CN113145772B - Novel upsetting head of reinforced precast pile and production method thereof - Google Patents
Novel upsetting head of reinforced precast pile and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113145772B CN113145772B CN202110391159.0A CN202110391159A CN113145772B CN 113145772 B CN113145772 B CN 113145772B CN 202110391159 A CN202110391159 A CN 202110391159A CN 113145772 B CN113145772 B CN 113145772B
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- upsetting
- clamp
- head
- steel bar
- hammer head
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F5/00—Upsetting wire or pressing operations affecting the wire cross-section
- B21F5/005—Upsetting wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/06—Hammers tups; Anvils; Anvil blocks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
- B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses
- B21J9/08—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses equipped with devices for heating the work-piece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
- B21J9/12—Drives for forging presses operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
- B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/58—Prestressed concrete piles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention provides a novel upsetting head of an enhanced precast pile and a production method thereof, wherein the novel upsetting head comprises a tail end upsetting head and a middle upsetting head, the tail end upsetting head is used for being clamped on a tension plate, the middle upsetting head is used for being clamped on an end plate, a replaceable hammer head is arranged on a upsetting head machine for producing the novel upsetting head, when the upsetting head is used for the first time, a main rib is inserted into the bottom of a blind hole of the hammer head with the blind hole, a control system controls a clamping oil cylinder to drive a clamp to clamp the main rib, and the main rib between the front end surface of the hammer head and the clamp is extruded to form the middle upsetting head; after the main rib is taken out, the hammer head is replaced by a solid hammer head to carry out secondary upsetting, the main rib between the front end face of the hammer head and the clamp is extruded to form a tail end upsetting, and thus the novel upsetting is processed. The method can produce the main reinforcement with the double-upsetting structure, solves the problem that the end plate is connected with the tensioning plate through bolts, improves the production efficiency, and reduces the labor intensity of operators.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of production of prefabricated parts, in particular to a production method of a novel upsetting head.
Background
Pretensioned concrete precast piles are used as new building products and widely applied to the construction of various industries. In order to improve the bending resistance of precast pile products, end plates with a plurality of sinking table holes are required to be arranged at two ends of a precast pile die in the manufacturing stage of a reinforcement cage, upsetting heads in the shape of enlarged heads are processed at two ends of a plurality of longitudinal reinforcements of the reinforcement cage, upsetting heads with the same number at two sides are respectively clamped in counter bores of end plates at two ends, then the end plates at one end are fixed, and tension bolts fix a tension plate with the end plates. And the longitudinal bars of the reinforcement cage are stretched through a hydraulic stretching device by a stretching plate, and an anchoring device is adopted after stretching is finished to ensure that the reinforcement cage is kept in a stretched state. And then pouring concrete into the mould, and loosening the anchoring device after the concrete is solidified, wherein the reinforcement cage glued with the concrete cannot rebound, and the prestress of the longitudinal ribs is always kept, so that the bending resistance of the whole precast pile is improved.
At present, almost all reinforcing bars of the pretensioned concrete precast pile adopt tail end upsetting heads at two ends, the upsetting heads are clamped in end plate countersunk holes at two ends, the end plates and the tensioning plates are connected through mounting bolts and then tensioned, after concrete is solidified, the bolts are removed, the tensioning plates are removed and reused, and the end plates and the concrete form an integrated precast pile product.
In addition, the existing heading machine only has the function of upsetting one end with only one heading, and double heading or multiple heading cannot be achieved;
the technical problem that this mode exists:
1. the connecting bolts are required to be connected with the sleeve or the end plate of the clamping steel bar upsetting head, and the connecting bolts and the tensioning plates are required to be reused, so that after the concrete of the precast pile is solidified and formed, the connecting bolts are required to be removed, and the tensioning assemblies on two sides are provided with a plurality of connecting bolts, so that the production efficiency is reduced, and the labor intensity of operators is increased;
2. the original upsetter has single function and can only upset one end of the steel bar into one upsetting head.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a novel upsetting head production method, and the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency in the prior art are effectively solved by designing a novel steel bar upsetting head structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical proposal provided by the invention is as follows: a novel upsetting head of an enhanced precast pile is characterized in that: the steel bar 1 is provided with a tail end upsetting head 1-1 and a middle upsetting head 1-2.
Preferably, the tail end upsets 1-1 and the middle upsets 1-2 are of any T-shaped or conical structures.
Preferably, the spacing between the tail end upsets 1-1 and the middle upsets 1-2 is 30-100mm.
In order to solve the technical problem proposed by the invention, another technical scheme is as follows: the upsetting machine 2 comprises an upsetting oil cylinder 2-1, a hammer sleeve 2-2, a hammer 2-3, a clamping oil cylinder 2-4 and a clamp 2-5; the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1, the hammer head sleeve 2-2, the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 are fixed on the upsetting machine 2; the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 is characterized in that an oil cylinder rod is connected with the hammer head 2-3, and the hammer head 2-3 can slide back and forth in the hammer head sleeve 2-2; a blind hole 2-3-1 is formed in the hammer head 2-3, and the tail end of the steel bar 1 extends into the blind hole 2-3-1; the clamp 2-5 is connected with an oil cylinder rod of the clamping oil cylinder 2-4, and the opposite surface is provided with a clamp groove 2-5-1; the power supply 2-13 electrically connects the hammer head 2-3 with the clamp 2-5 through a lead 2-14; the hammerhead 2-3 can be replaced by a solid structure or a structure with a blind hole.
