CN113149511A - Microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of concrete cracks, preparation method of microbial microcapsule and self-repairing concrete - Google Patents
Microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of concrete cracks, preparation method of microbial microcapsule and self-repairing concrete Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0058—Core-shell polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of concrete cracks, a preparation method thereof and self-repairing concrete. The microcapsule consists of a capsule core and a capsule wall, wherein the capsule core comprises 10 parts of diatomite, 2-3 parts of nutrient substances, 10-12 parts of bacillus liquid, 0.1-0.4 part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 0-1.1 part of tween 800.9; the capsule wall is ethyl cellulose. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing diatomite, nutrient substances and the bacillus liquid in a vacuum environment; 2) adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and tween 80, stirring, drying, grinding, and sieving to obtain capsule core particle; 3) adding the capsule core particles into an organic solution of ethyl cellulose, stirring, carrying out vacuum filtration, and drying to obtain the microcapsule. The microcapsule has stable performance and good crack self-repairing effect; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple, mechanical equipment is not needed for assistance, the required microcapsules can be prepared only by simple grinding and sieving, the cost is low, and the operation is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete self-repairing materials, and particularly relates to a microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of concrete cracks, a preparation method of the microbial microcapsule and self-repairing concrete.
Background
Concrete is the most used artificial building material in the world today, and is widely applied to projects such as bridges, building construction, railways, shipping and the like. The concrete has the characteristics of compression resistance and no tensile strength, and the shrinkage such as dry shrinkage, self-shrinkage, temperature shrinkage and plastic shrinkage and external force restraint generated by the concrete are very likely to cause the concrete to develop cracks, and the existence of the cracks can influence the aspects of the structural safety, the service life, the service function and the like of the concrete. When the concrete is in an environment with an aggressive action on it, the presence of cracks is Cl-、SO4 2-The transmission of (2) provides a channel, so that the steel bar is corroded, the concrete is expanded and cracked, the performance degradation is accelerated, the service life is greatly shortened, the concrete structure is out of service too early, and huge economic loss is caused.
The traditional crack repairing mode is manual repairing, but the manual repairing is usually temporary solution and not permanent solution, only can treat external cracks, and cannot treat fine cracks existing in concrete. The development of the microbial repairing technology for self-repairing of concrete cracks indicates a new way, but because concrete is in a strong alkaline environment, the direct addition of microorganisms is not beneficial to the survival of microorganisms, and the self-repairing effect is influenced. The microcapsule is a technology originated in the 30 th of the last century, is mature at present, takes microorganisms as a part of a capsule core, and is wrapped by a capsule wall, so that the microorganisms are not in direct contact with concrete, the activity of the microcapsule is favorably stored, when cracks exist, the microcapsule is broken under the chemical or physical action, the microorganisms exert the self-repairing performance, and the cracks are effectively repaired. Although the microcapsule technology is mature, the preparation process is complex, and more molding equipment is needed, for example, in the invention patent with the application number of CN201510148725.X, extrusion equipment, rounding equipment, spray coating equipment and the like are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of concrete cracks, a preparation method thereof and self-repairing concrete. The microbial microcapsule has the characteristics of good crack self-repairing effect, stable performance, sensitivity to crack stress and quick response, is simple in preparation process, does not need mechanical equipment for assistance, can be used for preparing the required microcapsule only through simple grinding, sieving and soaking processes, is low in cost and is easy to operate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of the concrete cracks is provided, and comprises a capsule core and a capsule wall, wherein the capsule core comprises 10 parts of diatomite, 2-3 parts of nutrient substances, 10-12 parts of bacillus liquid, 0.1-0.4 part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 1.1-78 parts of tween 800.9; the capsule wall is ethyl cellulose.
According to the scheme, the mass ratio of the capsule core to the capsule wall in the microcapsule is 1: 1-2.
According to the scheme, the particle size of the microbial microcapsule capsule core is 1-3 mm.
According to the scheme, the nutrient substances are at least one of yeast powder and inosine.
