CN113156661B - 3D display device - Google Patents
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- CN113156661B CN113156661B CN202110374229.1A CN202110374229A CN113156661B CN 113156661 B CN113156661 B CN 113156661B CN 202110374229 A CN202110374229 A CN 202110374229A CN 113156661 B CN113156661 B CN 113156661B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
Abstract
The invention discloses 3D display equipment, and relates to the technical field of display. The 3D display device comprises a monitoring component; the monitoring subassembly is used for monitoring 3D display device's illumination intensity, when illumination intensity surpassed preset light intensity, the monitoring subassembly is used for controlling 3D display device and gets into the guard mode, and this guard mode specifically is the illumination intensity of adjustment 3D display device outgoing to user's eyes light, makes user's eyes received illumination intensity reduce relatively, avoids user's eyes to receive unusual intense illumination damage to avoid the serious injury that causes user's eyes when 3D display device is impaired.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a 3D display device.
Background
From the CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) era to the liquid crystal era and further to the now coming OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) era, the display industry has been developing for decades and is becoming more and more diverse. The display industry is closely related to our life, and display technologies cannot be separated from traditional mobile phones, flat panels, televisions and PCs to current intelligent wearable devices and VR and other electronic devices.
In order to meet the stereoscopic display requirements of people on display devices, holographic 3D display becomes a major development direction in the current display field. The core part of the holographic 3D display device is a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM), and transmits incident Light to the eyes of a user through the SLM and other structures, so as to achieve the acquisition of a picture by the user through the holographic 3D display device.
When the holographic 3D display equipment is applied to target applications such as vehicle-mounted display equipment, if problems of SLM damage, displacement and the like caused by accidents occur, the condition that at least part of SLM leaves the light path can occur; at this time, the light intensity received by the user's eyes through the holographic 3D display device is increased from the normal state, and the abnormally strong focused light beam continuously irradiates the pupil of the user, which may cause serious damage to the user's eyes.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a 3D display device, which is configured to implement real-time monitoring and control of illumination intensity of emergent light of the 3D display device by adding a monitoring component, so as to reduce damage to eyes of a user when the 3D display device is damaged.
The application provides a 3D display device, which comprises a monitoring component;
the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the illumination intensity of the 3D display equipment, and when the illumination intensity exceeds preset light intensity, the monitoring assembly is used for controlling the 3D display equipment to enter a protection state.
Compared with the prior art, the 3D display equipment provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
this application is through addding the monitoring subassembly in 3D display device, illumination intensity to 3D display device monitors, when the illumination intensity that sees through 3D display device increases unusually, control 3D display device gets into the protected state, specifically be the illumination intensity of adjusting this 3D display device outgoing to user's eyes in light, make user's eyes received illumination intensity reduce relatively, avoid user's eyes to receive the damage of unusual illumination intensity, thereby avoid the injury that causes user's eyes when 3D display device is impaired.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the present invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art holographic 3D display device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the destruction of a spatial light modulator of a prior art holographic 3D display device;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling the 3D display device 100 to enter a protection state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a top view of a 3D display device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the combination circuit of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of the combined circuit of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a further schematic diagram of the combined circuit of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating an electrical schematic of a phototransistor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a top view of a 3D display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating another structure of a grating provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a plurality of gratings according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic view illustrating another structure of the grating according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be discussed further in subsequent figures.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a prior art holographic 3D display device is shown, and referring to fig. 1, the prior art holographic 3D display device includes a light source device 91, a spatial light modulator 92, a grating assembly 93, and a condenser lens 96, where the light source device 91 includes a light emitting portion 911 (point light source/laser) and a beam expanding and collimating assembly 912. Referring to fig. 1, when light emitted from the light emitting portion 911 passes through the beam expanding and collimating assembly 912 in the 3D Display device, the light with relatively high light intensity is emitted to the spatial light modulator 92, where the spatial light modulator 92 is formed by two LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) panels for phase modulation and amplitude modulation, which are attached to each other with pixel-level precision, so that incident light sequentially passes through corresponding pixels of the two panels, and the amplitude and the phase are respectively regulated and controlled, thereby completing holographic Display; the light emitted from the spatial light modulator 92 passes through the condenser 96 and the grating assembly 93, and the grating assembly 93 adjusts the deflection angle of the light adjusted by the spatial light modulator 92, so that the light with different trends is incident into the eyes of the user, and the light irradiates the pupil of the user in a gathering and continuous manner.
