CN113151722A - Diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material and selective laser melting forming method thereof - Google Patents
Diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material and selective laser melting forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113151722A CN113151722A CN202110285601.1A CN202110285601A CN113151722A CN 113151722 A CN113151722 A CN 113151722A CN 202110285601 A CN202110285601 A CN 202110285601A CN 113151722 A CN113151722 A CN 113151722A
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- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910003407 AlSi10Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000174 L-prolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]1([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1084—Alloys containing non-metals by mechanical alloying (blending, milling)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite and a laser selective melting forming method thereof, wherein the composite comprises diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, the volume content of the diamond is 5-60%, and the volume content of the metal matrix is 20-95%; the weight ratio of the additive to the diamond-metal based powder is 1-30: 200. The selective laser melting forming method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a raw material of a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite; s2, establishing a three-dimensional model and designing process parameters through software, and importing the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment; s3, putting the composite powder pretreated in the step S1 into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling protective gas, and performing SLM printing on the substrate; and S4, taking out the substrate formed in the step S3 to obtain the SLM forming piece made of the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material. The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite SLM forming piece disclosed by the invention is high in hardness and wear resistance, and can be used as a high-performance grinding tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing and manufacturing of diamond-reinforced metal-based composite materials, in particular to a diamond-reinforced metal-based composite material and a selective laser melting and forming method thereof.
Background
In recent years, researchers begin to research diamond/metal-based composite materials, and researches show that the diamond/metal-based composite materials combine the plasticity and toughness of metals, the hardness and wear resistance of the materials are improved by adding diamond particles, and the diamond/metal-based composite materials have great development potential.
At present, the conventional methods for preparing the diamond/metal matrix composite mainly comprise an infiltration method, a high-temperature and high-pressure sintering method, a discharge plasma sintering method (SPS) and the like, and a mature production system is already formed in industrialization. However, for manufacturing a diamond/metal matrix composite tool with irregular shape, miniaturization and complexity, a large amount of work is required, and the manufacturing process and cost are increased, which is a big bottleneck in the production of the diamond/metal matrix composite tool. When the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite printing piece is prepared by adopting additive manufacturing technologies such as SLM (selective laser melting) and the like, high-performance products are difficult to print due to poor wettability of diamond and a metal matrix, and the volume content of diamond is difficult to reach more than 5%.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite and a selective laser melting forming method thereof, and the SLM formed piece of the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite prepared by the method of the invention has the characteristics of high density, high hardness and high wear resistance.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the volume content of the diamond is 5-60%, and the volume content of the metal matrix is 20-95%; the weight ratio of the additive to the diamond-metal based powder is 1-30: 200.
Further, the metal matrix includes any one of an iron-based alloy, a copper-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy, and a titanium-based alloy.
Further, the additive is any one or combination of two of sodium chloride, sodium borate and boric acid.
The additives such as NaCl, sodium borate and boric acid are adopted in the invention, so that the wettability of the metal matrix and the diamond in the SLM printing process can be obviously improved, the volume content of the diamond in the whole diamond enhanced metal matrix composite material is obviously increased, and the additives such as NaCl, sodium borate and boric acid can be used as pore-forming agents in a printing finished product, so that the final printing product becomes an ideal diamond grinding tool. The invention also provides a selective laser melting and forming method of the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials of a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite, uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a planetary ball mill, and carrying out pretreatment such as drying on mixed composite powder;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional model and designing process parameters through software, and importing the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
s3, putting the composite powder pretreated in the step S1 into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling protective gas, and performing SLM printing on the substrate;
and S4, taking out the substrate formed in the step S3 to obtain the SLM forming piece made of the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material.
Further, in step S2, a three-dimensional model of the printed material is established by UG, Pro/E or other three-dimensional modeling software, and is output as a file in STL format; the technological parameters are set as 20W-1000W of laser power, 100mm/s-2000mm/s of scanning speed, 0.015mm-0.095mm of scanning interval and 0.01-0.08mm of powder layer thickness.
