CN113150831A - Protection device for ejector nozzle and use method - Google Patents

Protection device for ejector nozzle and use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113150831A
CN113150831A CN202110419591.6A CN202110419591A CN113150831A CN 113150831 A CN113150831 A CN 113150831A CN 202110419591 A CN202110419591 A CN 202110419591A CN 113150831 A CN113150831 A CN 113150831A
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jet
steam
nozzle
ejector
flow
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CN113150831B (en
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李争起
路跃
张鸣镝
刘晓英
陈智超
曾令艳
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
    • C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a protection device and a use method of an ejector nozzle, belongs to the field of ejector nozzle protection, aims to solve the problem that the ejector nozzle in an Ender gasifier continuously works in a high-temperature and corrosive environment for a long time, the invention is easy to damage the injector nozzle, which reduces the gasification efficiency of the gasification furnace, the jet steam pipeline is arranged on the injector, and the one end of efflux steam conduit and the outside work steam conduit intercommunication setting that is located the ejector, the other end of efflux steam conduit extend to in the ejector and with the suit set up with the ring-shaped pipe intercommunication on the Laval nozzle, the Laval nozzle is installed on the play vapour end that is located the inside work steam conduit of ejector, efflux steam conduit safety cover suit is on the ring-shaped pipe, one side that the ring-shaped pipe goes out the vapour end towards the Laval nozzle has a plurality of efflux atomizing hole along circumference equidistance processing. The invention is mainly used for effectively protecting the ejector nozzle and prolonging the service life of the nozzle.

Description

Protection device for ejector nozzle and use method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ejector nozzle protection, and particularly relates to a protection device of an ejector nozzle and a using method of the protection device.
Background
The coal gasification technology is a clean and efficient coal gasification technology. The current coal gasification technologies are mainly classified into moving bed gasification, fluidized bed gasification, entrained flow gasification and molten bed gasification. The Ender furnace is one of the most representative gasification furnaces of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, and has the advantages that: high stability, high gasification strength, low cost, strong cleaning ability, simple gas purification process, no generation of tar and phenols, small environmental pollution and the like, and the Ender furnace is commonly used in small and medium-sized chemical enterprises. At present, the Ende gasifier has the main problems that: (1) the pressure at the bottom of the gasification furnace is greater than the pressure in the feed back pipe. The gas in the gasification furnace is reversely connected in the feed back pipe, so that most fly ash particles can not smoothly return to the bottom of the gasification furnace from the feed back pipe, the particle reflux rate is reduced, the retention time of the fly ash particles in the furnace is shortened, and the gasification reaction is incomplete; (2) the circulating material enters the gasification furnace discontinuously, so that pressure fluctuation in the furnace is caused, the particles flow in the furnace unstably, and even the particles are blocked in the feed back pipe, so that the normal operation of the gasification furnace is influenced. Once the production line is stopped, the whole production line is completely stopped, and the whole production line is stopped once, so that huge economic losses are caused to enterprises. For example, a set gas production rate of 45000Nm3The one-time economic loss of the Ender gasification furnace production line stopping is more than 2000 ten thousand yuan. In order to solve the problems, the Harbin industry university provides a gas-solid ejector as a feed back control device of an Ender gasification furnace, so that the reflux rate and the stability of circulating particles are improved. (patent No. 201410219094.1) more fly ash particles are introduced into the gasifier for re-gasification, thereby reducing the fly ash combustible content. However, the ejector nozzle works continuously at high temperature (900-1000 ℃) and corrosivity (H) for a long time2S,CH4) In the environment of (2). After a period of operation (about 6 months) the following problems arise: (1) under the condition of ensuring that the pressure resistance provided by the ejector is unchanged, the working steam flow of the ejector is increased; (2) the flame in the furnace is deflected. (3) The temperature of the bottom of the hearth of the gasification furnace is reduced;(4) the content of effective synthetic gas components is reduced, and the ejector nozzle is also seriously damaged after being overhauled. Therefore, the protection device and the use method of the ejector nozzle are provided, so that the nozzle is prevented from being damaged at high temperature, and the gasification efficiency of the gasification furnace is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the injector nozzle in the Ender gasifier is easy to damage in a high-temperature and corrosive environment after continuously working for a long time, so that the gasification efficiency of the gasifier is reduced, and further provides a protection device and a use method of the injector nozzle;