Among them, since the transmittance of two LCD panels is small, the transmittance is generally in the order of 1%. When the holographic 3D display equipment is applied to target applications such as vehicle-mounted display equipment, if problems of SLM damage, displacement and the like caused by accidents occur, the condition that at least part of SLM leaves the light path can occur; at this time, the light intensity received by the user's eyes through the holographic 3D display device is increased compared with the normal state, and the focused light beam with abnormal intensity continuously irradiates the pupil of the user, which may cause serious damage to the user's eyes. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a damaged spatial light modulator of a holographic 3D display device in the prior art, and specifically, referring to fig. 2, a situation that a spatial light modulator 92' of the holographic 3D display device in fig. 2 is damaged occurs. As shown in fig. 2, when the spatial light modulator is damaged, after light emitted from the light emitting portion 911 passes through the beam expanding and collimating assembly 912 in the 3D display device, light with a relatively high intensity is directly emitted to the condenser lens 96 and the grating assembly 93, and the condenser lens 96 and the grating assembly 93 are still used for irradiating the light to the pupil of the user in a concentrated and continuous manner, which may cause a very large amount of light continuously emitted to the pupil of the user and cause serious damage to the eye of the user.
In view of this, the invention provides a 3D display device, which is configured to implement real-time monitoring and control of illumination intensity of emergent light of the 3D display device by adding a monitoring component, so as to reduce serious damage to eyes of a user when the 3D display device is damaged.
As can be seen from the holographic 3D display device shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the prior art, the 3D display device uses a human eye tracking method to continuously irradiate light emitted from a light source device to the pupil position of a user in a manner of focusing a light beam, that is, light emitted from the 3D display device is not scattered, and most of the light beam is focused on the eye of the user; if the SLM in the 3D display device is damaged or displaced, the illumination intensity of the focused light beam irradiated to the eyes of the user will be increased by tens of times or hundreds of times compared with the normal condition, and when the abnormally strong light beam continuously focuses and irradiates the eyes of the user, serious damage may be caused to the eyes of the user. Therefore, when the SLM in a 3D display device is damaged, it is necessary to reduce or eliminate the focused illumination of the user's eye by the abnormally intense beam.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a process of controlling the 3D display device 100 to enter a protection state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 4 is a top view illustrating the 3D display device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to fig. 3 and fig. 4, the present disclosure provides a 3D display device 100, which includes a monitoring component (not shown in the drawings);
the monitoring component is used for monitoring the illumination intensity of the 3D display device 100, and when the illumination intensity exceeds a preset light intensity, the monitoring component is used for controlling the 3D display device 100 to enter a protection state.
Specifically, with continuing reference to fig. 3 and 4, the present application provides a 3D display device 100, where the 3D display device 100 may include a display area 01 and a non-display area 02, where an alternative embodiment is provided where the non-display area 02 is disposed around the display area 01; however, it should be noted that, in the present application, the setting of the display area and the non-display area of the 3D display device is not specifically limited, and a user may perform corresponding adjustment on the display area and the non-display area according to actual requirements.
The application provides a be provided with the monitoring subassembly in this 3D display device 100's the display area 01, specifically as step 101 in fig. 3, this monitoring subassembly is used for monitoring the illumination intensity of the light of 3D display device 100 outgoing, judge whether illumination intensity exceeds preset light intensity through step 102, when the illumination intensity that the monitoring subassembly sensing was normal value, as shown in step 103, show that this 3D display device 100 is in normal condition, can not cause the injury to the user who uses this equipment, also need not to regulate and control 3D display device 100. However, when the monitoring component senses that the illumination intensity of the 3D display device 100 exceeds the preset light intensity, the illumination intensity of the 3D display device 100 to be emitted to the user is hard to bear by the eyes of the user, and there is a risk of causing serious injury to the eyes of the user; at this time, as shown in step 104, the monitoring component is configured to control the 3D display device 100 to enter a protection state, specifically, adjust the illumination intensity of the light emitted from the 3D display device to the eyes of the user, so that the illumination intensity received by the eyes of the user is relatively reduced, and light with abnormally strong illumination intensity is prevented from being emitted from the 3D display device 100 to the eyes of the user, thereby preventing the eyes of the user from being damaged due to the abnormally strong light beam.
