CN1131455C - Optical fiber grating tuner - Google Patents
Optical fiber grating tuner Download PDFInfo
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- CN1131455C CN1131455C CN 01136576 CN01136576A CN1131455C CN 1131455 C CN1131455 C CN 1131455C CN 01136576 CN01136576 CN 01136576 CN 01136576 A CN01136576 A CN 01136576A CN 1131455 C CN1131455 C CN 1131455C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of adjusting an optical fiber grating and comprises an optical fiber grating and a piezoelectric ceramic. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention also comprises two supporting beams, one end of each of the two supporting beams is fixed at the end surface of the piezoelectric ceramic, and the other end is fixed at the end of the optical fiber grating which is hung above the piezoelectric ceramic to form a bridge structure. The present invention has the characteristics that the extension amount of the piezoelectric ceramic can be fully used, the total deformation amount of the piezoelectric ceramic is obtained by the optical fiber grating, and chatter can not be introduced because the grating self is hung. Further, through the composite structure of a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics, direct current and alternating current modulation can also be carried out on the optical fiber grating at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fiber grating tuning technical field, particularly piezoelectric ceramics type optical fiber grating tuner structural design.
Background technology
The UV-irradiation light-sensitive optical fibre can make optical fibre refractivity generation permanent change, according to this effect fibre core is periodically exposed, thereby obtains fiber grating.Fiber grating is a kind of all-fiber filter spare, can substitute original many devices, is widely used in each field of photoelectron.Fiber grating has many outstanding advantages, and one of them is exactly that its wavelength is easily tuning.Utilize the mechanical deformation or the method for transformation temperature that the Bragg period of fiber grating and refractive index are changed, thereby changed its reflection kernel wavelength.The tuning characteristic of fiber grating can be used for that laser wavelength is tuning, optical filter, light wave road (OADM), multiplexer and demodulation multiplexer up and down, and the light sensory field.Just because of these many application prospects, make the tunable technology of grating become the important component part of Fiber Bragg Grating technology, the emphasis of tunable technology research is: the tuning range of grating, wavelength control precision, response speed.
According to the fiber grating tuning principle, numerous tuning methods can be divided into the tuning and thermal tuning two big classes of strain.Wherein thermal tuning is to utilize resistance wire or coil heats fiber grating, change fiber grating refractive index and grating cycle, wherein variations in refractive index is main, thereby realizes that bragg wavelength is tuning, and this method is applicable to the occasion that some are gradual, major defect is that response speed is slow, tuning range is little (100 degree change 1nm) (Liao Yanbiao, fiber optics, publishing house of Tsing-Hua University, Beijing, 2000, pp.204).Strain is tuning to be to make grating cycle and refraction index changing by the stress that applies along optical grating axial, based on the grating cyclomorphosis, realizes that bragg wavelength is tuning, and this method can realize bigger tuning range and quicker response.Several tuning devices of realization strain commonly used comprise:
1, mechanical axial compression or stretching device: this device comprises a fiber grating, stationary platform and a motor-driven mobile platform and a base plate.Stationary platform and mobile platform all are installed on the base plate, and the two ends of fiber grating are separately fixed on stationary platform and the mobile platform.The displacement of mobile platform produces axial tension or compression to fiber grating under the driving of motor, realizes tuning.(squash type of single-frequency fiber-grating laser is tuning for Ball G A, Morey W W., optics letter, 1994,19 (23): 1979～1981); This device advantage is that tuning range is big, is not broken the tuning amount that can realize down more than the 10nm at fiber grating, and shortcoming is that tuning response speed is slow, is not suitable for quick application scenario;
2, magnetostrictive tuning device: this device comprises: fiber grating, one section magnetostriction materials and solenoid.Fiber grating sticks on the magnetostriction materials side, the solenoid cover outside, the magnetic field of portion's generation in coil made magnetostriction materials produce deformation when electric current flow through the coil upper conductor, fiber grating obtains tuning (Arce-Diego J L, Lopez-Ruisanchez R, Lopez-Higuera J M. etc., magnetic field tunable fiber grating filter, optics letter, 1997,22 (9): 603～605).Advantage is to realize quick response, and shortcoming is that tuning amount is little, and the nonlinear relationship in electric current and magnetic field is brought tuning non-linear;
3, piezoelectric ceramics tuner: this device comprises a fiber grating, piezoelectric ceramics and the fixing base of piezoelectric ceramics.Fiber grating is bonded at the piezoelectric ceramics surface, piezoelectric ceramics is fixed on the base, and the voltage that applies on the piezoelectric ceramics makes its elongation or compression, realizes the tuning (people such as J.J.Pan of fiber grating, " utilize the fiber grating-stabilized WDM LASER Light Source of sealed package ", Chinese photon meeting in 1996).This tuner advantage is to realize higher control accuracy, and it also is the fastest comparing tuned speed with other several tuning methods, can realize quick response, compare with magnetic tuning in addition non-linear also little, but the major defect of this method has:
(1) elongation of piezoelectric ceramics is less, and maximum also have only tens micron, so corresponding fiber grating tuning scope less (not enough 1nm).And fiber grating directly sticked at the piezoelectric ceramics surface, because piezoelectric ceramics is longer, and grating is shorter, so just can not make full use of whole deformation quantities of piezoelectric ceramics.
