CN113154450A - Novel fuel atomization device and flame tube head structure with same - Google Patents
Novel fuel atomization device and flame tube head structure with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113154450A CN113154450A CN202110405390.0A CN202110405390A CN113154450A CN 113154450 A CN113154450 A CN 113154450A CN 202110405390 A CN202110405390 A CN 202110405390A CN 113154450 A CN113154450 A CN 113154450A
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- swirler
- air flow
- mounting
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- fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/30—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising fuel prevapourising devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
- F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fuel oil atomization device and a flame tube head structure with the same, comprising: the vortex device fixing assembly is characterized in that a vortex device assembly is arranged in a channel in the vortex device fixing assembly, an installation limiting ring is arranged between the vortex device assembly and the vortex device fixing assembly and used for enabling the vortex device assembly to be installed in a floating mode relative to the vortex device fixing assembly, and a fuel nozzle is inserted into a flow inlet end of the channel in the vortex device assembly. The wall surface of the swirler assembly is provided with a first swirl hole group, the first swirl hole group is used for introducing external air flow into an inner channel of the swirler assembly and forming high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed, and then the high-speed rotating air flow can shear fuel oil injected by the fuel nozzle into oil drops with tiny particle sizes. And a second swirl hole group is arranged in the wall surface of the swirler fixing component and used for introducing external air flow into a channel at the head part of the flame tube and forming a rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction and flows closely to the inner wall surface of the head part of the flame tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas turbine engine combustors, in particular to a novel fuel oil atomization device. In addition, the invention also relates to a flame tube head structure with the novel fuel oil atomizing device.
Background
The fuel oil atomizer is an important component of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine, each turbine power machine is provided with at least one nozzle for supplying fuel oil, an oil mist field is formed for combustion under the action of the atomizer, and the quality of the working performance of the fuel oil atomizer directly influences the ignition and flameout performance, the combustion performance, the pollutant discharge performance and the like of the combustion chamber.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a currently used fuel atomizing apparatus, which is composed of a nozzle and a stabilizer, wherein the stabilizer is fixed to a flame tube by welding, the stabilizer is a bowl-shaped bluff body structure, three air streams pass through the stabilizer, an air stream I enters a main combustion area from a narrow gap, and a backflow area is formed at the downstream of the stabilizer; the airflow II flows out through the inclined hole, and the air is used for cooling the inner wall surface of the stabilizer and blowing off carbon deposition; and the airflow III is mainly used for preventing carbon deposition on the end face of the nozzle. The fuel atomization quality of the fuel atomization device mainly depends on the design performance of the nozzle, and the requirement of the high-temperature-rise combustion chamber on the concentration field of the main combustion area cannot be met.
The fuel atomization device in use mainly has the following defects: firstly, the backflow zone mode formed by the stabilizer adopted in the fuel oil atomization device limits the air inflow of the fuel oil atomization device to be not large, otherwise, the speed of the backflow zone is high, the ignition performance and the combustion efficiency in a small state are influenced, but because the air inflow is small, the carbon deposition at the head part (10) of the flame tube is serious, and a large amount of smoke particles are easily generated in a main combustion zone to cause exhaust pollution; secondly, the stabilizer in the fuel oil atomizer is welded with the flame tube into a whole, the nozzle is inserted into a center hole of the stabilizer, the difference of expansion amounts generated by the flame tube and the combustion chamber casing due to different temperatures can only be compensated by adopting a sliding structure between the nozzle mounting seat and the nozzle rod, and the largest defect of adopting the sliding structure between the nozzle mounting seat and the nozzle rod is that air leakage is easy to generate, and the higher the pressure of the combustion chamber is, the larger the air leakage amount is; and thirdly, the quality of fuel atomization mainly depends on the design performance of a nozzle, and the requirement of a high-temperature-rise combustion chamber on a concentration field of a main combustion area cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel fuel oil atomization device and a flame tube head structure with the same, and aims to solve the technical problems that the carbon deposition at the head of a flame tube is serious, fuel oil leakage exists between a nozzle and a stabilizer, and the requirement of a high-temperature combustion chamber on a concentration field of a main combustion area cannot be met in the conventional flame tube head structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a novel fuel atomization device comprises: the swirler fixing assembly is a hollow cylinder with two communicated ends, a swirler assembly is arranged in an inner channel, an installation limiting ring is arranged between the swirler assembly and the swirler fixing assembly, the installation limiting ring is used for enabling the swirler assembly to be installed in a floating mode relative to the swirler fixing assembly, the swirler assembly is a hollow cylinder with two communicated ends, and a fuel nozzle is inserted into an inflow end of the inner channel; the wall surface of the swirler component is provided with a first swirl hole group, the first swirl hole group is used for introducing external air flow into an inner channel of the swirler component and forming high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows at a high speed along the circumferential direction, and then the high-speed rotating air flow shears the fuel injected by the fuel nozzle into oil drops with tiny particle sizes so as to realize atomization of the fuel; and a second swirl hole group is arranged in the wall surface of the swirler fixing component and used for introducing external air flow into a channel at the head part of the flame tube and forming a rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction and flows closely to the inner wall surface of the head part of the flame tube.