It should be noted that the components and the corresponding detailed structures included in the monitoring assembly are described in examples in the following, and please refer to the following in combination.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another 3D display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a combining circuit of fig. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 8 is another schematic structural diagram of a combining circuit of fig. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of a combining circuit of fig. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, fig. 5 shows an optical path diagram when the spatial light modulator 12 in the 3D display device is not damaged; fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a 3D display device in which the spatial light modulator 12' is damaged and the light source device 11 does not emit light; fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of an optical path of a combining circuit when the spatial light modulator 12 in a 3D display device is not damaged; fig. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams of an optical path of a combining circuit when the spatial light modulator 12' in the 3D display device is damaged.
Referring to fig. 4 to 9, optionally, the light source device 11, the spatial light modulator 12 and the grating assembly 13 are further included, and light emitted from the light source device 11 sequentially passes through the spatial light modulator 12 and the grating assembly 13 and then is emitted;
the monitoring assembly includes a control circuit 14;
the monitoring component controls the 3D display device 100 to enter the protection state including:
the control circuit 14 controls the light source device 11 to be turned off; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the control circuit 14 controls the grating assembly 13 to enter a strong diffraction state; alternatively, the first and second liquid crystal display panels may be,
the control circuit 14 controls the grating assembly 13 to adjust the propagation direction of the light, so that the propagation direction of the light emitted from the grating assembly 13 deviates from a first direction, which is the propagation direction of the light emitted from the grating assembly 13 before entering the protection state.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the 3D display device 100 provided by the present application further includes a light source device 11, a spatial light modulator 12 and a grating assembly 13 in addition to the monitoring assembly described above, wherein the light source device 11 includes a light emitting portion 111 (a point light source/laser) and a beam expanding and collimating assembly 112, the light emitting portion 111 is used for emitting coherent RGB three-color light in time sequence; the spatial light modulator 12 includes two LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) panels for phase modulation and amplitude modulation, which are attached to each other with pixel-level precision, so that incident light sequentially passes through corresponding pixels of the two panels, and the amplitude and phase are respectively controlled, thereby completing holographic Display; the grating component 13 is used for adjusting the deflection angle of the light adjusted by the spatial light modulator 12, and making the light with different directions incident into two eyes of a user, thereby realizing large-angle holographic display; that is, the light emitted from the light source device 11 passes through the spatial light modulator 12 and the grating assembly 13 in order and then is emitted to the eyes of the user.
As shown in fig. 7-9, the monitoring component in the 3D display device 100 of the present application includes a control circuit 14, and the control circuit 14 can be at least used for blocking the focused exit of the abnormally intense light in the 3D display device 100 towards the user's eye.
It should be noted that, with respect to fig. 5 and 7, the spatial light modulator 12 'shown in fig. 6, 8 and 9 is in a damaged state, that is, the spatial light modulator 12' is displaced with respect to the position of the spatial light modulator 12 located between the beam expanding and collimating assembly 112 and the grating assembly 13. However, the damage pattern of the spatial light modulator 12 'shown in fig. 6, 8, and 9 of the present application is merely an illustration, and is not a limitation on the damage pattern of the spatial light modulator 12'.
As shown in fig. 6, in combination with the circuits in fig. 7 to fig. 9, the control circuit 14 in the monitoring component controls the light source device 11 in the 3D display device 100 to turn off, specifically, turns off the light emitting part 111, so as to directly block the light emission of the 3D display device 100, so that no light is emitted from the 3D display device 100 to the eyes of the user, and light with abnormally strong illumination intensity is prevented from being emitted from the 3D display device 100 to the eyes of the user, so as to avoid the risk that the eyes of the user are damaged due to being irradiated by the abnormally strong light beam.
