CN113161162A - Doped polyaniline electrode material for super capacitor and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Doped polyaniline electrode material for super capacitor and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012695 Interfacial polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/026—Wholly aromatic polyamines
- C08G73/0266—Polyanilines or derivatives thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/48—Conductive polymers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a doped polyaniline electrode material for a supercapacitor, a preparation method and application thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a supercapacitor electrode material technology, in particular to a polyaniline-doped electrode material for a supercapacitor, a preparation method and application, wherein a double-soft-template method is used for constructing a polyaniline @ ordered molecular aggregate, and an ST-PANI with a three-dimensional porous structure is obtained.
Background
The super capacitor is used as a novel chemical energy storage device and has the characteristics of high energy density, high specific capacity, good cycle performance, small environmental pollution and the like. The performance of the super capacitor depends on electrode materials to a great extent, and among a plurality of electrode materials, Polyaniline (PANI) used as a conductive polymer has the advantages of easily available raw materials, simple and convenient synthesis, low price, unique doping mechanism and high pseudocapacitance energy storage characteristic, and becomes a hotspot of research on the electrode materials of the super capacitor.
The appearance of polyaniline plays a great role in the performance of the super capacitor, and the appearance depends on the preparation method. The current methods for preparing polyaniline include an electrodeposition method, an interfacial polymerization method and a template method, the template method is concerned about the fact that polyaniline with a specific morphology can be prepared by the aid of a fixed template, and due to the complexity of polyaniline structures and conduction mechanisms, polyaniline prepared by different templates is different in structure, chemical stability, plasticity and the like, so that potential application of the polyaniline in the field of supercapacitors is limited.
The soft template method is also called emulsion polymerization method, the method has fast reaction speed, simple operation and little pollution, the surfactant is used as an emulsifier and does not directly participate in the reaction, part of the surfactant can be used as a protonic agent to influence the initiation rate and the growth rate of a polyaniline chain, and a complicated template removing procedure is not needed, so that the polyaniline with excellent appearance is prepared, and therefore, the effective method is favorable for controlling the directional growth of the polyaniline, the specific capacity, the thermal stability, the reversibility and the cycle performance of the polyaniline are improved, and the method has important significance in expanding the application of the polyaniline in the field of the super capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a doped polyaniline electrode material for a supercapacitor, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method has the advantages of high reaction speed, simple operation and little pollution, and the doped polyaniline electrode material prepared by the method has high specific capacity, good thermal stability, excellent reversibility and cycle performance and specific morphology, and can be applied to electrode materials of button supercapacitors.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a doped polyaniline electrode material for a supercapacitor comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a soft template: accurately weighing 2.0-5.0 mL of nonionic surfactant and 5.0-10.0 g of anionic surfactant, and dissolving in 1.0-4.0M of inorganic protonic acid to obtain a double soft template;
2) adding an aniline monomer: placing the double soft templates obtained in the step 1) in a round-bottom flask, magnetically stirring, and adding newly steamed aniline to obtain a solution A;
3) and (3) oxidative polymerization: slowly adding an oxidant into the solution A, magnetically stirring for 12-24 hours at room temperature, and carrying out emulsion polymerization reaction to obtain dark green emulsion;
4) collecting a crude product: adding acetone to demulsify, performing suction filtration, and sequentially washing a filter cake with deionized water, acetone and deionized water to neutrality until the filtrate is colorless;
5) vacuum drying the washed product at 60-80 deg.C for 24 h to obtain doped polyaniline (ST-PANI) prepared by double soft templates, i.e. dark green doped polyaniline, wherein the pore diameter of the porous three-dimensional doped polyaniline is 20-50 nm;
6) preparing an electrode material: drying the ST-PANI prepared in the step 5), uniformly mixing the dried doped polyaniline serving as an active substance with a binder and a conductive agent according to a mass ratio of 80:10:10, adding 7.0-10.0 mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 3 hours to form a paste, pressing into a thin electrode plate with the thickness of 0.15 mm, and finally using a die to enable the thin electrode plate to be thinCutting into 1.2 cm2The circular electrode plates are dried, and two electrode plates with consistent quality are selected to be used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively.
The non-ionic surfactant in the step 1) is one of tween-20, tween-60 and tween-80.
The anionic surfactant in the step 1) is one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium hexadecyl sulfate.
The inorganic protonic acid in the step 1) is at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
The oxidant in the step 3) is at least one of manganese dioxide, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide and ferric chloride, wherein the mass ratio of the oxidant to the aniline monomer is 1: 1.
The doped polyaniline electrode material prepared by the preparation method of the doped polyaniline electrode material for the supercapacitor.
