CN113152512A

CN113152512A - Gravity type retaining wall and construction method

Info

Publication number: CN113152512A
Application number: CN202110360564.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈远洪; 曹自印; 马克丰; 李巍; 王祥; 姚洪锡; 袁丛军; 黄红华; 张翔玮; 范瑞祥; 张梦
Original assignee: Zhengwan Railway Passenger Dedicated Line Henan Co ltd; China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhengwan Railway Passenger Dedicated Line Henan Co ltd; China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-02
Filing date: 2021-04-02
Publication date: 2021-07-23

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a gravity type retaining wall, including wall body prefabricated section and rib. Set up the rib in the wall prefabricated section, connect adjacent wall prefabricated section assembly through the rib and form a fender portion, prop up the fender portion and be located the side slope outside and play a fender effect to the side slope. The retaining part of the gravity retaining wall improves the construction efficiency by assembling the wall precast blocks on site, and the reinforcing part is connected with the adjacent wall precast blocks, so that the structural strength of the gravity retaining wall is improved. The bottom of a supporting part formed by assembling wall body precast blocks is pressed into a foundation pit of a side slope, so that the stability of the gravity type retaining wall base and the anti-overturning capacity of the gravity type retaining wall are improved. The gravity type retaining wall that this application embodiment provided has structural strength height and the high advantage of efficiency of construction. The application also provides a construction method of the gravity retaining wall, and the construction method has the advantages of high construction efficiency, resource saving and high structural strength.

Description

Gravity type retaining wall and construction method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of slope support engineering, in particular to a gravity retaining wall and a construction method.

Background

Gravity type retaining wall relies on the wall body dead weight to bear the effect of soil pressure, adopts plain concrete cast in situ to form usually. The traditional construction of the full cast-in-place gravity retaining wall relates to the procedures of pouring, maintaining, template dismantling and the like of a vertical template and concrete, the construction period is long, the occupied manpower is large, and the construction quality is not easy to control. The gravity retaining wall among the prior art has structural strength poor, the problem that the efficiency of construction is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to provide a gravity retaining wall and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problem of poor structural strength of the gravity retaining wall.

To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a gravity retaining wall including:

the wall body precast blocks are assembled and connected to form a supporting and blocking part, and the supporting and blocking part is positioned outside the side slope and at least partially pressed into a foundation pit of the side slope so as to support and block the side slope; and

and the reinforcing part is arranged in the wall prefabricated block and connected with the adjacent wall prefabricated block.

Further, the wall body prefabricated section divide into:

the two adjacent middle precast blocks along the height direction of the side slope are assembled and connected with each other through the first connecting parts and the second connecting parts;

the bottom end of the top precast block forms the second connecting part, and the top precast block is connected with the first connecting part at the top end of the middle precast block which is integrally connected through the second connecting part; and

the bottom prefabricated section, the top of bottom prefabricated section forms first connecting portion, the bottom prefabricated section passes through first connecting portion and connect into whole the second connecting portion of the bottom of middle prefabricated section are connected.

Furthermore, the top precast block and the middle precast block form at least one through mounting hole along the slope direction of the side slope;

one end of the reinforcing part is embedded in the bottom prefabricated block, and the other end of the reinforcing part penetrates through the middle prefabricated block and the mounting hole of the top prefabricated block so as to connect the top prefabricated block, the middle prefabricated block and the bottom prefabricated block to form the supporting and blocking part matched with the slope rate of the side slope.

Further, one of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is a boss, and the other of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is a groove.

Further, the reinforcement portion includes:

one end of the protective sleeve is embedded in the bottom prefabricated block, the other end of the protective sleeve forms a pouring opening and penetrates through the mounting holes of the middle prefabricated block and the top prefabricated block so as to be connected with the top prefabricated block, the middle prefabricated block and the bottom prefabricated block to form the supporting and blocking part, and a plurality of grouting pipe holes are formed in the pipe wall of the protective sleeve; and

and the pouring body is poured in the protective sleeve and overflows from the grouting pipe hole to be connected with the wall body precast block.

Furthermore, the mounting hole is formed on the boss, at least one transverse grouting hole penetrating through the mounting hole is formed on the peripheral surface of the boss, and the grouting hole of the protective sleeve is arranged corresponding to the transverse grouting hole.

Furthermore, the depth of the protective sleeve embedded in the bottom prefabricated block is more than or equal to 200 mm.

Furthermore, the length of the wall body precast block along the extending direction of the side slope is L, wherein L is more than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to 3 m; the height of the wall body precast block along the height direction of the side slope is H, wherein H is more than or equal to 0.3m and less than or equal to 0.8 m; the width of the wall body precast block is B, wherein B is more than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to 4 m.

Further, the boss is a quadrangular frustum pyramid, the shape of the groove is matched with that of the quadrangular frustum pyramid, and a gap is reserved between the boss and the groove, so that the reinforcing part is connected with the boss and the groove.

Furthermore, the width of the bottom surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid along the width direction of the wall body precast block is (0.2-0.4) B; the length of the prefabricated wall block along the length direction is (0.5-0.8) L; the height of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 0.03-0.08 m; the slope of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 1: 1-1: 2.

furthermore, a tenon key is formed at the bottom end of the bottom precast block, and the bottom precast block is pressed into the foundation pit through the tenon key.

Furthermore, the tenon key is formed at the bottom end of the bottom precast block along the extending direction of the side slope in a penetrating manner, and the height of the tenon key along the height direction of the side slope is more than or equal to 0.15 m.

Further, along side slope direction of height, the wall prefabricated section staggered arrangement of adjacent layer.

