CN113161589A - Tail hydrogen treatment device of proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Tail hydrogen treatment device of proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113161589A CN113161589A CN202110353975.2A CN202110353975A CN113161589A CN 113161589 A CN113161589 A CN 113161589A CN 202110353975 A CN202110353975 A CN 202110353975A CN 113161589 A CN113161589 A CN 113161589A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tail hydrogen treatment device of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises a gas flow channel consisting of four cylinders, wherein a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen dispersion area, an oxyhydrogen mixing area, a microchannel reaction area and a tail gas discharge area are sequentially arranged on the gas flow channel along the airflow direction; a dispersion layer is arranged in the hydrogen dispersion area, and a reaction layer with a noble metal catalyst is arranged in the microchannel reaction area; in tail hydrogen passed through hydrogen gas inlet entering gas flow channel, through the dispersion back of dispersing layer and oxygen mixture, later take place oxyhydrogen catalytic combustion reaction at the reaction layer, water and excessive oxygen of formation are discharged from exhaust emission district, and the heat of production is taken away through heat transfer structure. The invention has simple structure, safety and reliability, high hydrogen treatment efficiency, and capability of recycling heat generated by combustion and realizing the recycling of waste gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cells, relates to a hydrogen fuel cell tail gas treatment device, and particularly relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell tail gas treatment device.
Background
A pem fuel cell is a power generation device that converts chemical energy stored in fuel (such as hydrogen) and oxidant directly into electric energy in a highly efficient and green manner. The equipment using the proton exchange membrane fuel cell as a power source has the characteristics of low noise, low infrared radiation, zero pollution (the product is water) and the like, and in order to ensure the stable work of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, an electromagnetic valve at the tail part of the hydrogen side of the fuel cell is opened at intervals, and liquid water accumulated on the anode side is swept by using hydrogen flow; if the water accumulated by the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is not discharged in time, the flow channel is greatly possibly flooded, so that the effective porosity of the gas diffusion layer is reduced, the catalytic reaction layer is partially short of gas, the performance of the cell is reduced, and even the membrane electrode is subjected to carbon corrosion, which can cause irreversible damage to the fuel cell.
In terms of the existing fuel cell tail hydrogen treatment technology, the tail hydrogen of a fuel cell stack can be directly discharged into the atmosphere through dilution, but atmospheric hydrogen pollution can be caused after long-time discharge, and hydrogen is accumulated indoors to harm human health and increase potential safety hazards when hydrogen is treated by a dilution method in an environment with poor sealing or ventilation conditions such as a submarine. Therefore, it is important to properly treat the tail hydrogen of the pem fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the published tail hydrogen treatment technology of the fuel cell of the same type, tail hydrogen can be treated in a microchannel catalytic combustion mode generally, the equivalent diameter of a microchannel is smaller than the quenching distance (1mm) of hydrogen, and hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas can perform flameless catalytic combustion reaction under the action of a catalyst in the microchannel. However, the tail hydrogen treatment device designed by the similar technology is basically finished by welding, which may cause the problems of difficult replacement of the catalyst carrier, complicated manufacture of part structures and the like. The invention provides a proton exchange membrane fuel cell tail hydrogen treatment device, aims to solve the defects of complex part structure manufacturing and difficult disassembly in the prior art, and aims to provide a manufacturing method of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell tail hydrogen treatment device which is simple in structure and easy to disassemble, so as to make up the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the tail hydrogen treatment device of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is characterized in that: the device comprises a gas flow channel, wherein a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen dispersing area, an oxyhydrogen mixing area, a micro-channel reaction area and a tail gas discharge area are sequentially arranged on the gas flow channel along the gas flow direction, the oxyhydrogen mixing area is provided with an oxygen inlet perpendicular to the gas flow direction in the gas flow channel, and the outer wall of the gas flow channel of the micro-channel reaction area is provided with a heat exchange structure; the tail hydrogen of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell enters a gas flow channel of the tail hydrogen treatment device through a hydrogen gas inlet, a hydrogen dispersion area disperses the entering hydrogen, the dispersed hydrogen and the oxygen entering through the oxygen gas inlet are mixed in a hydrogen-oxygen mixing area to form hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas enters a micro-channel reaction area to generate hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion reaction, water generated by the reaction and excessive oxygen are discharged from a tail gas discharge area, and the generated heat is taken away through a heat exchange structure.
