CN113149525A - Coal ash and red mud geopolymer material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Coal ash and red mud geopolymer material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113149525A CN113149525A CN202110395641.1A CN202110395641A CN113149525A CN 113149525 A CN113149525 A CN 113149525A CN 202110395641 A CN202110395641 A CN 202110395641A CN 113149525 A CN113149525 A CN 113149525A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- red mud
- fly ash
- aggregate
- coal ash
- geopolymer material
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
- C04B12/005—Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal ash and red mud geopolymer material, which comprises a cementing material and an aggregate, wherein the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-60% of red mud, 30-60% of fly ash, 5-30% of lime and 0.5-5% of additive, wherein the addition amount of the aggregate is 20-100% of the mass of the cementing material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) red mud, fly ash, lime and an additive in the cementing material are mixed according to the mass ratio of (10-60): (30-60): (5-30): (0.5-5) mixing and ball milling to obtain ball-milled powder; (2) mixing the powder subjected to ball milling with the aggregate according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.2-1), adding water, stirring, then pressing and forming, and steam curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material. The method of the invention is free from burning, high in strength, low in cost and capable of comprehensively utilizing the fly ash and the red mud.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling of building materials and industrial solid wastes, and particularly relates to a coal ash and red mud geopolymer material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The red mud is the leaching residue after alkaline leaching of bauxite in the production of alumina. The red mud has high alkali content, so that the comprehensive utilization of the red mud becomes a world problem due to the high alkalinity of the red mud. A large amount of red mud is piled up, which brings potential safety hazard. The discharge amount of red mud in the world is 1.2 million tons (more than 5000 million tons in China), the pH value is 11.0-12.0, and the corrosion to biological and metal materials is strong. The alkalinity of the red mud attached liquid is as high as 26348mg/L (the public ditch requires 30-400mg/L), so that the pH value of the surrounding water body is increased, and serious water pollution is caused, and the discharge amount of the red mud is increased year by year along with the development of the aluminum industry. At present, the stockpiling amount of the Chinese red mud reaches more than 6 hundred million tons.
Fly ash, also known as fly ash, is dust carried out by flue gas and collected by a dust collector after coal is combusted in a coal-fired power plant or a municipal central heating boiler, and is also an industrial solid waste.
At present, various colleges and universities and research institutes research the comprehensive utilization of the red mud fly ash, and the utilization direction is mainly to extract valuable metal elements from the red mud, produce soil conditioners from the red mud and the like. The current research has the following problems: firstly, the investment cost of the technologies is high, and secondly, no completely mature technology capable of realizing industrial production exists. And the fly ash red mud is used for preparing cement, sintered bricks and the like, but the technologies need to be roasted, so that the relative investment cost is high.
Patent No. 200610128450.4 discloses a technology for baking-free brick from red mud and fly ash, which is to mix red mud, fly ash, lime and gypsum, wheel-grind, add aggregate, wheel-grind, mold and maintain to obtain the product. The technology has certain requirements on raw materials, and the alkali in the red mud must be removed by circulating hydrated slurry by a boiler desulfurization tower. Enterprises without circulating water of the boiler desulfurization tower cannot popularize the production.
Patent No. 201610672956.5 discloses a process for producing a baking-free brick from red mud and fly ash, which comprises the steps of pretreating, mixing, rolling, neutralizing and aging, press forming, wet curing, drying and dehydrating, and naturally curing the fly ash, lime, gypsum and aggregate, wherein the added water is black liquor for paper making. The technology also has certain requirements on raw materials, and the added water must be black liquor water for papermaking. The enterprise without the black liquor water for paper making cannot be popularized and produced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fly ash and red mud geopolymer material which is free from burning, high in strength, low in cost and capable of comprehensively utilizing fly ash and red mud and a preparation method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is characterized by comprising a cementing material and an aggregate, wherein the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-60% of red mud, 30-60% of fly ash, 5-30% of lime and 0.5-5% of additive, wherein the addition amount of the aggregate is 20-100% of the mass of the cementing material.
The coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is characterized in that the additive is one of natural gypsum, desulfurized gypsum, dihydrate gypsum, semi-hydrated gypsum and anhydrous gypsum.
The coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is characterized in that the aggregate is one or more of river sand, standard sand, gravel, construction waste and furnace slag.
The preparation method of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) red mud, fly ash, lime and an additive in the cementing material are mixed according to the mass ratio of (10-60): (30-60): (5-30): (0.5-5) mixing and ball milling to obtain ball-milled powder;
(2) mixing the powder subjected to ball milling with the aggregate according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.2-1), adding water, stirring, then pressing and forming, and steam curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material.
The preparation method of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is characterized in that all powder materials subjected to ball milling in the step (1) pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and the residual quantity of the powder materials passing through a 100-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 10%.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the coal ash and the red mud are used as main raw materials to prepare the geopolymer material, the using amount of solid waste reaches more than 80 percent, the effective utilization of the solid waste is realized, and meanwhile, the process does not need roasting, so that the method has no fuel consumption and low cost; the activated alumina and silica in the alkali-activated fly ash in the red mud are fully utilized to form an aluminum-oxygen-silicate tetrahedron three-dimensional network polymer without alkali removal, and common tap water is added in the process, so that the polymer can effectively seal and cure toxic and harmful substances in solid waste, and the product is neutral and can be applied to building materials such as wall bricks, pavement bricks, slope protection and the like. The breaking strength of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is 3MPa-6MPa, and the compressive strength is 25MPa-30 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material of the invention comprises a cementing material and an aggregate, wherein the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-60% of red mud, 30-60% of fly ash, 5-30% of lime and 0.5-5% of additive, wherein the addition amount of the aggregate is 20-100% of the mass of the cementing material. The red mud is the waste material discharged in the Bayer process for producing alumina. The fly ash is dry discharged ash of a thermoelectric workshop of an alumina plant. The lime is hydrated lime or quicklime of a lime kiln of an alumina plant. The additive is one of natural gypsum, desulfurized gypsum, dihydrate gypsum, semi-hydrated gypsum and anhydrous gypsum. The aggregate is one or more of river sand, standard sand, gravel, construction waste and furnace slag.
The preparation method of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material comprises the following steps:
(1) red mud, fly ash, lime and an additive in the cementing material are mixed according to the mass ratio of (10-60): (30-60): (5-30): (0.5-5) mixing and ball milling to obtain ball-milled powder; the powder after ball milling passes through a 60-mesh sieve, and the residual quantity of the powder after ball milling when the powder passes through a 100-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 10%.
(2) Mixing the powder subjected to ball milling with the aggregate according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.2-1), adding water, stirring, then performing compression molding and steam curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material, wherein the flexural strength of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is 3MPa-6MPa, and the compressive strength of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is 25MPa-30 MPa.
Example 1
Uniformly mixing 235g of red mud, 470g of fly ash, 188g of slaked lime and 47g of desulfurized gypsum, and adding the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain powder after ball milling; the residual quantity of the ball-milled powder passing through a 100-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 10 percent.
And uniformly stirring the ball-milled powder, 940g of river sand and 225g of water, then pressing and molding the stirred material under the pressure of 15MPa, putting the molded material into a curing box for steam curing at 80 ℃ for one day, and curing at normal temperature for 28 days after curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material. Tests prove that the flexural strength of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material in 7 days is 3.75MPa, the compressive strength is 18.5MPa, the flexural strength in 28 days is 4.5MPa, and the compressive strength is 28.9 MPa.
Example 2
Uniformly mixing 260g of red mud, 520g of fly ash, 208g of slaked lime and 52g of desulfurized gypsum, and adding the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain powder after ball milling; the residual quantity of the ball-milled powder passing through a 100-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 10 percent.