a protection device for an ejector nozzle comprises a jet flow steam pipeline, a jet flow steam pipeline protection cover and an annular pipe;
the jet steam pipeline is arranged on the ejector, one end of the jet steam pipeline is communicated with a working steam pipeline positioned outside the ejector, the other end of the jet steam pipeline extends into the ejector and is communicated with an annular pipe sleeved on the Laval nozzle, the Laval nozzle is installed at the steam outlet end of the working steam pipeline positioned inside the ejector, a jet steam pipeline protective cover is sleeved on the annular pipe, and a plurality of jet atomization holes are machined in the annular pipe at equal intervals along the circumferential direction on one side, facing the steam outlet end of the Laval nozzle, of the annular pipe;
furthermore, a root valve is connected in series on the jet steam pipeline and is arranged close to the communication end of the jet steam pipeline and the working steam pipeline;
furthermore, a flow regulating valve is connected in series on the jet steam pipeline and is arranged between the root valve and the annular pipe;
furthermore, a flow meter is connected in series on the jet flow steam pipeline and is arranged between the flow regulating valve and the annular pipe;
further, a pressure gauge is connected in series on the jet flow steam pipeline and arranged between the flow gauge and the annular pipe;
further, a thermometer is connected in series on the jet flow steam pipeline, and the thermometer is arranged between the pressure gauge and the annular pipe;
furthermore, the root valve, the flow control valve, the flow meter, the pressure gauge and the thermometer are all arranged outside the ejector;
further, the central axis of the annular tube is arranged in line with the axis of the laval nozzle;
furthermore, the aperture of each jet flow atomization hole is 1.1-3.2 mm, and the hole distance between every two adjacent jet flow atomization holes is 3-9 mm;
furthermore, the deviation angle between the central line of the jet flow atomization hole and the central axis of a working steam pipeline arranged in the ejector is 0-8 degrees,
a method for using a protection device of an ejector nozzle is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of jet atomizing holes with the aperture of 1.1 mm-3.2 mm are processed on one side of the annular pipe along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the distance between every two adjacent jet atomizing holes is 3 mm-9 mm;
step two: sleeving the annular pipe with the plurality of jet atomizing holes machined in the step one on the Laval nozzle, wherein the position of the annular pipe on the Laval nozzle is L2/L1 which is 1/3-2/3, L1 is the distance from the initial contraction section of the Laval nozzle to the outlet section of the nozzle, and L2 is the distance from the plane where the plurality of jet atomizing holes are located to the outlet section of the nozzle;
step three: in the second step, a jet steam pipeline protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the annular pipe arranged on the Laval nozzle;
step four: a root valve, a flow control valve, a flow meter, a pressure gauge and a thermometer are sequentially and serially arranged on the jet steam pipeline from a steam inlet end to a steam outlet end;
step five: one end of a jet flow steam pipeline provided with a root valve, a flow control valve, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a thermometer in the fourth step is communicated with a working steam pipeline arranged outside the ejector, and the other end of the jet flow steam pipeline is communicated with the other side of an annular pipe arranged in the ejector;
step six: the steam working pipeline is used for providing steam, the steam enters the ejector along the working steam pipeline, the steam pressure in the working steam pipeline arranged outside the ejector is ensured to be 0.25 Mpa-0.6 Mpa, and the steam temperature is 285 ℃ to 420 ℃; controlling the on-off of the jet flow steam pipeline through a root valve, and adjusting the steam flow in the jet flow steam pipeline through a flow control valve to ensure that the flow of the jet flow steam in the jet flow steam pipeline is less than or equal to 5% of the water steam amount in the gasification agent of the gasification furnace;
