CN113153621A - Low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings - Google Patents
Low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings Download PDFInfo
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- CN113153621A CN113153621A CN202110466182.1A CN202110466182A CN113153621A CN 113153621 A CN113153621 A CN 113153621A CN 202110466182 A CN202110466182 A CN 202110466182A CN 113153621 A CN113153621 A CN 113153621A
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001415849 Strigiformes Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/0608—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape
- F03D1/0633—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades
- F03D1/0641—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape of the blades of the section profile of the blades, i.e. aerofoil profile
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of engineering bionics of horizontal axis wind power generators, and discloses a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings, which comprises a blade main body, an asymmetric sawtooth tail edge, a connecting shaft and a hub, wherein the blade main body is designed by adopting a cross section wing profile of the owl wings in the spanwise direction of 60%, the asymmetric sawtooth tail edge is designed according to a sawtooth structure of primary flying feathers of the owl wings and is arranged in the spanwise direction of 70% to 100% of the blade tail edge, the wind turbine blade is obtained by coupling design of biological wing profiles of owl wings and asymmetric sawtooth structures, compared with the traditional horizontal axis wind turbine blade with the NACA4412 wing profile, the wind turbine blade has more excellent pneumatic performance and acoustic performance, the blade design method provides a new design thought for the traditional blade noise reduction method, and the wind turbine blade has important significance for green sustainable development of the wind power industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of horizontal axis wind generating sets, in particular to a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings.
Background
Wind energy is one of the most promising clean energy sources, the related technology thereof is rapidly developed in recent years, more and more wind power plants are built, the wind power plants are inevitably closer to residential areas, and the problem of noise generated by wind turbines is urgently needed to be solved.
The noise generated by the wind turbine can be roughly divided into mechanical noise and aerodynamic noise, wherein the aerodynamic noise occupies the main part, the mechanical noise is mostly generated by the vibration of gears and other parts in a cabin of the wind turbine, and the aerodynamic noise is mainly generated after turbulence contacts with blades.
The wind turbine blade is used as a key component for receiving wind energy of the wind turbine, the performance quality of the wind turbine blade has great influence on the working efficiency of the wind turbine, and although the traditional method for reducing the aerodynamic noise of the blade has a certain inhibiting effect on the aerodynamic noise, the traditional method often has a certain influence on the aerodynamic performance of the blade.
Bionics is a subject to study the structural properties of biological systems, energy conversion and information transmission and processing principles, and uses the acquired knowledge to solve existing problems, and the thinking and methods of bionics to solve practical problems are a new focus of current research.
The working environment of bird wings in the gliding process is similar to the working environment of wind turbine blades, the unique silent flying capability of owls is inseparable from the special structures of the owls, the silent flying mechanism of the owls is mastered by analyzing the special wing profiles and the structures of the wings of the owls, and the silent flying mechanism is applied to the design of novel bionic coupling wind turbine blades, so that the method is a feasible method for designing low-noise wind turbine blades.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade, aiming at solving the problem that the traditional low-noise wind turbine blade cannot give consideration to both aerodynamic performance and aerodynamic acoustic performance, so that the designed wind turbine blade can effectively reduce the aerodynamic noise of the blade on the premise of not losing the aerodynamic performance.
The invention is characterized in that the bionic wing section of the blade main body and the sawtooth structure at the tail edge of the blade.
Further, the blade main body is formed by reconstructing a owl 60% span section wing profile on the basis of the NACA4412 blade, and the bionic wing profile consists of chord length, thickness, camber and a front edge radius, and is characterized in that: when the chord length is c, the maximum thickness of the airfoil ranges from 0.47c to 0.62c, and the maximum thickness of the airfoil is 8.69% -12.4% of the chord length c. The maximum bending degree ranges from 0.66c to 0.84c, and the maximum bending degree ranges from 51.4% to 61.7% of the chord length. Compared with the NACA4412 airfoil profile, the airfoil profile of the blade has smaller radius of the front edge, and can reduce the windward area of the front edge; the thickness is smaller, the separation of the boundary layer can be effectively delayed, the loss of lift force is reduced, and the aerodynamic noise caused by the falling of the boundary layer is reduced; the camber is bigger, can make the velocity difference of the upper and lower air current of upper and lower surface of blade flow through grow to increase the pressure differential of upper and lower surface, promote the aerodynamic performance of blade. This blade airfoil can effectual improvement blade leading edge's pressure pulsation intensity, promotes the pressure differential of surface about the blade to improve the aerodynamic performance of airfoil, this blade airfoil can make local region sound source intensity reduce, has weakened the influence of the produced vortex noise of blade wake to whole sound pressure level.