The polyaniline-doped electrode material prepared by the preparation method of the polyaniline-doped electrode material for the supercapacitor is applied to a button supercapacitor, wherein the polyaniline supercapacitor is formed by taking an inorganic protonic acid solution as an electrolyte, and a sandwich 2032 type button supercapacitor is assembled by a negative electrode shell, a negative electrode plate, a diaphragm, a positive electrode plate, a gasket, an elastic sheet and a positive electrode shell in sequence, wherein the diaphragm is one of a polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm, glass fiber paper and commercial filter paper.
According to the technical scheme, the mixed surfactant is used as an emulsifier in a compound system to construct a soft template, and the soft template is used as the soft template to synthesize the polyaniline electrode material with high specific capacity, good thermal stability, excellent reversibility and cycle performance and specific morphology.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:
1) a mixed surfactant is used as an emulsifier in a compound system to construct a double soft template, so that the directional synthesis of polyaniline is facilitated, and the porous three-dimensional structure ST-PANI with regular appearance and uniform dispersion is prepared;
2) the ST-PANI with the porous three-dimensional structure prepared by the technical scheme has larger specific surface area, wherein the porous structure is favorable for the transfer of protons, and the electrode material is a super capacitor electrode material with excellent performance, has higher specific capacity value in inorganic proton acid aqueous solution, has good cycle service life and rate capability, and effectively solves the problems of small specific capacity, low energy density and poor electrode cycle performance of the polyaniline material as a super capacitor;
3) the preparation method of the technical scheme is simple, high in reaction speed, easy to implement and controllable, can synthesize a large number of polyaniline nanofibers with regular shapes and high specific capacity and porous three-dimensional structures in one step, and is suitable for large-scale process production.
The method has the advantages of high reaction speed, simple operation and little pollution, and the doped polyaniline electrode material prepared by the method has high specific capacity, good thermal stability, excellent reversibility and cycle performance and specific morphology, and can be applied to electrode materials of button supercapacitors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of polyaniline prepared by using a double soft template in an example;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of polyaniline prepared without using a soft template in the example;
FIG. 3 is a constant current charging and discharging curve diagram of a polyaniline supercapacitor prepared by using double soft templates, a single soft template and no soft template in the example;
FIG. 4 shows that the current densities of the polyaniline supercapacitors prepared by using the double soft templates in the examples are 0.1A g-1、0.2 A g-1And 0.4A g-1The constant current charging and discharging curve chart of (1), wherein the potential windows are all 0-0.8V.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1:
1) placing 2.0 mL of Tween-80, 5.7 g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 1.0M HCl solution in 250 mL round-bottom flask at 60 r min-1Magnetically stirring for 30 min, mixingHomogenizing to obtain solution A;
2) continuing at 60 r min-1Adding 1.5 mL of Aniline (AN) into the solution A obtained in the step 1) at the stirring speed, and magnetically stirring to obtain a solution B;
3) at 60 r min-1Slowly adding Ammonium Persulfate (APS) (n) to the solution B obtained in step 2) at a stirring speed of (1)AN:nAPS= 1: 1), stirring for 12 h at room temperature by magnetic force;
4) collecting the crude product, and washing the product with deionized water, acetone and deionized water in sequence until the filtrate is neutral;
5) vacuum drying the washed product at 60 ℃ for 24 h to obtain dark green powder, namely obtaining ST-PANI prepared by a double soft template, characterizing the morphology of the prepared ST-PANI, wherein a scanning electron microscope image of the prepared ST-PANI is shown in figure 1, and compared with a scanning electron microscope image of PANI prepared without the soft template, as shown in figure 2, the ST-PANI fiber has increased pores, is loose and porous and is more uniformly dispersed;
6) the three-dimensional ST-PANI prepared by the steps is used as an electrode material for preparing a 3D nano structure for a super capacitor, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: according to three-dimensional ST-PANI as active material: acetylene black as a conductive agent: uniformly mixing PTFE serving as a binder in a mass ratio of 80:10:10 to obtain mixed slurry of the electrode material;
7) the mixed slurry of the electrode material obtained by the preparation method is used for preparing the electrode material of the electrode plate in the super capacitor, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: pressing the mixed slurry into thin electrode pieces with thickness of about 0.15 mm, and cutting into pieces with area of 1.2 cm2Drying the circular electrode plates, selecting two electrode plates as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively, and using the electrode plates as the positive electrode and the negative electrode to be 1.0M H2SO4The solution is used as electrolyte, and a sandwich 2032 type button super capacitor is assembled by a negative electrode shell, a negative electrode plate, a diaphragm, a positive electrode plate, a gasket, an elastic sheet and a positive electrode shell in sequence;
8) testing the capacitance characteristic of the button type super capacitor obtained in the step 7) by adopting a two-electrode system: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the specific capacity of the single electrode of ST-PANI is 514.43F g-1And PANI single powerVery specific capacity of only 392.65F g-1The result shows that the polyaniline super capacitor synthesized by adopting the double soft templates has larger specific capacity.