further, the flow meter in the fourth step adopts an orifice plate flow meter, and the thermometer adopts a k-type thermocouple.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the protection device and the use method of the ejector nozzle provided by the invention solve the problem that the ejector nozzle is easy to damage when continuously working in a high-temperature and corrosive environment for a long time;
(1) the invention changes the pressure field and the velocity field near the nozzle
The working steam is accelerated by the Laval nozzle, the steam at the outlet of the nozzle reaches a higher velocity (1276m/s), and the velocity of the syngas stream in the region near the injector nozzle is at
Figure BDA0003027299850000031
In the meantime. According to the Bernoulli principle, the pressure of a flow field near the nozzle is smaller than that of a peripheral synthesis gas flow field, the generated pressure difference enables the flow direction of synthesis gas flow and solid particles to be changed, momentum exchange is generated between working steam and the synthesis gas flow, and due to the effect, a part of the synthesis gas flow and the solid particles move along with the working steam, the original flow field of the synthesis gas flow is changed, and entrainment is generated. The synthesis gas flow and the solid particles flow to the area near the nozzle under the entrainment action of the working steam, the synthesis gas carries the solid particles to continuously wash the outer wall surface of the nozzle, and the outer wall surface of the nozzle fails due to serious abrasion under the condition of not adding a protection measure. H in syngas2The S gas generates electrochemical corrosion to the outer wall surface of the nozzle under the condition of working steam (water vapor), and the S gas is not protected, so that the nozzle is resistant to corrosion but is subjected to H for a long time2Decay of S gasThe erosion reduces the smoothness of the outer wall surface of the nozzle, causing corrosive wear and failure of the nozzle.
After the method and the device are adopted, one path of steam is led out from the working steam pipeline to the jet steam pipeline, and annular steam jet is formed outside the nozzle through a circle of jet atomization holes with the aperture of 1.1-3.2 mm and the hole spacing of 3-9 mm on the circumference of the outer wall surface of the nozzle. The speed of jet steam is far less than the flow speed of working steam, so the pressure of the flow field on the outer wall surface of the nozzle is improved, the pressure difference with the synthesis gas on the periphery of the nozzle is greatly reduced, the pressure field near the nozzle is changed, and the flow of the synthesis gas and solid particles to the outer surface of the nozzle caused by the pressure difference is weakened. Meanwhile, because new mass flow enters the flow field on the outer surface of the nozzle, the jet steam is positioned between the outer wall surface of the nozzle and the synthesis gas flow and solid particles, thereby avoiding the washing of the synthesis gas flow and the solid particles on the outer wall surface of the nozzle and simultaneously preventing H in the synthesis gas flow2The S gas directly contacts with the outer wall surface of the nozzle, thereby preventing H2The S gas electrochemically corrodes the outer wall surface of the nozzle. In addition, the jet steam has certain momentum, so that the momentum of the synthesis gas flow which is generated by scouring the nozzle due to entrainment on the part of the periphery of the nozzle can be weakened, the momentum direction of the jet steam deviates to the periphery of the nozzle, the jet steam blocks the flow of the synthesis gas and solid particles to the nozzle, the velocity field of fluid near the nozzle is changed, and the scouring of the nozzle by the synthesis gas carrying the solid particles is prevented. According to the numerical simulation results (such as fig. 4 and 5), when the jet steam pressure is greater than or equal to 35kPa, the pressure in the area near the nozzle can be increased to be greater than the pressure in the peripheral synthesis gas flow field, and the synthesis gas flow and the solid particles can not be sucked to the area near the nozzle. The annular steam jet formed outside the nozzle prevents the syngas stream and solid particles from scouring the outer wall surface of the nozzle, and H in the syngas2S, corroding the outer wall surface of the nozzle by the gas;
(2) the invention reduces the temperature of the area near the outer wall surface of the nozzle to prevent the hardness of the nozzle from decreasing
Even if the nozzle contains high-temperature resistant materials, the Laval nozzle works in a high-temperature environment of about 900-1000 ℃ for a long time under the condition of not adding a protection measure, the surface hardness is reduced, the wear resistance is poor, and the outer wall surface of the nozzle is seriously worn and fails.
After the method and the device are adopted, the steam led out from the working steam pipeline to the jet steam pipeline passes through the steam jet (258-.