Furthermore, the swirler assembly comprises a primary swirler and a secondary swirler which are sleeved inside and outside and fixed into a whole; the first cyclone hole group comprises a first oblique cutting hole distributed on the primary cyclone, a second oblique cutting hole distributed on the secondary cyclone, a first air flow channel distributed in the primary cyclone and a second air flow channel distributed between the primary cyclone and the secondary cyclone; the first chamfering hole is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the primary cyclone and the first air flow channel so as to be used for introducing external air flow into the first air flow channel and forming first high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed; the second inclined cutting hole is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the secondary cyclone and a second air flow channel, the second air flow channel extends along the axial direction and is communicated to the outflow end of the primary cyclone, the second inclined cutting hole is matched with the second air flow channel to introduce external air flow into the second air flow channel and form second high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed; the second high-speed swirling air flow has a swirling direction opposite to that of the first high-speed swirling air flow for cooperating with shearing of the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle into fine-sized droplets.
Furthermore, the primary cyclone is hollow and cylindrical, a convex annular connecting flange is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the primary cyclone, and the fuel nozzle is inserted into the first air flow channel from the flow inlet end of the primary cyclone along the axial direction; the number of the first oblique cutting holes is multiple, and the first oblique cutting holes are distributed on the flow inlet side of the connecting flange; a plurality of first mitre holes are the heliciform along the circumference of one-level swirler and arrange at interval in proper order, and the inflow end and the end of effluenting of each first mitre hole communicate the periphery wall and the internal perisporium of one-level swirler respectively.
Furthermore, the secondary cyclone is hollow and cylindrical, the inflow end of the secondary cyclone is welded and fixed with the outflow side of the connecting flange, and the secondary cyclone and the primary cyclone are installed at intervals along the radial direction to form a shaft-cylindrical second air flow channel; the quantity of second mitre hole is a plurality of, and a plurality of second mitre holes are the heliciform along secondary cyclone's circumference and arrange at interval in proper order, and the direction of rotation of second mitre hole is opposite with the direction of rotation of first mitre hole to the inflow end and the end of effluenting of each second mitre hole communicate secondary cyclone's periphery wall and second air flow way respectively.
Furthermore, the inner peripheral wall of the swirler fixing component is provided with a concave annular mounting ring groove; the outer peripheral wall of the secondary cyclone is provided with a convex annular mounting flange which is inserted into the corresponding mounting ring groove along the radial direction; the installation spacing ring is circlip, and circlip installs on the excircle of second grade swirler, and along the axial chucking between the inlet side of mounting flange and the interior anchor ring of mounting ring groove to be arranged in mounting flange along the axial chucking in the mounting ring groove, and then make the relative swirler fixed subassembly floating mount of swirler subassembly.
Furthermore, the swirler fixing assembly comprises an installation bushing and a fixing ring which are sleeved inside and outside and detachably connected, the swirler assembly is installed in an inner channel of the installation bushing in a floating mode, and the fixing ring is used for being welded and fixed with the inner wall surface of the head of the flame tube so as to install the swirler fixing assembly; the second rotational flow hole group comprises a third oblique cutting hole arranged on the mounting bushing and a third air flow channel arranged between the mounting bushing and the secondary cyclone; the third oblique cutting hole is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the mounting bushing and a third air flow channel, the third air flow channel extends in the axial direction and is communicated to the outflow end of the mounting bushing, the third oblique cutting hole is matched with the third air flow channel, external air flow is introduced into an inner channel of the outflow end of the mounting bushing, and a rotary covering air film which rotates in the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the head of the flame tube is formed.
Furthermore, the fixing ring is in a hollow ring shape, and the outer ring surface of the fixing ring is used for being welded and fixed with the inner wall surface of the head of the flame tube; the mounting bush is in a hollow cylinder shape, the outer ring surface of the mounting bush is in threaded connection with the inner ring surface of the fixing ring, and the mounting bush and the secondary cyclone are installed at intervals along the radial direction to form a shaft-cylinder-shaped third air flow channel; the quantity of third chamfer hole is a plurality of, and a plurality of third chamfer holes are the heliciform along the circumference of installation bush and interval arranges in proper order, and the inflow end and the end of effluenting of each third chamfer hole communicate the periphery wall and the third air flow way of installation bush respectively.
