CN113149703B - Neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113149703B CN113149703B CN202110590343.8A CN202110590343A CN113149703B CN 113149703 B CN113149703 B CN 113149703B CN 202110590343 A CN202110590343 A CN 202110590343A CN 113149703 B CN113149703 B CN 113149703B
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- gypsum board
- solid waste
- porous solid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
- C04B2111/00775—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes the composition being used as waste barriers or the like, e.g. compositions used for waste disposal purposes only, but not containing the waste itself
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to a neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board, which contains 19-55% of packaging type porous solid waste by mass, wherein 0.2-0.7% of boric acid solution is absorbed in the packaging type porous solid waste, and is packaged by 0.5-1% of boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate. The neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board has good slowing and absorption effects on neutrons, is high in waste utilization rate, green and environment-friendly, light in weight, strong in functionality, and capable of meeting the requirements of GBT23451-2009 light partition slat standard for buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a light gypsum board capable of preventing neutron radiation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the development and utilization of new energy sources, nuclear energy is the field of key development in China, shielding protection of nuclear power station equipment, medical equipment and military equipment is concerned, and particularly after a leakage accident of a Japanese Fudao nuclear power station occurs, people pay more attention to the safety problem of nuclear radiation.
Neutron radiation occurs when the nuclei reach stability by reduction of one mass unit and can result from spontaneous or induced nuclear fission, fusion, or other nuclear reactions. The neutron radiation is composed of free neutrons, when interacting with substances, the neutron radiation mainly interacts with nuclear force in atomic nuclei, and the neutrons have strong penetrating power when passing through the substances, so that the hazard generated to a human body is more serious than that of X rays and gamma rays of statistical magnitude, and therefore, the neutron radiation has important significance for the research of neutron radiation protection building materials.
The gypsum board is a common building material, and no report of light gypsum board for preventing neutron radiation exists at present. How to reduce the density and weight of the gypsum board and make the gypsum board have the functions of slowing down and absorbing neutron radiation while ensuring that the gypsum board meets the specification is the problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a light gypsum board for preventing neutron radiation and a preparation method thereof.
The scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the light gypsum board for preventing neutron radiation comprises 19-55% of packaging type porous solid waste by mass, wherein a boric acid solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.7% is absorbed in the packaging type porous solid waste, and is packaged by polymethyl methacrylate with the boron content of 0.5-1%.
Preferably, the packaging type porous solid waste is one or more of waste aerated building blocks, waste bricks and waste foam concrete, and the particle size of the particles is 1-5 mm.
Preferably, the packaging type porous solid waste is prepared by mixing particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm and particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm according to the weight ratio of 1: 2-1: 1 and mixing.
Preferably, the boron element in the polymethyl methacrylate exists in the form of boron-containing nano particles, such as wet-milled boron slag, boron mud and paigeite with the particle size of 0.5-1 μm, or commercially available chemically synthesized nano boron nitride and nano boron carbide with the particle size of less than 1 μm.
Preferably, the packaging method of the boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate for packaging type porous solid waste comprises the following steps: adding a methylbenzene solution containing boron polymethyl methacrylate into a container, soaking the porous solid waste adsorbing the boric acid solution, taking out the porous solid waste, standing the porous solid waste, and volatilizing methylbenzene to obtain the packaging type porous solid waste.
Preferably, the gypsum board comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
preferably, the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining phosphogypsum at 107-170 ℃ for 2-3 hours, wherein the rupture strength in 2 hours is more than or equal to 1.6MPa, and the compressive strength in 2 hours is more than or equal to 3.0 MPa.
Preferably, the retarder is one or more of protein retarder, sodium polyphosphate and citric acid.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is one or more of acetone-sodium sulfite-formaldehyde aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent, industrial naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent, phenol-sodium aminobenzenesulfonate high-efficiency water reducing agent and acrylic acid-polyethylene glycol ether polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) weighing the raw materials according to the mixing ratio for later use;
2) adding the phosphorus building gypsum into a stirrer, adding water, adding the packaging type porous solid waste while stirring, sequentially adding a retarder and a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring;
3) injecting the obtained uniform slurry into a forming die for forming;
4) and curing for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 75%, and then removing the mold and naturally drying to obtain the neutron radiation-proof lightweight gypsum board.