(3) The invention solves the problem of the precipitation of alpha-Cr phase in the nozzle material
The Laval nozzle material contains high Cr content (about 20%), when the Laval nozzle material works for a long time in a high-temperature environment (900-1000 ℃), alpha-Cr phase in the nozzle material is separated out, the Cr content is reduced to be far lower than that of a standard material, a nickel-based structure in the nozzle material is damaged, the hardness performance of the nozzle material is greatly reduced, and the outer wall surface of the nozzle is worn seriously by solid particles carried by synthesis gas flow to lose efficacy.
After the method and the device are adopted, steam led out from the working steam pipeline to the jet steam pipeline passes through the jet atomization holes to form steam jet with a lower temperature (420-285 ℃), and a lower temperature zone is formed on the outer wall surface of the nozzle. According to the numerical simulation result, fig. 5 is a temperature distribution diagram of the interior of the ejector when the jet steam pressure is 35kPa, the jet steam forms a lower temperature zone on the outer wall surface of the nozzle, and the temperature of the jet steam is about 657-747 ℃. At the temperature, the precipitation of alpha-Cr phase in the nozzle material is effectively solved, thereby preventing the failure of the nozzle.
2. The invention improves the effective gas components of the gasification furnace
As the diameter of the outlet of the nozzle is changed to 34mm (compared with the diameter of the existing outlet) after the nozzle is damaged, the mass flow of steam is greatly increased (from 929kg/h to 3300kg/h) under the condition that the working steam pressure is not changed, so that the quantity of the steam entering the gasifier is increased, and the temperature of the working steam (420-285 ℃) is lower than that of a hearth of the gasifierAnd at the lower part temperature, a large amount of working steam enters the hearth to absorb heat and raise the temperature, so that the temperature of the lower hearth is reduced. After the device and the method are used, the temperature of the lower part of the gasification furnace is increased by 20 ℃, and the temperature of the upper part of the gasification furnace is increased by 12 ℃. The content of CO in the effective gas component of the gasifier is increased from 31.4% to 32.57% relative to the condition of nozzle damage after the steam jet protection device is used, and H is increased2The content of the active gas is increased from 40 percent to 40.92 percent, and the content of the active gas is increased from 71.4 percent to 73.49 percent. In addition, compared with the damaged nozzle, the device and the method have the advantages that the working steam amount is greatly reduced, the jet steam amount only accounts for 0.79 percent of the water steam amount of the gasifying agent, and the influence on the gasification furnace is small.
3. The invention has wide adaptability range, adjusts the pressure and flow of the jet steam through the flow regulating valve on the steam pipeline, and can meet the protection requirements of Laval nozzles under different gasification furnace working loads.
4. The jet steam used is the steam led out from the working steam pipeline of the ejector, does not need an additional steam source, and does not influence the work of the original ejector. The jet steam can be used as a gasifying agent, and the normal operation of the gasification furnace is not influenced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 1 at a.
FIG. 3 is a view in the direction A-A of FIG. 1 at A
FIG. 4 is a cloud of velocity profiles of jet stream in the region near the nozzle at different jet stream pressures.
Fig. 5 is a graph of the gas flow velocity inside the ejector, respectively.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the temperature profile within the eductor at a jet stream vapor pressure of 35 kPa;
in the figure: the device comprises 1 valve, 2 flow control valves, 3 flow meters, 4 pressure meters, 5 thermometers, 6 jet steam pipelines, 7 jet steam pipeline protective covers, 8 Laval nozzles, 9 jet atomization holes, 10 working steam pipelines, 11 ejectors and 12 annular pipes.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and provides a protection device for an ejector nozzle, which includes a jet steam pipe 6, a jet steam pipe protection cover 7, and an annular pipe 12;
jet steam pipeline 6 sets up on ejector 11, and jet steam pipeline 6's one end and the outside work steam line 10 intercommunication setting that is located ejector 11, jet steam pipeline 6's the other end extend to ejector 11 in and with suit the setting of the 12 intercommunications of ring canals on Laval nozzle 8, Laval nozzle 8 is installed on the play steam end that is located ejector 11 inside work steam line 10, 7 suits of jet steam line safety cover are on ring canals 12, ring canals 12 has a plurality of efflux atomizing hole 9 towards one side that Laval nozzle 8 goes out the steam end along circumference equidistance processing.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet steam pipe 6 described in the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, a root valve 1 is connected in series to the jet steam pipe 6, and the root valve 1 is provided near a communication end between the jet steam pipe 6 and the working steam pipe 10. Other components and connection modes are the same as those of the first embodiment.