And (3) uniformly stirring the ball-milled powder, 559g of river sand and 282g of water, then pressing and molding the stirred material under the pressure of 10MPa, putting the molded material into a curing box, steaming and curing for one day at the temperature of 80 ℃, and curing for 28 days at normal temperature after curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material. Tests prove that the flexural strength of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material in 7 days is 3.45MPa, the compressive strength is 17.6MPa, the flexural strength in 28 days is 4.25MPa, and the compressive strength is 27.8 MPa.
Example 3
Uniformly mixing 260g of red mud, 520g of fly ash, 208g of slaked lime and 52g of desulfurized gypsum, and adding the mixture into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain powder after ball milling; the residual quantity of the ball-milled powder passing through a 100-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 10 percent.
Crushing the construction waste to be less than 3mm by using a crusher, uniformly stirring the ball-milled powder with 559g of construction waste and 282g of water, then pressing and molding the stirred material under the pressure of 10MPa, putting the molded material into a curing box for steam curing at 80 ℃ for one day, and curing at normal temperature for 28 days after curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material. Tests prove that the flexural strength of the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material in 7 days is 3.45MPa, the compressive strength is 17.6MPa, the flexural strength in 28 days is 4.25MPa, and the compressive strength is 23.7 MPa.
Claims (5)
1. The coal ash and red mud geopolymer material is characterized by comprising a cementing material and an aggregate, wherein the cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-60% of red mud, 30-60% of fly ash, 5-30% of lime and 0.5-5% of additive, wherein the addition amount of the aggregate is 20-100% of the mass of the cementing material.
2. The fly ash and red mud geopolymer material of claim 1, wherein the additive is one of natural gypsum, desulfurized gypsum, dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, anhydrite.
3. The fly ash and red mud geopolymer material of claim 1, wherein the aggregate is one or more of river sand, standard sand, gravel, construction waste, and slag.
4. A method for preparing a fly ash and red mud geopolymer material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) red mud, fly ash, lime and an additive in the cementing material are mixed according to the mass ratio of (10-60): (30-60): (5-30): (0.5-5) mixing and ball milling to obtain ball-milled powder;
(2) mixing the powder subjected to ball milling with the aggregate according to the mass ratio of 1: (0.2-1), adding water, stirring, then pressing and forming, and steam curing to obtain the coal ash and red mud geopolymer material.
5. The preparation method of the fly ash and red mud geopolymer material according to claim 4, characterized in that the powder material after ball milling in step (1) passes through a 60-mesh sieve and the residual amount is less than or equal to 10% when the powder material passes through a 100-mesh sieve.
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| CN202110395641.1A CN113149525A (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2021-04-13 | Coal ash and red mud geopolymer material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114804693A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-07-29 | 中铝山西新材料有限公司 | Solid waste compound fly ash excitant and application thereof |
| CN114940593A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-26 | 中铝山西新材料有限公司 | Lightweight aggregate, preparation method thereof and concrete containing lightweight aggregate |
| CN114988728A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for fixing arsenic in neutralized slag by using fly ash-red mud-based geopolymer |
| CN115196895A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-18 | 北京交通大学 | Red mud and C-type fly ash geopolymer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115403309A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-29 | 北京住总基础设施建设集团有限责任公司 | Geopolymer impermeable material and preparation method thereof |
| EP4324806A1 (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-21 | EcoUp Oyj | Method of producing concrete-like material from waste materials |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114804693A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-07-29 | 中铝山西新材料有限公司 | Solid waste compound fly ash excitant and application thereof |
| CN114988728A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for fixing arsenic in neutralized slag by using fly ash-red mud-based geopolymer |
| CN114940593A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-26 | 中铝山西新材料有限公司 | Lightweight aggregate, preparation method thereof and concrete containing lightweight aggregate |
| CN115196895A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-18 | 北京交通大学 | Red mud and C-type fly ash geopolymer and preparation method thereof |
| CN115403309A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-29 | 北京住总基础设施建设集团有限责任公司 | Geopolymer impermeable material and preparation method thereof |
| EP4324806A1 (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-21 | EcoUp Oyj | Method of producing concrete-like material from waste materials |
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Application publication date: 20210723 |