Furthermore, a hoisting hole is formed in the top end of the wall body precast block, a hoisting rib is embedded in the wall body precast block, and at least part of the hoisting rib is located in the hoisting hole.

In another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a construction method of a gravity retaining wall, the construction method including:

the prefabricated wall body block comprises a top prefabricated block, a middle prefabricated block and a bottom prefabricated block, wherein a protective casing is pre-embedded in the bottom prefabricated block;

excavating a foundation pit of the side slope;

hoisting the bottom precast block to a preset position and pressing the bottom precast block into the foundation pit;

backfilling the foundation pit;

assembling the middle precast block and the top precast block to form a supporting part, wherein the protective sleeve penetrates through mounting holes of the middle precast block and the top precast block;

and grouting into the protective sleeve.

Further, the step of excavation of the foundation ditch of side slope specifically includes:

clearing and leveling the field, and excavating foundation soil to the bottom of the foundation of the gravity type retaining wall;

expanding a preset distance outside two sides of the foundation pit along the width direction of the side slope, and temporarily releasing the slope according to a preset slope;

and a mounting groove matched with the tenon key of the bottom precast block in shape is formed at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the mounting groove is smaller than the tenon key.

Further, the step of assembling the intermediate precast block and the top precast block to form a backstop includes: and coating an adhesive on each contact surface of the adjacent wall body precast blocks, and arranging adhesive joints along the periphery of each contact surface of the wall body precast blocks.

Further, the step of assembling the intermediate precast block and the top precast block to form a backstop includes: and painting waterproof paint on four sides of one side, close to one side of the side slope, of the wall body precast block.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 with a greening groove;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an elongated top preform block according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a short strip top preform block in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an elongated intermediate preform block according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a short strip-shaped intermediate precast block in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an elongated bottom preform block according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a short strip bottom preform block in an embodiment of the present application; and

fig. 10 is a flowchart of a construction method of a gravity retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1. Wall body prefabricated blocks; 11. a top precast block; 111. a strip-shaped top precast block; 112. a short strip-shaped top precast block; 12. a middle precast block; 121. a strip-shaped middle precast block; 122. a short strip-shaped intermediate precast block; 13. a bottom precast block; 131. a strip-shaped bottom precast block; 132. a short strip-shaped bottom precast block; 14. mounting holes; 15. a boss; 16. a groove; 17. a transverse grouting hole; 18. a tenon key; 19. hoisting holes; 2. a reinforcing portion; 21. a protective sleeve; 22. pouring a building body; 4. a foundation pit; 5. side slope; 6. a water drain hole; 7. a reverse filtering layer; 8. a greening groove; 100. gravity type retaining wall.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, technical features in examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the detailed description in the specific embodiment should be understood as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as an improper limitation to the present application.

The directional terms used in the description of the present application are intended only to facilitate the description of the application and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered limiting of the application.

In one aspect of the present invention, a gravity retaining wall is provided, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, including a wall body precast block 1 and a reinforcing portion 2. At least two wall body prefabricated blocks 1 are assembled and connected to form a supporting part, the supporting part is positioned outside the side slope 5 and at least partially pressed into the soil body of the side slope 5 so as to support and block the side slope 5; the reinforcement part 2 is arranged in the wall precast block 1 and connected with the adjacent wall precast block 1.

Set up rib 2 in wall prefabricated section 1, connect adjacent wall prefabricated section 1 erection joint through rib 2 and form a fender portion, for example, connect a plurality of adjacent wall prefabricated sections 1 from top to bottom through rib 2 for rib connects fender portion upper and lower all wall prefabricated section 1. A plurality of reinforcement 2 set up on wall prefabricated section 1 along the extending direction interval of side slope. The supporting and retaining part is positioned outside the side slope 5 to play a role of supporting and retaining the side slope 5. The retaining part of gravity retaining wall 100 has improved the efficiency of construction through on-the-spot assembly wall body prefabricated section 1, prefabricates connecting adjacent wall body through rib 2, has improved gravity retaining wall 100's structural strength. The bottom of the support part formed by assembling the wall body precast blocks 1 is pressed into the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5, the soil pressure borne by the gravity type retaining wall 100 is effectively transmitted to the foundation, and the stability of the foundation of the gravity type retaining wall 100 and the anti-overturning capacity of the gravity type retaining wall 100 are improved. The gravity type retaining wall that this application embodiment provided has the advantage that structural strength is high.

Gravity type retaining wall adopts the assembled, and the process is simple, receive external environment factor interference little, can greatly improve the efficiency of construction, obviously shorten construction period. The gravity type retaining wall is assembled to meet the development trend of standardization, industrialization, mechanization and low consumption, and is favorable for ensuring the quality of the retaining wall, reducing the labor intensity of manpower, saving the labor cost, saving energy, reducing consumption, reducing carbon and protecting environment.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4-9, the wall block 1 is divided into a top block 11, a middle block 12, and a bottom block 13. Two ends of the middle precast block 12 along the height direction of the side slope 5 form a first connecting part and a second connecting part respectively, and two adjacent middle precast blocks 12 along the height direction of the side slope 5 are connected with each other through the first connecting part and the second connecting part; the bottom end of the top precast block 11 forms a second connecting part, and the top precast block 11 is connected with the first connecting part at the top end of the middle precast block 12 which is integrally connected through the second connecting part; the top of bottom prefabricated section 13 forms first connecting portion, and bottom prefabricated section 13 is connected through first connecting portion and the second connecting portion that connect into the bottom of holistic middle prefabricated section 12.

