CN113152717A - Staged yield type mild steel damper and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The connecting base comprises two bases, the energy consumption piece is located between the two bases, the energy consumption piece comprises a first yielding piece and a second yielding piece, the first yielding piece is divided into two parts which are respectively located on two longitudinal sides of the body and symmetrically arranged, each part comprises a first yielding unit group, each row of first yielding unit groups comprises a group of first yielding units, the second yielding pieces are arranged in the center of the body in a concentrated mode, and the second yielding pieces comprise second yielding unit groups. The bending type soft steel damper is formed by the bending type steel sheet and the positioner, the bending type steel sheet at the first yield section is subjected to working under a small earthquake, the energy consumption is generated, the shearing type steel sheet at the second yield section is not in a working state, the energy consumption of the first yield section is not influenced, the rigidity and the energy consumption capability of the second yield section are far larger than those of the first yield section under the action of medium earthquake or large earthquake, and the application range of the metal damper is greatly enlarged.

Description

Staged yield type mild steel damper and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of structural seismic resistance, and particularly relates to an energy dissipation and shock absorption structure and a construction method thereof.

Background

Seismic action is always a major challenge for structural engineers due to its bursty and random nature. The energy dissipation and shock absorption structure system changes the characteristics of the structure such as damping, rigidity or strength by installing the energy dissipation and shock absorption device, and absorbs or dissipates the energy input by earthquake through the energy dissipation and shock absorption device, thereby reducing the earthquake reaction of the structure, reducing the damage of key components of the main structure, and obtaining a large amount of application in the engineering earthquake-proof design. Common energy dissipation and shock absorption devices mainly comprise metal dampers, friction type dampers, viscoelastic dampers, viscous fluid dampers and the like, wherein the metal dampers are definite in stress, simple in structure, stable in performance and easy to maintain, and are one of the most widely applied energy dissipation and shock absorption devices.

The metal damper generates elastic-plastic deformation through bending, shearing and twisting of the device to dissipate earthquake energy, has stable hysteretic characteristic and good low-cycle fatigue characteristic, and is not influenced by environmental temperature. The characteristics of the core components according to the stress state can be mainly divided into the following categories: buckling restrained brace mainly based on axial deformation; a parallel stiffened steel plate damper mainly bending; a shear steel plate damper mainly for shearing; a novel damper in a complex stress state.

The bending type mild steel damper utilizes a plurality of steel plates (in the form of X-shaped, triangular, circular holes, oval holes, rhombic holes, strip-shaped holes and the like) with different shapes which are parallel to each other and a positioning device to form a stiffening damper energy consumption device. The yield force of a single steel plate of the energy dissipation device is very small, so that the requirements of the damper required by the structure can be met by combining a plurality of plates.

The shear type mild steel damper dissipates energy mainly through in-plane shear yield deformation of the steel plate, when the damper bears large horizontal load, the steel plate is subjected to shear deformation along the in-plane direction, the steel plate deforms into elastic deformation at the stage that the stress does not exceed the yield stress of steel, and the steel plate plastically deforms after the stress exceeds the yield stress. Because the damper is integrally sheared, the bending moment at two ends is the largest, so that the stress at two ends of the whole sheared plate is the largest, and the shape optimization and the variable cross-section design or the centralized or distributed punching treatment is generally required.