So set up, through root valve 1 division control efflux steam conduit 6 break-make.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet steam duct 6 according to the second embodiment, and in the present embodiment, the flow rate control valve 2 is connected in series to the jet steam duct 6, and the flow rate control valve 2 is provided between the root valve 1 and the annular pipe 12. The other components and the connection mode are the same as those of the second embodiment.
So arranged, the flow and pressure of the steam in the jet steam pipeline 6 are adjusted by the flow adjusting valve 2.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet steam duct 6 according to the third embodiment, in which a flow meter 3 is connected in series to the jet steam duct 6, and the flow meter 3 is provided between the flow rate control valve 2 and the annular pipe 12. Other components and connection modes are the same as those of the third embodiment.
So set up, be convenient for accurately know the flow of efflux steam pipe 6 interior steam through flowmeter 3, according to actual flow and the deviation of predetermineeing the flow value, adjust flow control valve 2's operating condition.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet steam pipe 6 according to the fourth embodiment, and in the present embodiment, a pressure gauge 4 is connected in series to the jet steam pipe 6, and the pressure gauge 4 is provided between the flow meter 3 and the annular pipe 12. The other components and the connection mode are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
So set up, be convenient for accurately know the pressure value of efflux steam pipe 6 interior steam through pressure gauge 4, according to the deviation of the critical pressure value of actual pressure value and device, adjust flow control valve 2's operating condition.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet steam pipe 6 according to the fifth embodiment, in which the jet steam pipe 6 is connected in series with a thermometer 5, and the thermometer 5 is provided between the pressure gauge 4 and the annular pipe 12. The other components and the connection mode are the same as the fifth embodiment mode.
So arranged, it is convenient to observe the temperature of the steam passing through the jet steam pipe 6.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and is further limited to the root valve 1, the flow control valve 2, the flow meter 3, the pressure gauge 4, and the temperature gauge 5 described in the sixth embodiment, and in the present embodiment, the root valve 1, the flow control valve 2, the flow meter 3, the pressure gauge 4, and the temperature gauge 5 are all provided outside the ejector 11. The other components and the connection mode are the same as the fifth embodiment mode.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet atomizing holes 9 described in the seventh embodiment, and in the present embodiment, the central axis of the annular pipe 12 is arranged in line with the axis of the laval nozzle 8. The other components and the connection mode are the same as the fifth embodiment mode.
In this embodiment, a jet steam pipe protective cover 7 is provided on the outer surface of the annular pipe 12 to protect the jet steam pipe and the annular pipe 12.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment further defines the jet atomizing holes 9 according to the eighth embodiment, in which the diameter of the jet atomizing holes 9 is 1.1mm to 3.2mm, and the hole pitch between two adjacent jet atomizing holes 9 is 3mm to 9 mm. The other components and the connection mode are the same as the fifth embodiment mode.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment is described, and the present embodiment further defines the jet atomizing hole 9 according to the ninth embodiment, and in the present embodiment, an offset angle between a center line of the jet atomizing hole 9 and a center line of the working steam pipe 10 provided in the ejector 11 is 0 to 8 °. The other components and the connection mode are the same as the fifth embodiment mode.
So set up, prevent that the efflux steam that passes through the efflux atomizing hole from hitting on the nozzle outer wall face because of having the spread angle of 15.
