CN113153673B - Medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system - Google Patents
Medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153673B CN113153673B CN202110546461.9A CN202110546461A CN113153673B CN 113153673 B CN113153673 B CN 113153673B CN 202110546461 A CN202110546461 A CN 202110546461A CN 113153673 B CN113153673 B CN 113153673B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention relates to a medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system which comprises a hydrothermal geothermal unit, a dry hot rock unit and a power generation unit, wherein each two units are connected by a plate heat exchanger. The system is scientific and reasonable in design, the hydrothermal geothermal unit, the dry hot rock unit and the power generation unit are combined, every two units are connected by adopting the plate heat exchanger, the dry hot rock heat transfer medium is preheated firstly through the hydrothermal geothermal resource, and the inlet temperature of the dry hot rock well is increased, so that the outlet temperature of the heat transfer medium in the dry hot rock is increased, the thermodynamic irreversible loss is less, and the power generation capacity is increased; circulating water pumps are arranged in the hot dry rock underground heat taking system and the ground power generation system, and the temperature of a hot dry rock heat transfer medium outlet is adjusted by adjusting the flow of the water pumps, so that the generated energy is stabilized; the open single-well circulating heat exchange technology has high heat extraction efficiency, and well water can be used as water supplement of the dry hot rock well without additionally arranging a water supplement source on the ground.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geothermal resource utilization, relates to a middle-deep geothermal utilization technology, and particularly relates to a middle-deep geothermal combined power generation system.
Background
The geothermal energy is an energy resource existing in a heat energy form, is different from solar energy and wind energy, is used for heat, does not need to be converted, is not influenced by day and night and weather, and has the advantages of large reserve, stable operation and the like. Compared with hydrothermal geothermal resources, the dry hot rock has higher energy grade and energy density, and researches show that the heat carrying temperature of the dry hot rock can reach 150-650 ℃.
The utilization form of the hot dry rock is mainly geothermal power generation. After the heat transfer medium in the dry hot rock is heated by the high-temperature rock mass, the turbine is driven to generate power in the form of critical water and water vapor, the temperature of the heat transfer medium is reduced after power generation, the heat transfer medium enters the dry hot rock to be heated and becomes gaseous, and then the heat transfer medium enters the turbine to generate power again, and the heat transfer medium is recycled. Besides water as power generation medium, other medium such as organic alkane freon can also be adopted to form a closed type double-circulation power generation system. If the hot dry rock power generation can be popularized, the greenhouse effect generated by fossil energy power generation and the pollution risk of acid rain to the environment can be greatly reduced, and the hot dry rock power generation has stronger competitiveness with the traditional thermal power generation and the traditional hydraulic power generation along with the continuous progress of a drilling technology and an artificial heat storage technology.
However, in terms of practical application examples of geothermal power generation, the deep-layer hot water or steam is mostly used as a necessary condition, and the deep-layer hot dry rock high-temperature hot water storage is difficult to meet the condition, so the hot dry rock power generation mainly uses injection-production well-to-well technology for producing hot water storage by artificial fracturing. This technique has two major drawbacks: (1) the injection and production flow is unstable, and the flow of the injection well is difficult to be heated to return to a production well by 100 percent; (2) shallow layer earthquake can be induced by the contact of injected water with lower temperature and high temperature dry hot rock, and personal safety of surrounding residents is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system, which can overcome the defects that dry hot rock is anhydrous and micro-earthquakes caused by overhigh temperature difference between high-temperature rock and a low-temperature heat exchange medium, and meanwhile, as the technology adopts a circulating system combining a shallow open single well and a deep closed single well, the flow of the circulating medium is controllable, and ground water supplement is not needed.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system comprises a hydrothermal geothermal unit, a dry hot rock unit and a power generation unit, wherein every two units are connected by a plate heat exchanger.
And the hydrothermal geothermal unit comprises a geothermal well and a geothermal well inner sleeve, the geothermal well inner sleeve is arranged in the geothermal well and sequentially penetrates through the stratum and the underground water-bearing layer, a submersible pump for extracting geothermal water is arranged in the geothermal well inner sleeve, and the water outlet end of the geothermal well inner sleeve is connected with the first plate heat exchanger.