In recent years, some researchers have begun to develop staged yielding metal shear dissipaters, and current implementations include combinations of dissipaters that use different yielding displacements or different yielding modes. For example, Schopper waves and the like design a bending yield type mild steel damper by adopting two different mild steel sheets through a method of changing the yield strength and the thickness of an energy dissipation mild steel sheet. The X-shaped bending yield type soft steel sheet is adopted, and the goal of staged yield is realized by adjusting the yield strength and the thickness of the soft steel sheet. The staged yielding method comprises the following steps that in the first stage, part of the soft steel sheets enter yielding energy consumption within a small-vibration range, and the other part of the soft steel sheets begin to consume energy when the displacement of the small vibration exceeds the displacement of the small vibration; and in the second stage, all the soft steel sheets are subjected to yield energy consumption under the action of medium and large earthquakes. However, the graded yield type soft steel damper consumes energy by combining two kinds of bent soft steel sheets through changing the yield strength and the thickness of the energy-consuming soft steel sheets, the yield displacement of the bent steel sheet at the first yield section is small, the yield displacement of the bent steel sheet at the second stage is large, the bent steel sheet at the first yield section enters a working state at a small-earthquake stage, the bent steel sheet at the second stage also participates in stress, and the energy-dissipating effect of the first yield section under small earthquake can be seriously influenced and interfered because the second yield section provides rigidity and bearing capacity which are much larger than those of the first yield section.

The two-stage yield energy consumption soft steel damper provided by Liuwei Qing and the like is composed of a rectangular shearing type steel sheet with large initial rigidity and small yield displacement and an X-shaped bending steel sheet with small initial rigidity and large yield displacement. When a small earthquake occurs, the shearing type steel sheet begins to yield and consume energy under a small displacement, and at the moment, the bending type steel sheet is in an elastic state and is used as a safe reserve under a large earthquake, so that the energy consumption is the first stage. When the earthquake occurs, the bent steel sheet begins to yield and consume energy, and the bent steel sheet and the shearing steel sheet dissipate earthquake energy together, so that the second stage of energy consumption is realized. However, under the action of a large earthquake, the damper is required to provide larger rigidity and energy dissipation capacity, but the rigidity and yield force of the bent steel sheet are smaller than those of the shear steel sheet, and the rigidity and energy dissipation capacity provided under the large earthquake are limited.

Liu feng etc. propose a but soft steel attenuator of stage yield, this attenuator adopts the attenuator of two kinds of models of highly different small steel sheet and big steel sheet to realize consuming energy stage by stage. When the earthquake force is small, the small steel sheet yields and consumes energy firstly, the large steel sheet is still in an elastic state, and the damper part enters a plastic state, so that the aim of preventing small earthquake from being damaged can be fulfilled; when the earthquake force is larger, the large steel sheet and the small steel sheet are all yielded, and the damper integrally enters a plastic state, so that the purposes of repairing the medium earthquake and preventing the large earthquake from falling are achieved. However, the dampers with two types of small steel sheets and large steel sheets with different heights can consume energy in stages, the same problem also exists, and under the action of small vibration, the second yield section can influence the energy dissipation effect of the first yield section; under high shock, the second yield segment does not provide greater stiffness and energy dissipation than the first yield segment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a staged yielding type mild steel damper and a construction method thereof, and solves the technical problem that the prior staged yielding type mild steel damper cannot achieve staged yielding well because a first yielding section is influenced by a second yielding section connected in parallel under the action of small earthquake.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a staged yielding type mild steel damper comprises a body, wherein the body comprises a horizontal connecting base and a vertical energy dissipation piece, the connecting base comprises two bases which are opposite up and down, the energy dissipation piece is positioned between the two bases, the upper end and the lower end of the energy dissipation piece are respectively and fixedly connected on the two bases,

the energy dissipation part comprises a first yielding part and a second yielding part which are perpendicular to each other, the first yielding part is divided into two parts which are respectively positioned at two longitudinal sides of the body and are symmetrically arranged, each part comprises a group of first yielding unit groups which are arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction of the body, the first yielding unit groups are longitudinally arranged in a row or transversely arranged in parallel in more than two rows, each row of the first yielding unit groups comprises a group of first yielding units, each first yielding unit comprises a bent soft steel sheet and first positioning devices which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end, the bent soft steel sheets of all the first yielding parts are arranged in parallel, and the first positioning devices are fixedly connected with the connecting base,

the second yields the piece and concentrates on setting up between the central authorities of body, the first piece of surging of both sides, the second yields the piece and includes along the body transversely one row of a set of second that sets up yields the unit group, and this row of second yields the unit group and includes a set of second and yields the unit, and every second yields the unit and all includes shearing type soft steel sheet and the second positioner that upper and lower both ends set up respectively, and all second yield the equal parallel arrangement of shearing type soft steel sheet of piece, second positioner with be connected base fixed connection.