Preferably, the clamping device further comprises a guide rail 2-6, the clamps 2-5 are arranged on the guide rail 2-6, the number of the clamps 2-5 is 2, the number of the clamping cylinders 2-4 is 2 or 1, and the clamps 2-5 are driven by the clamping cylinders 2-4 to move left and right or are fixed on one side of the guide rail 2-6.
Preferably, the cross section of the hammer head 2-3 comprises a square, a circle or a polygon.
Preferably, the shape of the clamp groove 2-5-1 includes a circular arc shape, a square shape or a polygonal shape.
Preferably, the clamp 2-5 and the hammer head 2-3 are respectively connected with different electric potentials of the power source 2-13, different electric potentials exist between the clamp and the hammer head, and short-circuit current flows through the steel bar 1 during upsetting.
Preferably, the device also comprises a tail end upsetting device, wherein the tail end upsetting device comprises a bottom plate 2-7, a longitudinal guide rail 2-8, a reverse upsetting oil cylinder 2-9, a reverse clamp 2-10, a reverse clamp guide rail 2-11 and a reverse clamp clamping oil cylinder 2-12; the reverse upsetting cylinder 2-9 drives the bottom plate 2-7 to move on the longitudinal guide rail 2-8, thereby driving the reverse clamp 2-10 arranged on the driving bottom plate 2-7 to move.
Preferably, the clamp comprises a first clamp part 3-1 and a second clamp part 3-2 which are oppositely arranged, a groove 2-5-1 for clamping a reinforcing steel bar is formed in the opposite surface of the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2, and a heading groove 3-4 matched with the shape of a conical heading is formed in the upper end of the groove 3-3 close to one end of a hammer head;
in order to solve the technical problem proposed by the invention, another technical scheme is as follows: the novel upsetting head is manufactured by clamping and fixing a reinforcing steel bar 1 on a upsetting head machine 2; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps that a hammer head 2-3 with a blind hole structure is arranged on a heading machine 2, a reinforcing steel bar 1 with a certain length is inserted into the bottom of the blind hole 2-3-1 of the hammer head 2-3, then a heading command is sent to a control system, the control system firstly controls a clamp 2-5 driven by a clamping oil cylinder 2-4 to move towards the middle, and the reinforcing steel bar 1 is clamped in a clamp groove 2-5-1;
the control system applies different potentials to the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5, short-circuit current flows on the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, then the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammerhead 2-3 to move forwards, and the steel bar 1 in the blind hole 2-3-1 of the hammerhead 2-3 has limited deformation, so that the steel bar 1 between the front end surface of the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form an intermediate upsetting head 1-2;
the control system cuts off the power supply applied between the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5, meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to retreat, then the clamps 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 move to two sides, the steel bars 1 are loosened, and the steel bars 1 processed by the middle upsetting heads 1-2 are pulled out from the blind holes 2-3-1;
fourthly, replacing a hammer head 2-3 with a solid structure on the upsetting machine 2, placing the part from the middle upsetting head 1-2 to the nearest tail end of the steel bar 1 in the middle of the clamp 2-5, and abutting the tail end of the steel bar 1 on the end face of the hammer head 2-3; then, a upsetting instruction is sent to a control system, and the control system firstly controls a clamp 2-5 driven by a clamping oil cylinder 2-4 to move towards the middle so as to clamp a steel bar 1 in a clamp groove 2-5-1;
the control system applies different potentials to the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 again, short-circuit current flows through the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, and then the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammerhead 2-3 to move forwards, so that the steel bar 1 between the front end face of the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form a tail end upsetting head 1-1;
the control system cuts off the power supply applied between the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5, meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to retreat, then the clamps 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 move to two sides, the reinforcing steel bars 1 are loosened, the reinforcing steel bars 1 processed by the tail end upsetting heads 1-1 are taken out, and therefore the middle upsetting heads 1-2 and the reinforcing steel bars 1 processed by the tail end upsetting heads 1-1 are processed.