Secondly, as shown in fig. 8, the control circuit 14 regulates the grating assembly 13 to adjust the propagation direction of the light, specifically, regulates the grating assembly 13 to enter a strong diffraction state, so as to change the light that is originally emitted from the 3D display device 100 directly to the eyes of the user into light that is diffracted to a large range, and prevent the light that is emitted from the 3D display device 100 from being focused and then being transmitted only to the eyes of the user, which is equivalent to reducing the quantity of light emitted from the 3D display device 100 to the eyes of the user, thereby effectively preventing the eyes of the user from being damaged by abnormal strong light.
Thirdly, as shown in fig. 9, the control circuit 14 adjusts the grating assembly 13 to adjust the propagation direction of the light, so that the propagation direction of the light emitted from the grating assembly 13 deviates from a first direction, where the first direction is the propagation direction of the light emitted from the grating assembly 13 before entering the protection state; note that the propagation direction of the light emitted after passing through the grating assembly 13 is originally focused on the eye of the user. Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, in order to adjust and control the grating assembly 13, the light that is originally emitted from the 3D display device 100 directly to the eyes of the user is changed into the light that is mainly emitted to other directions (directions corresponding to non-eyes), and the light that is emitted from the 3D display device 100 is prevented from being focused and then only transmitted to the eyes of the user, which is equivalent to reducing the quantity of light that is emitted to the eyes of the user by the 3D display device 100, so that the eyes of the user can be effectively prevented from being damaged by the abnormally strong light.
It should be noted that, the setting area where the control circuit 14 is located may further include a backlight control circuit 141 (as shown in fig. 7), two ends of the backlight control circuit 141 are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit 14 and the light emitting part 111 in the light source device 11, so as to regulate the turning on and off of the light source device 11 when receiving a signal from the control circuit 14, thereby implementing that when the illumination intensity emitted by the 3D display device 100 exceeds the preset intensity, the light emitting part 111 of the light source device 11 is turned off by the backlight control circuit 141 (as shown in fig. 5), and light with abnormally strong illumination intensity is prevented from being emitted from the 3D display device 100 to the eyes of the user.
In addition, it should be noted that, a field lens 16 may also be included in the 3D display device 100, and the field lens 16 is located between the spatial light modulator 12 and the grating assembly 13; the field lens 16 is at least used to improve the ability of marginal rays of the light emitted from the spatial light modulator 12 to enter the grating assembly 13, and improve the light emitting effect of the 3D display device 100.
With reference to fig. 4 to fig. 9, optionally, the 3D display device 100 further includes a light source device 11, a spatial light modulator 12, and a grating assembly 13, where light emitted from the light source device 11 sequentially passes through the spatial light modulator 12 and the grating assembly 13 and then is emitted;
the grating assembly 13 includes at least one grating 131;
the monitoring assembly comprises a photosensitive unit 15, the photosensitive unit 15 is used for sensing the illumination intensity of the light emitted by the light source device 11 and transmitted to the grating 131;
the photosensitive unit 15 is located at the grating 131.
Specifically, the raster assembly 13 in the 3D display device 100 provided by the present application may include one raster, two rasters, three rasters, and the like, the number of rasters 131 included in the raster assembly 13 is not specifically limited by the present application, and a user may perform corresponding adjustment according to actual needs.
The monitoring component of the 3D display device 100 includes the light sensing unit 15, the light sensing unit 15 is configured to sense the illumination intensity of the light emitted from the light source device 11 and transmitted to the grating 131, the light sensing unit 15 actually performs a real-time monitoring function on the illumination intensity of the light to be emitted to the eyes of the user, and when the illumination intensity monitored by the light sensing unit 15 is less than or equal to the preset illumination intensity, the light emitted from the light source device 11 to the eyes of the user does not damage the eyes of the user, and the light emitted to the eyes of the user does not need to be adjusted; when the light intensity monitored by the light sensing unit 15 is greater than the preset light intensity, and at this time, when the abnormally strong focused light beam emitted by the light source device 11 continuously irradiates the position of the pupil of the user, there is a risk of causing serious injury to the eye of the user, so that the abnormally strong light is prevented from continuously performing focused propagation to the pupil of the user by controlling the light source device 11 to be turned off or by controlling the grating component 13 to adjust the propagation direction of the light, thereby preventing the strong light from causing damage to the eye of the user, and preventing the occurrence of a situation that the personal safety of the user is damaged by using the 3D display device 100.