The bending type soft steel sheet is transversely arranged along the body, and the shearing type soft steel sheet is longitudinally arranged along the body.

The number of the arrangement columns of the first yielding unit group is the same as that of the second yielding units in the second yielding unit group, and the first yielding unit group and the second yielding unit group are longitudinally in one-to-one correspondence.

First positioner includes first locating plate of horizontally and vertical first connecting bolt, first locating plate transversely sets up along the body, crooked type soft steel sheet is perpendicular first locating plate, set up between two parties along first locating plate and rather than fixed connection, on the first locating plate, the both sides of crooked type soft steel sheet are opened a set of first bolt hole that supplies first connecting bolt to connect respectively, the position that corresponds first bolt hole on the connection base has also opened first yield unit connecting hole, and the first connecting bolt of every side all passes the first bolt hole and the first yield unit connecting hole of this side in proper order, the first locating device of fixed connection and base.

The first bolt holes are all round holes.

The plate body of the bent flexible steel sheet is in an X-shaped or triangular shape in planar shape, holes are formed in the plate body and are circular, oval, rhombic or strip-shaped, and the holes are distributed on the plate body in a concentrated or dispersed mode.

The second positioning device comprises a horizontal second positioning plate and a vertical second connecting bolt, the second positioning plate is longitudinally arranged along the body, the shearing type soft steel sheet is perpendicular to the second positioning plate, is arranged in the middle along the second positioning plate and is fixedly connected with the second positioning plate, a group of second bolt holes for the second connecting bolt to be connected are formed in the two sides of the shearing type soft steel sheet on the second positioning plate respectively, a second yielding unit connecting hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the second bolt hole, on the connecting base, the second connecting bolt on each side sequentially penetrates through the second bolt hole on the side and the second yielding unit connecting hole, and the second positioning device is fixedly connected with the base.

The second bolt hole comprises an upper second bolt hole at the upper side and a lower second bolt hole at the lower side, and the upper second bolt hole and the lower second bolt hole are both oblong holes, or the upper second bolt hole is an oblong hole and the lower second bolt hole is a round hole; or the upper hole of the second bolt is a round hole, and the lower hole of the second bolt is a long round hole.

The plate body of the shearing type soft steel sheet is in an X-shaped or triangular shape in a planar shape, holes are formed in the plate body and are circular, oval, rhombic or strip-shaped, and the holes are distributed on the plate body in a concentrated or dispersed mode.

A construction method of a staged yield type mild steel damper comprises the following construction steps:

step one, calculating the number and the size of dampers needing to be arranged when the simulation building is subjected to earthquake force;

preprocessing steel plates forming all parts of the damper;

thirdly, placing the connecting base on the lower side on a processing table;

step four, fixedly connecting the upper end and the lower end of the bent flexible steel sheet to the first positioning plates on the two sides respectively to form a first yielding unit, then forming a first bolt hole in the first positioning plate, correspondingly forming a first yielding unit connecting hole in the connecting base, arranging all lower first positioning plates on the lower connecting base according to the designed position, then penetrating a first connecting bolt through the first yielding unit connecting hole and the first bolt hole, and fastening the lower part with the lower connecting base;

step five, fixedly connecting the upper end and the lower end of the shearing type soft steel sheet to second positioning plates on two sides respectively to form a second yield unit, then forming a second bolt hole in the second positioning plate, correspondingly forming a first yield unit connecting hole in the connecting base, arranging the second positioning plate on the lower side on the connecting base on the lower side according to the designed position, then penetrating a second connecting bolt through the second yield unit connecting hole and the second bolt hole, and fastening the components on the lower side with the connecting base on the lower side;