In order to solve the technical problem proposed by the invention, another technical scheme is as follows: a method for producing a novel upsetting head by using the upsetting head machine, wherein the novel upsetting head is manufactured by clamping and fixing a reinforcing steel bar 1 on an upsetting head machine 2; the method comprises the following specific steps:
after cutting off a steel bar 1 by a fixed length, placing the steel bar 1 between symmetrically distributed reverse clamps 2-10 and symmetrically distributed clamps 2-5, wherein the head end of the steel bar 1 is propped against a hammer head 2-3;
secondly, an upsetting instruction is sent out, the clamp 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 moves towards the middle to clamp the steel bar 1, and the steel bar 1 is tightly clamped in the clamp groove 2-5-1; simultaneously, the reverse clamp 2-10 driven by the reverse clamp clamping cylinder 2-12 moves towards the middle, the steel bar 1 is clamped, the steel bar 1 is tightly clamped in the groove of the reverse clamp 2-10, and the groove of the reverse clamp 2-10 and the groove of the clamp 2-5-1 are arranged in the same direction and in the same structure;
thirdly, the power supply 2-13 connects the hammer head 2-3 with the reverse clamp 2-10 through the lead 2-14, when the steel bar 1 contacts with the hammer head 2-3 and the reverse clamp 2-10, different potentials are applied between the hammer head 2-3 and the reverse clamp 2-10, short-circuit current flows on the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, and then the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer head 2-3 to move forwards, so that the steel bar 1 between the front end face of the hammer head 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form a tail end upsetting head 1-1; simultaneously, the reverse upsetting cylinder 2-9 drives the bottom plate 2-7 to move forward on the longitudinal guide rail 2-8, and the reverse clamp 2-10 correspondingly moves forward because the reverse clamp 2-10 is arranged on the bottom plate 2-7, so that the reinforcing steel bar 1 between the reverse clamp 2-10 and the opposite surface of the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form the middle upsetting head 1-2;
the power supply 2-13 applied between the hammer heads 2-3 and the reverse clamps 2-10 is disconnected, meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to retreat, then the reverse clamp clamping oil cylinder 2-12 drives the reverse clamps 2-10 to move to two sides, after the reinforcing steel bars 1 are loosened, the reverse upsetting oil cylinder 2-9 retreats, and the bottom plate 2-7 is driven to retreat; the clamping cylinder 2-4 drives the clamp 2-5 to move to two sides, the steel bar 1 is loosened, and the equipment is restored to an initial state; at this time, the steel bar 1 finished with the end upsets 1-1 and the middle upsets 1-2 is taken out; thus, the processing of the reinforcing steel bars 1 of the middle upsets 1-2 and the end upsets 1-1 is completed.
The cross section of the hammer head 2-3 comprises a square, a circle or a polygon.
The shape of the clamp groove 2-5-1 comprises a circular arc shape, a square shape or a polygon shape.
The hammerhead 2-3 can be replaced by a solid structure or a structure with a blind hole.
The clamp 2-5 and the hammer head 2-3 are respectively connected with different electric potentials of a power supply, different electric potentials exist between the clamp and the hammer head, and short-circuit current flows through the steel bar 1 during upsetting.
The bottom plate 2-7 is added; 2-8 of longitudinal guide rails; 2-9 of a reverse upsetting oil cylinder; 2-10 parts of a reverse clamp; 2-11 of a reverse clamp guide rail; the reverse clamp clamps the oil cylinder 2-12; the power supply 2-13 electrically connects the hammer head 2-3 with the reverse clamp 2-10 through the lead 2-14.
The clamp comprises a first clamp part 3-1 and a second clamp part 3-2 which are oppositely arranged, a groove 3-3 for clamping a reinforcing steel bar is formed in the opposite surface of the first clamp part 3-1 and the opposite surface of the second clamp part 3-2, and a upsetting groove 3-4 matched with the shape of a conical upsetting head is formed in one end, close to a hammer head, of the upper end of the groove 3-3.
The same heading grooves 3-4 are arranged at the 4 corners of the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2, the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2 horizontally rotate 180 degrees, or after the front side and the back side of the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2 are exchanged, the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2 can be normally used.
The upsetting machine comprises an upsetting oil cylinder, a hammer head sleeve, a hammer head, a clamping oil cylinder, a clamp and a guide rail.
The upsetting oil cylinder is fixed on the upsetting head machine, and an oil cylinder rod of the upsetting oil cylinder is connected with the hammer head;
the hammer head sleeve is fixed on the upsetting machine, and the hammer head can slide back and forth in the hammer head sleeve;
the clamping oil cylinder is fixed on the heading machine, and an oil cylinder rod of the clamping oil cylinder is connected with the clamp;
the number of the clamping cylinders and the clamps is 2, and the clamping cylinders and the clamps are symmetrically arranged along the axes of the cylinder rods and the hammer heads of the upsetting cylinders;
the guide rail is fixed on the heading machine, the clamp is arranged on the guide rail and can move left and right along the guide rail;
the hammer head can be of a solid structure or a structure with a blind hole; the view shape of the hammer head B comprises but is not limited to square, round, polygonal and the like;
the clamp is characterized in that clamp grooves are formed in the opposite surfaces of the clamp and symmetrically arranged along the axes of the oil cylinder rod and the hammer head of the upsetting oil cylinder, and the shapes of the clamp grooves include, but are not limited to, circular arcs, square angles, polygons and the like;
the steel bar is clamped in the clamp groove by the clamp driven by the clamping oil cylinder, the head end is inserted into the top end of the blind hole in the middle of the hammer head, different electric potentials are applied between the hammer head and the clamp at the moment, short-circuit current flows through the steel bar, the steel bar is heated and softened under the action of the current, the upsetting oil cylinder drives the hammer head to move forwards, and the front end face of the hammer head and the clamp are deformed and extruded to form a middle upsetting head;