The concrete implementation mode eleven: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and provides a method for using a protection device for an injector nozzle, which is implemented by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of jet atomizing holes 9 with the aperture of 1.1 mm-3.2 mm are processed on one side of the annular pipe 12 along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the distance between two adjacent jet atomizing holes 9 is 3 mm-9 mm;
step two: sleeving the annular pipe 12 with the plurality of jet atomizing holes 9 machined in the step one on the Laval nozzle 8 in a sleeving manner, wherein the position of the annular pipe 12 on the Laval nozzle 8 is L2/L1 which is 1/3-2/3, L1 is the distance from the initial contraction section of the Laval nozzle 8 to the outlet section of the nozzle, and L2 is the distance from the plane where the plurality of jet atomizing holes 9 are located to the outlet section of the nozzle;
step three: in the second step, a jet steam pipeline protective cover 7 is arranged on the outer side of the annular pipe 12 arranged on the Laval nozzle 8;
step four: a root valve 1, a flow control valve 2, a flow meter 3, a pressure gauge 4 and a thermometer 5 are sequentially and serially arranged on the jet steam pipeline 6 from a steam inlet end to a steam outlet end;
step five: one end of a jet flow steam pipeline 6 provided with a root valve 1, a flow control valve 2, a flow meter 3, a pressure meter 4 and a thermometer 5 in the fourth step is communicated with a working steam pipeline 10 arranged outside an ejector 11, and the other end of the jet flow steam pipeline 6 is communicated with the other side of an annular pipe 12 arranged in the ejector 11;
step six: the steam working pipeline 10 is used for providing steam, the steam enters the ejector 11 along the working steam pipeline 10, the steam pressure in the working steam pipeline 10 arranged outside the ejector 11 is ensured to be 0.25 Mpa-0.6 Mpa, and the steam temperature is 285-420 ℃; the on-off of the jet flow steam pipeline 6 is controlled through the root valve 1, the steam flow in the jet flow steam pipeline 6 is adjusted through the flow control valve 2, and the flow of the jet flow steam in the jet flow steam pipeline 6 is ensured to be less than or equal to 5% of the water steam amount in the gasification agent of the gasification furnace.
The specific implementation mode twelve: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and is further limited to step four described in the eleventh embodiment, in which the flow meter 3 in step four is an orifice plate flow meter, and the thermometer 5 is a k-type thermocouple. The other components and the connection mode are the same as the fifth embodiment mode.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make many modifications and equivalent variations by using the above-described structures and technical contents without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Principle of operation
According to the jet flow steam device, two ends of a jet flow steam pipeline 6 are respectively connected with a working steam pipeline 10 and an ejector 11, the jet flow steam pipeline 6 is led in from the working steam pipeline 10 and is sequentially provided with a root valve 1, a flow control valve 2, a flowmeter 3, a pressure gauge 4 and a thermometer 5, the other end of the jet flow steam pipeline enters the ejector and is connected with an annular coil pipe outside a nozzle of the ejector, a plurality of jet flow atomization holes 9 are formed in the annular pipeline, the diameter of each small hole is 1.1-3.2 mm, and a protective cover is arranged outside the annular coil pipe. The steam with lower temperature (285-420 ℃) is led out from the working steam pipeline 10 to the jet steam pipeline 6, and enters the annular pipeline at the outer side of the Laval nozzle 8 after passing through the root valve 1, the flow regulating valve 2, the flowmeter 3, the pressure gauge 4 and the thermometer 5 in sequence, and the steam jet is formed on the outer wall surface of the nozzle through the plurality of jet atomization holes 9. The flow and pressure of the jet steam can be adjusted through the flow control valve 2, and the continuous washing of the nozzle by the synthesis gas flow and the solid particles under the entrainment action of the working steam flow can be avoided under the protection of the steam jet. The low-temperature steam jet (285-420 ℃) formed by the jet atomization holes can form a low-temperature zone on the outer wall surface of the nozzle, so that the temperature of the outer wall surface of the nozzle is effectively reduced, and the alpha-Cr phase in the nozzle material can be effectively prevented from being separated out at high temperature.
Example (b):
the invention has been described at 45000Nm3The application of the/h Ende gasifier.