It should be noted that the light sensing units 15 added in the 3D display device 100 may be selectively disposed in the rasters 131, specifically, a plurality of light sensing units 15 may be selectively disposed in each of the rasters 131 in the raster assembly 13 of the 3D display device 100, or only a plurality of light sensing units 15 may be selectively disposed in a part of the rasters 131 in the raster assembly 13 of the 3D display device 100; the number and the arrangement position of the photosensitive units 15 disposed in the grating 131 (fig. 4 shows the plurality of grating electrodes 183 included in the grating 131) of the 3D display device 100 are not particularly limited, as long as the photosensitive units 15 disposed in the grating 131 can monitor the illumination intensity of the light emitted from the light source device 11.
It should be noted that, when only one grating 131 is included in the grating assembly 13 of the 3D display device 100, if only one photosensitive unit 15 is disposed in the grating 131, the photosensitive unit 15 can be selectively disposed at the center of the grating 131, and the light uniformity corresponding to the center of the grating 131 is better, at this time, the illumination intensity monitored by the photosensitive unit 15 is closer to the illumination intensity sensed by the user's eyes; that is, the light sensing unit 15 is disposed at the center of the grating 131, which is beneficial to improve the monitoring precision of the light sensing unit 15 for the illumination intensity of the light emitted from the light source device 11.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 11 is a schematic electrical symbol diagram of a light-sensing transistor according to an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 10 and fig. 11 based on fig. 4 to fig. 9, alternatively, the light-sensing unit 15 includes a light-sensing transistor 151.
Specifically, the light sensing unit 15 for sensing the illumination intensity of the light emitted from the light source device 11 in the present application may be specifically configured as a light sensing transistor 151; in a direction pointing to the grating assembly 13 along the light source device 11, the film structure of the phototransistor 151 sequentially includes a first active layer 51, a first gate electrode 52, and a source/drain metal layer 53 (including a source 531 and a drain 532), wherein the first active layer 51 of the phototransistor 151 can be made of an organic material having both photosensitivity and semiconductor properties. In an alternative embodiment, the first gate 52 of each photo transistor 151 may be electrically connected to the source 531 to form a photo diode functional device; the magnitude of the illumination intensity is judged by detecting the current under the reverse bias of the photosensitive diode.
Specifically, when the photodiode is irradiated by light emitted from the light source device 11, the greater the light intensity of the light, the greater the current passing through the photodiode, and when the current passing through the photodiode is greater than a certain set threshold current, the state corresponding to the light intensity is too large, and at this time, the 3D display device 100 is adjusted by the control circuit 14 to enter the protection state. The source 531 and the drain 532 of the light sensing unit 15 are electrically connected to the control circuit 14 through the trace 17, the control circuit 14 may include the backlight control circuit 141, and the control circuit 14 is further electrically connected to the grating 131; when the current flowing through the photodiode is greater than a certain set threshold current, the backlight control circuit 141 in the control circuit 14 may drive the light source device 11 to turn off, directly blocking the light emission of the 3D display device 100; the control circuit 14 may also control the optical grating assembly 13 to adjust the propagation direction of light, so that light directly emitted from the 3D display device 100 to the eyes of the user is changed into light diffracted to a large range, or light is emitted in a direction away from the eyes, so as to prevent the light emitted from the 3D display device 100 from being transmitted only to the eyes of the user, and thus prevent the eyes of the user from being damaged due to the irradiation of an abnormally strong light beam.
Referring to fig. 4-10, optionally, the grating 131 includes:
a first substrate 181 and a second substrate 182 disposed opposite to each other;
a plurality of grating electrodes 183 between the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182, extending in the second direction and arranged in the third direction;
a liquid crystal layer 184 positioned between the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182;
a drive circuit 41 electrically connected to the plurality of grating electrodes 183;
the monitoring component also comprises a control circuit 14 and a wiring 17, and the photosensitive unit 15 is electrically connected with the control circuit 14 through the wiring 17;
the photosensitive unit 15 and the driving circuit 41 are manufactured by the same process.