and taking out the steel bar forming the middle upsetting head, replacing the hammerhead with the blind hole with a hammerhead with a solid structure, clamping the steel bar in a clamp groove by a clamp driven by a clamping oil cylinder, propping the head end against the end face in front of the hammerhead, applying different potentials between the hammerhead and the clamp again, enabling short-circuit current to flow on the steel bar, heating and softening the steel bar under the action of the current, driving the hammerhead to move forwards by the upsetting oil cylinder, and deforming and extruding the front end face of the hammerhead and the clamp to form the tail end upsetting head.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the novel upsetting structure steel bar produced by the technology of the invention is assembled and clamped with the end plate and the tensioning plate respectively, so that the problem that the tensioning plate and the end plate in the industry are required to be connected through bolt fastening is solved, the workload of frequent tightening and disassembling of the connecting bolt by staff can be solved, the labor intensity of the staff is greatly reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
2. The upsetting machine realizes the function of upsetting two upsetting heads or a plurality of upsetting heads at one end by replacing hammerheads with different structures;
3. the invention provides a production method of a novel upsetting head, which comprises an end upsetting head and a middle upsetting head, wherein the end upsetting head is used for being clamped on a tension plate, the middle upsetting head is used for being clamped on an end plate, a replaceable hammer head is arranged on an upsetting machine for producing the novel upsetting head, when the upsetting head is used for the first time, a main rib is inserted into the bottom of a blind hole of the hammer head with the blind hole, a control system controls a clamping oil cylinder to drive a clamp to clamp the main rib, and the main rib between the front end surface of the hammer head and the clamp is extruded to form the middle upsetting head; after the main rib is taken out, the hammer head is replaced by a solid hammer head to carry out secondary upsetting, the main rib between the front end face of the hammer head and the clamp is extruded to form a tail end upsetting, and thus the novel upsetting is processed. The method can produce the main reinforcement with the double-upsetting structure, solves the problem that the end plate is connected with the tensioning plate through bolts, improves the production efficiency, and reduces the labor intensity of operators; in addition, the upsetting machine realizes the function of upsetting two upsetting heads or a plurality of upsetting heads at one end by replacing hammerheads with different structures.
4. The novel upsetting head main reinforcement produced by the technology is characterized in that the upsetting head at the end part of the main reinforcement is clamped in the counter bore of the tensioning plate, the upsetting head at the middle part is clamped in the counter bore of the end plate at one end, and meanwhile, the traction device is additionally arranged on the tensioning head plate, so that all upsetting heads can be tightly clamped with corresponding counter bores in the tensioning process of the main reinforcement. After the steel reinforcement cage with a plurality of double-heading main ribs arranged at two ends is put into the cage, the rib penetrating holes of the end plates at the head and tail ends sequentially penetrate through 2 heading heads of the main ribs, and the heading heads at the head and tail ends of the main ribs penetrate through the rib penetrating holes of the tensioning head plate and the tensioning tail plate, and the tensioning head plate, the tensioning tail plate and the end plates at the head and tail ends are rotated by a certain angle, so that the clamping connection of the heading heads and corresponding counter bores can be realized. After two ends of all main ribs are subjected to secondary upsetting, upsetting is respectively assembled and clamped with the end plate and the tensioning plate, and the first upsetting of the head end, the tensioning head plate, the first upsetting of the tail end and the tensioning tail plate are all subjected to tensioning force, so that the integrity of the second upsetting of the head end and the second upsetting of the tail end can be effectively maintained on the premise of guaranteeing the tensioning force of the reinforcing steel bars.
5. The invention provides a production method of a novel upsetting head, which comprises an end upsetting head and a middle upsetting head, wherein the end upsetting head is used for being clamped on a tension plate, the middle upsetting head is used for being clamped on an end plate, a replaceable hammer head is arranged on an upsetting machine for producing the novel upsetting head, when the upsetting head is used for the first time, a main rib is inserted into the bottom of a blind hole of the hammer head with the blind hole, a control system controls a clamping oil cylinder to drive a clamp to clamp the main rib, and the main rib between the front end surface of the hammer head and the clamp is extruded to form the middle upsetting head; after the main rib is taken out, the hammer head is replaced by a solid hammer head to carry out secondary upsetting, the main rib between the front end face of the hammer head and the clamp is extruded to form a tail end upsetting, and thus the novel upsetting is processed. The method can produce the main reinforcement with the double-upsetting structure, solves the problem that the end plate is connected with the tensioning plate through bolts, improves the production efficiency, and reduces the labor intensity of operators; in addition, the upsetting machine realizes the function of upsetting two upsetting heads or a plurality of upsetting heads at one end by replacing hammerheads with different structures.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel upsetting head.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a novel heading machine.
Fig. 3 is a B-view of a novel hammer head.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a novel hammer head C.
Fig. 5 is a B-view of a hammer head.
Fig. 6 is an a-direction view of a clamp.
Fig. 7 is a top view showing the structure of a novel heading machine according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a conical upset head.
Figure 9 is a schematic view of a clamp configuration mated with a tapered heading.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the hammer head, the clamp and the reinforcing steel bar.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a counterbore.