Furthermore, the hydrogen dispersing area is provided with a dispersing layer made of high-temperature resistant materials, and the dispersing layer is provided with a plurality of micro holes which are communicated along the airflow direction.
Furthermore, the reaction zone of the microchannel is provided with a reaction layer made of high-temperature resistant materials, the reaction layer is provided with a plurality of micro holes which are communicated along the airflow direction, and the micro holes are internally provided with noble metal catalysts for catalyzing the hydrogen-oxygen combustion reaction.
Furthermore, the gas flow channel is formed by sequentially connecting four sections of cylinders, the first section of cylinder is a cylinder with one closed side, the closed end is provided with a hydrogen inlet, and the inside of the first section of cylinder is a hydrogen dispersion area; the second section of cylinder is a cylinder with openings at two ends, a side plate of the second section of cylinder is provided with an oxygen inlet, and an oxygen-hydrogen mixing area is arranged inside the second section of cylinder; the third section is a cylinder with two open ends, and the inside is a microchannel reaction area; the fourth section is a cylinder with one closed end, and the closed end is provided with a gas outlet for exhausting tail gas.
Further, the second section of cylinder is made of heat-insulating materials, and the first section of cylinder, the third section of cylinder and the fourth section of cylinder are made of stainless steel materials.
Furthermore, the heat exchange structure comprises a fourth section of cylinder and a heat exchange structure shell welded on the surface of the fourth section of cylinder, a flow channel for heat exchange medium to flow is formed between the outer wall of the fourth section of cylinder and the heat exchange structure shell, a heat exchange medium outlet and a heat exchange medium inlet are respectively arranged on the heat exchange structure shell, and a spiral flow channel is formed on the outer wall of the fourth section of cylinder between the heat exchange medium outlet and the heat exchange medium inlet through an installation supporting plate.
Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchange fins for enhancing heat exchange are arranged on two sides of the supporting plate forming the spiral flow channel.
Furthermore, the four-section cylinder is fixedly connected through an axial through hole formed in the side wall of the cylinder and a screw rod penetrating through the through hole.
Furthermore, bosses for limiting the dispersion layer and the reaction layer are respectively processed at two ends of the second section of cylinder.
Furthermore, high-temperature-resistant sealing gaskets (fluororubber or other high-temperature-resistant materials) are arranged between two adjacent cylinders in the four-section cylinders and are fastened by bolts and nuts in a matching manner, so that the tail hydrogen treatment device is reliably sealed and is favorable for mounting and dismounting.
Furthermore, a positioning hole is formed in the edge of the structure of the first section of cylinder and used for being fixedly positioned with an adjacent structure, and a circular truncated cone slope surface is arranged in the air inlet to promote the convection and diffusion of hydrogen; the stepped surface is designed in the hydrogen inlet area and used for limiting the hydrogen dispersing area and preventing the hydrogen dispersing area from axially moving.
Further, the dispersion layer of the hydrogen dispersion zone of the invention is made of ceramic and other materials with excellent thermosetting property under high temperature (600-800 ℃), and through holes with equivalent diameter of 0.5-1.0mm are arranged in the middle of the cylinder, so as to disperse hydrogen and promote the subsequent thorough mixing of hydrogen and oxygen.
Furthermore, the second section of cylinder is made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material, the thermosetting stability of the second section of cylinder is not lower than 600 ℃, the aim of the invention is to prevent the heat in the reaction zone from being rapidly transferred to the hydrogen inlet zone in a heat conduction mode, prevent the temperature at the hydrogen inlet zone from being too high, avoid the spontaneous combustion of the hydrogen at an inlet and increase the potential safety hazard; the oxygen inlet is vertical to the hydrogen inlet, which is beneficial to fully mixing the hydrogen and the oxygen; the centers of two end surfaces of the oxygen inlet area are respectively provided with a convex circular truncated cone structure, so that the axial limit is carried out on the dispersion layer of the hydrogen dispersion area and the reaction layer of the microchannel reaction area, and the axial movement of the dispersion layer of the hydrogen dispersion area and the reaction layer of the microchannel reaction area is prevented; the structure edge is equipped with the locating hole for with adjacent structure fastening position.
Further, the reaction layer of the invention is made of materials with excellent thermosetting property under the high temperature (600-.
