and discharging efficiency of energy storage for a base station i; Δ t is the duration of a time period;
Figure BDA0002996885100000062
and respectively storing the lower limit and the upper limit of the electric quantity of the base station i.
Step two: and modeling the wireless communication user communication quality calculation method under the condition of power failure of the power grid.
(1) Calculating the time length that the base station can maintain the normal operation of the base station by storing energy in the base station under the condition of power failure of the power grid
And under the condition of power failure of the power grid, the base station stores energy and supplies power to the base station. From charging and discharging power
Figure BDA0002996885100000063
And an initial electric quantity Qi,0The base station energy storage electric quantity Q of each time interval can be calculatedi,t. According to the typical load curve of each base station, from Qi,tThe time length for maintaining the normal operation of the base station under the condition of power failure of the power grid can be calculated by taking the energy stored in each base station as a backup power supply.
Under the power grid power failure condition, the time that the base station energy storage can maintain the normal operation of the base station is as follows:
Figure BDA0002996885100000064
in the formula: si,t+1Storing energy by the base station i for a time length for maintaining the normal operation of the base station under the condition of power failure at the time interval of t +1 of the power grid; t islThe time length for maintaining the normal communication of the wireless communication user after the power grid is powered off is set;
Figure BDA0002996885100000065
for the power usage of base station i during time t +1,
Figure BDA0002996885100000066
the same is true.
(2) Base station set for maintaining normal operation under condition of power grid power failure calculation
Let K be { T +1, T +2lAnd in the case of power failure at the t +1 time interval of the power grid, the set of base stations maintaining normal operation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002996885100000067
in the formula: b ist+1,kAnd maintaining the base station set which normally operates in the k period under the condition of power failure in the t +1 period of the power grid.
(3) Base station for user to select communication under condition of power grid power failure calculation
Among all the base stations that operate normally, the user selects the base station with the strongest signal strength for communication, which can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000071
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000072
a base station for communication of a user x in a k time period under the condition of power failure of a power grid at a t +1 time period; piPower of the transmitted signal for base station i; h is a fading coefficient; r isi,xIs the distance between base station i and user x; α is a path fading factor.
(4) Calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of user communication under the condition of power grid power failure
After the known user selects the base station for communication, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user communication is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002996885100000073
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000074
under the condition of power failure in a time period t +1 of a power grid, the signal-to-noise ratio of communication of a user x in a time period k is obtained; sigma2Is the noise power.
Step three: and forming a regulation and control strategy for the communication base station to store energy and participate in demand response.
(1) Establishing an objective function
The loss cost of energy storage and charge and discharge of the base station is taken as the regulation and control cost, and can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000075
in the formula: fi,tStoring the regulation and control cost of the base station i in the time period t; ciAnd (4) the unit charge-discharge capacity loss cost of the energy storage of the base station i.
The decision variable of the regulation strategy model is
Figure BDA0002996885100000076
And
Figure BDA0002996885100000077
the objective function is the minimization of the total cost of energy storage regulation and control of the base station, and can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002996885100000078
in the formula: t is the total time interval; and N is the total energy storage amount of the base station.
(2) Establishing constraint conditions
1) Total power constraint of charging and discharging
Under the condition that the communication base station energy storage cluster participates in demand response, an output curve is sent to the communication base station energy storage cluster through power system scheduling, and the total charging and discharging power of the communication base station energy storage cluster is equal to the output curve sent by the power system scheduling:
Figure BDA0002996885100000081
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002996885100000082
and scheduling the power which needs to be charged and discharged by the base station energy storage cluster at the t time period for the power system.
2) User communication quality constraints
In case of power failure of the power grid, all wireless communication users should be within the coverage range of wireless communication within a specified time:
Figure BDA0002996885100000083
in the formula: gamma is the lower limit of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio for maintaining normal communication of the user; and X is the total number of wireless communication users.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, a schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (4)