In the figure:
1-reinforcing steel bars; 1-end upsets; 1-2-middle upsets; 2-heading machine; 2-1-upsetting cylinder; 2-hammer head sleeve; 2-3-hammerhead; 2-3-1-hammer blind holes; 2-4, clamping the oil cylinder; 2-5-clamping; 2-5-1-clamp groove; 2-6, a guide rail; 2-7 parts of a bottom plate; 2-8, longitudinal guide rails; 2-9, a reverse upsetting cylinder; 2-10-reversing the clamp; 2-11-reversing jig guide rails; 2-12, clamping the oil cylinder by a reverse clamp; 2-13, a power supply; 2-14-conducting wires; 3-1-a first clamp portion; 3-2-a second clamp portion; 3-3-grooves; 3-4-upsetting grooves; 3-5-countersunk holes.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the novel upsetting head is characterized in that a tail end upsetting head 1-1 and a middle upsetting head 1-2 are arranged on the steel bar 1, and the upsetting head is T-shaped. The structure of the upsets of the present invention may also be tapered as shown in fig. 8. The spacing between the tail end upsets 1-1 and the middle upsets 1-2 is 30-100mm. The excessive distance between the two upsets can cause waste of raw materials, the distance is too small, and the upsets cannot be processed, so that the interval between the upsets is proper to be 30-100mm.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 2, the upsetting machine comprises an upsetting oil cylinder 2-1, a hammer head sleeve 2-2, a hammer head 2-3, a clamping oil cylinder 2-4, a clamp 2-5 and a guide rail 2-6. The upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 is fixed on the upsetting machine 2, and an oil cylinder rod of the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 is connected with the hammer head 2-3; the hammer head sleeve 2-2 is fixed on the upsetting machine 2, and the hammer head 2-3 can slide back and forth in the hammer head sleeve 2-2; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the hammerhead 2-3 may be a solid structure or a blind hole 2-3-1 structure with a hammerhead; as shown in fig. 4, the blind hole 2-3-1 of the hammer is in a circular truncated cone structure, the deepest diameter of the blind hole 2-3-1 of the hammer is smaller, the diameter of the outlet of the end face of the hammer 2-3 is larger, so that when the middle upsetting head 1-2 is upset, the steel bar 1 protruding from the front end can be smoothly pulled out, the inclined edge of the blind hole 2-3-1 of the hammer and the end face of the hammer 2-3 form a certain inclined angle alpha, and the range of the inclined angle alpha is 85-90 degrees. The view shape of the hammer head 2-3B comprises but is not limited to square, round, polygonal and the like;
as shown in fig. 2, the clamping cylinder 2-4 is fixed on the heading machine 2, and a cylinder rod of the clamping cylinder 2-4 is connected with the clamp 2-5; the number of the clamping cylinders 2-4 and the clamps 2-5 is 2, and the clamping cylinders are symmetrically arranged along the axes of the cylinder rods of the upsetting cylinders 2-1 and the hammerheads 2-3. The guide rail 2-6 is fixed on the heading machine 2, the clamp 2-5 is arranged on the guide rail 2-6 and can move along the left and right 2-6 of the guide rail; when the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 drives the clamp 2-5 to be in a clamping state, the central lines of the two clamps 2-5 are aligned with the axis of the oil cylinder rod of the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 and the axis of the hammer head 2-3;
as shown in fig. 6, the opposite surfaces of the clamp 2-5 are provided with clamp grooves 2-5-1 which are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the cylinder rod and the hammer head 2-3 of the upsetting cylinder 2-1, and the shape of the clamp grooves 2-5-1 comprises, but is not limited to, circular arc, square angle, polygon and the like;
the steel bar 1 is clamped in the clamp groove 2-5-1 by the clamp 2-5 driven by the clamping cylinder 2-4, and the head end is inserted into the top end of the blind hole 2-3-1 in the middle of the hammer head 2-3. At the moment, the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5 are connected through the lead 2-14, different potentials are applied to the power supply 2-13, short-circuit current flows through the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to move forwards, and the front end face of the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5 are deformed and extruded to form the middle upsetting heads 1-2;
then, the steel bar 1 forming the middle upsetting head 1-2 is taken out, as shown in fig. 5, the hammerhead 2-3 with the blind hole 2-3-1 is replaced by the hammerhead 2-3 with a solid structure, the steel bar 1 is clamped in the clamp groove 2-5-1 by the clamp 2-5 driven by the clamping cylinder 2-4, the head end is propped against the front end face of the hammerhead 2-3, at the moment, different potentials are applied between the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 again, short circuit current flows on the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, the upsetting cylinder 2-1 drives the hammerhead 2-3 to move forwards, and the front end face of the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 are deformed and extruded to form a tail end upsetting head, so that a steel bar product with the tail end upsetting head 1-1 and the middle upsetting head 1-2 is obtained.