Example 2:
1) placing 2.0 mL tween-80 or 5.7 g sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 1.0M HCl solution in 250 mL round-bottom flask at 60 r min-1Magnetically stirring for 30 min at the speed of (1), and uniformly mixing to obtain a solution A;
2) continuing at 60 r min-1Adding 1.5 mL of aniline into the solution A obtained in the step 1) at the stirring speed, and magnetically stirring to obtain a solution B;
3) at 60 r min-1Slowly adding APS (n) to the solution B obtained in step 2) at a stirring speed ofAN:nAPS= 1: 1), stirring for 12 h at room temperature by magnetic force;
4) collecting the crude product, and washing the product with deionized water, acetone and deionized water in sequence until the filtrate is neutral;
5) vacuum drying the washed product at 60 ℃ for 24 h to obtain dark green powder, namely obtaining polyaniline T-PANI or S-PANI prepared by a single surfactant;
6) the three-dimensional T-PANI or S-PANI prepared by the steps is used as an electrode material for preparing the super capacitor, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: acetylene black as a conductive agent: uniformly mixing PTFE serving as a binder in a mass ratio of 80:10:10 to obtain mixed slurry of the electrode material;
7) the mixed slurry of the electrode material prepared by the preparation method is used for preparing the electrode material of the electrode plate in the super capacitor, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: pressing the mixed slurry into thin electrode pieces with thickness of about 0.15 mm, and cutting into pieces with area of 1.2 cm2Drying the circular electrode plates, selecting two electrode plates as positive and negative electrodes, respectively, separating the two electrode plates with a layer of porous diaphragm paper of 1.0M H2SO4The solution is used as electrolyte, and a sandwich 2032 type button super capacitor is assembled by a negative electrode shell, a negative electrode plate, a diaphragm, a positive electrode plate, a gasket, an elastic sheet and a positive electrode shell in sequence.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a doped polyaniline electrode material for a supercapacitor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a soft template: accurately weighing 2.0-5.0 mL of nonionic surfactant and 5.0-10.0 g of anionic surfactant, and dissolving in 1.0-4.0M of inorganic protonic acid to obtain a double soft template;
2) adding an aniline monomer: placing the double soft templates obtained in the step 1) in a round-bottom flask, magnetically stirring, and adding newly steamed aniline AN to obtain a solution A;
3) and (3) oxidative polymerization: slowly adding an oxidant into the solution A, magnetically stirring for 12-24 hours at room temperature, and carrying out emulsion polymerization reaction to obtain a dark green emulsion;
4) collecting a crude product: adding acetone to demulsify, performing suction filtration, and sequentially washing a filter cake with deionized water, acetone and deionized water to neutrality until the filtrate is colorless;
5) vacuum drying the washed product at 60-80 deg.C for 24 h to obtain doped polyaniline prepared by double soft templates, namely ST-PANI, to obtain dark green doped polyaniline;
6) preparing an electrode material: drying the ST-PANI prepared in the step 5), then uniformly mixing the dried doped polyaniline serving as an active substance with a binder and a conductive agent according to a mass ratio of 80:10:10, adding 7.0-10.0 mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 3 h to form a paste, pressing into a thin electrode plate with the thickness of 0.15 mm, and finally cutting the thin electrode plate into the electrode plate with the area of 1.2 cm by using a die2The circular electrode plates are dried, and two electrode plates with consistent quality are selected to be used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively.
2. The method for preparing the doped polyaniline electrode material for the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the non-ionic surfactant in the step 1) is one of tween-20, tween-60 and tween-80.
3. The method for preparing the doped polyaniline electrode material for the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant in the step 1) is one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium hexadecyl sulfate.
4. The method for preparing the doped polyaniline electrode material for the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic protonic acid in step 1) is at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
5. The method for preparing the doped polyaniline electrode material for the supercapacitor according to claim 1, wherein the oxidant in the step 3) is at least one of manganese dioxide, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide and ferric chloride, and the mass ratio of the oxidant to the aniline monomer is 1: 1.
6. The doped polyaniline electrode material prepared by the method for preparing the doped polyaniline electrode material for the supercapacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The use of the doped polyaniline electrode material prepared by the method for preparing a doped polyaniline electrode material for a supercapacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in a button supercapacitor, wherein the polyaniline supercapacitor is a 2032 type sandwich supercapacitor assembled by using an inorganic protonic acid solution as an electrolyte according to the sequence of a negative electrode casing, a negative electrode sheet, a diaphragm, a positive electrode sheet, a gasket, a spring sheet and a positive electrode casing, and the diaphragm is one of a polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm, glass fiber paper and commercial filter paper.
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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