1. A regulation and control method for communication base station energy storage participation demand response is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) establishing an energy storage charging and discharging model of a communication base station;
2) establishing a wireless communication user communication quality calculation model under the condition of power failure of a power grid;
3) and establishing a regulation and control strategy model of the communication base station for energy storage participation demand response.
2. The method for regulating and controlling energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) of establishing the energy storage charging and discharging model of the communication base station is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, establishing energy storage charge and discharge power constraint of communication base station
The energy storage regulation and control of the communication base station needs to meet the charge and discharge power constraint, and is represented as:
Figure FDA0002996885090000011
Figure FDA0002996885090000012
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002996885090000013
storing charging and discharging power of a base station i in a t period respectively; pi cmax、Pi dmaxRespectively storing the upper limits of charging and discharging power of the energy stored in the base station i;
establishing energy storage and electric quantity constraint of communication base station
The energy storage regulation and control of the communication base station needs to meet the electric quantity constraint, which is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002996885090000014
Figure FDA0002996885090000015
in the formula: qi,tStoring the electric quantity of the base station i in a time period t;
Figure FDA0002996885090000016
charging and discharging efficiencies of energy storage for the base station i respectively; Δ t is the duration of a period；
Figure FDA0002996885090000017
And respectively storing the lower limit and the upper limit of the electric quantity of the base station i.
3. The method for regulating and controlling energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) of establishing the wireless communication user communication quality calculation model under the condition of power grid outage is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, calculating the time length for maintaining the normal operation of a base station by the energy storage of the base station under the condition of power failure of a power grid
Under the condition of power failure of a power grid, the base station stores energy and supplies power to the base station; from charging and discharging power
Figure FDA0002996885090000021
And an initial quantity of electricity Qi,0Calculating the energy storage capacity Q of the base station in each time intervali,t(ii) a According to the typical load curve of each base station, from Qi,tCalculating the time length for maintaining the normal operation of each base station under the condition of power failure of a power grid by using the stored energy of each base station as a backup power supply;
under the power grid power failure condition, the time length for maintaining the normal operation of the base station by the base station energy storage is as follows:
Figure FDA0002996885090000022
in the formula: si,t+1Storing energy by a base station i to maintain the time length of normal operation of the base station under the condition of power failure at the time interval of t +1 of a power grid; t islThe time length for maintaining the normal communication of the wireless communication user after the power grid is powered off is set;
Figure FDA0002996885090000023
for the power usage of base station i during time t +1,
Figure FDA0002996885090000024
the same process is carried out;
secondly, calculating the base station set which keeps normal operation under the condition of power failure of the power grid
Let K be { T +1, T +2lAnd in the case of power failure at the time interval t +1 of the power grid, the set of base stations maintaining normal operation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002996885090000025
in the formula: b ist+1,kMaintaining a base station set which normally operates in a k period under the condition of power failure in a t +1 period of a power grid;
thirdly, under the condition of power failure of the computing power grid, the user selects the base station for communication
Among all the base stations in normal operation, the user selects the base station with the strongest signal strength for communication, which is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002996885090000026
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002996885090000027
a base station for communication of a user x in a k time period under the condition of power failure of a power grid at a t +1 time period; piPower of the transmitted signal for base station i; h is a fading coefficient; r isi,xIs the distance between base station i and user x; alpha is a path fading factor;
fourthly, calculating the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of user communication under the condition of power grid power failure
After the user selects a communication base station, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user communication is known as follows:
Figure FDA0002996885090000031
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002996885090000032
for communication of user x during period k in case of power failure of grid at period t +1A signal to interference plus noise ratio; sigma2Is the noise power.
4. The method for regulating and controlling energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) of establishing the regulation strategy model of the energy storage participation demand response of the communication base station is performed according to the following steps:
establishing an objective function
The loss cost of energy storage and charge and discharge of the base station is taken as the regulation and control cost and is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002996885090000033
in the formula: fi,tStoring the regulation and control cost of the base station i in the time period t; ciThe unit charge and discharge loss cost for storing energy for the base station i;
the decision variable of the regulation strategy model is
Figure FDA0002996885090000034
And
Figure FDA0002996885090000035
the objective function is the minimization of the total cost of energy storage regulation and control of the base station, and is expressed as:
Figure FDA0002996885090000036
in the formula: t is the total time interval; n is the total energy storage amount of the base station;
② establishing constraint conditions
And (3) total power constraint of charging and discharging:
under the condition that the communication base station energy storage cluster participates in demand response, an output curve is sent to the communication base station energy storage cluster through power system scheduling, and the total charging and discharging power of the communication base station energy storage cluster is equal to the output curve sent by the power system scheduling:
Figure FDA0002996885090000041
in the formula: pt oScheduling power needing charging and discharging of the base station energy storage cluster for the power system at the t time period;
user communication quality constraint:
in case of power failure of the power grid, all wireless communication users should be within the coverage range of wireless communication within a specified time:
Figure FDA0002996885090000042
in the formula: gamma is the lower limit of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio for maintaining normal communication of the user; and X is the total number of wireless communication users.
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CN111446711A (en) * 2020-03-17 2020-07-24 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 Load-storage combined optimization operation method based on demand response
CN112269966A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-01-26 国网上海市电力公司 Communication base station virtual power plant power generation capacity measurement method considering standby demand

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111446711A (en) * 2020-03-17 2020-07-24 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 Load-storage combined optimization operation method based on demand response
CN112269966A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-01-26 国网上海市电力公司 Communication base station virtual power plant power generation capacity measurement method considering standby demand

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114884756A (en) * 2022-01-04 2022-08-09 长沙理工大学 5G base station standby battery capacity calculation method based on Monte Carlo algorithm
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