Before the invention is adopted, the following problems occur after the ejector nozzle operates for a period of time (about 6 months): (1) under the condition of ensuring that the pressure resistance provided by the ejector is unchanged, the working steam flow of the ejector is increased; (2) the flame in the furnace is deflected; (3) the temperature of the bottom of the hearth of the gasification furnace is reduced by about 20 ℃; (4) the effective gas content is reduced from 73.49% to 71.4%, the ejector nozzle is seriously damaged after the inspection, and the diameter of the outlet is enlarged to 34 mm.
The device is arranged on an ejector nozzle in the existing gasifier, wherein a root valve 1, a flow control valve 2, a flowmeter 3, a pressure gauge 4 and a thermometer 5 are sequentially arranged from a steam inlet end to a steam outlet end of a jet steam pipeline 6, the position of an annular pipe 12 on a Laval nozzle 8 is L2/L1 ═ 1/3, the aperture of a jet atomizing hole 9 in the annular pipe 12 is 2mm, the distance between two adjacent jet atomizing holes 9 is 6.7mm, the steam temperature in the jet steam pipeline 6 is 375 ℃, the steam pressure is 0.5Mpa, and the flow of jet steam in the jet steam pipeline 6 is 3.6% of the water vapor amount in a gasification agent of the gasifier;
after the invention is adopted, the formed jet steam effectively protects the nozzle, the working steam amount is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the jet steam amount only accounts for 0.79 percent of the water steam amount of the gasification agent, and the influence on the temperature in the gasification furnace is small. Compared with the nozzle damage, the temperature of the bottom of the hearth is increased by 20 ℃, and the temperature of the upper part of the hearth is increased by 12 ℃. The temperature of the hearth is increased, so that the content of CO in the effective synthesis gas component is increased from 31.4% to 32.57%; h2The content of the active gas is increased from 40% to 40.92%, and the content of the active gas is increased from 71.4% to 73.49%.

Claims (12)

1. The utility model provides a protection device of ejector nozzle which characterized in that: the protection device of the ejector nozzle comprises a jet flow steam pipeline (6), a jet flow steam pipeline protection cover (7) and an annular pipe (12);
jet steam pipeline (6) set up on ejector (11), and the one end of jet steam pipeline (6) with be located ejector (11) outside work steam pipeline (10) intercommunication setting, the other end of jet steam pipeline (6) extend to in ejector (11) and with suit ring channel (12) intercommunication setting on Laval nozzle (8), Laval nozzle (8) are installed on the play steam end that is located ejector (11) inside work steam pipeline (10), jet steam pipeline safety cover (7) suit is on ring channel (12), one side that ring channel (12) were gone out steam end towards Laval nozzle (8) is processed along circumference equidistance and is had a plurality of jet atomization hole (9).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a valve (1) is connected in series on the jet steam pipeline (6), and the valve (1) is arranged close to the communication end of the jet steam pipeline (6) and the working steam pipeline (10).
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the jet steam pipeline (6) is connected with a flow regulating valve (2) in series, and the flow regulating valve (2) is arranged between the root valve (1) and the annular pipe (12).
4. A protector for an injector nozzle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and the jet steam pipeline (6) is connected with a flow meter (3) in series, and the flow meter (3) is arranged between the flow regulating valve (2) and the annular pipe (12).
5. The protection device for the injector nozzle according to claim 4, wherein: the jet steam pipeline (6) is connected with a pressure gauge (4) in series, and the pressure gauge (4) is arranged between the flowmeter (3) and the annular pipe (12).
6. The protection device for the injector nozzle according to claim 5, wherein: the jet steam pipeline (6) is connected with a thermometer (5) in series, and the thermometer (5) is arranged between the pressure gauge (4) and the annular pipe (12).
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the root valve (1), the flow control valve (2), the flowmeter (3), the pressure gauge (4) and the thermometer (5) are all arranged outside the ejector (11).
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the central axis of the annular pipe (12) is arranged in line with the axis of the Laval nozzle (8).
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the aperture of each jet flow atomization hole (9) is 1.1-3.2 mm, and the hole distance between every two adjacent jet flow atomization holes (9) is 3-9 mm.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the deviation angle between the central line of the jet atomization hole (9) and the central axis of the working steam pipeline (10) arranged in the ejector (11) is 0-8 degrees.