According to the scheme, the thallus concentration in the bacillus liquid is 1.1-1.3 multiplied by 1010one/mL.
The preparation method of the microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of the concrete crack comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing diatomite, nutrient substances and the bacillus liquid in a vacuum environment;
(2) adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and tween 80, and stirring to obtain capsule core material;
(3) drying, grinding and sieving the capsule core material obtained in the step (2) to obtain capsule core particles;
(4) and (4) adding the capsule core particles obtained in the step (3) into an organic solution of ethyl cellulose, stirring, filtering in a vacuum environment, and drying to obtain the microbial microcapsule.
According to the scheme, in the steps (1) and (4), the vacuum environment is 0.08 MPa.
According to the scheme, in the step (3), the drying temperature is 35-45 ℃ and the time is 12-24 hours; sieving with 6 mesh sieve after proper grinding, and sieving with 18 mesh sieve to obtain capsule core with particle diameter of 1-3 mm.
According to the scheme, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the capsule core particles to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 1-2.
According to the scheme, in the step (4), the concentration of the ethyl cellulose in the organic solution of the ethyl cellulose is 6-10 wt%.
According to the scheme, in the step (4), the solvent in the organic solution of the ethyl cellulose is a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and toluene; preferably, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the toluene is 1: 4.5-5.5.
According to the scheme, in the step (4), the stirring time is 1-2 h; the drying temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the drying time is 1-2 h.
The self-repairing concrete comprises the microbial microcapsules, the doping amount of the microbial microcapsules is 3-5%, and the doping mode is external doping.
According to the scheme, the self-repairing concrete further comprises cement, sand, stone, an additive and water.
According to the scheme, the self-repairing concrete is prepared by dry-mixing and uniformly mixing cement, sand and stone, adding the microbial microcapsules, uniformly mixing, adding water and the additive, and uniformly stirring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the microbial microcapsule provided by the invention consists of a capsule core and a capsule wall, wherein diatomite is used as a carrier of bacillus in the capsule core, and the characteristics of looseness, porosity and large specific surface area of the carrier are utilized to increase attachment sites of strains, so that the self-repairing capability is improved, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and tween 80 are matched to easily form capsule core particles with uniform particle size, and meanwhile, ethyl cellulose sensitive to crack stress is used as the capsule wall, so that the microcapsule can be broken when cracks are generated, dormant bacillus is awakened, and the automatic repairing of concrete cracks is realized; the microbial microcapsule has the characteristics of good crack self-repairing effect, stable performance, sensitivity to crack stress and quick response.
2. According to the invention, firstly, diatomite, nutrient substances and bacillus liquid are uniformly mixed, then hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and tween 80 are added, and then the capsule core particles can be formed by simple drying, grinding and sieving without the assistance of mechanical equipment, so that the forming process is simple and easy to operate; and finally, soaking in an organic solvent of ethyl cellulose to prepare the microbial microcapsule, wherein the whole preparation process is simple to operate, mild in condition, free of complex equipment and low in cost, and has an industrial application prospect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The preparation method of the microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of the concrete cracks comprises the following steps:
(1) under vacuum environment, 10 parts by mass of diatomite, 2 parts by mass of yeast powder and 10 parts by mass of thallus concentration are mixed to be 1.1 multiplied by 1010Uniformly mixing bacillus liquid per mL;
(2) adding 0.2 mass part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 1.0 mass part of tween 80, and stirring to form a dough to obtain a capsule core material;
(3) drying the capsule core material obtained in the step (2) at 38 ℃ for 16 h;
(4) then, properly grinding the capsule core material, sieving the ground capsule core material with a 6-mesh sieve, and then sieving the ground capsule core material with a 18-mesh sieve to obtain capsule core particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm;
(5) preparing an organic solution of 7 wt% of ethyl cellulose, wherein the solute is a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and toluene, and the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the toluene is 1: 5;
(6) adding the capsule core particles obtained in the step (4) into the organic solution of the ethyl cellulose obtained in the step (5), wherein the mass ratio of the capsule core to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 1.5, stirring for 1h, then carrying out vacuum filtration, and drying for 1h at 38 ℃ to obtain the microbial microcapsule.