step six, covering the upper connecting base on the upper sides of the first yielding units and the second yielding units, then fastening the first connecting bolts corresponding to the first yielding unit connecting holes to enable the first connecting bolts to be connected with the upper connecting base, and fastening the second connecting bolts corresponding to the second yielding unit connecting holes to enable the second connecting bolts to be connected with the upper connecting base;

seventhly, after the factory processing is finished, transporting to a construction site;

and step eight, placing each damper at a design position between building layers according to the design, and fixedly connecting the connecting base with the building.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

the invention relates to a graded yield metal damper, which combines a shearing type steel sheet and a bending type steel sheet, and the bending type steel sheet and a positioner thereof form a bending type soft steel damper through the structure to form a first yield section, and the shearing type steel sheet and the positioner thereof form the shearing type soft steel damper to form a second yield section. The bent steel sheet consumes energy by utilizing the out-of-plane deformation of the steel plate, has smaller rigidity, yield force and larger extreme displacement, and the bent soft steel damper consisting of the bent steel sheet has smaller lateral stiffness, larger yield displacement and extreme displacement; the shearing type steel sheet consumes energy by utilizing the in-plane deformation of the steel sheet, has larger rigidity and yield force, and the shearing type soft steel damper consisting of the shearing type steel sheet has larger lateral rigidity resistance and smaller yield displacement and ultimate displacement. The metal damper has two yield points, the first yield section bent steel sheet enters into work under a small shock, the yield energy consumption is realized, the second yield section sheared steel sheet does not enter into a working state, the energy consumption of the first yield section is not influenced, and the defects of the prior art are overcome. Under the action of medium or large earthquake, the shearing type steel sheet of the second yielding section yields and consumes energy, and enters a working state, the rigidity and the energy consumption capacity of the second yielding section are far larger than those of the first yielding section, so that the defects of the prior art are overcome, the bending type steel sheet of the first yielding section has larger ultimate deformation, the energy dissipation and shock absorption effects can be normally exerted under the large earthquake, and the application range of the metal damper is greatly expanded.

In addition, the upper end and the lower end of the shearing type mild steel damper are fixedly connected with the base through bolts, and the lower end of the bending type mild steel damper is fixedly connected with the base through bolts. The upper end or the lower end of the shearing type mild steel damper is connected with the long round bolt hole through the bolt, partial horizontal deformation is released, the length of the long round bolt hole is determined according to a structural damping target, and structural layer shearing deformation under the action of small or medium earthquakes can be achieved.

The specific working mechanism of the invention is as follows:

under the action of small vibration: the bent mild steel damper firstly enters yield energy consumption, and due to the releasing action of the long round bolt holes, the shearing mild steel damper does not enter a working state, so that the energy dissipation effect of the bent mild steel damper is not influenced.

Under the action of medium or large earthquake: the horizontal deformation ratio between layers of the structure is remarkably increased under small earthquake, the length released by the long round bolt holes is reached or exceeded, the shearing type soft steel damper enters a working state, shearing deformation energy dissipation is generated, and the rigidity and the bearing capacity of the shearing type soft steel damper are remarkably higher than those of the bending type soft steel damper, so that the increase of earthquake action and the energy dissipation requirement of the structure are well adapted, and the energy dissipation effect is jointly exerted with the bending type soft steel damper.

The bending type mild steel damper has larger ultimate displacement, can normally work under the condition of large shock and easily meet the requirement of ultimate deformation; the shear type mild steel damper has smaller ultimate displacement, but begins to yield and dissipate energy under the medium or large earthquake, and is easy to meet the requirement of ultimate deformation.

The staged yield metal damper well utilizes the energy dissipation mechanism and product characteristics of the bending type mild steel damper and the shearing type mild steel damper, is suitable for gradual increase of earthquake action, is well suitable for structural grading performance design, and is a shock absorption product with excellent performance.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a disassembled structure schematic diagram of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the lateral side view structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first yielding unit.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 5 with the bolts removed.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of a second yielding unit.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of fig. 7 with the bolts removed.