Further, the inside ladder face structure that is equipped with of fourth section of thick bamboo is used for right reaction layer spacing, prevent its axial displacement. The inside microchannel reaction zone that is of fourth section of a circular section of thick bamboo, the section of thick bamboo wall is as heat transfer structure inner core, helps the cooling water in the heat transfer intracavity to take away the heat that the reaction produced. The heat exchange structure shell is sleeved on the heat exchange structure inner core, a heat exchange cavity is formed between the heat exchange structure inner core and the heat exchange structure outer core, spiral flow channels are arranged on the heat exchange structure shell, and heat exchange fins are arranged on two sides of each spiral flow channel, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange structure is improved.
Furthermore, a tail gas outlet of the tail gas discharge area is provided with a fourth section of cylinder bottom, so that excessive oxygen can be used for blowing out water generated by the reaction, and liquid water is prevented from accumulating at the bottom of the gas outlet cavity.
The tail hydrogen treatment device of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell provided by the invention can enable the tail hydrogen treatment efficiency of the fuel cell stack to reach more than 99.9%, and can provide guarantee for the safe operation of a system.
The invention also provides a tail hydrogen treatment method of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:
hydrogen and oxygen in tail gas of the preceding-stage fuel cell stack respectively enter a gas flow channel of the tail gas treatment device from the axial direction and the direction vertical to the axial direction, wherein the hydrogen enters a dispersing layer through a hydrogen gas inlet and is dispersed and then enters an oxyhydrogen mixing region to be mixed with the oxygen entering through an oxygen gas inlet, the oxyhydrogen mixing gas enters a reaction layer of a microchannel reaction region to generate catalytic combustion reaction, and water and excessive oxygen generated by the reaction are discharged from a tail gas discharge region; the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction is taken away through the heat exchange structure.
Wherein, the dispersion layer of the hydrogen dispersion zone is a short porous cylinder, the reaction layer of the microchannel reaction zone is a long porous cylinder (the long reaction distance is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency), and a catalyst (noble metal such as platinum, palladium and the like) for hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion reaction is attached to the inside of the porous cylinder by a special process; in addition, the heat generated by hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion is taken away by a circulating cooling medium (cooling water) in the heat exchange structure, so that the device disclosed by the invention is prevented from being overhigh in temperature, and is safe and reliable. Spiral flow channels are arranged on the shell of the heat exchange structure, and heat exchange fins are arranged on two sides of each spiral flow channel, so that the structure of the heat exchange structure is beneficial to improving the heat exchange efficiency.
The tail hydrogen treatment device provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the tail hydrogen treatment device comprises a hydrogen inlet area, a hydrogen dispersing area, an oxygen inlet area, a micro-channel reaction area, a heat exchange structure inner core, a heat exchange structure outer shell, an air outlet structure and the like, and is sealed by matching with a high-temperature sealing gasket and fastened by bolts and nuts.
2. The heat exchange structure of the device is formed by assembling the inner core of the heat exchange structure and the outer shell of the heat exchange structure, the heat exchange structure is close to the reaction area, and the spiral flow channel and the heat exchange fins are designed in the heat exchange cavity, so that the heat generated by the reaction can be taken away quickly by cooling water, the overhigh temperature of the device is avoided, and the device is safe and reliable.
3. The hydrogen-oxygen vertical gas inlet mode and the hydrogen dispersing area of the device are beneficial to uniformly mixing hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen treatment efficiency of the device is improved.
4. The stepped surfaces are designed in the hydrogen inlet area, the oxygen inlet area and the heat exchange structure inner core of the device, so that the axial limit of the hydrogen dispersion area and the microchannel reaction area can be effectively realized, the axial movement of the hydrogen dispersion area and the microchannel reaction area is prevented, and the device is safe and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tail hydrogen treatment apparatus of the present invention in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic end view of the tail hydrogen treatment apparatus of the present invention in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a tail gas processing apparatus in example 2.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional partial sectional view of the tail hydrogen treatment apparatus of the present invention in example 2.