The novel tensioning process comprises the following operation steps:
1. after cutting off the steel bar 1 by fixed length, inserting the steel bar 1 into the bottom of the blind hole 2-3-1 of the hammer head 2-3, then sending an upsetting instruction to a control system, and controlling the clamp 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 to move towards the middle by the control system to clamp the steel bar 1, wherein the steel bar 1 is tightly clamped in the clamp groove 2-5-1;
2. the control system applies different potentials between the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5, short-circuit current flows through the steel bars 1, the steel bars 1 are heated and softened under the action of the current, then the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to move forwards, and the steel bars 1 in the blind holes 2-3-1 of the hammer heads 2-3 are limited in deformation, so that the steel bars 1 between the front end surfaces of the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5 are extruded to form middle upsetting heads 1-2;
3. the control system drives the hammer heads 2-3 to retreat simultaneously after the power supply 2-13 applied between the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5 is disconnected, then clamps the clamps 2-5 driven by the oil cylinders 2-4 to move to two sides, loosens the reinforcing steel bars 1, and pulls out the reinforcing steel bars 1 processed by the middle upsetting heads 1-2 from the blind holes 2-3-1;
4. after the hammer heads 2-3 are replaced by solid hammer heads, the steel bar 1 with the middle upsetting heads 1-2 towards the tail end direction of the steel bar 1 is placed in the middle of the clamp 2-5, the tail end of the steel bar 1 is propped against the end face of the hammer heads 2-3, then upsetting instructions are sent to the control system, the control system firstly controls the clamp 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinders 2-4 to move towards the middle to clamp the steel bar 1, and the steel bar 1 is tightly clamped in the clamp grooves 2-5-1;
5. the control system applies different potentials to the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 again, short-circuit current flows through the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, and then the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammerhead 2-3 to move forwards, so that the steel bar 1 between the front end face of the hammerhead 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form a tail end upsetting head 1-1;
6. the control system cuts off the power supply applied between the hammer heads 2-3 and the clamps 2-5, meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to retreat, then the clamps 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 move to two sides, the reinforcing steel bars 1 are loosened, the reinforcing steel bars 1 processed by the tail end upsetting heads 1-1 are taken out, and therefore the middle upsetting heads 1-2 and the reinforcing steel bars 1 processed by the tail end upsetting heads 1-1 are processed.
Example 3
1. After cutting the steel bar 1 to a fixed length, placing the steel bar 1 between the symmetrically distributed reverse clamps 2-10 and between the symmetrically distributed clamps 2-5, wherein the head end of the steel bar 1 is propped against the hammer heads 2-3;
2. then, an upsetting instruction is sent, the clamp 2-5 driven by the clamping oil cylinder 2-4 moves towards the middle to clamp the steel bar 1, and the steel bar 1 is tightly clamped in the clamp groove 2-5-1; simultaneously, the reverse clamp 2-10 driven by the reverse clamp clamping cylinder 2-12 moves towards the middle, the steel bar 1 is clamped, the steel bar 1 is tightly clamped in the groove of the reverse clamp 2-10, and the groove of the reverse clamp 2-10 and the groove of the clamp 2-5-1 are arranged in the same direction and in the same structure;
3. the power supply 2-13 connects the hammer head 2-3 with the reverse clamp 2-10 through the lead 2-14, when the steel bar 1 contacts with the hammer head 2-3 and the reverse clamp 2-10, different potentials are applied between the hammer head 2-3 and the reverse clamp 2-10, short-circuit current flows through the steel bar 1, the steel bar 1 is heated and softened under the action of the current, and then the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer head 2-3 to move forwards, so that the steel bar 1 between the front end face of the hammer head 2-3 and the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form a tail end upsetting head 1-1; simultaneously, the reverse upsetting cylinder 2-9 drives the bottom plate 2-7 to move forward on the longitudinal guide rail 2-8, and the reverse clamp 2-10 correspondingly moves forward because the reverse clamp 2-10 is arranged on the bottom plate 2-7, so that the reinforcing steel bar 1 between the reverse clamp 2-10 and the opposite surface of the clamp 2-5 is extruded to form the middle upsetting head 1-2;
4. the power supply 2-13 applied between the hammer heads 2-3 and the reverse clamps 2-10 is disconnected, meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder 2-1 drives the hammer heads 2-3 to retreat, then the reverse clamp clamping oil cylinder 2-12 drives the reverse clamps 2-10 to move to two sides, after the reinforcing steel bars 1 are loosened, the reverse upsetting oil cylinder 2-9 retreats, and the bottom plate 2-7 is driven to retreat; the clamping cylinder 2-4 drives the clamp 2-5 to move to two sides, the steel bar 1 is loosened, and the equipment is restored to the original state. At this time, the steel bar 1 finished with the end upsets 1-1 and the intermediate upsets 1-2 is taken out. Thus, the processing of the reinforcing steel bars 1 of the middle upsets 1-2 and the end upsets 1-1 is completed.
Example 4
The structure of the upsets of the present invention may also be tapered as shown in fig. 8. The structure of the clamp matched with the structure is shown in fig. 9.
The clamp comprises a first clamp part 3-1 and a second clamp part 3-2 which are oppositely arranged, a groove 3-3 for clamping a reinforcing steel bar is formed in the opposite surface of the first clamp part 3-1 and the opposite surface of the second clamp part 3-2, and a upsetting head groove 3-4 matched with the shape of a conical upsetting head is formed in one end, close to a hammer head, of the upper end of the groove 3-3; the end face of the hammer head corresponding to the clamp is provided with a counter bore 3-5.