FIG. 9 is a hysteresis curve diagram of each yield section of the mild steel damper of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a hysteresis curve diagram of each yield section of the mild steel damper according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 11 is a hysteresis curve for the first and second yielding segments of fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is the total hysteresis curve of fig. 10.

Reference numerals: 1-a first yielding piece, 2-a second yielding piece, 3-a connecting base, 31-a first yielding unit connecting hole, 32-a second yielding unit connecting hole, 4-a first yielding unit, 41-a bent flexible steel sheet, 42-a first positioning device, 421-a first positioning plate, 422-a first connecting bolt, 43-a first bolt hole, 5-a second yielding unit, 51-a shearing flexible steel sheet, 52-a second positioning device, 521-a second positioning plate, 522-a second connecting bolt, 53-a second bolt hole, 531-a second bolt upper hole and 532-a second bolt lower hole.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-4, the soft steel damper comprises a body, wherein the body comprises a horizontal connecting base 3 and a vertical energy dissipation piece, the connecting base comprises two bases which are opposite up and down, the energy dissipation piece is positioned between the two bases, and the upper end and the lower end of the energy dissipation piece are respectively and fixedly connected to the two bases.

The energy dissipation part comprises a first yielding part 1 and a second yielding part 2 which are perpendicular to each other, the first yielding part is divided into two parts which are respectively located on two longitudinal sides of the body and symmetrically arranged, each part comprises a group of first yielding unit groups which are longitudinally arranged in a row along the body, the first yielding unit groups are longitudinally arranged in a row or transversely arranged in parallel in more than two rows, each row of first yielding unit groups comprises a group of first yielding units 4, each first yielding unit 4 comprises a bent soft steel sheet 41 and first positioning devices 42 respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first yielding unit, the bent soft steel sheets 41 of all the first yielding parts are arranged in parallel, and the first positioning devices 42 are fixedly connected with the connecting base 3.

The second yields 2 and concentrates on setting up between the central authorities of body, the first yield 1 of both sides, the second yields 2 includes along the body transversely one row of a set of second yield unit group that sets up, this row of second yields the unit group and includes a set of second yield unit 5, every second yields unit 5 and all includes shearing type soft steel sheet 51 and the second positioner 52 that upper and lower both ends set up respectively, all second yield the equal parallel arrangement of shearing type soft steel sheet 51 of piece, second positioner 52 with be connected base 3 fixed connection.

The bending type soft steel sheet 41 is transversely arranged along the body, and the shearing type soft steel sheet 51 is longitudinally arranged along the body.

Referring to fig. 5 to 6, the shape of the plate body 41 of the bent flexible steel sheet is an X shape or a triangle in a planar shape, in this embodiment, the plate body is an X shape, the plate body is provided with holes, the holes are circular, oval, rhombic, or strip-shaped, and the holes are distributed on the plate body in a concentrated manner or in a dispersed manner. In this embodiment, the planar shape is an X shape.

The number of the arrangement columns of the first yielding unit group is the same as that of the second yielding units in the second yielding unit group, and the first yielding unit group and the second yielding unit group are longitudinally in one-to-one correspondence. In this embodiment, the first yielding pieces are arranged in two rows, each row includes two rows of first yielding unit groups, each part of each row is provided with four first yielding piece units, and the second yielding unit group includes two second yielding units.

First positioner 42 includes first locating plate 421 of horizontally and vertical first connecting bolt 422, first locating plate 421 transversely sets up along the body, crooked type soft steel sheet 41 perpendicular first locating plate 421, set up in the middle of along first locating plate 421 and rather than fixed connection, first locating plate 421 is last, crooked type soft steel sheet 41's both sides are opened a set of first bolt hole 43 that supplies first connecting bolt to connect respectively, first yield unit connecting hole 31 has also been opened to the position that corresponds first bolt hole 43 on the connection base 3, and first connecting bolt 422 of each side all passes first bolt hole 43 and the first yield unit connecting hole 31 of this side in proper order, fixed connection first positioner 42 and base.