Reference numerals: 1-a hydrogen gas inlet, 2-a dispersing layer, 3-a reaction layer, 4-a heat exchange structure shell, 5-a cooling water outlet, 6-a tail gas outlet, 7-a cooling water inlet, 8-a fourth section of cylinder, 9-a third section of cylinder, 10-a support plate, 11-an oxygen gas inlet, 12-a through hole, 13-a first section of cylinder, 14-a second section of cylinder, 15-a circular table, 16-a circular table slope surface structure and 17-a heat exchange fin.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an apparatus for treating tail gas of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprising a gas flow channel, wherein the gas flow channel is sequentially provided with a hydrogen gas inlet 1, a hydrogen gas dispersing area, an oxyhydrogen mixing area, a microchannel reaction area and a tail gas discharging area along an air flow direction, the oxyhydrogen mixing area is provided with an oxygen gas inlet 11 perpendicular to the air flow direction in the gas flow channel, and the outer wall of the gas flow channel of the microchannel reaction area is provided with a heat exchange structure; the tail hydrogen of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell enters a gas flow channel of the tail hydrogen treatment device through a hydrogen gas inlet 1, hydrogen gas entering the tail hydrogen treatment device is dispersed in a hydrogen gas dispersion area, the dispersed hydrogen gas and oxygen gas entering the tail hydrogen treatment device through an oxygen gas inlet 11 are mixed in a hydrogen-oxygen mixing area to form hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas enters a micro-channel reaction area to generate hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion reaction, water generated by the reaction and excessive oxygen gas are discharged from a tail gas discharge area, and the generated heat is taken away through a heat exchange structure. The hydrogen dispersing area is provided with a dispersing layer 2 made of high-temperature resistant materials, and the dispersing layer 2 is provided with a plurality of micro holes communicated along the airflow direction. The microchannel reaction zone is provided with a reaction layer 3 made of high-temperature resistant materials, the reaction layer 3 is provided with a plurality of micro holes communicated along the airflow direction, and the micro holes are internally provided with noble metal catalysts for catalyzing hydrogen-oxygen combustion reaction.
Hydrogen and oxygen in tail gas of the front-stage fuel cell stack respectively enter a gas flow channel of the tail hydrogen treatment device from the axial direction and the direction vertical to the axial direction, wherein the hydrogen enters a dispersing layer 2 through a hydrogen inlet 1 and is dispersed and then enters an oxyhydrogen mixing region to be mixed with the oxygen entering through an oxygen inlet 11, the oxyhydrogen mixed gas enters a reaction layer 3 of a microchannel reaction region to generate catalytic combustion reaction, and water and excessive oxygen generated by the reaction are discharged from a tail gas discharge region; the heat generated by the catalytic combustion reaction is taken away through the heat exchange structure, the overhigh temperature of the device is avoided, the device is safe and reliable, and the water and the residual oxygen generated by the catalytic combustion reaction are discharged from the gas outlet along with the tail gas.
One of the manufacturing implementation steps of the present device is not the only possible special case, and other specific examples made according to the technical implementation described in the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. The present invention will be explained below by taking a cylindrical gas flow passage as an example.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 2, the gas flow channel is formed by connecting four sections of cylinders in sequence, the first section of cylinder 13 is a cylinder with one side closed, the closed end is provided with a hydrogen inlet 1, and the inside is a hydrogen dispersion area; the second cylinder 14 is a cylinder with two open ends, the side plate of the second cylinder 14 is provided with an oxygen inlet 11, and the inside is an oxygen-hydrogen mixing area; the third section is a cylinder with two open ends, and the inside is a microchannel reaction area; the fourth section is a cylinder with one closed end, the closed end is provided with a gas outlet for exhausting tail gas, the second section of cylinder 14 is made of heat insulating materials, and the first section of cylinder 13, the third section of cylinder 9 and the fourth section of cylinder 8 are made of stainless steel materials. The four-section cylinder is fixedly connected through a through hole 12 which is arranged in the side wall of the cylinder in the axial direction and a screw which penetrates through the through hole 12. And a high-temperature-resistant sealing gasket is arranged between every two adjacent sections of cylinders so as to improve the sealing performance.