Further, the swirler fixing assembly further comprises a check washer for preventing the mounting bushing from loosening; the lock washer is arranged on the excircle of the mounting bushing and is clamped between the mounting bushing and the fixing ring along the axial direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a torch head structure comprising: the novel fuel oil atomization device comprises a cylindrical flame tube head and the novel fuel oil atomization device which is arranged in a channel in the flame tube head and is provided with any one of the flame tube head and the novel fuel oil atomization device.
Furthermore, the flame tube head comprises a hollow tube-shaped head tube body and an annular mounting annular wall connected in a channel in the head tube body; the novel fuel oil atomization device is arranged in a channel of the installation annular wall, and the outer peripheral wall of a swirler fixing component of the novel fuel oil atomization device is welded and fixed with the inner annular surface of the installation annular wall; the mounting ring wall is provided with a divergence hole for external air flow to enter the inner side of the head cylinder, the divergence hole is used for introducing the external air flow into the inner side of the head cylinder, and a covering reinforcing air film which rotates in the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the head cylinder is formed, so that the covering reinforcing air film and the rotary covering air film ejected by the novel fuel oil atomization device are matched to strengthen the protection of the inner wall surface of the head cylinder.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the novel fuel oil atomization device, the external air flow forms the high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed, and the fuel oil sprayed by the fuel oil nozzle is sheared by the high-speed rotating air flow, so that the fuel oil forms oil drops with tiny particle sizes, the atomization of the fuel oil is further realized, the fuel oil atomization particle sizes are tiny, and the atomization effect is good, so that the head air flow structure and the fuel oil concentration distribution of a combustion chamber can be effectively improved, and the combustion chamber is ensured to have good point flameout performance, good outlet temperature field and low pollution emission performance under a wide working state, so that the device disclosed by the invention is better suitable for the combustion chamber with high temperature rise and low emission; in the novel fuel atomization device, the mounting limit ring is arranged between the swirler assembly and the swirler fixing assembly, so that the swirler assembly is in floating mounting relative to the swirler fixing assembly, thereby effectively compensating the deviation between the center of the fuel nozzle and the center of the swirler fixing assembly fixed at the head of the flame tube, which is generated due to different thermal expansion, and further reducing the fuel atomization deterioration caused by eccentricity; in the novel fuel oil atomization device, the rotary covering air film which flows in a rotating mode along the circumferential direction is formed on the wall surface of the head of the flame tube through the external air flow, and the rotary covering air film is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the head of the flame tube, so that the inner wall surface of the head of the flame tube is protected, fuel oil drops are effectively isolated from being contacted with the wall surface of the high-temperature head, and head carbon deposition is favorably prevented from being formed.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a prior art fuel atomization device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a spatial structure of a novel fuel atomizing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional front view of the novel fuel atomizing apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the head structure of the flame tube according to the preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a view from F1 of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a partial sectional structural view of fig. 7.
Description of the figures
10. A flame tube head; 101. a diverging aperture; 11. a head cylinder; 12. installing the annular wall; 20. a swirler retaining assembly; 202. a third chamfered hole; 203. a third air flow path; 21. installing a bushing; 22. a fixing ring; 23. a lock washer; 30. a swirler assembly; 301. a first chamfer hole; 302. a second chamfer hole; 303. a first air flow passage; 304. a second air flow passage; 31. a primary swirler; 311. a connecting flange; 32. a secondary cyclone; 321. a mounting flange; 40. installing a limiting ring; 50. and a fuel nozzle.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a novel fuel atomization apparatus, including: the swirler assembly is used for fixing the swirler fixing assembly 20 with the flame tube head 10, the swirler fixing assembly 20 is in a hollow cylinder shape with two communicated ends, a swirler assembly 30 is arranged in an inner channel of the swirler assembly, an installation limiting ring 40 is arranged between the swirler assembly 30 and the swirler fixing assembly 20, the installation limiting ring 40 is used for enabling the swirler assembly 30 to be installed in a floating mode relative to the swirler fixing assembly 20, the swirler assembly 30 is in a hollow cylinder shape with two communicated ends, and a fuel nozzle 50 is inserted into an inflow end of the inner channel. The wall surface of the swirler assembly 30 is provided with a first swirl hole group, the first swirl hole group is used for introducing an external air flow into an inner channel thereof and forming a high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows at a high speed along the circumferential direction, so that the fuel injected by the fuel nozzle 50 is sheared into oil drops with small particle size by the high-speed rotating air flow, and atomization of the fuel is realized. The wall surface of the swirler fixing assembly 20 is provided with a second swirl hole group, and the second swirl hole group is used for introducing external air flow into the channel of the flame tube head 10 and forming a rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10.