The wall block 1 is divided into a top block 11, a middle block 12 and a bottom block 13. The middle prefabricated blocks 12 are connected with each other through the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion to form a whole body between two adjacent middle prefabricated blocks 12 along the height direction of the side slope 5, and the top prefabricated block 11 and the bottom prefabricated block 13 are respectively connected with the top end and the bottom end of the middle prefabricated block 12 connected into a whole body to form a supporting portion of the gravity type retaining wall 100. The retaining part of the gravity retaining wall 100 is formed by assembling the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 on site, so that a template does not need to be erected and solidification of cast-in-place is not needed, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction period, the template and other material consumption are reduced. And connect adjacent wall body through rib 2 and prefabricate, strengthen gravity type retaining wall 100 structure, improved gravity type retaining wall 100's structural strength.

In one embodiment, the wall block 1 is divided into a middle block 12 and a bottom block 13. Two ends of the middle precast block 12 along the height direction of the side slope 5 form a first connecting part and a second connecting part respectively, and two adjacent middle precast blocks 12 along the height direction of the side slope 5 are connected with each other through the first connecting part and the second connecting part; the top end of the bottom prefabricated block 13 forms a first connection portion, and the bottom prefabricated block 13 is connected with the second connection portion at the bottom end of the integrally connected middle prefabricated block 12 through the first connection portion to form a support portion of the gravity retaining wall 100. The top of the abutment of the gravity retaining wall 100 is the intermediate precast block 12.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 9, the top prefabricated section 11 and the middle prefabricated section 12 each form at least one mounting hole 14 penetrating along the slope direction of the side slope 5; one end of the reinforcing part 2 is embedded in the bottom precast block 13, and the other end of the reinforcing part penetrates through the mounting holes 14 of the middle precast block 12 and the top precast block 11 to connect the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 to form a supporting and blocking part matched with the slope rate of the side slope 5. Reinforcing part 2 is pre-buried in bottom prefabricated section 13, has guaranteed structural strength and reinforcing part 2's anchor power. During installation, after the bottom prefabricated block 13 is pressed into a foundation pit of a side slope through self-weight action or external force, the middle prefabricated block 12 and the top prefabricated block 11 are sequentially aligned to the reinforcing part 2 through the installation hole 14, and the assembly of the supporting part of the gravity retaining wall 100 is completed. The reinforcement 2 is pre-embedded in the bottom prefabricated section 13 and plays a positioning role in assembling the middle prefabricated section 12 and the top prefabricated section 11. The reinforcement part 2 connects the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 into a whole through the mounting hole 14 to form a supporting and stopping part matched with the slope rate of the side slope 5, so that the shearing resistance of the gravity type retaining wall 100 is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 9, the length of the wall precast block 1 along the extending direction of the side slope 5 is L, wherein L is greater than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to 3 m; the height of the wall body precast block 1 along the height direction of the side slope 5 is H, wherein H is more than or equal to 0.3m and less than or equal to 0.8 m; the width of the wall body precast block 1 is B, wherein B is more than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to 4 m.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 7, the number of the mounting holes 14 formed in the top prefabricated block 11 and the middle prefabricated block 12 may be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., and the corresponding reinforcing portions 2 are embedded in the bottom prefabricated block 13. Specifically, the top prefabricated section 11 comprises a short strip-shaped top prefabricated section 112 formed with 1 mounting hole 14 and an elongated top prefabricated section 111 formed with 2 mounting holes 14; the intermediate precast block 12 includes a short bar-shaped intermediate precast block 122 formed with 1 mounting hole 14 and a long bar-shaped intermediate precast block 121 formed with 2 mounting holes 14; the bottom preform 13 includes a short strip-shaped bottom preform 132 in which 1 reinforcing part 2 is embedded and a long strip-shaped bottom preform 131 in which 2 reinforcing parts 2 are embedded.

More specifically, referring to fig. 4, 6 and 8, the height of the strip-shaped top precast block 111, the height of the strip-shaped middle precast block 121 and the length of the strip-shaped bottom precast block 131 along the height direction of the side slope 5 are 0.5m, and the length of the strip-shaped top precast block along the extension direction of the side slope 5 is 2 m; the short strip top precast block 112, the short strip middle precast block 122 and the short strip bottom precast block 132 have a height of 0.5m in the height direction of the side slope 5 and a length of 1m in the extension direction of the side slope 5; the widths of the top precast block 11 and the middle precast block 12 in the width direction of the side slope 5 are the same as those of a cast-in-place retaining wall, and are determined by force calculation and are generally 0.5 m-4 m; the assembly of the supporting part of the gravity retaining wall 100 is completed by connecting the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 through the reinforcing part 2, the supporting part matched with the slope rate of the side slope 5 is formed, and the slope gradient coefficient of the wall precast block 1 along the width direction of the side slope 5 is 0-0.4 of that of the cast-in-place retaining wall.

Referring to fig. 4, 6 and 8, the number of the first connecting portions and/or the second connecting portions on the elongated top prefabricated section 111, the elongated middle prefabricated section 121 and the elongated bottom prefabricated section 131 is two, and the number of the first connecting portions and/or the second connecting portions on the short-strip top prefabricated section 112, the short-strip middle prefabricated section 122 and the short-strip bottom prefabricated section 132 is one.