11. A method of using the injector nozzle protector of claim 10, wherein: the method is realized by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of jet atomizing holes (9) with the aperture of 1.1 mm-3.2 mm are processed on one side of the annular pipe (12) along the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the distance between two adjacent jet atomizing holes (9) is 3 mm-9 mm;
step two: sleeving the annular pipe (12) with the plurality of jet atomizing holes (9) machined in the step one on the Laval nozzle (8), wherein the position of the annular pipe (12) on the Laval nozzle (8) is L2/L1 which is 1/3-2/3, L1 is the distance from the initial contraction section of the Laval nozzle (8) to the outlet section of the nozzle, and L2 is the distance from the plane where the plurality of jet atomizing holes (9) are located to the outlet section of the nozzle;
step three: in the second step, a jet steam pipeline protective cover (7) is arranged on the outer side of the annular pipe (12) arranged on the Laval nozzle (8);
step four: a root valve (1), a flow control valve (2), a flow meter (3), a pressure gauge (4) and a thermometer (5) are sequentially and serially arranged on the jet steam pipeline (6) from a steam inlet end to a steam outlet end;
step five: one end of a jet flow steam pipeline (6) provided with a root valve (1), a flow control valve (2), a flowmeter (3), a pressure gauge (4) and a thermometer (5) in the fourth step is communicated with a working steam pipeline (10) arranged outside an ejector (11), and the other end of the jet flow steam pipeline (6) is communicated with the other side of an annular pipe (12) arranged in the ejector (11);
step six: steam is provided by the steam working pipeline (10) and enters the ejector (11) along the steam working pipeline (10), and the steam pressure in the working steam pipeline (10) arranged outside the ejector (11) is ensured to be 0.25-0.6 Mpa, and the steam temperature is 285-420 ℃; the on-off of the jet flow steam pipeline (6) is controlled through the root valve (1), the steam flow in the jet flow steam pipeline (6) is adjusted through the flow control valve (2), and the flow of the jet flow steam in the jet flow steam pipeline (6) is ensured to be less than or equal to 5% of the water steam amount in the gasification agent of the gasification furnace.
12. The method of using an injector nozzle protector according to claim 11 wherein: and in the fourth step, the flowmeter (3) adopts a pore plate flowmeter, and the thermometer (5) adopts a k-type thermocouple.
CN202110419591.6A 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Protection device for ejector nozzle and use method Active CN113150831B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1039646A (en) * 1988-06-16 1990-02-14 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Nozzle fo solid fuel containing carbon partly burning
WO2001085873A2 (en) * 2000-05-05 2001-11-15 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Feed nozzle for gasification reactor for halogenated materials
CN102829002A (en) * 2012-08-27 2012-12-19 中国航天科技集团公司第四研究院四0一所 Small-size annular nozzle ejector with exchangeable throat part
CN103805289A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-21 杜建吉 High-efficiency ignition burner of dry pulverized coal fluidized-bed gasifier
CN105985808A (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-10-05 神华集团有限责任公司 Gasification nozzle and gasification furnace
CN107460008A (en) * 2017-08-21 2017-12-12 河南心连心化肥有限公司 One kind protection gasification process burner arrangement and guard method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1039646A (en) * 1988-06-16 1990-02-14 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Nozzle fo solid fuel containing carbon partly burning
WO2001085873A2 (en) * 2000-05-05 2001-11-15 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Feed nozzle for gasification reactor for halogenated materials
CN102829002A (en) * 2012-08-27 2012-12-19 中国航天科技集团公司第四研究院四0一所 Small-size annular nozzle ejector with exchangeable throat part
CN103805289A (en) * 2014-03-13 2014-05-21 杜建吉 High-efficiency ignition burner of dry pulverized coal fluidized-bed gasifier
CN105985808A (en) * 2015-01-30 2016-10-05 神华集团有限责任公司 Gasification nozzle and gasification furnace
CN107460008A (en) * 2017-08-21 2017-12-12 河南心连心化肥有限公司 One kind protection gasification process burner arrangement and guard method

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