Specifically, any one of the rasters 131 in the 3D display device 100 includes a first substrate 181 and a second substrate 182 that are oppositely disposed, a plurality of raster electrodes 183, a liquid crystal layer 184, and a driving circuit 41, wherein the plurality of raster electrodes 183 are located between the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182, and as illustrated in fig. 4, the raster electrodes 183 each extend in the second direction and are arranged in the third direction; it should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 10, the distances between two adjacent grating electrodes 183 may be set to be the same, so that the grating electrodes 183 are uniformly arranged in the grating 131, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the emergent light passing through the grating 131. The driving circuit 41 is electrically connected to the plurality of grating electrodes 183, and is configured to apply a driving voltage to the grating electrodes 183 to drive the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 184 to deflect. In addition, a spacer 185 is further included between the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182 to support the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182, so as to prevent the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182 from deforming under the action of an external force.
It should be added that fig. 4 only takes the plurality of grating electrodes 183 as an example, which extend along the second direction and are arranged along the third direction, but the arrangement manner of the grating electrodes 183 in the grating 131 is not limited, and the specific arrangement details of the plurality of grating electrodes 183 in the grating 131 may be adjusted accordingly according to actual requirements. In addition, fig. 4 and 10 only show the spacers 185 by way of example, and do not represent the actual structure, actual arrangement position, actual arrangement number and the like of the spacers 15, and the arrangement of the spacers 185 by the user in actual application can be adjusted according to the requirement.
The monitoring assembly includes a control circuit 14 and a trace 17, the control circuit 14 can be disposed on the same layer (not shown in the figure) as the driving circuit 41 of the grating electrode 183, so as to avoid increasing the number of the original film layers of the grating 131 when the control circuit 14 is disposed, and avoid increasing the thickness of the grating 131; or the driving circuit 41 of the grating electrode 183 can be selected to be multiplexed as the control circuit 14, so as to simplify the manufacturing process of the grating 131 and save the manufacturing cost of the grating 131.
When the light sensing unit 15 is electrically connected to the control circuit 14 through the trace 17, specifically, the trace 17 may be electrically connected to the source and drain of the light sensing unit 15, and further electrically connected to the control circuit 14; in addition, the driving circuit 41 can also be manufactured by selecting the first active layer 51, the first gate 52, and the source/drain metal layer 53, that is, the photosensitive unit 15 and the driving circuit 41 can be manufactured by the same process, so that the manufacturing process of the grating 131 can be simplified, the manufacturing cost of the grating 131 can be saved, and the production efficiency of the grating 131 can be improved.
With reference to fig. 4-10, optionally, the line width of the trace 17 is D1, and D1 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 μm.
Specifically, the trace 17 for electrically connecting the photosensitive unit 15 and the control circuit 14 in the present application may be disposed on the source/drain metal layer 53, and the present application provides a manufacturing range of the line width of the trace 17 that is selectable is 0-2 μm, specifically greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 μm. The line width of the wiring 17 is set within the range, the thin wiring 17 does not affect the display effect, and the influence on the 3D display device 100 is avoided.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the extending direction of the routing lines 17 electrically connecting the photosensitive units 15 and the control circuit 14 is not specifically limited, and multiple routing lines 17 may be selectively arranged in parallel; in addition, as shown in fig. 4, the traces 17 may also be arranged in parallel with the grating electrodes 183, that is, the traces 17 are also arranged in a third direction and extend in the second direction. When the wires 17 and the grating electrodes 183 are arranged in parallel, each wire 17 can be further arranged between two adjacent grating electrodes 183 respectively, and the photosensitive units 15 electrically connected with the wires 17 are uniformly arranged in the grating 131, so that the wiring layout of each component in the grating 131 is simplified, and the monitoring precision of the photosensitive units 15 on the illumination intensity of the emergent light of the light source device 11 is improved.
Fig. 12 is another top view of the 3D display device provided in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 12 on the basis of fig. 4-10, in which an embodiment of non-parallel arrangement between the traces 17 is shown, because the line width of the trace 17 in the grating 131 is relatively small, the arrangement of the line width 17 does not significantly adversely affect the transmission of light from the grating 131, and therefore, the arrangement direction, the arrangement pitch, and the like of the trace 17 in the grating 131 are not specifically limited in the present application as long as the trace 17 can be used to electrically connect the photosensitive unit 15 and the control circuit 14.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of another structure of the grating provided in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 4-10 and fig. 13, optionally, the grating 131 includes a light shielding layer 186, the light shielding layer 186 is located on a side of the trace 17 away from the light source device 11, and the light shielding layer 186 covers the trace 17.