The main component of the gypsum board is calcium sulfate dihydrate, and two bound waters can play a certain slowing-down role on neutrons; the porous building solid waste is added into the gypsum board, so that the gypsum board plays a role in light weight, and the boric acid solution is adsorbed in the porous building solid waste and is packaged by boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate, so that moderated slow neutrons can be absorbed. And when the gypsum board is exposed in a radiation environment for a long time, the dihydrate gypsum is dehydrated, and the mechanical strength and partial working performance are lost, the boric acid solution in the porous building solid waste can play a role in supplementing water and regulating humidity.
The invention takes the phosphogypsum and the porous building solid waste as raw materials, opens up a new way for the comprehensive utilization of the solid waste, is green and environment-friendly, and improves the utilization rate of the solid waste; selecting porous building solid wastes as light aggregates, realizing the lightweight design of the gypsum board, simultaneously adopting two particle size codoping, adjusting the internal particle composition and optimizing the internal structure of the material; the boric acid solution is adsorbed in the porous building solid waste, and the boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate is used for packaging, so that boron is used for absorbing moderated slow neutron radiation, and moisture can be supplemented to the gypsum board in a radiation environment for a long time, and the effects of humidifying and reinforcing are achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the light gypsum board for preventing neutron radiation, prepared by the invention, is lighter than a common gypsum board in weight, and has the functional effects of humidifying and preventing neutron radiation.
(2) The neutron radiation-proof light gypsum board prepared by the method has high utilization rate of raw materials, the main raw materials are all obtained from solid wastes, and the utilization rate is over 90 percent.
(3) The neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board prepared by the invention has good stability and strong functionality, and all the performances meet the requirements of GBT23451-2009 Standard for light partition wall battens for buildings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to various embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining phosphogypsum at 107 ℃ for 2 hours, and has the rupture strength of 2.3MPa in 2 hours and the compression strength of 4.7MPa in 2 hours.
The packaging type porous solid waste is a waste aerated building block, wherein the particle size of 1-3 mm and 3-5 mm is 1: 2 and mixing.
The packaging type porous solid waste adsorbs 0.2% boric acid solution under vacuum condition, and then is packaged by polymethyl methacrylate containing 0.5% boron.
The polymethyl methacrylate contains boron in the form of boron nanoparticles, such as wet-milled boron slag, boron mud and paigeite with the particle size of 0.5-1 μm, or commercially available chemically synthesized nano boron nitride and nano boron carbide with the particle size of less than 1 μm.
The packaging method of the boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate for packaging type porous solid wastes comprises the following steps: adding a methylbenzene solution containing boron polymethyl methacrylate into a container, soaking the porous solid waste adsorbing the boric acid solution, taking out the porous solid waste, standing the porous solid waste, and volatilizing methylbenzene to obtain the packaging type porous solid waste.
The retarder is a bone glue protein retarder.
The water reducing agent is acetone-sodium sulfite-formaldehyde aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) weighing raw materials according to a mixing ratio for later use;
2) adding phosphorus building gypsum into a stirrer, adding water according to the water-paste ratio of 0.4, slowly stirring for 2min, slowly adding the packaging porous solid waste in the stirring process, sequentially adding a retarder and a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring;
3) injecting the obtained uniform slurry into a forming die for forming;
4) and curing for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 75%, and then removing the mold and naturally drying to obtain the neutron radiation-proof lightweight gypsum board.
The neutron radiation preventing light gypsum board prepared by the embodiment has good appearance quality, no crack and no frost, and all the performances meet the requirements of GBT23451-2009 Standard for light partition wall batten for building on impact resistance, compressive strength, water content and the like. After 6 times of impact resistance tests, the surface of the material has no cracks, the compressive strength is 5.1MPa, the water content is 9.4 percent, and the neutron shielding rate is 62 percent.