The first bolt holes 43 are all round holes. The first bolt hole 43 is opened three on each side.

Referring to fig. 7 to 8, the shape of the plate body of the shearing type soft steel plate 51 is an X shape or a triangle in a planar shape, in this embodiment, the plate body is an X shape, the plate body is provided with holes, the holes are circular, oval, rhombic or strip-shaped, and the holes are distributed on the plate body in a concentrated manner or in a dispersed manner. In this embodiment, the planar shape is an X shape.

The second positioning device 52 comprises a horizontal second positioning plate 521 and a vertical second connecting bolt 522, the second positioning plate 521 is longitudinally arranged along the body, the shearing type soft steel sheet 51 is perpendicular to the second positioning plate 521, is centrally arranged along the second positioning plate 521 and is fixedly connected with the second positioning plate, a group of second bolt holes 53 for connecting the second connecting bolt are respectively formed in the second positioning plate 521 and two sides of the shearing type soft steel sheet 51, a second yielding unit connecting hole 32 is also formed in the position, corresponding to the second bolt holes 53, of the connecting base 3, the second connecting bolt 522 of each side sequentially penetrates through the second bolt holes 53 and the second yielding unit connecting holes 32 of the side, and the second positioning device 52 and the base are fixedly connected.

Each of the second bolt holes 53 is opened with three holes including an upper second bolt hole 531 on the upper side and a lower second bolt hole 532 on the lower side. In this embodiment, the second bolt upper hole 531 is an oblong hole, and the second bolt lower hole 532 is a round hole, and in other embodiments, the second bolt upper hole 531 is a round hole, and the second bolt lower hole 532 is an oblong hole; or the second bolt upper hole 531 and the second bolt lower hole 532 are both oblong holes.

The energy consumption process of the buckling restrained brace of the invention can be seen in fig. 9.

The hysteresis curve of the first yielding segment is equal to the horizontal shear deformation of the whole soft steel damper in the staged yielding type before the second yielding segment is put into operation, and the hysteresis curve of the first yielding segment is completely consistent with the total hysteresis curve of the soft steel damper in the staged yielding type before the second yielding segment is put into operation.

The deformation of the second yield section when the second yield section enters the working state is l₁The length of the oblong hole of the second bolt upper hole 531 is the length of the oblong hole of the second yield section, l₁Which is also the difference in deformation between the first and second yield sections.

Fig. 10-12 show graphs of hysteresis for certain embodiments with horizontal deformation on the horizontal axis and shear force on the vertical axis, where fig. 10 is a stack of the first yielding segment, the second yielding segment, and the total hysteresis graph. The hysteresis curves of fig. 11, which include only the first and second yielding segments, are respectively indicative of the hysteresis curve of the first yielding segment itself and the hysteresis curve of the second yielding segment itself at the onset of an earthquake. Fig. 12 is a total hysteresis curve diagram of the whole stage yielding type mild steel damper at the time of earthquake.

The construction method of the staged yield type mild steel damper comprises the following construction steps:

step one, calculating the number and the size of dampers required to be arranged when the simulation building is subjected to earthquake force.

And step two, preprocessing the steel plates forming each part of the damper.

And step three, placing the lower connecting base 3 on the processing table.

And step four, fixedly connecting the upper end and the lower end of the bent flexible steel sheet 41 to the first positioning plates 421 at the two sides respectively to form a first yielding unit 4, then opening first bolt holes 43 on the first positioning plates 421 to correspond to the first yielding unit connecting holes 31 formed on the connecting base, then arranging all the lower first positioning plates 421 on the lower connecting base 3 according to the designed positions, then penetrating the first connecting bolts 422 through the first yielding unit connecting holes 31 and the first bolt holes 43 and firstly fastening the components at the lower side with the lower connecting base.