Specifically, the grating 131 provided by the present application further includes a light shielding layer 186, in the 3D display device 100, the light shielding layer 186 is located on one side of the routing line 17 away from the light source device 11, specifically, for example, the light shielding layer 186 may be located on one side of the liquid crystal layer 184 away from the routing line 17, and in a direction perpendicular to a plane where the grating 131 is located, an orthographic projection of the light shielding layer 186 may be disposed to cover the routing line 17; fig. 13 shows a configuration structure in which the light-shielding layer 186 covers the trace 17, that is, the trace 17 is disposed right below the light-shielding layer 186, so that the situation that the light reflection of the trace 17 is visible when the 3D display device 100 is in a display state can be avoided, and thus the influence of the setting of the trace 17 on the light-emitting effect of the 3D display device 100 is avoided.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 15 is a schematic spatial diagram of a plurality of gratings provided in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 14, and fig. 15, where optionally, the grating assembly 13 includes at least two gratings 131, and each grating 131 in the grating assembly 13 is stacked;
the photosensitive units 15 are respectively positioned on the at least two gratings 131;
in the lamination direction of the rasters 131, the photosensitive cells 15 in different rasters 131 do not overlap.
Specifically, the 3D display device 100 provided by the present application may also include a plurality of gratings 131 in the grating assembly 13, for example, two gratings 131 (as shown in fig. 14), three gratings 131 (as shown in fig. 15), and the like, where the plurality of gratings 131 in the grating assembly 13 are stacked; at this time, at least two light barriers 131 may be provided to include the light sensing unit 15, or each light barrier 131 may be provided to include the light sensing unit 15 (as shown in fig. 14 and 15), and the light intensity of the light to be emitted to the eyes of the user is actually monitored in real time through the light sensing unit 15. It should be noted that, in the present application, the number of the rasters 131 included in the raster assembly 13 is not specifically limited, and whether the photosensitive units 15 are required to be arranged in any one of the rasters 131, the number of the photosensitive units 15, and the like are not specifically limited, and a user can perform corresponding adjustment according to actual requirements.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 14 and fig. 15, when at least two or more rasters 131 are included in the raster assembly 13 of the 3D display device 100, the present application may set the photosensitive units 15 in different rasters 131 not to overlap in the stacking direction of the rasters 131; that is, in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the grating 131 is located, the orthographic projections of all the light sensing units 15 in the grating assembly 13 are not overlapped, and specifically, the orthographic projections of all the light sensing units 15 in the grating assembly 13 are uniformly distributed, so that the uniform sensing of the light sensing units 15 on the emergent light of the light source device 11 is facilitated, and the monitoring precision of the illumination intensity of the emergent light of the light source device 11 is improved.
Fig. 16 is another schematic structural diagram of a grating provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 4-10 and fig. 16, optionally, the grating 131 includes:
a first substrate 181 and a second substrate 182 disposed opposite to each other;
a plurality of grating electrodes 183 between the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182, extending in the second direction and arranged in the third direction;
a liquid crystal layer 184 between the first substrate 181 and the second substrate 182;
a driving circuit 41 electrically connected to the plurality of grating electrodes 183, for supplying a driving voltage to the grating electrodes 183;
when the illumination intensity exceeds the preset intensity, the driving voltage of at least part of the grating electrodes 183 is adjusted.
Specifically, the driving circuit 41 is electrically connected to the plurality of grating electrodes 183, and is configured to apply a driving voltage to the grating electrodes 183, thereby driving the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 184 to deflect. Specifically, when the illumination intensity monitored by the light sensing unit 15 in the monitoring assembly exceeds the preset light intensity, the abnormally strong focused light beam emitted by the light source device 11 continuously irradiates the position of the pupil of the user at this time, and there is a risk of causing serious injury to the eye of the user, so that the driving voltage of at least part of the grating electrodes 183 can be adjusted to control the grating assembly 13 to adjust the propagation direction of the light, thereby avoiding that the abnormally strong light continuously propagates in a focusing manner to the pupil of the user, further avoiding the risk of damaging the eye of the user by the strong light, and ensuring the personal safety of the user using the 3D display device 100.