Example 2
The preparation method of the microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of the concrete cracks comprises the following steps:
(1) under vacuum environment, 10 parts by mass of diatomite, 3 parts by mass of yeast powder and 11 parts by mass of thallus concentration are mixed to be 1.2 multiplied by 1010Uniformly mixing bacillus liquid per mL;
(2) adding 0.3 mass part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 1.0 mass part of tween 80, and stirring to form a dough to obtain a capsule core material;
(3) drying the capsule core material obtained in the step (2) at 40 ℃ for 15 h;
(4) then, properly grinding the capsule core material, sieving the ground capsule core material with a 6-mesh sieve, and then sieving the ground capsule core material with a 18-mesh sieve to obtain capsule core particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm;
(5) preparing an organic solution of 8 wt% of ethyl cellulose, wherein the solute is a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and toluene, and the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the toluene is 1: 5;
(6) adding the capsule core particles obtained in the step (4) into the organic solution of the ethyl cellulose obtained in the step (5), wherein the mass ratio of the capsule core to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 1.7, stirring for 1h, then carrying out vacuum filtration, and drying for 1h at 40 ℃ to obtain the microbial microcapsule.
Example 3
The preparation method of the microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of the concrete cracks comprises the following steps:
(1) 10 parts by mass of diatomite, 1 part by mass of inosine and 2 parts by mass of a solvent are mixed under a vacuum environmentYeast powder in 12 weight portions and thallus concentration of 1.2X 1010Uniformly mixing bacillus liquid per mL;
(2) adding 0.3 mass part of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 1.1 mass part of tween 80, and stirring into a dough;
(3) drying the capsule core material at 37 deg.C for 15 hr;
(4) properly grinding the capsule core material, sieving with a 6-mesh sieve, and then sieving with a 18-mesh sieve to obtain capsule core particles with the particle size of 1-3 mm;
(5) preparing an organic solution of 8 wt% of ethyl cellulose, wherein the solute is a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and toluene, and the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the toluene is 1: 5;
(6) adding the capsule core particles obtained in the step (4) into the organic solution of the ethyl cellulose obtained in the step (5), wherein the mass ratio of the capsule core to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 1.8, stirring for 1h, then carrying out vacuum filtration, and drying at 37 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain the microbial microcapsule.
Example 4
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the self-repairing concrete using the microbial microcapsule prepared in embodiment 1 includes the following steps:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the weight proportions of 340kg, 752kg, 1128kg, 130kg, 3.4kg and 94kg of cement, sand, stone, water, an additive and a microbial microcapsule in each concrete;
(2) dry-mixing cement, sand and stone, adding the microbial microcapsules after the dry-mixing is uniform, and dry-mixing again and uniformly;
(3) and (3) pouring water and the additive into the dry-mixed uniform material, stirring uniformly, and taking out of the pot for molding.
And performing standard maintenance on the molded test block for 28d, then performing fracture and seam formation by using a universal testing machine, pasting gaskets with the size of 10mm multiplied by 0.2mm at four corners of the section of one test piece, compounding the two sections according to the in-situ direction, fixing the two sections in the middle of a clamp, and performing maintenance and self-repair.
Example 5
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the self-repairing concrete using the microbial microcapsules prepared in embodiment 2 includes the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratios of 360kg, 871kg, 1024kg, 145kg, 3.2kg and 96kg of cement, sand, stone, water, an additive and a microbial microcapsule in each concrete;
(2) dry-mixing cement, sand and stone, adding the microbial microcapsules after the dry-mixing is uniform, and dry-mixing again and uniformly;
(3) and (3) pouring water and the additive into the dry-mixed uniform material, stirring uniformly, and taking out of the pot for molding.
And performing standard maintenance on the molded test block for 28d, then performing fracture and seam formation by using a universal testing machine, pasting gaskets with the size of 10mm multiplied by 0.3mm at four corners of the section of one test piece, compounding the two sections according to the in-situ direction, fixing the two sections in the middle of a clamp, and performing maintenance and self-repair.