The same heading grooves 3-4 are arranged at the 4 corners of the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2, the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2 horizontally rotate 180 degrees, or after the front side and the back side of the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2 are exchanged, the first clamp part 3-1 and the second clamp part 3-2 can be normally used.
The countersunk holes 3-5 are multiple and are uniformly distributed along the center of the hammer head.
By replacing the reversing clamps 2-10 and 2-5 of example 2 with the clamp configuration of fig. 9, both the first and second upset head configurations can be realized as tapered.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the hammer head, the clamp and the reinforcing steel bar.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a counterbore.
It should be understood that although the present disclosure has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate technical solution, and this description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should consider the disclosure as a whole, and the technical solutions in the various embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
The invention is not limited to the specific technical scheme described in the above embodiments, and all technical schemes formed by adopting equivalent substitution are the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A novel upsetting head machine for producing an enhanced precast pile is characterized in that: the novel upsetting head is characterized in that a tail end upsetting head (1-1) and a middle upsetting head (1-2) are arranged on the steel bar (1); the upsetting machine (2) comprises an upsetting oil cylinder (2-1), a hammer head sleeve (2-2), a hammer head (2-3), a clamping oil cylinder (2-4) and a clamp (2-5); the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1), the hammer sleeve (2-2) and the clamping oil cylinder (2-4) are fixed on the upsetting machine (2); the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) is characterized in that an oil cylinder rod is connected with the hammer head (2-3), and the hammer head (2-3) can slide back and forth in the hammer head sleeve (2-2); the hammer head (2-3) is of a blind hole structure or a solid structure, a blind hole (2-3-1) is formed in the hammer head (2-3) when the hammer head is of the blind hole structure, and the tail end of the reinforcing steel bar (1) extends into the blind hole (2-3-1); the clamp (2-5) is connected with an oil cylinder rod of the clamping oil cylinder (2-4), and the opposite surface is provided with a clamp groove (2-5-1); the power supply (2-13) is used for electrically connecting the hammer head (2-3) with the clamp (2-5) through the lead (2-14), and the power supply further comprises a tail end upsetting device, wherein the tail end upsetting device comprises a bottom plate (2-7), a longitudinal guide rail (2-8), a reverse upsetting oil cylinder (2-9), a reverse clamp (2-10), a reverse clamp guide rail (2-11) and a reverse clamp clamping oil cylinder (2-12); the reverse upsetting oil cylinder (2-9) drives the bottom plate (2-7) to move on the longitudinal guide rail (2-8), so as to drive the reverse clamp (2-10) arranged on the bottom plate (2-7) to move.
2. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: the tail end upsetting head (1-1) and the middle upsetting head (1-2) are of T-shaped or conical structures.
3. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: the spacing between the tail end upsetting head (1-1) and the middle upsetting head (1-2) is 30-100mm.
4. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping device is characterized by further comprising guide rails (2-6), wherein the clamps (2-5) are arranged on the guide rails (2-6), the number of the clamps (2-5) is 2, the number of the clamping cylinders (2-4) is 2 or 1, and the clamps (2-5) are driven by the clamping cylinders (2-4) to move left and right or are fixed on one side along the guide rails (2-6).
5. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section of the hammer head (2-3) comprises a square shape and a round shape, and the shape of the clamp groove (2-5-1) comprises a circular arc shape and a square angle shape.
6. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: when the hammer head (2-3) is of a blind hole structure, the inclined edge of the blind hole (2-3-1) of the hammer head and the end face of the hammer head (2-3) form a certain included angle alpha, and the included angle alpha ranges from 85 degrees to 90 degrees.
7. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 1, characterized in that: the clamp (2-5) and the hammer head (2-3) are respectively connected with different electric potentials of the power supply (2-13), different electric potentials exist between the clamp and the hammer head, and short-circuit current flows through the steel bar (1) during upsetting.
8. A heading machine for producing new heading for an enhanced precast pile as defined in claim 2, characterized in that: the clamp comprises a first clamp part (3-1) and a second clamp part (3-2) which are oppositely arranged, clamp grooves (2-5-1) for clamping reinforcing steel bars are formed in the opposite surfaces of the first clamp part (3-1) and the second clamp part (3-2), and upsetting grooves (3-4) matched with the shape of a conical upsetting head are formed in the upper end of each clamp groove (2-5-1) close to one end of a hammer head.