Furthermore, the asymmetric sawtooth structure is obtained by extracting a front edge shape structure of primary flying feathers on the outermost side of the wings of the owls, three parameters of sawtooth and spanwise included angle, sawtooth width and sawtooth distance are considered in the design of the asymmetric sawtooth structure, the value range of the sawtooth and spanwise included angle is limited to 30-50 degrees according to the measurement result and the actual engineering requirement, the value range of the sawtooth width is limited to 10-15 mm, the sawtooth distance is limited to 0-4 mm, the sawtooth parameter is that the sawtooth and spanwise included angle is 40 degrees, the sawtooth width is 15mm through an orthogonal test sieve, when the sawtooth distance is 0, the acoustic performance of the blade reaches the optimal value, the problems of design cost and use efficiency are considered, the asymmetric structure is constructed at the position of 70-100% of the blade along the spanwise direction, the construction mode is embedded, and after the tail edge of the asymmetric sawtooth is added, the vortex of the tail edge of the blade can be effectively improved, the vorticity distribution is more uniform, and the pneumatic performance of the blade can be effectively improved; in terms of acoustics, after the asymmetric sawtooth tail edge is added, the tail edge noise of the blade can be effectively reduced, particularly in low-frequency and medium-frequency regions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural front view of a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prototype NACA4412 wind turbine blade according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a bionic blade wing section, i.e. a owl wing section with 60% of the cross section along the span direction, of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an asymmetric sawtooth structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position of the blade with the asymmetric sawtooth structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the comparison of sound pressure levels of the bionic coupling blade and the prototype blade.
In the figure: 1-blade main body, 2-asymmetric sawtooth tail edge, 3-connecting shaft, 4-wind machine hub, 5-NACA4412 wing profile, and 6-owl wing 60% section wing profile.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings, which comprises a blade main body 1 and an asymmetric sawtooth tail edge 2, wherein the three blades form a group and form a low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine together with a connecting shaft 3 and a hub 4.
The blade main body is formed by reconstructing a section wing profile at 60% of the owl wings along the span direction, the owl has good silent flight characteristics in the gliding process, the silent flight characteristics have a great relationship with the special wing profile structure of the owl, 40% to 60% of the sections are used as main parts of the owl wings for bearing aerodynamic characteristics and acoustic characteristics, wherein the acoustic characteristics of the 60% section wing profile are better, the wing profile is extracted by performing data fitting on wing profile points at 60% of the owl wings through Matlab, and then the curve is obtained by smoothing the aid of a Semiloy function, as shown in figure 4, the wing profile is formed by parameters such as the radius of the front edge, the chord length, the camber and the like, the blade reconstruction method is that according to the Glauert design theory, the wind turbine blade is firstly segmented according to the phylline theory, the chord length c of the section of each section of the blade is measured, and then bionic wing profiles with the same chord length are used for replacement, finally, a bionic blade is constructed, the airfoil of the bionic blade is a prototype blade with NACA4412, and the airfoil of the bionic blade is a reconstructed bionic coupling blade, so that compared with the prototype blade, the radius of the front edge of the reconstructed bionic coupling blade is smaller, the windward area of the front edge of the blade can be effectively reduced, the thickness distribution of the blade is more uniform, the separation of a turbulent flow boundary layer can be effectively slowed down, the aerodynamic noise of the blade caused by the separation of the boundary layer is reduced, the camber of the blade is larger, the airflow speed difference of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade is increased, the pressure difference of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade is increased, and the better aerodynamic performance is obtained.