The number of the mounting holes 14 on the elongated top precast block 111 and the elongated middle precast block 121 is two, the number of the mounting holes 14 on the short elongated top precast block 112 and the short elongated middle precast block 122 is one, and the mounting holes 14 penetrate through the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion; the number of the pre-buried rib 2 on the rectangular shape bottom prefabricated section 131 is two, the number of the pre-buried rib 2 on the short strip bottom prefabricated section 132 is one, and the rib 2 is pre-buried on the first connecting portion.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 7, the top prefabricated section 11 and the middle prefabricated section 12 both form at least one mounting hole 14 penetrating along the slope direction of the side slope 5, and the bottom prefabricated section 13 forms at least one mounting hole 14 along the slope direction of the side slope 5; during installation, bottom prefabricated section 13 is placed and is being predetermine the position fixed back, prefabricated section 12 and top prefabricated section 11 stack in proper order on bottom prefabricated section 13 in the middle of, and align top prefabricated section 11, the mounting hole 14 of middle prefabricated section 12 and bottom prefabricated section 13 in proper order, insert mounting hole 14 with reinforcement 2 after aligning, with the assembly of connecting top prefabricated section 11, the assembly of the fender portion of gravity type retaining wall 100 is accomplished to middle prefabricated section 12 and bottom prefabricated section 13, form the fender portion with 5 slope rate looks adaptations of side slope. The reinforcing part 2 is uniformly inserted in the later stage, so that the prefabrication and the transportation of the wall body prefabricated block 1 are facilitated.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4-9, one of the first and second connecting portions is a boss 15 and the other of the first and second connecting portions is a recess 16. The top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 are connected through the bosses 15 and the grooves 16, a retaining part of the gravity type retaining wall 100 is formed through field assembly, the wall precast blocks 1 are connected through the bosses 15 and the grooves 16 conveniently and reliably, a template does not need to be erected and solidification of on-site pouring does not need to be waited, construction efficiency is improved, and material consumption of construction period, the template and the like is saved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, the boss 15 is a truncated pyramid, the shape of the groove 16 is matched with the truncated pyramid, and a gap is reserved between the boss 15 and the groove 16, so that the reinforcing part 2 connects the boss 15 and the groove 16. The occupied area of the boss 15 and the groove 16 is about one fifth of the surface of the wall body precast block 1, and in order to facilitate field assembly construction and guarantee successful field assembly, a gap is reserved between the boss 15 and the groove 16, the gap is 5 mm-10 mm, and the gap is reserved between the boss 15 and the groove 16, so that the installation is convenient.

In one embodiment, the wall precast block 1 has a width B, and the bottom surface of the rectangular frustum pyramid has a width (0.2-0.4) B along the width direction of the wall precast block 1; the length of the prefabricated wall block 1 along the length direction is (0.5-0.8) L; the height of the quadrangular frustum is 0.03-0.08 m; the slope of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 1: 1-1: 2.

specifically, the width of the bottom surface of the quadrangular frustum pyramid along the width direction of the wall body precast block 1 is 0.3B; the length along the length direction of the wall body precast block 1 is 0.7 m; the height of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 0.05 m; the slope of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 1: 2.

in one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the wall preform blocks 1 of adjacent layers are staggered along the height of the side slope 5. The upper wall precast block 1 and the lower wall precast block 1 are assembled in a staggered manner to increase the engaging force, so that the overall strength of the gravity retaining wall 100 is improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-3, the reinforcement 2 includes a protective sleeve 21 and a casting 22. One end of the protective sleeve 21 is embedded in the bottom precast block 13, the other end of the protective sleeve forms a pouring opening and penetrates through the middle precast block 12 and the mounting hole 14 of the top precast block 11 to connect the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 to form a supporting part, and a plurality of grouting pipe holes are formed in the pipe wall of the protective sleeve 21; the casting body 22 is cast in the protective casing 21 and overflows from the grouting pipe holes to connect the wall body precast block 1.

Through pre-burying protective casing 21 one end in bottom prefabricated section 13, the other end forms pours the mouth and wears to locate in the mounting hole 14 of middle prefabricated section 12 and top prefabricated section 11 to connect top prefabricated section 11, middle prefabricated section 12 and bottom prefabricated section 13 and form the fender portion of gravity type retaining wall 100, improve the ability of shearing of gravity type retaining wall 100. The casting body 22 is poured in the protective sleeve 21 and overflows from the grouting pipe hole to be connected with the wall body precast block 1, the casting body 22 formed in the protective sleeve 21 further improves the shearing resistance of the gravity retaining wall 100, the wall body precast block 1 is tightly connected with the groove 16 into a whole through the protective sleeve 21 and the boss 15, the integral connection and the effective transmission of prefabricated parts are realized, and the requirements of good anti-sliding and anti-tilting stability of the gravity retaining wall 100 are met.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4 to 9, the mounting hole 14 is a vertical circular hole located at the center of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion and having the same inclination as the slope 5. The diameter of the protective sleeve 21 is smaller than the aperture of the mounting hole 14, and the diameter and the wall thickness of the protective sleeve 21 are determined by calculation according to the shearing resistance, the sufficient shearing resistance is provided for the gravity type retaining wall 100 by the aid of the shearing resistance of the protective sleeve 21, and the size of the mounting hole 14 can be determined by calculation and is generally 90 mm-150 mm.