The heat exchange structure comprises a fourth section of cylinder 8 and a heat exchange structure shell 4 welded on the surface of the fourth section of cylinder 8, a flow channel for heat exchange medium to flow is formed between the outer wall of the fourth section of cylinder 8 and the heat exchange structure shell 4, a heat exchange medium outlet (namely a cooling water outlet 5) and a heat exchange medium inlet (a cooling water inlet) are respectively arranged on the heat exchange structure shell 4, a spiral flow channel is formed on the outer wall of the fourth section of cylinder 8 between the heat exchange medium outlet and the heat exchange medium inlet through an installation supporting plate 10, and a plurality of heat exchange fins 17 used for enhancing heat exchange are arranged on two sides of the supporting plate 10 forming the spiral flow channel.
The gas flow channel formed by the four cylinders is manufactured as follows:
manufacturing a first section of cylinder 13, as shown in fig. 2, selecting a stainless steel cylinder with the diameter of 70mm and the length of 47mm, forming a stepped cylinder hole by hollowing two cylinder holes with different diameters inside, wherein the sizes are respectively 35mm, 10mm and 40mm, and 35mm, the inner diameter of the closed end is 8mm, processing a circular truncated cone slope surface structure 16 on the end surface side adjacent to the hydrogen inlet 1, processing 4 through holes 12 with the diameter of 7mm on a circle 27.5mm away from the center of the end surface for bolt connection, the large-diameter area of the stepped cylinder hole is a hydrogen dispersion area for installing a dispersion layer 2, the boss of the step is a limiting boss at one end of the dispersion layer 2, and the small-diameter area of the stepped cylinder hole, the circular truncated cone slope surface structure 16 and the hydrogen inlet 1 form the hydrogen inlet area together.
Manufacturing a second section of cylinder 14, selecting a heat insulation cylinder material with the diameter of 70mm and the length of 20mm, wherein the thermosetting stability is not lower than 600 ℃, a through hole with the diameter of 36mm is processed in the middle of the heat insulation cylinder material to serve as an oxygen-hydrogen mixing area, the diameter of 40mm is processed at both ends of the heat insulation cylinder material, a circular table 15 with the length of 5mm serves as a limiting boss of the dispersion layer 2 and the reaction layer 3, 4 through holes 12 (used for connecting holes for a screw rod to pass through) with the diameter of 7mm are processed on a circle 27.5mm away from the center of the end face, and a circular hole with the diameter of 6mm is radially processed on the side wall of the heat insulation cylinder material to serve as an oxygen inlet 11.
The preparation of the dispersing layer 2 for dispersing hydrogen is characterized in that a ceramic material with the diameter of 40mm and the length of 30mm is selected, and a large number of through holes with the equivalent diameter of 1mm are processed in a circle 15mm away from the center of an end face to be used as channels for dispersing hydrogen.
The reaction layer 3 is manufactured by selecting a ceramic material with the diameter of 40mm and the length of 80mm, processing a large number of through holes with the equivalent diameter of 0.5mm in a circle 15mm away from the center of the end face, and attaching a catalyst (noble metal such as platinum, palladium and the like) for hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion reaction inside the through holes.
Manufacturing a third section of cylinder 9, selecting a stainless steel cylinder with the outer diameter of 70mm, the inner diameter of 36mm and the length of 90mm, processing a cylindrical hole with the diameter of 40mm and the length of 85mm as a micro-channel reaction area for installing the reaction layer 3, processing 4 through holes 12 (used for connecting holes for a screw rod to pass through) with the diameter of 7mm on a circle 27.5mm away from the center of the end face, and simultaneously using the side wall of the third section of cylinder 9 as an inner core of a heat exchange structure.
The heat exchange structure shell 4 is manufactured, a stainless steel pipe with the diameter of 100mm, the length of 90mm and the thickness of 2mm is selected, the heat exchange structure inner core and the heat exchange structure shell 4 are welded through the supporting plate 10, spiral flow channels are welded on the heat exchange structure shell 4, heat exchange fins are arranged on two sides of each spiral flow channel, and meanwhile, round holes with the inner diameters of 6mm are machined in the positions, 41.5mm away from the circle center, of one end of each round hole respectively serve as a cooling water inlet 7 and a cooling water outlet 5.
The fourth section of drum 8 makes, the structure of giving vent to anger is made, select diameter 70mm, length 10 mm's stainless steel drum, middle diameter of processing 40mm, length 8 mm's cylinder hole, the closing surface passes through the gas outlet of welding process internal diameter 8mm as tail gas outlet 6, this cylinder hole constitutes tail gas emission together with tail gas outlet 6 and distinguishes, and the inside face of cylinder of gas outlet is tangent with the cylinder hole face, the gas outlet is located the air outlet chamber edge, 4 diameter 7 mm's through-hole 12 (the connecting hole that is used for the screw rod to pass) of processing simultaneously apart from the 27.5mm circle in terminal surface center.