Step five, fixedly connecting the upper end and the lower end of the shearing type soft steel sheet 51 to the second positioning plates 521 at the two sides respectively to form a second yielding unit 5, then opening second bolt holes 53 on the second positioning plates 521, correspondingly opening first yielding unit connecting holes 31 on the connecting bases, then arranging the lower side second positioning plates 521 on the connecting bases 3 at the lower side according to the designed positions, then penetrating second connecting bolts 522 through the second yielding unit connecting holes 32 and the second bolt holes 53 and firstly fastening the components at the lower side with the connecting bases at the lower side.

And step six, covering the upper connecting base 3 on the upper sides of the first yielding units 4 and the second yielding units 5, fastening the first connecting bolts 422 corresponding to the first yielding unit connecting holes 31 to be connected with the upper connecting base, and fastening the second connecting bolts 522 corresponding to the second yielding unit connecting holes 32 to be connected with the upper connecting base.

And seventhly, transporting to a construction site after the factory processing is finished.

And step eight, placing each damper at a design position between building layers according to the design, and fixedly connecting the connecting base with the building.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a yield type mild steel attenuator in stages, includes the body, its characterized in that: the body comprises a horizontal connecting base (3) and a vertical energy dissipation piece, the connecting base comprises two bases which are opposite up and down, the energy dissipation piece is positioned between the two bases, the upper end and the lower end of the energy dissipation piece are respectively and fixedly connected on the two bases,

the energy dissipation part comprises a first yielding part (1) and a second yielding part (2) which are perpendicular to each other, the first yielding part is divided into two parts which are respectively positioned at two longitudinal sides of the body and symmetrically arranged, each part comprises a group of first yielding unit groups arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction of the body, the first yielding unit groups are longitudinally arranged in one row or transversely arranged in parallel in more than two rows, each row of first yielding unit groups comprises a group of first yielding units (4), each first yielding unit (4) comprises a bent soft steel sheet (41) and first positioning devices (42) respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end, the bent soft steel sheets (41) of all the first yielding parts are arranged in parallel, and the first positioning devices (42) are fixedly connected with the connecting base (3),

the second yields piece (2) and concentrates on setting up between the central authorities of body, the first yield piece (1) in both sides, the second yields piece (2) including transversely becoming a set of second yield unit group that a row set up along the body, this row of second yields the unit group including a set of second yield unit (5), every second yields unit (5) and all includes second positioner (52) that shear type soft steel sheet (51) and upper and lower both ends set up respectively, all second yield the equal parallel arrangement of shear type soft steel sheet (51) of piece, second positioner (52) and connection base (3) fixed connection.

2. The staged yield mild steel damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bending type soft steel sheet (41) is transversely arranged along the body, and the shearing type soft steel sheet (51) is longitudinally arranged along the body.

3. The phased yielding mild steel damper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of the arrangement columns of the first yielding unit group is the same as that of the second yielding units in the second yielding unit group, and the first yielding unit group and the second yielding unit group are longitudinally in one-to-one correspondence.

4. The phased yielding mild steel damper according to claim 3, wherein: first positioner (42) include first locating plate of horizontally (421) and vertical first connecting bolt (422), first locating plate (421) transversely set up along the body, first locating plate (421), set up in the middle and rather than fixed connection along first locating plate (421) perpendicularly of crooked type soft steel sheet (41), on first locating plate (421), the both sides of crooked type soft steel sheet (41) are opened respectively and are supplied first bolt hole (43) of first connecting bolt connection, first yield unit connecting hole (31) have also been opened to the position that corresponds first bolt hole (43) on connection base (3), and first connecting bolt (422) of every side all pass first bolt hole (43) and the first yield unit connecting hole (31) of this side in proper order, first positioner (42) of fixed connection and base.