In one embodiment, the mounting hole 14 is formed on the boss 15, at least one lateral grouting hole 17 penetrating to the mounting hole 14 is formed on the peripheral surface of the boss 15, and the grouting hole of the protective sleeve 21 is arranged corresponding to the lateral grouting hole 17. After wall prefabricated section 1 assembly is accomplished, cast in situ in protecting sleeve 21 through the mouth of pouring of protecting sleeve 21, it spills over from the slip casting tube hole to pour body 22 and pour in protecting sleeve 21, it spills over boss 15 and recess 16's junction to pour body 22 through the horizontal slip casting hole 17 of the global formation of boss 15, and fill up the gap between boss 15 and the recess 16 between wall prefabricated section 1 with connecting wall prefabricated section 1, be provided with of horizontal slip casting hole 17 and do benefit to wall prefabricated section 1 and make boss 15 and recess 16 cooperation zonulae occludens connect into wholly through protecting sleeve 21 slip casting. Preferably, each circumferential surface of the boss 15 is respectively provided with a transverse grouting hole 17 penetrating through the mounting hole 14, and enough transverse grouting holes 17 ensure that enough grout overflows between the wall precast blocks 1 and ensure the connection strength of the wall precast blocks 1. Specifically, 1-2 transverse slurry seepage holes with the hole diameter of 5-10 mm are respectively arranged at the positions, away from the bottom 1/4-1/2, of the height direction of each peripheral surface of the boss 15.

In one embodiment, the protective casing 21 is a steel pipe, which fully utilizes the characteristic of strong shearing resistance of the steel pipe to ensure the shearing resistance of the gravity retaining wall 100.

In one embodiment, the depth of the protective casing 21 embedded in the bottom prefabricated block 13 is greater than or equal to 200 mm. The protective sleeve 21 is pre-buried in the bottom prefabricated section 13 by a sufficient depth, thereby ensuring the connection function of the protective sleeve 21 and preventing the protective sleeve 21 from being disengaged from or damaged by the bottom prefabricated section 13.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8-9, the bottom precast block 13 has a tenon key 18 formed at the bottom end thereof, and the bottom precast block 13 is pressed into the foundation pit through the tenon key 18. The bottom precast block 13 is pressed into the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5 by the tenon-and-mortise key 18 to a preset depth and forms a tight extrusion fixing effect with the surrounding foundation soil body, and meanwhile, the foundation pit is excavated by backfilling the foundation with low-grade concrete or broken stones, so that the soil pressure borne by the gravity type retaining wall 100 is effectively transmitted to the foundation, and the stability, the skid resistance and the anti-inclination stability of the foundation of the gravity type retaining wall 100 are further improved.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 8 to 9, the tenon key 18 penetrates the bottom end of the bottom prefabricated block 13 along the extending direction of the side slope 5, and the height of the tenon key 18 along the height direction of the side slope 5 is greater than or equal to 0.15m, for example, 0.15m, 0.2m, or 0.3 m.

It should be noted that the assembled gravity type retaining wall provided by the embodiment of the present application is suitable for a soil foundation, so as to dig a mortise slot matched with the tenon key 18 in the foundation pit of the side slope 5, where the mortise slot is smaller than the tenon key 18, and specifically, the length and depth of each side of the mortise slot are smaller than the length of the tenon key 18 by 0.02m to 0.05 m. During installation, the bottom precast block 13 is pressed into the mortise slot in the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5 through the tenon key 18 and forms a tight extrusion fixing effect with the surrounding foundation soil body, the soil foundation is convenient for pressing the tenon key 18 of the bottom precast block 13 into the mortise slot in the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5, and then the stability, the anti-sliding stability and the anti-tilting stability of the foundation of the gravity type retaining wall 100 are improved.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 9, a hoisting hole 19 is formed at the top end of the wall precast block 1, and a hoisting rib is embedded in the wall precast block 1, and at least part of the hoisting rib is located in the hoisting hole 19. Through hoisting the muscle in order to hoist and shift wall body prefabricated section 1, the couple of being convenient for lifts by crane the assembly, and the hoist and mount muscle is located hoist and mount hole 19, and is easy to assemble, prevents to interfere. Wherein, the hoisting rib can be a U-shaped rib.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, at least a part of the wall precast block 1 is further provided with a PVC pipe water outlet 6, and the PVC pipe water outlet 6 is provided along the extending direction 2m to 3m of the slope 5. So as to ensure that the groundwater in the soil body of the side slope 5 seeps out of the drainage hole 6.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 3, the gravity retaining wall 100 is provided with a reverse filtering layer 7 at the rear. After the inverted filter layer 7 is arranged, the seepage water is taken away when flowing out, so that the soil in the side slope 5 can not be carried away, and the occurrence of piping and soil flow can be prevented. The inverted filter 7 is laid on the back of the gravity retaining wall 100 and adjacent to the gravity retaining wall 100.

In another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a construction method of a gravity retaining wall, as shown in fig. 10, the construction method including:

s1: the prefabricated wall body block comprises a top prefabricated block, a middle prefabricated block and a bottom prefabricated block which is pre-embedded with a protective sleeve;

s2: excavating a foundation pit of the side slope;

s3: hoisting the bottom precast block to a preset position and pressing the bottom precast block into the foundation pit;

s4: backfilling the foundation pit;

s5: assembling the middle precast block and the top precast block to form a supporting part, and penetrating the protective sleeve through mounting holes of the middle precast block and the top precast block;

s6: and grouting into the protective sleeve.