During this embodiment equipment, earlier place dispersed layer 2 in the ladder cylinder hole of first section drum 13, place reaction layer 3 in the diameter 40mm of third section drum 9, length 85 mm's cylinder hole, then assemble four sections drums together in proper order, pass 4 diameter 7 mm's through-hole 12 on four sections drum lateral walls with the screw rod, screw up the nut at the screw rod both ends and form sealed gas flow channel in four sections drums, accomplish this embodiment tail hydrogen processing apparatus's equipment promptly, in order to improve the device leakproofness, can prevent high temperature resistant sealing pad (fluororubber or other high temperature resistant material) at the contact surface of two adjacent sections drums, then fasten the bolt.
The method of use of this example is the same as example 1.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The tail hydrogen treatment device of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is characterized in that: the device comprises a gas flow channel, wherein a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen dispersing area, an oxyhydrogen mixing area, a micro-channel reaction area and a tail gas discharge area are sequentially arranged on the gas flow channel along the gas flow direction, the oxyhydrogen mixing area is provided with an oxygen inlet perpendicular to the gas flow direction in the gas flow channel, and the outer wall of the gas flow channel of the micro-channel reaction area is provided with a heat exchange structure; the tail hydrogen of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell enters a gas flow channel of the tail hydrogen treatment device through a hydrogen gas inlet, a hydrogen dispersion area disperses the entering hydrogen, the dispersed hydrogen and the oxygen entering through the oxygen gas inlet are mixed in a hydrogen-oxygen mixing area to form hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas, the hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas enters a micro-channel reaction area to generate hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion reaction, water generated by the reaction and excessive oxygen are discharged from a tail gas discharge area, and the generated heat is taken away through a heat exchange structure.
2. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen dispersing area is provided with a dispersing layer made of high-temperature resistant materials, and the dispersing layer is provided with a plurality of micro holes communicated along the airflow direction.
3. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the microchannel reaction zone is provided with a reaction layer made of high-temperature resistant materials, the reaction layer is provided with a plurality of micro holes which are communicated along the airflow direction, and the micro holes are internally provided with noble metal catalysts for catalyzing hydrogen-oxygen combustion reaction.
4. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the gas flow channel is formed by sequentially connecting four sections of cylinders, the first section of cylinder is a cylinder with one closed side, the closed end is provided with a hydrogen inlet, and the inside of the first section of cylinder is a hydrogen dispersion area; the second section of cylinder is a cylinder with openings at two ends, a side plate of the second section of cylinder is provided with an oxygen inlet, and an oxygen-hydrogen mixing area is arranged inside the second section of cylinder; the third section is a cylinder with two open ends, and the inside is a microchannel reaction area; the fourth section is a cylinder with one closed end, and the closed end is provided with a gas outlet for exhausting tail gas.
5. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the second section of cylinder is made of heat-insulating materials, and the first section of cylinder, the third section of cylinder and the fourth section of cylinder are made of stainless steel materials.
6. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the heat exchange structure comprises a fourth section of cylinder and a heat exchange structure shell welded on the surface of the fourth section of cylinder, a flow channel for heat exchange media to flow is formed between the outer wall of the fourth section of cylinder and the heat exchange structure shell, a heat exchange medium outlet and a heat exchange medium inlet are respectively arranged on the heat exchange structure shell, and a spiral flow channel is formed on the outer wall of the fourth section of cylinder between the heat exchange medium outlet and the heat exchange medium inlet through an installation supporting plate.
7. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: and a plurality of heat exchange fins for enhancing heat exchange are arranged on two sides of the supporting plate forming the spiral flow channel.
8. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the four-section cylinder is fixedly connected through an axial through hole formed in the side wall of the cylinder and a screw rod penetrating through the through hole.
9. The tail hydrogen treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: bosses for limiting the dispersion layer and the reaction layer are respectively processed at two ends of the second section of cylinder.
10. The tail hydrogen treatment device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein: and a high-temperature-resistant sealing gasket is arranged between every two adjacent sections of the four sections of cylinders.
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