9. A method of producing a new heading using the heading machine of claim 7, characterized by: the novel upsetting head is manufactured by clamping and fixing a reinforcing steel bar (1) on an upsetting head machine (2); the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps that a hammer head (2-3) with a blind hole structure is arranged on a heading machine (2), a reinforcing steel bar (1) with a certain length is inserted into the bottom of the blind hole (2-3-1) of the hammer head (2-3), then a heading command is sent to a control system, the control system firstly controls a clamp (2-5) driven by a clamping oil cylinder (2-4) to move towards the middle, and the reinforcing steel bar (1) is clamped in a clamp groove (2-5-1);
the control system applies different potentials between the hammer head (2-3) and the clamp (2-5), short-circuit current flows through the steel bar (1), the steel bar (1) is heated and softened under the action of the current, then the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) drives the hammer head (2-3) to move forwards, and the steel bar (1) in the blind hole (2-3-1) of the hammer head (2-3) is limited in deformation, so that the steel bar (1) between the front end surface of the hammer head (2-3) and the clamp (2-5) is extruded to form an intermediate upsetting head (1-2);
the control system cuts off a power supply applied between the hammer head (2-3) and the clamp (2-5), meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) drives the hammer head (2-3) to retreat, the number of the clamping oil cylinders (2-4) is 2, then the clamp (2-5) driven by the clamping oil cylinder (2-4) moves to two sides, the reinforcing steel bars (1) are loosened, and the reinforcing steel bars (1) which finish the machining of the middle upsetting head (1-2) are pulled out from the blind holes (2-3-1);
replacing a hammer head (2-3) with a solid structure on a upsetting machine (2), placing the part from the middle upsetting head (1-2) of the steel bar (1) to the nearest tail end in the middle of a clamp (2-5), and abutting the tail end of the steel bar (1) on the end face of the hammer head (2-3); then, a upsetting instruction is sent to a control system, the control system firstly controls a clamp (2-5) driven by a clamping oil cylinder (2-4) to move towards the middle, and clamps a reinforcing steel bar (1) in a clamp groove (2-5-1);
the control system applies different potentials to the hammerhead (2-3) and the clamp (2-5) again, short-circuit current flows through the steel bar (1), the steel bar (1) is heated and softened under the action of the current, and then the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) drives the hammerhead (2-3) to move forwards, so that the steel bar (1) between the front end surface of the hammerhead (2-3) and the clamp (2-5) is extruded to form a tail end upsetting head (1-1);
the control system cuts off a power supply applied between the hammer head (2-3) and the clamp (2-5), meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) drives the hammer head (2-3) to retreat, then the clamp (2-5) driven by the clamping oil cylinder (2-4) moves to two sides, the reinforcing steel bar (1) is loosened, the reinforcing steel bar (1) which is processed by the tail end upsetting head (1-1) is taken out, and the middle upsetting head (1-2) and the reinforcing steel bar (1) which is processed by the tail end upsetting head (1-1) are processed.
10. A method of producing a new heading using the heading machine of claim 7, characterized by: the novel upsetting head is manufactured by clamping and fixing a reinforcing steel bar (1) on an upsetting head machine (2); the method comprises the following specific steps:
after cutting off a steel bar (1) by a fixed length, placing the steel bar (1) between symmetrically distributed reverse clamps (2-10) and symmetrically distributed clamps (2-5), and propping the head end of the steel bar (1) against a hammer head (2-3);
secondly, an upsetting instruction is sent out, a clamp (2-5) driven by a clamping oil cylinder (2-4) moves towards the middle to clamp a reinforcing steel bar (1), and the reinforcing steel bar (1) is tightly clamped in a clamp groove (2-5-1); simultaneously, a reverse clamp (2-10) driven by a reverse clamp clamping cylinder (2-12) moves towards the middle to clamp the steel bar (1), the steel bar (1) is tightly clamped in a groove of the reverse clamp (2-10), and the groove of the reverse clamp (2-10) and the groove of the clamp (2-5-1) are arranged forwards and backwards and have the same structure;
according to the technical scheme, the power supply (2-13) connects the hammer head (2-3) with the reverse clamp (2-10) through the lead (2-14), when the steel bar (1) is contacted with the hammer head (2-3) and the reverse clamp (2-10), different potentials are applied between the hammer head (2-3) and the reverse clamp (2-10), short-circuit current flows through the steel bar (1), the steel bar (1) is heated and softened under the action of the current, and then the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) drives the hammer head (2-3) to move forwards, so that the steel bar (1) between the front end face of the hammer head (2-3) and the clamp (2-5) is extruded to form a tail end upsetting head (1-1); simultaneously, the bottom plate (2-7) is driven by the reverse upsetting oil cylinder (2-9) to move forward on the longitudinal guide rail (2-8), and the reverse clamp (2-10) is correspondingly moved forward because the reverse clamp (2-10) is arranged on the bottom plate (2-7), so that the reinforcing steel bar (1) between the opposite surfaces of the reverse clamp (2-10) and the clamp (2-5) is extruded to form the middle upsetting head (1-2);
the power supply (2-13) applied between the hammer head (2-3) and the reverse clamp (2-10) is disconnected, meanwhile, the upsetting oil cylinder (2-1) drives the hammer head (2-3) to retreat, then the reverse clamp clamping oil cylinder (2-12) drives the reverse clamp (2-10) to move to two sides, after the reinforcing steel bar (1) is loosened, the reverse upsetting oil cylinder (2-9) retreats, and the bottom plate (2-7) is driven to retreat; the clamping oil cylinder (2-4) drives the clamp (2-5) to move to two sides, the steel bar (1) is loosened, and the equipment is restored to an initial state; at this time, the steel bar (1) finished with the end upsets (1-1) and the middle upsets (1-2) is taken out; thus, the processing of the reinforcing steel bars (1) of the middle upsetting head (1-2) and the end upsetting head (1-1) is completed.
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