Determining the wall form of the gravity type retaining wall 100 according to the actual situation of the side slope 5, and arranging a factory to perform prefabricated production of prefabricated wall prefabricated blocks 1, wherein the prefabricated wall blocks 1 are divided into top prefabricated blocks 11, middle prefabricated blocks 12 and bottom prefabricated blocks 13 with embedded protective casings 21; after wall body prefabricated section 1 is prefabricated or in the prefabrication, excavate the foundation ditch 4 of side slope 5, clear up the flat place, excavate foundation soil to the 100 basic bottoms of gravity type retaining wall, foundation ditch 4 both sides respectively suitably expand 0.3m outward to combine the soil property to press 1: 0.5-1: 1, temporary slope relief is carried out. After the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5 is dug, the bottom precast block 13 pre-buried with the protective casing 21 is hoisted to a preset position, the tenon key 18 of the bottom precast block 13 is pressed into the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5 to a preset depth to form a tight extrusion fixing effect with surrounding foundation soil, and meanwhile, the foundation pit 4 is dug by adopting low-grade concrete or broken stone backfill foundation. After the foundation pit 4 is backfilled, the middle precast block 12 and the top precast block 11 are assembled to form a supporting part, and the protective sleeve 21 penetrates through the mounting holes 14 of the middle precast block 12 and the top precast block 11. After the assembly is finished, grouting is injected into the protective sleeve 21 to form a pouring body 22, and the pouring body 22 is poured into the protective sleeve 21 and overflows from the hole of the grouting pipe to be connected with the wall body precast block 1. The retaining part of gravity retaining wall 100 has improved the efficiency of construction through on-the-spot assembly wall body prefabricated section 1, connects adjacent wall body prefabricated section 1 through rib 2, has improved gravity retaining wall 100's structural strength. The tenon key 18 of the bottom precast block 13 is pressed into the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5 to a preset depth and forms a tight extrusion fixing effect with the surrounding foundation soil body, so that the soil pressure borne by the gravity type retaining wall 100 is effectively transferred to the foundation, and the stability of the foundation of the gravity type retaining wall 100 and the anti-overturning capability of the gravity type retaining wall 100 are improved. The construction method of the gravity type retaining wall provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of high construction efficiency, resource saving and high structural strength.

The following is a detailed description of the steps of the construction method of the gravity retaining wall according to the embodiment of the present application.

referring to fig. 1 to 10, the gravity retaining wall according to the embodiment of the present application includes a wall body precast block 1 and a reinforcing portion 2. At least two wall body precast blocks 1 are assembled to form a supporting part, the supporting part is positioned outside the side slope 5 and is at least partially pressed into the soil body of the side slope 5 so as to support and block the side slope 5; the reinforcement part 2 is arranged in the wall precast block 1 and connected with the adjacent wall precast block 1.

The wall block 1 is divided into a top block 11, a middle block 12 and a bottom block 13. The middle prefabricated blocks 12 are connected with each other through the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion to form a whole body between two adjacent middle prefabricated blocks 12 along the height direction of the side slope 5, and the top prefabricated block 11 and the bottom prefabricated block 13 are respectively connected with the top end and the bottom end of the middle prefabricated block 12 connected into a whole body to form a supporting portion of the gravity type retaining wall 100. The retaining part of the gravity type retaining wall 100 is formed by assembling the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 on site, a template for erecting the retaining part of the gravity type retaining wall 100 and curing for in-situ pouring are not needed, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction period, the template and other material consumption are saved. And connect adjacent wall body through rib 2 and prefabricate, strengthen gravity type retaining wall 100 structure, improved gravity type retaining wall 100's structural strength.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 9, the top prefabricated section 11 and the middle prefabricated section 12 each form at least one mounting hole 14 penetrating along the slope direction of the side slope 5; one end of the reinforcing part 2 is embedded in the bottom precast block 13, and the other end of the reinforcing part penetrates through the mounting holes 14 of the middle precast block 12 and the top precast block 11 to connect the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 to form a supporting and blocking part matched with the slope rate of the side slope 5. Reinforcing part 2 is pre-buried in bottom prefabricated section 13, has guaranteed structural strength and reinforcing part 2's anchor power. During installation, after the bottom prefabricated block 13 is fixed at a preset position, the middle prefabricated block 12 and the top prefabricated block 11 are sequentially aligned to the reinforcing part 2 through the installation hole 14, and the assembly of the supporting part of the gravity retaining wall 100 is completed. The reinforcement 2 is pre-embedded in the bottom prefabricated section 13 and plays a positioning role in assembling the middle prefabricated section 12 and the top prefabricated section 11. The reinforcement part 2 connects the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 into a whole through the mounting hole 14 to form a supporting and stopping part matched with the slope rate of the side slope 5, so that the shearing resistance of the gravity type retaining wall 100 is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 7, the top prefabricated section 11 and the middle prefabricated section 12 both form at least one mounting hole 14 penetrating along the slope direction of the side slope 5, and the bottom prefabricated section 13 forms at least one mounting hole 14 along the slope direction of the side slope 5; during installation, after bottom prefabricated block 13 is pressed into the foundation pit of the side slope through self-weight action or external force, middle prefabricated block 12 and top prefabricated block 11 are sequentially stacked on bottom prefabricated block 13, and mounting holes 14 of top prefabricated block 11, middle prefabricated block 12 and bottom prefabricated block 13 are sequentially aligned, reinforcing part 2 is inserted into mounting hole 14 after alignment, assembly of the supporting part of gravity type retaining wall 100 is completed by connecting top prefabricated block 11, middle prefabricated block 12 and bottom prefabricated block 13, and the supporting part matched with the slope 5 slope rate is formed. The reinforcing part 2 is uniformly inserted in the later stage, so that the prefabrication and the transportation of the wall body prefabricated block 1 are facilitated.