The asymmetric sawtooth tail edge is designed from a sawtooth structure at the front edge of the feathers on the outermost side of the owl type wings, the feathers of the owl type have the largest difference compared with the feathers of other birds, and the special structure is considered as one of the key reasons that the owl type wings can fly in a mute manner, so that it is necessary to design the low-noise wind turbine blade by extracting the structure of the feathers. Through observation and analysis to the elementary feather in owl class wing outermost side to three parameter designs asymmetric sawtooth tail reason, and three parameter is respectively: the included angle between the saw teeth and the wing in the spanwise direction, the saw tooth width and the saw tooth distance are determined according to the measurement data of the feather structure, the actual requirements of engineering are considered, the value ranges of three parameters are limited according to the size of the blade, when the length of the blade is 1.3m, the included angle between the saw teeth and the spanwise direction is limited to be 30-50 degrees, the saw tooth width is limited to be 10-15 mm, the saw tooth distance is limited to be 0-4 mm, and three data are set in respective limited intervals to find the optimal saw tooth parameter combination. Through an orthogonal test method, sawtooth tail edges under different parameters are researched, and test results show that: the included angle between the sawteeth and the spanwise direction is 40 degrees, the width of the sawteeth is 15mm, the acoustic performance of the sawteeth tail edge with the sawteeth interval of 0mm is optimal, the asymmetric sawteeth tail edge is determined to be constructed according to the parameters, and the noise reduction characteristic can be exerted to the maximum extent by coupling the asymmetric sawteeth structure in the range considering that the flow speed of fluid is the largest at 70-100% of the blade along the spanwise direction, the design cost is effectively reduced, and the design position is shown in figure 6.
And constructing the low-noise bionic coupling blade.
Fig. 7 is a comparison graph of the sound pressure levels of the bionic coupling blade and the prototype blade, and it can be seen from the graph that the sound pressure levels of the bionic coupling blade are reduced to different degrees in the frequency range of 0 to 5000Hz, and particularly in the high frequency range, the overall reduction amplitude is obvious. The peak value of the sound pressure level of the bionic coupling blade is lower than that of the prototype blade, and the bionic coupling blade has better acoustic performance compared with the prototype blade.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade is characterized by mainly comprising a blade main body (1), an asymmetric sawtooth tail edge (2), a connecting shaft (3) and a hub (4).
2. The low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the blade main body (1) adopts the wing section of the owl wings 60% of the length in the spanwise direction, the wing section acquires the wing section points of the owl wings 60% of the section through a reverse reconstruction engineering, the wing section points are fitted through software, and the fitted curve is subjected to light homogenization treatment by means of a SEMILOGY function so as to obtain the corresponding section wing section.
3. The low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the asymmetric sawtooth tail edge (2) is designed according to the front edge structure of the primary flying feathers of the owl wings, the design data comprise three aspects of sawtooth and span-wise included angle, sawtooth width and sawtooth distance, the total length of the blade is 1.3m, specific parameters are amplified according to the measurement result and the actual engineering requirement, the optimal parameter components are screened out through an orthogonal test, the sawtooth and span-wise included angle is 40 degrees, the sawtooth width is 15cm, the sawtooth distance is 0, the asymmetric sawtooth tail edge is constructed at the position of 70% -100% of the blade along the span direction, and the construction mode is embedded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110466182.1A CN113153621A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings |
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| CN202110466182.1A CN113153621A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Low-noise bionic coupling wind turbine blade based on biological characteristics of owl wings |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114417520A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-29 | 西北工业大学 | Full-three-dimensional sawtooth trailing edge blade of impeller machinery and design method |
| CN116873187A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Low-Reynolds-number low-noise bionic coupling wing based on owl wing characteristics |
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2021
- 2021-04-28 CN CN202110466182.1A patent/CN113153621A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114417520A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-29 | 西北工业大学 | Full-three-dimensional sawtooth trailing edge blade of impeller machinery and design method |
| CN114417520B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-09 | 西北工业大学 | Full three-dimensional sawtooth trailing edge blade of impeller machine and design method |
| CN116873187A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-10-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Low-Reynolds-number low-noise bionic coupling wing based on owl wing characteristics |
| CN116873187B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-11-14 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Low-Reynolds-number low-noise bionic coupling wing based on owl wing characteristics |
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