Example 2:
a light gypsum board for preventing neutron radiation and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, and the light gypsum board comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining phosphogypsum at 150 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and has the rupture strength of 2.8MPa for 2 hours and the compressive strength of 5.1MPa for 2 hours.
The packaging type porous solid waste is waste aerated building blocks and waste foam concrete, wherein the particle size of 1-3 mm and 3-5 mm are 1: 1.5 mixing.
The packaging type porous solid waste adsorbs 0.4% boric acid solution under vacuum condition, and then is packaged by 0.7% boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate.
The polymethyl methacrylate contains boron in the form of boron nanoparticles, such as wet-milled boron slag, boron mud and paigeite with the particle size of 0.5-1 μm, or commercially available chemically synthesized nano boron nitride and nano boron carbide with the particle size of less than 1 μm.
The packaging method of the boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate for packaging type porous solid wastes comprises the following steps: adding a methylbenzene solution containing boron polymethyl methacrylate into a container, soaking the porous solid waste adsorbing the boric acid solution, taking out the porous solid waste, standing the porous solid waste, and volatilizing methylbenzene to obtain the packaging type porous solid waste.
The retarder is a bone glue protein retarder and sodium polyphosphate.
The water reducing agent is an industrial naphthalene-series high-efficiency water reducing agent and a phenol-sodium aminobenzenesulfonate high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) weighing raw materials according to a mixing ratio for later use;
2) adding phosphorus building gypsum into a stirrer, adding water according to the water-paste ratio of 0.4, slowly stirring for 2min, slowly adding the packaging porous solid waste in the stirring process, sequentially adding a retarder and a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring;
3) injecting the obtained uniform slurry into a forming die for forming;
4) and curing for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 75%, and then removing the mold and naturally drying to obtain the neutron radiation-proof lightweight gypsum board.
The neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board prepared by the embodiment has good appearance quality, no crack and no frost, and all the performances meet the requirements of GBT23451-2009 Standard for light partition wall battens for buildings on impact resistance, compressive strength, water content and the like. After 6 times of impact resistance tests, the surface of the material has no cracks, the compressive strength is 5.6MPa, the water content is 8.7 percent, and the neutron shielding rate is 67 percent.
Example 3:
a light gypsum board for preventing neutron radiation and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, and the light gypsum board comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
the phosphorus building gypsum is obtained by calcining phosphogypsum at 170 ℃ for 3 hours, and has the rupture strength of 3.5MPa in 2 hours and the compression strength of 5.8MPa in 2 hours.
The packaging type porous solid waste is waste bricks and waste foam concrete, wherein the particle size of the particles is 1-3 mm and 3-5 mm, and the weight ratio of the two types of particles is 1: 1 and mixing.
The packaging type porous solid waste adsorbs 0.7% boric acid solution under vacuum condition, and then is packaged by polymethyl methacrylate containing 1% boron.
The polymethyl methacrylate contains boron in the form of boron nanoparticles, such as wet-milled boron slag, boron mud and paigeite with the particle size of 0.5-1 μm, or commercially available chemically synthesized nano boron nitride and nano boron carbide with the particle size of less than 1 μm.
The packaging method of the boron-containing polymethyl methacrylate for packaging type porous solid wastes comprises the following steps: adding a methylbenzene solution containing boron polymethyl methacrylate into a container, soaking the porous solid waste adsorbing the boric acid solution, taking out the porous solid waste, standing the porous solid waste, and volatilizing methylbenzene to obtain the packaging type porous solid waste.
The retarder is sodium polyphosphate and citric acid.