When the novel fuel oil atomizing device works, fuel oil is sprayed into an inner channel of the swirler assembly 30 through the fuel oil nozzle 50, meanwhile, part of external air flow is introduced into the inner channel of the swirler assembly 30 through the first swirl hole group on the swirler assembly 30, high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows at a high speed along the circumferential direction is formed in the inner channel, and the high-speed rotating air flow carries out high-speed shearing on the fuel oil sprayed by the fuel oil nozzle 50 so as to shear the fuel oil into oil drops with tiny particle sizes, thereby realizing the atomization of the fuel oil; the other part of the external air flow enters the inner channel of the flame tube head 10 through the second swirl hole group on the swirler fixing assembly 20, and the introduced air flow forms a rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction in the inner channel of the flame tube head 10 and flows along the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10, and the rotary covering air film is used for protecting the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10.
In the novel fuel oil atomization device, the external air flow forms the high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed, and the fuel oil sprayed by the fuel oil nozzle 50 is cut by the high-speed rotating air flow, so that the fuel oil forms oil drops with small particle size, the atomization of the fuel oil is further realized, the fuel oil atomization particle size is small, the atomization effect is good, the head air flow structure and the fuel oil concentration distribution of a combustion chamber can be effectively improved, and the combustion chamber is ensured to have good point flameout performance, good outlet temperature field and low pollution emission performance under a wide working state, so that the device is better suitable for the combustion chamber with high temperature rise and low emission; in the novel fuel atomization device, the mounting limit ring 40 is arranged between the swirler assembly 30 and the swirler fixing assembly 20, so that the swirler assembly 30 is in floating mounting relative to the swirler fixing assembly 20, and the deviation between the center of the fuel nozzle 50 and the center of the swirler fixing assembly 20 fixed at the head of the flame tube, which is generated due to different thermal expansion, is effectively compensated, thereby further reducing the fuel atomization deterioration caused by eccentricity, and in addition, the floating mounting design can also select a smaller fit clearance between the fuel nozzle 50 and the swirler assembly 30, further reducing the fuel leakage; in the novel fuel oil atomization device, the rotary covering air film which flows in a rotating mode along the circumferential direction is formed on the wall surface of the flame tube head 10 through external air flow, and the rotary covering air film is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10, so that the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10 is protected, fuel oil drops are effectively isolated from being in contact with the wall surface of the high-temperature head, and head carbon deposition is favorably prevented from being formed.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, swirler assembly 30 includes a primary swirler 31 and a secondary swirler 32 nested inside and outside and secured together. The first swirl hole group includes a first chamfer hole 301 arranged in the primary swirler 31, a second chamfer hole 302 arranged in the secondary swirler 32, a first air flow passage 303 arranged in the primary swirler 31, and a second air flow passage 304 arranged between the primary swirler 31 and the secondary swirler 32. The first chamfered hole 301 communicates the outer peripheral wall of the primary swirler 31 and the first air flow passage 303 to introduce an external air flow into the first air flow passage 303 and form a first high-speed swirling air flow that swirls at a high speed in the circumferential direction to perform a first high-speed shear atomization of the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle 50. The second oblique cutting hole 302 is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the secondary swirler 32 and a second air flow passage 304, the second air flow passage 304 extends along the axial direction and is communicated with the outflow end of the primary swirler 31, the second oblique cutting hole 302 is matched with the second air flow passage 304, external air flow is introduced into an inner channel of the outflow end of the primary swirler 31, second high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed is formed, and the second high-speed rotating air flow is matched with the first high-speed rotating air flow to perform secondary high-speed shearing atomization on fuel oil sprayed by the fuel oil nozzle 50. The swirling direction of the second high-speed swirling airflow is opposite to that of the first high-speed swirling airflow, so that the second high-speed swirling airflow is used for shearing the fuel injected by the fuel nozzle 50 into oil drops with small particle sizes in a cooperative action, and the atomization effect of the fuel is improved.