S2: excavating a foundation pit of the side slope;

clearing and leveling the field, excavating foundation soil to the bottom of the 100 foundation of the gravity type retaining wall, properly expanding 0.3m outside each of two sides of the foundation pit 4, and combining the soil quality to press 1: 0.5-1: 1, temporary slope relief is carried out.

in an embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 9, a hoisting hole 19 is formed at the top end of the wall precast block 1, and a hoisting rib is embedded in the wall precast block 1, and at least part of the hoisting rib is located in the hoisting hole 19. And (3) hoisting the bottom precast block 13 embedded with the protective sleeve 21 to a preset position. Through hoisting the muscle in order to hoist and shift wall body prefabricated section 1, the couple of being convenient for lifts by crane the assembly, and the hoist and mount muscle is located hoist and mount hole 19, and is easy to assemble, prevents to interfere. Wherein, the hoisting rib can be a U-shaped rib.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a reinforcing part 2 is arranged in a wall precast block 1, the reinforcing part 2 is connected with adjacent wall precast blocks 1 to form a supporting part in an assembling mode, and the supporting part is located on the outer side of a side slope 5 to support and block the side slope 5. The retaining part of the assembled gravity retaining wall 100 improves the construction efficiency by assembling the wall body precast block 1 on site, and the reinforcing part 2 is used for prefabricating the adjacent connected wall bodies, so that the structural strength of the gravity retaining wall 100 is improved. The bottom of the support part formed by assembling the wall body precast blocks 1 is pressed into the foundation pit 4 of the side slope 5, the soil pressure borne by the gravity type retaining wall 100 is effectively transmitted to the foundation, and the stability of the foundation of the gravity type retaining wall 100 and the anti-overturning capacity of the gravity type retaining wall 100 are improved. The assembled gravity retaining wall 100 provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantage of high structural strength.

S4: backfilling the foundation pit;

after the bottom of a supporting part formed by assembling the wall body precast blocks 1 is pressed into a foundation pit 4 of a side slope 5, the foundation pit 4 is excavated by backfilling a foundation with low-grade concrete or broken stones.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4 to 7, the mounting hole 14 is a vertical circular hole located at the center of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion and having the same inclination as the slope 5. The diameter of the protective sleeve 21 is smaller than the aperture of the mounting hole 14, and the diameter and the wall thickness of the protective sleeve 21 are determined by calculation according to the shearing resistance, the sufficient shearing resistance is provided for the gravity type retaining wall 100 by the aid of the shearing resistance of the protective sleeve 21, and the size of the mounting hole 14 can be determined by calculation and is generally 90 mm-150 mm.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 9, the boss 15 is a truncated pyramid, the shape of the groove 16 is matched with the truncated pyramid, and a gap is reserved between the boss 15 and the groove 16, so that the reinforcing part 2 connects the boss 15 and the groove 16. The occupied area of the boss 15 and the groove 16 is about one fifth of the surface of the wall body precast block 1, and in order to facilitate field assembly construction and guarantee successful field assembly, a gap is reserved between the boss 15 and the groove 16, the gap is 5 mm-10 mm, and the gap is reserved between the boss 15 and the groove 16, so that the installation is convenient.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 9, the wall precast block 1 has a width B, and the bottom surface of the rectangular frustum pyramid has a width (0.2 to 0.4) B along the width direction of the wall precast block 1; the length of the prefabricated wall block 1 along the length direction is (0.5-0.8) L; the height of the quadrangular frustum is 0.03-0.08 m; the slope of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 1: 1-1: 2.

s6: and grouting into the protective sleeve.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 8 to 9, one end of the protective casing 21 is embedded in the bottom precast block 13, and the other end forms a pouring opening and penetrates through the mounting holes 14 of the middle precast block 12 and the top precast block 11 to connect the top precast block 11, the middle precast block 12 and the bottom precast block 13 to form a supporting and blocking portion of the gravity type retaining wall 100, so as to improve the shear resistance of the gravity type retaining wall 100. The casting body 22 is poured in the protective sleeve 21 and overflows from the grouting pipe hole to be connected with the wall body precast block 1, the casting body 22 formed in the protective sleeve 21 further improves the shearing resistance of the gravity retaining wall 100, the wall body precast block 1 is tightly connected with the groove 16 into a whole through the protective sleeve 21 and the boss 15, the integral connection and the effective transmission of prefabricated parts are realized, and the requirements of good anti-sliding and anti-tilting stability of the gravity retaining wall 100 are met.

In one embodiment, the step of assembling the intermediate precast block 12 and the top precast block 11 to form the abutment includes: and (3) coating an adhesive on each contact surface of the adjacent wall body precast blocks 1, and arranging adhesive joints along the periphery of each contact surface of the wall body precast blocks 1. Every contact surface at adjacent wall prefabricated section 1 coats the adhesive, and upper wall prefabricated section 1 is connected through first connecting portion and second connecting portion with lower floor wall prefabricated section 1 to adhesive through the contact surface carries out solidification and connects, has improved joint strength and the structural reliability between wall prefabricated section 1. Specifically, the adhesive is an epoxy resin adhesive.

In one embodiment, waterproof paint is coated on four sides of one side of the wall body precast block 1 close to the side slope 5. Specifically, the waterproof coating is polyurethane waterproof coating, and the four sides of one side of the wall body prefabricated block 1 close to the side slope 5 are respectively brushed with the polyurethane waterproof coating with the width of 0.2 m.