Example 6
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the self-repairing concrete using the microbial microcapsules prepared in embodiment 3 includes the following steps:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the weight proportions of 420kg, 752kg, 1081kg, 147kg, 3.7kg and 108kg of cement, sand, stone, water, an additive and a microbial microcapsule in each concrete;
(2) dry-mixing cement, sand and stone, adding the microbial microcapsules after the dry-mixing is uniform, and dry-mixing again and uniformly;
(3) and (3) pouring water and the additive into the dry-mixed uniform material, stirring uniformly, and taking out of the pot for molding.
And performing standard maintenance on the molded test block for 28d, then performing fracture and seam formation by using a universal testing machine, pasting gaskets with the size of 10mm multiplied by 0.3mm at four corners of the section of one test piece, compounding the two sections according to the in-situ direction, fixing the two sections in the middle of a clamp, and performing maintenance and self-repair.
TABLE 1 statistical tables of crack width self-repair conditions of self-repair concretes obtained in examples 4 to 6
Table 1 is a statistical table of crack width self-repair conditions. It can be seen from the table that the self-repairing concrete has a good crack self-repairing function, the crack width of example 4 is 0.21mm, the crack is almost completely repaired after 28d, the cracks of examples 5 and 6 are also greatly repaired, and the crack width repairing rate reaches over 80% after 28 d. Therefore, the microbial microcapsules prepared in the examples 1 to 3 have better self-repairing performance.
The above embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments. Other variants and modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art and can be made on the basis of the above description, are not necessary or exhaustive for all embodiments, and are therefore within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of the concrete cracks is characterized by comprising a capsule core and a capsule wall, wherein the capsule core comprises 10 parts of diatomite, 2-3 parts of nutrient substances, 10-12 parts of bacillus liquid, 0.1-0.4 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 0.1-1.1 part of tween 800.9; the capsule wall is ethyl cellulose.
2. The microbial microcapsule according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the capsule core to the capsule wall in the microcapsule is 1: 1-2.
3. The microbial microcapsule according to claim 1, wherein said microbial microcapsule core has a particle size of 1-3 mm.
4. The microbial microcapsule according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient is at least one of yeast powder and inosine; the concentration of the bacillus in the bacillus liquid is 1.1-1.3 multiplied by 1010one/mL.
5. The preparation method of the microbial microcapsules for self-repairing of concrete cracks, which is described in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing diatomite, nutrient substances and the bacillus liquid in a vacuum environment;
(2) adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and tween 80, and stirring to obtain capsule core material;
(3) drying, grinding and sieving the capsule core material obtained in the step (2) to obtain capsule core particles;
(4) and (4) adding the capsule core particles obtained in the step (3) into an organic solution of ethyl cellulose, stirring, filtering in a vacuum environment, and drying to obtain the microbial microcapsule.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3), the drying temperature is 35-45 ℃ and the drying time is 12-24 h; sieving with 6 mesh sieve after proper grinding, and sieving with 18 mesh sieve to obtain capsule core with particle diameter of 1-3 mm.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of the capsule core particles to the ethyl cellulose is 1: 1-2.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the concentration of the ethyl cellulose in the organic solution of the ethyl cellulose is 6-10 wt%; the solvent is a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol and toluene.
9. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the steps (1) and (4), the vacuum environment is 0.08 MPa; in the step (4), the stirring time is 1-2h, the drying temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the time is 1-2 h.
10. The self-repairing concrete is characterized by comprising the microbial microcapsules of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the addition amount of the microbial microcapsules is 3-5%, and the addition mode is external doping.
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| CN114804815A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-07-29 | 浙江亚厦装饰股份有限公司 | Preparation method of self-repairing glass magnesium board |
| CN116161983A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-26 | 山东高速城乡发展集团有限公司 | Microbial microcapsule for self-repairing concrete cracks, preparation method of microbial microcapsule and self-repairing concrete |
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