Further, in step S3, the composite powder is placed in the powder supply chamber of the selective laser melting forming device, argon or nitrogen is introduced into the forming chamber as a protective gas, and the powder is uniformly covered on the substrate by the powder spreading device.
Further, in the step S1, the mixing method includes dry mixing or wet mixing, and the wet mixing is performed by adding an organic solvent such as deionized water or n-heptane, and the solid-liquid mixing ratio is 1: 5.
Further, in step S1, the metal matrix includes any one of an iron-based alloy, a copper-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy, and a titanium-based alloy.
Further, in step S1, the additive is any one of sodium chloride, sodium borate, and boric acid, or a combination of two of them.
Further, in the step S1, the diamond particles have a particle size of 0.02 μm to 60 μm, and the metal-based powder has a particle size of 15 μm to 45 μm.
The invention combines the advantages of 3D printing and provides a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) forming preparation method of a diamond reinforced metal-based composite material and a tool thereof, additives such as NaCl, sodium borate and boric acid are added into material components, so that the wettability of a metal matrix to diamond can be obviously improved, the volume content of the diamond reaches 60%, the wear resistance of a printed piece is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the additives such as NaCl, sodium borate and boric acid are used as pore-forming agents, so that the printed piece becomes a diamond grinding tool with excellent performance, a new solution is brought to the manufacturing and production of the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material and the tool thereof, and an effective solution way is provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite SLM forming piece has high diamond content which can reach more than 60 percent;
2. the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite SLM forming piece disclosed by the invention is high in hardness and wear resistance, and can be used as a high-performance grinding tool.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the metal matrix is titanium alloy TC4, the additive is sodium chloride, the volume content of the diamond is 5%, the volume content of a titanium alloy TC4 matrix is 85%, and the weight ratio of NaCl to diamond-TC 4 powder is 5: 95.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material contains 5% by volume of diamond, 85% by volume of titanium alloy TC4 matrix and 10% of porosity (namely, additive volume content). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, TC4 powder and a NaCl additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of NaCl to the diamond-TC 4 powder is 5:95, the rotation number of the ball mill is set to be 125r/min, the ball milling time is 9h, and argon is filled in the ball milling process to serve as protective gas; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and D, taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Example 2
The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the metal matrix is titanium alloy TC4, the additive is boric acid, the volume content of the diamond is 60%, the volume content of a titanium alloy TC4 matrix is 30%, and the weight ratio of the boric acid to diamond-TC 4 powder is 4: 96.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material contains 60% of diamond by volume, 30% of titanium alloy TC4 matrix by volume and 10% of porosity (namely additive by volume). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, TC4 powder and a boric acid additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of boric acid to diamond-TC 4 powder is 4:96, adding absolute ethyl alcohol for wet mixing, setting the revolution of the ball mill to be 125r/min, the ball milling time to be 9h, and filling argon as a protective gas in the ball milling process; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and D, taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Example 3
The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the metal matrix is a 316 stainless steel matrix, the additive is boric acid, the volume content of the diamond is 60%, the volume content of the 316 stainless steel matrix is 30%, and the weight ratio of the boric acid to diamond-316 stainless steel powder is 3: 97.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material contains 60% by volume of diamond, 30% by volume of 316 stainless steel matrix and 10% of porosity (i.e., additive volume content). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, 316 stainless steel powder and a boric acid additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of boric acid to diamond-316 stainless steel powder is 3:97, adding deionized water for wet mixing, setting the revolution of the ball mill to be 125r/min, the ball milling time to be 9h, and filling argon as a protective gas in the ball milling process; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and D, taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Example 4
The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the metal matrix is AlSi10Mg, the additive is sodium borate, the volume content of the diamond is 30%, the volume content of AlSi10Mg is 50%, and the weight ratio of the sodium borate to diamond-ALSi 10Mg powder is 13: 87.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite had a diamond volume content of 30%, an AlSi10Mg volume content of 50%, and a porosity of 20% (i.e., additive volume content). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, the AlSi10Mg powder and the sodium borate additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium borate to the diamond-ALSi 10Mg powder is 13:87, adding deionized water for wet mixing, setting the revolution of the ball mill to be 125r/min, the ball milling time to be 9h, and filling argon as a protective gas in the ball milling process; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and D, taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Example 5