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the primary swirler 31 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and a connecting flange 311 protruding outward and having an annular shape is provided on an outer peripheral wall thereof, and the fuel nozzle 50 is inserted into the first air flow passage 303 from the inflow end of the primary swirler 31 in the axial direction. The number of the first chamfered holes 301 is plural, and the plural first chamfered holes 301 are arranged on the inflow side of the connection flange 311. The plurality of first oblique cutting holes 301 are arranged in a spiral shape at intervals in sequence along the circumferential direction of the primary cyclone 31, and the inflow end and the outflow end of each first oblique cutting hole 301 are respectively communicated with the outer circumferential wall and the inner circumferential wall of the primary cyclone 31. In the alternative, the first inclined cutting hole 301 is drilled by adopting electric spark machining, so that the cost is low, the economy is good, the machining quality is good, and the efficiency is high; by arranging the plurality of first chamfered holes 301 at intervals in a spiral shape in the circumferential direction of the primary swirler 31 in sequence, the airflow introduced from the first chamfered holes 301 forms a first high-speed rotating airflow that rotates at a high speed in the circumferential direction in the first air flow passage 303.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, secondary swirler 32 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and an inflow end thereof is welded to an outflow side of connecting flange 311, and secondary swirler 32 and primary swirler 31 are installed at a radial interval to form a shaft-cylindrical second air flow passage 304. In the alternative, a spigot structure is formed by the inflow end of the secondary cyclone 32 and the connecting flange 311, the secondary cyclone 32 and the primary cyclone 31 are welded in a fixed position through the spigot structure, the concentricity after welding is good, and the overall quality is high. The number of the second oblique cutting holes 302 is plural, the plurality of second oblique cutting holes 302 are sequentially arranged at intervals in a spiral shape along the circumferential direction of the secondary cyclone 32, the rotating direction of the second oblique cutting holes 302 is opposite to the rotating direction of the first oblique cutting holes 301, and the inflow end and the outflow end of each second oblique cutting hole 302 are respectively communicated with the outer circumferential wall of the secondary cyclone 32 and the second air flow passage 304. In the alternative, the second inclined cutting hole 302 is drilled by electric spark machining, so that the cost is low, the economy is good, the machining quality is good, and the efficiency is high; the plurality of second oblique cutting holes 302 are sequentially arranged at intervals in a spiral shape along the circumferential direction of the secondary swirler 32, and the outflow end of each second oblique cutting hole 302 is communicated with the second air flow channel 304 extending along the axial direction, so that air flow led out after the action of the second oblique cutting holes 302 and the second air flow channels 304 can form second high-speed rotating air flow rotating at a high speed along the circumferential direction in the inner channel of the secondary swirler 32, the rotating direction of the second high-speed rotating air flow is opposite to that of the first high-speed rotating air flow, two high-speed rotating air flows with opposite rotating directions shear the fuel mutually, the atomized particle size of the fuel is smaller, the atomized effect of the fuel is better, and the atomized quality of the fuel is not completely dependent on the design performance of a fuel nozzle.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inner peripheral wall of the swirler fixing assembly 20 is provided with a concave and annular mounting ring groove. The outer peripheral wall of the secondary cyclone 32 is provided with a convex annular mounting flange 321, and the mounting flange 321 is radially inserted into a corresponding mounting ring groove. The mounting limiting ring 40 is a circlip which is arranged on the excircle of the secondary cyclone 32 and is axially clamped between the inflow side of the mounting flange 321 and the inner annular surface of the mounting ring groove so as to axially clamp the mounting flange 321 in the mounting ring groove, so that the swirler assembly 30 is floatingly mounted relative to the swirler fixing assembly 20, and the floating mounting arrangement is simple in structure and easy to implement; and the elastic retainer ring is adopted to fix the swirler assembly 30 along the axial direction, so that the maintainability is good, and the performance debugging is easy.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the swirler fixing assembly 20 includes a mounting bushing 21 and a fixing ring 22 that are sleeved inside and outside and detachably connected, the swirler assembly 30 is floatingly mounted in an inner channel of the mounting bushing 21, and the fixing ring 22 is used for being welded and fixed with an inner wall surface of the combustor basket head 10 to mount the swirler fixing assembly 20. The second swirl hole group includes a third chamfered hole 202 arranged in the mounting bush 21, and a third air flow passage 203 arranged between the mounting bush 21 and the secondary swirler 32. The third chamfered hole 202 is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the mounting bush 21 and a third air flow channel 203, the third air flow channel 203 extends along the axial direction and is communicated to the outflow end of the mounting bush 21, the third chamfered hole 202 is matched with the third air flow channel 203, external air flow is introduced into an inner channel of the outflow end of the mounting bush 21, and a rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction and flows along the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10 in a clinging mode is formed.