And, the hot dry rock unit include hot dry rock well, hot dry rock well inner tube, hot dry rock interior sleeve pipe set up and pass the stratum in the hot dry rock well, the exit end of first plate heat exchanger is connected to the entry end of hot dry rock well, the entry end of second plate heat exchanger is connected to the exit end of hot dry rock well inner tube.
And the power generation unit comprises a turbine generator, and the outlet end of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the turbine generator.
And a working medium pump and a condenser are arranged between the turbonator and the second plate heat exchanger.
And the front ends of the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger are respectively provided with a sand removing filter for filtering water quality, and a water pump is arranged between the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger.
In conclusion, in order to improve the outlet temperature of the dry hot rock and stabilize the generated energy, the invention provides a combined power generation system combining a deep high-temperature dry hot rock well and a shallow hydrothermal geothermal well.
The system has the following advantages:
the system is scientific and reasonable in design, the hydrothermal geothermal unit, the dry hot rock unit and the power generation unit are combined, every two units are connected by adopting the plate heat exchanger, the dry hot rock heat transfer medium is preheated firstly through the hydrothermal geothermal resource, and the inlet temperature of the dry hot rock well is increased, so that the outlet temperature of the heat transfer medium in the dry hot rock is increased, the thermodynamic irreversible loss is less, and the power generation capacity is increased; circulating water pumps are arranged in the hot dry rock underground heat taking system and the ground power generation system, and the temperature of a hot dry rock heat transfer medium outlet is adjusted by adjusting the flow of the water pumps, so that the generated energy is stabilized; the open single-well circulating heat exchange technology has high heat extraction efficiency, and well water can be used as water supplement of the dry hot rock well without additionally arranging a water supplement source on the ground.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of ORC power generation T-S of the present system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments, which are illustrative only and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
A medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system comprises a hydrothermal geothermal unit, a dry hot rock unit and a power generation unit, wherein every two units are connected through a plate heat exchanger.
Hydrothermal type geothermal unit include geothermal well 11, sleeve pipe 12 in the geothermal well, sleeve pipe setting in the geothermal well passes stratum and secret aquifer in proper order in the geothermal well, sleeve pipe adopts the material that the heat conductivity is low to make in the geothermal well to reduce the heat and scatter and disappear, be provided with immersible pump 13 in sleeve pipe in the geothermal well, be used for drawing geothermal water, first plate heat exchanger 2 is connected to the interior sheathed tube play water end of geothermal well, is provided with first sand removal filter 1 in first plate heat exchanger front end for filter groundwater impurity.
The hot dry rock unit include hot dry rock well 9, hot dry rock well inner casing 10, hot dry rock interior sleeve pipe set up and pass the stratum in the hot dry rock well, the exit end of first plate heat exchanger is connected to the entry end of hot dry rock well, the entry end of second plate heat exchanger 4 is connected to the sheathed tube exit end in the hot dry rock well, hot dry rock well inner casing adopts the material that the thermal conductivity is low to make to reduce the heat and scatter and disappear, be provided with second sand removal filter 8 at the second plate heat exchanger front end equally, be used for filtering impurity.
The power generation unit comprises a turbine generator 5, the outlet end of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the turbine generator, and the hot dry rock outlet heat transfer medium exchanges heat with the second plate type heat exchanger and is used for heating a power generation system medium to generate power.
A water pump 3 is arranged between the first plate type heat exchanger and the second plate type heat exchanger, and the flow entering the hot dry rock well can be adjusted to control the water outlet temperature of the hot dry rock well.
A working medium pump 7 and a condenser 6 are arranged between the turbonator and the second plate type heat exchanger, the working medium pump is used for adjusting the flow entering the second plate type heat exchanger so as to control the flow and the temperature of the working medium entering the turbonator, therefore, the generated energy is controlled, and the working medium after power generation is condensed by the condenser and then enters the second plate type heat exchanger again to realize circulation.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
hydrothermal geothermal unit: and (3) operating the submersible pump, pumping underground hot water in the hydrothermal geothermal well, conveying the underground hot water to the ground through the inner sleeve of the geothermal well, enabling the underground hot water to enter the first plate heat exchanger after passing through the sand removal filter, exchanging heat with a hot dry rock inlet heat transfer medium, and enabling the hot dry rock heat transfer medium after heat exchange to enter the geothermal well.