The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the metal matrix is AlSi10Mg, the additive is sodium borate, the volume content of the diamond is 30%, the volume content of AlSi10Mg is 30%, and the weight ratio of the sodium borate to diamond-ALSi 10Mg powder is 28: 72.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite had a diamond volume content of 30%, an AlSi10Mg volume content of 30%, and a porosity of 40% (i.e., additive volume content). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, the AlSi10Mg powder and the sodium borate additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium borate to the diamond-ALSi 10Mg powder is 28:72, adding deionized water for wet mixing, setting the revolution of the ball mill to be 125r/min, the ball milling time to be 9h, and filling argon as a protective gas in the ball milling process; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and E) taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Example 6
The diamond-reinforced metal-based composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal base and an additive, wherein the metal base is a Cu-Al alloy, the additive is sodium borate, the volume content of the diamond is 30%, the volume content of the Cu-Al alloy is 50%, and the weight ratio of the sodium borate to diamond-Cu-Al alloy powder is 6.3: 93.7.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material contains 30% of diamond by volume, 50% of Cu-Al alloy by volume and 20% of porosity (namely the additive by volume). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, the AlSi10Mg powder and the sodium borate additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium borate to the diamond-ALSi 10Mg powder is 6.3:93.7, adding deionized water for wet mixing, setting the revolution of the ball mill to be 125r/min, the ball milling time to be 9h, and filling argon as a protective gas in the ball milling process; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and E) taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Example 7
The diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the metal matrix is Ni, the additive is sodium borate, the volume content of the diamond is 30%, the volume content of a Cu-Al alloy is 50%, and the weight ratio of the sodium borate to diamond-Ni powder is 6.2: 93.8.
A selective laser melting forming method for a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A) selecting materials: the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material contains 30% by volume of diamond, 50% by volume of Ni and 20% of porosity (i.e., additive volume content). In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond, the Ni powder and the sodium borate additive by using a planetary ball mill, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium borate to the diamond-ALSi 10Mg powder is 6.2:93.8, adding deionized water for wet mixing, setting the revolution of the ball mill to be 125r/min, the ball milling time to be 9h, and filling argon as a protective gas in the ball milling process; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and E) taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) forming method of making a diamond enhanced metal matrix composite tool, without the addition of additives such as NaCl, sodium borate, boric acid, comprising the steps of:
A) selecting materials: the diamond volume content of the original design of the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material is 5%, and the volume content of the titanium alloy TC4 matrix is 95%. In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond and TC4 powder by using a planetary ball mill, wherein additives such as NaCl, sodium borate and boric acid are not adopted, the rotation number of the ball mill is set to be 125r/min, the ball milling time is set to be 9h, and argon is filled in the ball milling process to serve as protective gas; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and D, taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example provides a Selective Laser Melting (SLM) forming method of making a diamond enhanced metal matrix composite tool, without the addition of additives such as NaCl, sodium borate, boric acid, comprising the steps of:
A) selecting materials: the diamond volume content of the original design of the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material is 60%, and the volume content of the titanium alloy TC4 matrix is 40%. In the diamond reinforced metal-based composite material, the particle size of raw material diamond particles is 30-40 μm, and the particle size of metal-based powder is 15-45 μm.
B) Uniformly mixing the diamond and TC4 powder by using a planetary ball mill, wherein additives such as NaCl, sodium borate and boric acid are not adopted, the rotation number of the ball mill is set to be 125r/min, the ball milling time is set to be 9h, and argon is filled in the ball milling process to serve as protective gas; carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the mixed composite powder, setting the temperature to be 60 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to improve the fluidity of the composite powder;
C) establishing a three-dimensional model in an STL format through software, setting process parameters including laser power 195W, scanning speed of 1015mm/s, scanning interval of 0.04mm and powder layer thickness of 0.03mm, and guiding the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
D) b, placing the composite powder pretreated in the step B into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling argon as protective gas, controlling the concentration within 100ppm, and performing SLM forming operation on the substrate;
E) and D, taking out the substrate formed in the step D, and separating the substrate from the formed piece through plasma cutting to obtain the diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material SLM formed piece.