Referring to fig. 16 in conjunction with fig. 10, the grating 131 further includes a common electrode 187, the common electrode 187 is located between the liquid crystal layer 184 and the light shielding layer 186, and an electric field generated between the common electrode 187 and the grating electrode 183 can also be used to drive the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules. When the illumination intensity monitored by the photosensitive unit 15 exceeds the preset light intensity, the grating 131 is driven to enter a protection state, specifically, for example, the driving voltage of the grating electrode 183 is controlled to be +9V, -9V, +9V, -9V \8230, the \8230issequentially set, and the driving voltage of the common electrode 187 is controlled to be 0V, so that the deflection of liquid crystal molecules is driven, the grating 131 enters a strong diffraction state, and the focused light is diffracted to a large range, or the deflection direction of the emergent light is emitted towards a direction away from human eyes; the illumination intensity received by the eyes of the user is relatively reduced, and the eyes of the user are prevented from being damaged by abnormal illumination intensity, so that the eyes of the user are prevented from being seriously damaged when the 3D display equipment is damaged.
According to the embodiment, the 3D display device provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the application is through providing a 3D display device, specifically be through add the monitoring subassembly in 3D display device, monitor 3D display device's illumination intensity, when the illumination intensity that sees through 3D display device increases unusually, control 3D display device and get into the protected state, specifically be the illumination intensity of adjusting this 3D display device outgoing to user's eyes in light, make user's eyes received illumination intensity reduce relatively, avoid user's eyes to receive the damage of unusual illumination intensity, thereby avoid the serious injury that leads to the fact user's eyes when 3D display device is impaired.
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The 3D display equipment is characterized by comprising a monitoring assembly, light source equipment, a spatial light modulator and a grating assembly, wherein light emitted by the light source equipment sequentially passes through the spatial light modulator and the grating assembly and then is emitted;
the monitoring component is used for monitoring the illumination intensity of the 3D display equipment, and when the illumination intensity exceeds preset light intensity, the monitoring component is used for controlling each 3D display equipment to enter any one protection state;
the monitoring assembly comprises a control circuit;
wherein the protection state comprises at least:
the control circuit controls the light source equipment to be closed; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the control circuit controls the grating assembly to enter a strong diffraction state; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the control circuit controls the grating assembly to adjust the propagation direction of light, so that the propagation direction of the light emitted from the grating assembly deviates from a first direction, and the first direction is the propagation direction of the light emitted from the grating assembly before entering a protection state.
2. 3D display device according to claim 1,
the grating assembly comprises at least one grating;
the monitoring assembly comprises a photosensitive unit, and the photosensitive unit is used for sensing the illumination intensity of the light emitted by the light source equipment and transmitted to the grating;
the photosensitive unit is located on the grating.
3. 3D display device according to claim 2,
the light sensing unit comprises a light sensing transistor.
4. 3D display device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the grating comprises:
the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;
a plurality of grating electrodes located between the first substrate and the second substrate, extending in a second direction and arranged in a third direction;
a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a driving circuit electrically connected to the plurality of grating electrodes;
the monitoring assembly further comprises a control circuit and a wiring, and the photosensitive unit is electrically connected with the control circuit through the wiring;
the photosensitive unit and the driving circuit are manufactured by the same process.
5. The 3D display device according to claim 4, wherein the line width of the traces is D1, and 0 < D1 ≦ 2 μm.
6. The 3D display device according to claim 4, wherein the grating comprises a light shielding layer, the light shielding layer is located on one side of the routing lines away from the light source device, and the light shielding layer covers the routing lines.
7. 3D display device according to claim 2,
the grating assembly comprises at least two gratings, and each grating in the grating assembly is arranged in a stacking mode;
the photosensitive units are respectively positioned on at least two gratings;
the photosensitive units in different gratings do not overlap in the stacking direction of the gratings.
8. 3D display device according to claim 2, characterized in that the grating comprises:
the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged;
a plurality of grating electrodes located between the first substrate and the second substrate, extending in a second direction and arranged in a third direction;
a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;
the driving circuit is electrically connected with the grating electrodes and is used for providing driving voltage for the grating electrodes;
and when the illumination intensity exceeds the preset light intensity, adjusting the driving voltage of at least part of the grating electrodes.
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