The gravity retaining wall 100 is constructed in units according to expansion joints, the distance between the expansion joints is 10-30 m, and asphalt hemp bars or asphalt wood fiber plates are filled in the expansion joints.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the gravity retaining wall 100 is formed with an externally open green trough 8 on the side away from the side slope 5.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 3, the gravity retaining wall 100 is provided with a reverse filtering layer 7 at the rear. After the inverted filter layer 7 is arranged, the seepage water is taken away when flowing out, so that the soil in the side slope 5 can not be carried away, and the occurrence of piping and soil flow can be prevented. The inverted filter 7 is laid on the back of the gravity retaining wall 100 and adjacent to the gravity retaining wall 100. The wall body precast block 1 is assembled on site to form the gravity type retaining wall 100, which comprises the steps of hanging the first layer bottom precast block 13 and solidifying and connecting, arranging the first layer wall back refilter layer 7 and tamping soil, assembling the wall body precast block 1 layer by layer and solidifying and connecting, arranging the wall back refilter layer 7 layer by layer and tamping soil.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the prefabricated wall blocks 1 are stacked and connected in sequence from bottom to top, a reversed filter layer 7 with the height is arranged behind the prefabricated wall block 1, compacted filling is filled to a position 0.2-0.5 m below the top of the prefabricated wall block 1, the prefabricated wall blocks 1 of adjacent layers are spliced in a staggered mode to increase the engagement force, the reversed filter layer 7 and the compacted filling are arranged at the corresponding height and are spliced layer by layer until the top of the gravity retaining wall 100, mounting holes 14 reserved in the prefabricated top blocks 11 and the prefabricated middle blocks 12 are sleeved in protective sleeves 21 and are linearly communicated to the top of the gravity retaining wall 100, pressure grouting slurry is adopted in the protective sleeves 21 to permeate into gaps among the prefabricated wall blocks 1 to fill the gaps among the prefabricated wall blocks 1, grouting is carried out through the protective sleeves 21, bosses 15 and grooves 16 are occluded and tightly connected into a whole, and the prefabricated components are connected into a whole, so that the connection and the effective force transmission of the prefabricated components are realized, the requirement of the gravity retaining wall 100 for good stability against sliding and tilting is met.

The wall body precast block 1 is a concrete precast block, and the concrete precast block is used as a heavy component, so that the assembly is difficult, and a proper size form of the concrete precast block component needs to be obtained to realize the smooth assembly of the component. The joining of the precast concrete members is directly related to the strength and integrity of the assembled gravity retaining wall 100. By adopting the structural mode of the gravity retaining wall 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the structural mode has sufficient strength, and the soil pressure received by the gravity retaining wall 100 is effectively transmitted to the foundation, so that the stability of the foundation of the gravity retaining wall 100 and the anti-overturning capability of the gravity retaining wall 100 are improved.

As one of the most widely applied retaining structures in the geotechnical engineering field, the assembled gravity retaining wall 100 has simple process, is slightly interfered by external environmental factors, can greatly improve the construction efficiency, and obviously shortens the construction period, and the gravity retaining wall 100 realizes the assembly which meets the development trend of standardization, industrialization, mechanization and low consumption, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the quality of the retaining wall, reducing the labor intensity and labor cost, and realizing energy conservation, consumption reduction, low carbon and environmental protection.

The various embodiments/implementations provided herein may be combined with each other without contradiction.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A gravity retaining wall, comprising:

2. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 1 wherein the wall block is divided into:

3. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 2 wherein the top precast block and the intermediate precast block each define at least one mounting hole therethrough in the slope direction of the side slope;

4. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 3 wherein one of the first and second connecting portions is a boss and the other of the first and second connecting portions is a recess.

5. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcement comprises:

6. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 5, wherein said mounting holes are formed in said boss, said boss having at least one lateral grouting hole formed in a peripheral surface thereof, said grouting hole of said shield sleeve being disposed in correspondence with said lateral grouting hole.

7. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 5 wherein the shield sleeve is pre-embedded within the bottom block to a depth of 200mm or greater.

8. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 4, wherein the wall body precast block has a length L along the direction of extension of the side slope, wherein L is greater than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to 3 m; the height of the wall body precast block along the height direction of the side slope is H, wherein H is more than or equal to 0.3m and less than or equal to 0.8 m; the width of the wall body precast block is B, wherein B is more than or equal to 0.5m and less than or equal to 4 m.

9. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 8 wherein the boss is a rectangular frustum of a pyramid and the recess is shaped to fit the rectangular frustum of a pyramid, leaving a gap between the boss and the recess to allow the reinforcement to connect the boss and the recess.

10. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 9, wherein the width of the rectangular frustum bottom surface in the width direction of the wall block is (0.2 to 0.4) B; the length of the prefabricated wall block along the length direction is (0.5-0.8) L; the height of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 0.03-0.08 m; the slope of the quadrangular frustum pyramid is 1: 1-1: 2.

11. a gravity retaining wall according to claim 2 wherein the bottom precast block is formed with a tenon key at its bottom end through which the bottom precast block is pressed into the excavation.

12. A gravity retaining wall according to claim 11, wherein the tenon key is formed at the bottom end of the bottom block in a direction along the slope, and the height of the tenon key in the direction along the slope is 0.15m or more.

13. A gravity retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the wall sections of adjacent courses are staggered in the direction of the height of the slope.

14. A gravity retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein lifting holes are formed in the top ends of the wall precast blocks, lifting ribs are embedded in the wall precast blocks, and at least part of the lifting ribs are located in the lifting holes.

15. A construction method of a gravity retaining wall, characterized by comprising:

excavating a foundation pit of the side slope;

backfilling the foundation pit;

and grouting into the protective sleeve.

16. The construction method according to claim 15, wherein the step of excavating a foundation pit of the side slope comprises:

17. The construction method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the step of assembling the intermediate precast block and the top precast block to form a stopper comprises:

coating an adhesive on each contact surface of the adjacent wall body precast blocks, and arranging adhesive joints along the periphery of each contact surface of the wall body precast blocks; and/or

And painting waterproof paint on four sides of one side, close to one side of the side slope, of the wall body precast block.