Test of Experimental Effect
The SLM molded articles prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to the density, hardness and abrasion resistance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of the properties of the shaped SLM parts produced in examples 1, 2 and 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2
As can be seen from the results of comparing the performances of the SLM formed parts prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2, compared with the SLM formed part made of the diamond-reinforced metal-based composite material without additives such as NaCl, sodium borate, boric acid, and the like, the SLM formed part made of the diamond-reinforced metal-based composite material prepared in the present invention, due to the additives such as NaCl, sodium borate, boric acid, and the like, significantly reduces the wetting angle between the metal matrix and the diamond, greatly increases the volume content of diamond in the SLM printed part, and the printed part maintains higher forming density, and the hardness is significantly increased.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the technical features not described in detail in the present invention can be implemented by any prior art in the field.
Claims (10)
1. A diamond reinforced metal matrix composite material is characterized by comprising diamond, a metal matrix and an additive, wherein the volume content of the diamond is 5-60%, and the volume content of the metal matrix is 20-95%; the weight ratio of the additive to the diamond-metal based powder is 1-30: 200.
2. The diamond reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the metal matrix comprises any one of an iron-based alloy, a copper-based alloy, an aluminum-based alloy, a nickel-based alloy, and a titanium-based alloy.
3. The diamond enhanced metal matrix composite according to claim 2, wherein the additive is any one of sodium chloride, sodium borate, boric acid or a combination of both.
4. A method of laser selective melt forming a diamond enhanced metal matrix composite according to any of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials of a diamond reinforced metal matrix composite, uniformly mixing the raw materials by using a planetary ball mill, and carrying out pretreatment such as drying on mixed composite powder;
s2, establishing a three-dimensional model and designing process parameters through software, and importing the output model and data files into selective laser melting forming equipment;
s3, putting the composite powder pretreated in the step S1 into selective laser melting forming equipment, filling protective gas, and performing SLM printing on the substrate;
and S4, taking out the substrate formed in the step S3 to obtain the SLM forming piece made of the diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite material.
5. The selective laser melting and forming method for diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 4, wherein in step S2, a three-dimensional model of a printed material is established and output as an STL format file; the technological parameters are set as 20W-1000W of laser power, 100mm/s-2000mm/s of scanning speed, 0.015mm-0.095mm of scanning interval and 0.01-0.08mm of powder layer thickness.
6. The selective laser melting and forming method for diamond-reinforced metal matrix composites according to claim 4, wherein in step S3, the composite powder is placed in the powder supply chamber of the selective laser melting and forming equipment, argon or nitrogen is introduced into the forming chamber as a protective gas, and the powder is uniformly coated on the substrate by the powder spreading device.
7. The laser selective melting forming method for diamond reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the mixing method comprises dry mixing or wet mixing, and the wet mixing is performed by adding deionized water or organic solvent, and the solid-liquid mixing ratio is 1: 5.
8. The laser selective melt forming method for diamond reinforced metal matrix composites according to claim 7, wherein said metal matrix comprises any one of iron based alloy, copper based alloy, aluminum based alloy, nickel based alloy, titanium based alloy in step S1.
9. The laser selective fusion forming method of diamond enhanced metal matrix composite according to claim 8, wherein in step S1, the additive is any one or a combination of two of sodium chloride, sodium borate and boric acid.
10. The laser selective fusion forming method of diamond-reinforced metal matrix composite according to claim 9, wherein in step S1, the diamond particle size is 0.02 μm to 60 μm and the metal matrix powder size is 15 μm to 45 μm.
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| CN115026289A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-09 | 华侨大学 | Manufacturing method and application of diamond porous grinding block based on 3D printing |
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| CN106825568A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of 3D printing manufacture method of metal matrix diamond composites and its parts |
| CN108213408A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique |
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| CN106825568A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of 3D printing manufacture method of metal matrix diamond composites and its parts |
| CN108213408A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-29 | 中南大学 | A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique |
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Application publication date: 20210723 |