A hot dry rock unit: and (3) operating the water pump, preheating a heat transfer medium at the hot dry rock inlet by the first plate heat exchanger, then entering the hot dry rock well, exchanging heat with the stratum, then sending the heat transfer medium to the ground by the hot dry rock inner sleeve, and then entering the second plate heat exchanger through the desanding filter to exchange heat with the heat transfer medium of the power generation system.
A power generation unit: the working medium pump operates, and heat transfer media of the power generation system enter the steam turbine generator to convert heat energy into electric energy after heat exchange through the second plate heat exchanger, so that power generation is realized. And the generated working medium is condensed by the condenser and then enters the plate heat exchanger again to realize circulation.
The ORC power generation T-S diagram of the system is shown in figure 2, wherein 1-2 sections are low-heat open geothermal well heating parts, 4-5 sections are high-temperature dry hot rock well heating parts, a non-azeotropic mixed working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump (12 '-10'), then absorbs heat in a second plate heat exchanger, changes from a liquid state to a vapor state (10 '-8'), expands through a turbonator to do work and generate power (8 '-11'), and exhaust steam after power generation is condensed into a liquid state (11 '-12') in a condenser, so that a cycle is completed.
The water inlet temperature of the hydrothermal geothermal system is Tin, the water outlet temperature of the hydrothermal geothermal system is Tout, the water inlet temperature of the hot dry rock can be heated to Tin 'after the hydrothermal geothermal system passes through the first plate heat exchanger, if the hydrothermal geothermal system is not used for preheating the hot dry rock system, the water inlet temperature Tin' of the hot dry rock is reduced, Tout 'is reduced along with the water inlet temperature Tin', the phase change process of the hydrothermal geothermal system passing through the second plate heat exchanger is changed from a straight line segment to a virtual line segment, and the evaporation temperature is reduced according to a circulation efficiency calculation formula, so that the power generation efficiency is low.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (4)
1. A middle-deep geothermal combined power generation system is characterized in that: including hydrothermal type geothermal unit, hot dry rock unit and power generation unit, all adopt plate heat exchanger to connect between per two units, hydrothermal type geothermal unit include interior sleeve pipe of geothermal well, the interior sleeve pipe of geothermal well sets up in geothermal well, passes stratum and secret aquifer in proper order, is provided with in the interior sleeve pipe of geothermal well and is used for drawing geothermal water immersible pump, the interior sheathed tube outlet end of geothermal well connects first plate heat exchanger, the hot dry rock unit include hot dry rock well, hot dry rock well interior sleeve pipe, hot dry rock interior sleeve pipe set up and pass the stratum in the hot dry rock well, the entry end of hot dry rock well is connected first plate heat exchanger's exit end, the entry end of second plate heat exchanger is connected to hot dry rock well interior sheathed tube's exit end.
2. A mid-deep geothermal combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the power generation unit comprises a turbine generator, and the outlet end of the second plate type heat exchanger is connected with the turbine generator.
3. A mid-deep geothermal combined power generation system according to claim 2, wherein: and a working medium pump and a condenser are arranged between the turbonator and the second plate heat exchanger.
4. The mid-deep geothermal combined power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: the front ends of the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger are respectively provided with a sand removing filter for filtering water quality, and a water pump is arranged between the first plate heat exchanger and the second plate heat exchanger.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110546461.9A CN113153673B (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system |
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| CN202110546461.9A CN113153673B (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Medium-deep geothermal combined power generation system |
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| CN113153673A CN113153673A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| CN113153673B true CN113153673B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US8881805B2 (en) * | 2010-03-22 | 2014-11-11 | Skibo Systems Llc | Systems and methods for an artificial geothermal energy reservoir created using hot dry rock geothermal resources |
| CN105625993B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2018-06-26 | 吉林大学 | Hot dry rock multi-cycle heating system and its production method |
| CN107461603B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-10-11 | 西安交通大学 | The hot dry rock reheating compressed-air energy-storage system of gas storage heat accumulation one |
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