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the fixing ring 22 has a hollow ring shape, and an outer ring surface thereof is welded and fixed to an inner wall surface of the liner head 10. The mounting bush 21 has a hollow cylindrical shape, an outer circumferential surface thereof is screwed to an inner circumferential surface of the fixed ring 22, and the mounting bush 21 and the secondary swirler 32 are installed at intervals in the radial direction to form a shaft-cylindrical third air flow passage 203. The number of the third oblique holes 202 is plural, the plural third oblique holes 202 are arranged in a spiral shape in sequence at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting bush 21, and the inflow end and the outflow end of each third oblique hole 202 are respectively communicated with the outer circumferential wall of the mounting bush 21 and the third air flow passage 203. In the alternative, the third chamfered hole 202 is drilled by adopting electric spark machining, so that the cost is low, the economy is good, the machining quality is good, and the efficiency is high; the third oblique cutting holes 202 are sequentially arranged at intervals in a spiral shape along the circumferential direction of the mounting bush 21, and the outflow ends of the third oblique cutting holes 202 are communicated with the third air flow channels 203 extending along the axial direction, so that airflow led out under the action of the third oblique cutting holes 202 and the third air flow channels 203 can form a rotary covering air film which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction on the wall surface of the flame tube head 10, the rotary covering air film is attached to the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10 to move forwards, the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10 is protected, fuel oil drops are effectively isolated from being contacted with the wall surface of the high-temperature head, head carbon deposition is prevented, heat protection on the flame tube head can be realized to the maximum extent, the possibility of deformation, ablation and crack generation is reduced, and the service life and reliability of the flame tube head are improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the swirler fixing assembly 20 further includes a lock washer 23 for preventing the mounting bushing 21 from loosening. The lock washer 23 is installed on the outer circumference of the installation bush 21, and is axially clamped between the installation bush 21 and the fixed ring 22.
Referring to fig. 7, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a flame tube head structure, which includes a cylindrical flame tube head 10, and a novel fuel atomization device installed in a passage in the flame tube head 10. Because the novel fuel oil atomizing device is arranged in the flame tube head structure, the fuel oil atomizing device has small particle size and good atomizing effect, thereby effectively improving the airflow structure and the fuel oil concentration distribution of the head of the combustion chamber, ensuring that the combustion chamber has good ignition and flame-out performance, good outlet temperature field and low pollution emission performance under a wide working state, and better being suitable for the combustion chamber with high temperature rise and low emission; the deviation between the center of the fuel nozzle 50 and the center of the swirler fixing component 20 fixed at the head of the flame tube, which is generated due to different thermal expansions, can be effectively compensated, so that the fuel atomization deterioration caused by eccentricity is reduced, the depth of the fuel nozzle 50 inserted into the swirler component 30 is deepened, and the fuel leakage is reduced; the inner wall surface of the flame tube head 10 can be protected, fuel oil drops are effectively isolated from contacting with the wall surface of the high-temperature head, head carbon deposition is prevented, the cooling effect is good, thermal protection of the flame tube head can be achieved to the maximum extent, the possibility of deformation, ablation and crack generation is reduced, the service life and reliability of the flame tube head are improved, the rotary covering air film is uniformly mixed with fuel oil and generates combustion reaction after leaving the wall surface of the flame tube head 10, the air utilization rate is further improved, meanwhile, a local high oil-gas ratio area is reduced, and pollution emission is reduced.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the combustor basket head 10 includes a hollow cylindrical head barrel 11 and an annular mounting annular wall 12 connected to the inner passage of the head barrel 11. The novel fuel atomization device is arranged in a channel of the installation annular wall 12, and the peripheral wall of the swirler fixing component 20 of the novel fuel atomization device is welded and fixed with the inner annular surface of the installation annular wall 12. The installation rampart 12 is provided with a divergence hole 101 for external air to enter the inner side of the head cylinder 11, the divergence hole 101 is used for introducing the external air into the inner side of the head cylinder 11, and a covering strengthening air film which rotates in the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the head cylinder 11 is formed, so that the covering strengthening air film and the rotary covering air film ejected by the novel fuel oil atomization device are matched to strengthen the protection of the inner wall surface of the head cylinder 11. In the alternative, the installation ring wall 12 is provided with the divergence hole 101, and the airflow introduced into the inner side of the head cylinder 11 through the divergence hole 101 forms a covering reinforced air film which rotates in the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the head cylinder 11, and the covering reinforced air film is matched with a rotary covering air film ejected by the novel fuel oil atomization device, so that the protection of the inner wall surface of the head cylinder 11 is enhanced. During actual design, the opening angle of the divergent hole 101 is kept consistent with the swirling direction of the outlet of the swirler to the maximum extent, so that a covering reinforced gas film with high adherence is formed, and the protection of the inner wall surface of the head cylinder 11 is enhanced. In the structure of the invention, the single-layer wall structure is adopted to install the annular wall 12, so that the structure of the flame tube head 10 is simpler and the maintenance cost is low; compared with the method that only airflow at the outlet of the fuel oil atomizing device is adopted to carry out impact cooling on the inner wall surface of the head cylinder 11, the method adopts the divergent cooling structure to further reduce the consumption of cooling air, is beneficial to the designers of the combustion chamber to further optimize the air distribution of the flame tube, and improves the performance of the combustion chamber.