5. The phased yielding mild steel damper according to claim 4, wherein: the first bolt holes (43) are all round holes.

6. The phased yielding mild steel damper according to claim 4, wherein: the shape of a plate body (41) of the bent flexible steel sheet is X-shaped or triangular, holes are formed in the plate body and are circular, oval, rhombic or strip-shaped, and the holes are distributed on the plate body in a concentrated mode or in a dispersed mode.

7. The staged yield mild steel damper according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: the second positioning device (52) comprises a horizontal second positioning plate (521) and a vertical second connecting bolt (522), the second positioning plate (521) is longitudinally arranged along the body, the shearing type soft steel sheet (51) is perpendicular to the second positioning plate (521), centrally arranged along the second positioning plate (521) and fixedly connected with the second positioning plate, a group of second bolt holes (53) for the second connecting bolt to connect are respectively formed in the two sides of the shearing type soft steel sheet (51) on the second positioning plate (521) and the two sides of the shearing type soft steel sheet (51), a second yielding unit connecting hole (32) is also formed in the position, corresponding to the second bolt hole (53), on the connecting base (3), the second connecting bolt (522) on each side sequentially penetrates through the second bolt hole (53) and the second yielding unit connecting hole (32) on the side, and the second positioning device (52) and the base are fixedly connected.

8. The phased yielding mild steel damper according to claim 7, wherein: the second bolt holes (53) comprise upper second bolt holes (531) on the upper side and lower second bolt holes (532) on the lower side, the upper second bolt holes (531) and the lower second bolt holes (532) are both oblong holes, or the upper second bolt holes (531) are oblong holes, and the lower second bolt holes (532) are round holes; or the second bolt upper hole (531) is a round hole, and the second bolt lower hole (532) is a long round hole.

9. The phased yielding mild steel damper according to claim 7, wherein: the plate body of the shearing type soft steel sheet (51) is in an X-shaped or triangular shape in a planar shape, holes are formed in the plate body and are circular, oval, rhombic or strip-shaped, and the holes are distributed on the plate body in a concentrated mode or in a dispersed mode.

10. A construction method of a stepped yield mild steel damper according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the construction steps are as follows:

step one, calculating the number and the size of dampers needing to be arranged when the simulation building is subjected to earthquake force;

preprocessing steel plates forming all parts of the damper;

thirdly, placing the connecting base (3) on the lower side on a processing table;

step four, fixedly connecting the upper end and the lower end of a bent flexible steel sheet (41) to first positioning plates (421) on two sides respectively to form a first yielding unit (4), then opening a first bolt hole (43) on the first positioning plates (421), correspondingly opening a first yielding unit connecting hole (31) on a connecting base, then arranging all lower first positioning plates (421) on a lower connecting base (3) according to the designed position, then penetrating a first connecting bolt (422) through the first yielding unit connecting hole (31) and the first bolt hole (43) and fastening a lower part with the lower connecting base;

step five, fixedly connecting the upper end and the lower end of a shearing type soft steel sheet (51) to second positioning plates (521) on two sides respectively to form a second yielding unit (5), then forming a second bolt hole (53) in each second positioning plate (521), correspondingly arranging a first yielding unit connecting hole (31) in each connecting base, arranging the second positioning plates (521) on the lower side on the connecting base (3) on the lower side according to the designed position, then penetrating a second connecting bolt (522) through the second yielding unit connecting hole (32) and the second bolt hole (53) and firstly fastening the components on the lower side with the connecting base on the lower side;

step six, covering the upper side connecting base (3) on the upper sides of the first yielding unit (4) and the second yielding unit (5), then fastening the first connecting bolt (422) corresponding to the first yielding unit connecting hole (31) to enable the first connecting bolt to be connected with the upper side connecting base, and fastening the second connecting bolt (522) corresponding to the second yielding unit connecting hole (32) to enable the second connecting bolt to be connected with the upper side connecting base;

seventhly, after the factory processing is finished, transporting to a construction site;

and step eight, placing each damper at a design position between building layers according to the design, and fixedly connecting the connecting base with the building.

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