The water reducing agent is acetone-sodium sulfite-formaldehyde aliphatic high-efficiency water reducing agent and acrylic acid-polyethylene glycol ether polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) weighing raw materials according to a mixing ratio for later use;
2) adding phosphorus building gypsum into a stirrer, adding water according to the water-paste ratio of 0.4, slowly stirring for 2min, slowly adding the packaging porous solid waste in the stirring process, sequentially adding a retarder and a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring;
3) injecting the obtained uniform slurry into a forming die for forming;
4) curing for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 75 percent, then removing the mold and naturally drying to obtain the neutron radiation resistant light gypsum board.
The neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board prepared by the embodiment has good appearance quality, no crack and no frost, and all the performances meet the requirements of GBT23451-2009 Standard for light partition wall battens for buildings on impact resistance, compressive strength, water content and the like. After 6 times of impact resistance tests, the surface of the material has no cracks, the compressive strength is 6.2MPa, the water content is 8.3 percent, and the neutron shielding rate is 72 percent.
The embodiments described herein are implemented by controlling variables, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on differences from other embodiments, so that the above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a neutron radiation's light gypsum board which characterized in that: the gypsum board contains 19-55% of packaging type porous solid waste by mass, boric acid solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.7% is adsorbed in the packaging type porous solid waste, and polymethyl methacrylate containing 0.5-1% of boron is used for packaging; the packaging type porous solid waste is prepared by mixing particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm and particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm according to the weight ratio of 1: 2-1: 1, mixing; the main component of the gypsum board is calcium sulfate dihydrate; the packaging method comprises the following steps: adding a methylbenzene solution containing boron polymethyl methacrylate into a container, soaking the porous solid waste adsorbing the boric acid solution, taking out the porous solid waste, standing the porous solid waste, and volatilizing methylbenzene to obtain the packaging type porous solid waste.
2. The neutron radiation prevention lightweight gypsum board of claim 1, wherein the packaging type porous solid waste is one or more of waste aerated building blocks, waste bricks and waste foamed concrete, and the particle size of the particles is 1-5 mm.
3. The neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board of claim 1, wherein the gypsum board comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass:
40-60 parts of phosphorus building gypsum
15-30 parts of packaging type porous solid waste
0.1 to 0.3 portion of retarder
0.2 to 0.4 weight portion of water reducing agent.
4. The neutron radiation prevention lightweight gypsum board according to claim 3, wherein the phosphorous building gypsum is obtained by calcining phosphogypsum at 107-170 ℃ for 2-3 hours, the breaking strength of 2h is more than or equal to 1.6MPa, and the compressive strength of 2h is more than or equal to 3.0 MPa.
5. The neutron radiation prevention lightweight gypsum board of claim 3, wherein the retarder is one or more of a protein retarder, sodium polyphosphate, and citric acid.
6. The neutron radiation prevention light gypsum board of claim 3, wherein the water reducing agent is one or more of acetone-sodium sulfite-formaldehyde aliphatic high efficiency water reducing agent, industrial naphthalene high efficiency water reducing agent, phenol-sodium aminobenzenesulfonate high efficiency water reducing agent, and acrylic acid-polyethylene glycol ether polycarboxylic acid high efficiency water reducing agent.
7. The preparation method of the neutron radiation prevention lightweight gypsum board according to any one of claims 3 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) weighing raw materials according to a mixing ratio for later use;
2) adding the phosphorus building gypsum into a stirrer, adding water, adding the packaging type porous solid waste while stirring, sequentially adding a retarder and a water reducing agent, and uniformly stirring;
3) injecting the obtained uniform slurry into a forming die for forming;
4) curing for 24 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 75 percent, then removing the mold and naturally drying to obtain the neutron radiation resistant light gypsum board.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3453160A (en) * | 1963-11-12 | 1969-07-01 | Kaiser Gypsum Co | Process for making structural gypsum board for neutron shielding |
| CN101302367B (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2011-03-30 | 北京富迪创业科技有限公司 | Anti-neutron size putty |
| JP6322359B2 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2018-05-09 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Radiation shielding wall, radiation shielding wall construction method, and radiation shielding wall repair method |
| CN104649605B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-12-08 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of radiation shield concrete protective agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108863442A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of neutron shield composite material and preparation method |
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