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A novel fuel atomization device is characterized by comprising:
the swirler fixing component (20) is used for being fixed with the head (10) of the flame tube, the swirler fixing component (20) is in a hollow cylindrical shape with two communicated ends, a swirler component (30) is arranged in an inner channel of the swirler fixing component, an installation limiting ring (40) is arranged between the swirler component (30) and the swirler fixing component (20), the installation limiting ring (40) is used for enabling the swirler component (30) to be installed in a floating mode relative to the swirler fixing component (20), the swirler component (30) is in a hollow cylindrical shape with two communicated ends, and a fuel nozzle (50) is inserted into an inflow end of the inner channel;
a first swirl hole group is arranged in the wall surface of the swirler component (30), and is used for introducing external air flow into an inner channel of the swirler component and forming high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows at a high speed along the circumferential direction, so that the fuel injected by the fuel nozzle (50) is sheared into oil drops with tiny particle sizes by the high-speed rotating air flow to realize atomization of the fuel;
and a second swirl hole group is arranged in the wall surface of the swirler fixing component (20), and is used for introducing external airflow into a channel of the flame tube head (10) and forming a rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the flame tube head (10).
2. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 1,
the swirler assembly (30) comprises a primary swirler (31) and a secondary swirler (32) which are sleeved inside and outside and fixed into a whole;
the first swirl hole group comprises a first inclined cutting hole (301) arranged on the primary swirler (31), a second inclined cutting hole (302) arranged on the secondary swirler (32), a first air flow channel (303) arranged in the primary swirler (31), and a second air flow channel (304) arranged between the primary swirler (31) and the secondary swirler (32);
the first oblique cutting hole (301) is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the primary cyclone (31) and the first air flow channel (303) so as to be used for introducing external air flow into the first air flow channel (303) and forming first high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed;
the second oblique cutting hole (302) is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the secondary swirler (32) and the second air flow channel (304), the second air flow channel (304) extends along the axial direction and is communicated to the outflow end of the primary swirler (31), the second oblique cutting hole (302) is matched with the second air flow channel (304), external air flow is introduced into the second air flow channel (304), and second high-speed rotating air flow which rotates and flows along the circumferential direction at a high speed is formed;
the second high-speed swirling airflow has a swirling direction opposite to that of the first high-speed swirling airflow, and is used for shearing fuel injected by the fuel injection nozzle (50) into oil droplets with small particle sizes in a matching manner.
3. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 2,
the primary swirler (31) is hollow and cylindrical, a convex annular connecting flange (311) is arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the primary swirler, and the fuel nozzle (50) is inserted into the first air flow channel (303) from the flow inlet end of the primary swirler (31) along the axial direction;
the number of the first inclined cutting holes (301) is multiple, and the first inclined cutting holes (301) are arranged on the flow inlet side of the connecting flange (311);
a plurality of first chamfer hole (301) are followed the circumference of one-level swirler (31) is the heliciform and arranges at interval in proper order, and each the inflow end and the play flow end of first chamfer hole (301) communicate respectively the periphery wall and the internal perisporium wall of one-level swirler (31).
4. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 3,
the secondary cyclone (32) is in a hollow cylinder shape, the inflow end of the secondary cyclone is welded and fixed with the outflow side of the connecting flange (311), and the secondary cyclone (32) and the primary cyclone (31) are installed at intervals along the radial direction to form a shaft-cylinder-shaped second air flow channel (304);
the number of the second oblique cutting holes (302) is multiple, the second oblique cutting holes (302) are sequentially arranged at intervals in a spiral shape along the circumferential direction of the secondary cyclone (32), the rotating direction of the second oblique cutting holes (302) is opposite to that of the first oblique cutting holes (301), and the inflow end and the outflow end of each second oblique cutting hole (302) are respectively communicated with the outer circumferential wall of the secondary cyclone (32) and the second air flow channel (304).
5. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 4,
the inner peripheral wall of the swirler fixing component (20) is provided with a concave annular mounting ring groove;
the outer peripheral wall of the secondary cyclone (32) is provided with a convex annular mounting flange (321), and the mounting flange (321) is radially inserted into the corresponding mounting ring groove;
the installation spacing ring (40) is circlip, circlip install in on the excircle of second grade swirler (32), and along the axial chucking in the inflow side of mounting flange (321) with between the interior anchor ring of mounting ring groove, in order to be used for with mounting flange (321) along the axial chucking in the mounting ring groove, and then make swirler subassembly (30) is relative swirler fixed subassembly (20) floating installation.
6. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 2,
the swirler fixing assembly (20) comprises an installation bushing (21) and a fixing ring (22), wherein the installation bushing (21) and the fixing ring (22) are sleeved inside and outside and are detachably connected, the swirler assembly (30) is installed in an inner channel of the installation bushing (21) in a floating mode, and the fixing ring (22) is used for being welded and fixed with the inner wall surface of the flame tube head (10) to install the swirler fixing assembly (20);
the second swirl hole group comprises a third chamfer hole (202) arranged on the mounting bushing (21) and a third air flow channel (203) arranged between the mounting bushing (21) and the secondary swirler (32);
the third oblique cutting hole (202) is communicated with the outer peripheral wall of the mounting bushing (21) and the third air flow channel (203), the third air flow channel (203) extends along the axial direction and is communicated to the outflow end of the mounting bushing (21), the third oblique cutting hole (202) is matched with the third air flow channel (203), external air flow is introduced into an inner channel of the outflow end of the mounting bushing (21), and the rotary covering air film which rotates along the circumferential direction and flows tightly against the inner wall surface of the flame tube head (10) is formed.
7. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 6,
the fixing ring (22) is in a hollow ring shape, and the outer ring surface of the fixing ring is used for being welded and fixed with the inner wall surface of the flame tube head (10);
the mounting bush (21) is in a hollow cylinder shape, the outer annular surface of the mounting bush is in threaded connection with the inner annular surface of the fixing ring (22), and the mounting bush (21) and the secondary swirler (32) are installed at intervals in the radial direction to form a shaft-cylinder-shaped third air flow channel (203);
the number of the third oblique cutting holes (202) is multiple, the third oblique cutting holes (202) are sequentially and spirally arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mounting bushing (21), and the inflow end and the outflow end of each third oblique cutting hole (202) are respectively communicated with the outer circumferential wall of the mounting bushing (21) and the third air flow channel (203).
8. The fuel atomizing device according to claim 6,
the swirler fixing assembly (20) further comprises a check washer (23) for preventing the mounting bushing (21) from loosening;
the anti-loosening gasket (23) is arranged on the outer circle of the mounting bushing (21) and clamped between the mounting bushing (21) and the fixing ring (22) along the axial direction.
9. A torch head structure, comprising:
a cylindrical flame tube head (10) and a novel fuel oil atomizing device which is arranged in a channel in the flame tube head (10) and is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The liner head structure according to claim 9,
the flame tube head (10) comprises a hollow tube-shaped head tube body (11) and an annular mounting annular wall (12) which is connected in a channel in the head tube body (11);
the novel fuel oil atomization device is arranged in a channel of the installation annular wall (12), and the outer peripheral wall of a swirler fixing component (20) of the novel fuel oil atomization device is welded and fixed with the inner annular surface of the installation annular wall (12);
the mounting ring wall (12) is provided with a divergence hole (101) for external air flow to enter the inner side of the head cylinder (11), the divergence hole (101) is used for introducing the external air flow into the inner side of the head cylinder (11) and forming a covering reinforcing air film which rotates in the circumferential direction and flows tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the head cylinder (11), so that the covering reinforcing air film is matched with a rotary covering air film ejected by the novel fuel oil atomization device to reinforce the protection of the inner wall surface of the head cylinder (11).
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| CN202110405390.0A CN113154450B (en) | 2021-04-15 | 2021-04-15 | Fuel oil atomization device and flame tube head structure with same |
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| CN202110405390.0A CN113154450B (en) | 2021-04-15 | 2021-04-15 | Fuel oil atomization device and flame tube head structure with same |
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| CN113154450B CN113154450B (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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| CN110925797A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-27 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Aircraft engine combustion chamber flame tube head cooling positioning structure |
| CN111780164A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-10-16 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Flame tube head structure, flame tube and gas turbine engine |
| CN112050254A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-08 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Flame tube head |
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2021
- 2021-04-15 CN CN202110405390.0A patent/CN113154450B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102901126A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-30 | 中国航空动力机械研究所 | Combustion organizational structure |
| CN204554873U (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-08-12 | 中航商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | The combustion chamber of swirler syndeton and aero-engine |
| CN105674330A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Single-tube combustor device of ground combustion gas turbine |
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