(2) fiber grating directly is bonded at the piezoelectric ceramics surface, glue is smeared inhomogeneous and the inhomogeneous fiber grating that all can cause of the strain of piezoelectric ceramics own is warbled, that is to say that stress distribution is inhomogeneous vertically in grating inside, because strain causes refraction index changing, so originally the index distribution of fiber grating is changed, its transmission spectrum or reflectance spectrum distortion.
(3) some application needs of laser instrument frequency stabilization and light sensing technology carry out direct current and ac modulation to fiber grating.Be bonded at the structure on piezoelectric ceramics surface for fiber grating, the AC and DC signal demand is realized stack by circuit, remakes and uses on the piezoelectric ceramics.But its electric capacity of the piezoelectric ceramics of general big stroke is big (can reach μ F magnitude), and AC impedance is too little like this, and the AC signal output amplitude is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art, design a kind of optical fiber grating tuner, adopt a kind of bridge architecture of novelty, make it have the elongation that can make full use of piezoelectric ceramics, make fiber grating obtain whole deformation quantities of piezoelectric ceramics, and grating itself is unsettled, does not have and can introduce the characteristics of warbling; Further, also can carry out direct current and ac modulation to fiber grating simultaneously, make it obtain the application of wider model by a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics unitized constructions.
A kind of optical fiber grating tuner of the present invention's design comprises a fiber grating and piezoelectric ceramics, also comprises two brace summers; Said piezoelectric ceramics is made up of the piezoelectric ceramics of a big elongation, the piezoelectric ceramics of a little elongation; The fiber grating two ends are connected brace summer transverse arm end face, and two piezoelectric ceramics link together, and integrant piezoelectric ceramics two ends are connected with the perpendicular arm of brace summer, make unsettled the placing on this piezoelectric ceramics of fiber grating itself form bridge architecture.
The brace summer of said structure can be down L shaped shape, and the centre of this brace summer end face can have the locating slot of fixed fiber position.
Direct current and AC signal can be loaded respectively on the piezoelectric ceramics of said big elongation and the piezoelectric ceramics of little elongation, the wavelength tuning and the modulation of fiber grating bragg wavelength can be realized simultaneously.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
1. utilize simple deformation quantity transferring structure to increase the scope of piezoelectric ceramics tunable fiber grating wavelength, make full use of the deformation quantity of piezoelectric ceramics.Specify as follows:
If the fiber grating cycle is Λ, grating length is 1, and the fiber grating bragg wavelength is λ
B, piezoelectric ceramics length is L, the piezoelectric ceramics elongation is Δ L, if directly fiber grating is sticked at the then tuning amount of fiber grating bragg wavelength of piezoelectric ceramics surface
If adopt bridge architecture of the present invention, then the tuning amount of fiber grating is
So
Both the tuning amount of the grating of the tuner of bridge architecture be original device L/l doubly.
2. because this structure of the present invention makes the unsettled setting of fiber grating itself, can guarantee grating uniform internal stress when fiber grating is stretched, can not produce fiber grating and warble.
3. structure of the present invention can bond together a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics, and jointly to the fiber grating stress application, the deformation quantity of each piezoelectric ceramics that can add up has easily like this been expanded the scope of piezoelectric ceramics tunable fiber grating bragg wavelength.
4. utilize the unitized construction of two piezoelectric ceramics to carry out direct current and ac modulation to fiber grating simultaneously outward.Direct current and alternating voltage both on two piezoelectric ceramics, had been loaded respectively, direct current signal acts on the piezoelectric ceramics of big stroke, AC signal acts on the little piezoelectric ceramics (electric capacity is little), realize fiber grating direct current and ac modulation, interchange, direct current signal separately also make circuit design obtain simplifying simultaneously, have overcome the shortcoming of way in the past.
5. this piezoelectric ceramics can be widely used on the various fiber bragg grating devices the tuner of fiber grating tuning, as road device, multiplexing and demodulation multiplexer, tuned filter and fiber grating external cavity laser about the optical wavelength, numerous purposes are also arranged in the optical fiber grating sensing field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is optical fiber grating tuner embodiment 1 structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a fiber grating bragg wavelengths of the present invention
BEmpirical curve with the making alive V of piezoelectric ceramics institute.
Fig. 3 is optical fiber grating tuner embodiment 2 structural representations of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is optical fiber grating tuner embodiment 2 structural representations of the present invention.
Embodiment
Three kinds of optical fiber grating tuner example structure of the present invention's design are described with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:
Embodiment 1 structure as shown in Figure 1, device comprises 11, one piezoelectric ceramics 12 of a fiber grating and firm banking (not shown), two brace summers 131,132.The length of fiber grating is 10mm, and the fiber grating bragg wavelength is 1530nm; The piezoelectric ceramics total length is 50mm, diameter 10mm, and the piezoelectric ceramics elongation is 7 μ m during voltage 100V; Each brace summer is made down L shaped shape with the steel disc of thick 1mm, the long 20mm of beam transverse arm, and beam erects brachium 12mm, deck-siding 5mm, but the centre of brace summer transverse arm end face has the dark locating slot fixed fiber position of 0.2mm; At brace summer transverse arm end face, piezoelectric ceramics is also bonding with epoxy resin and the perpendicular arm of brace summer with adhering with epoxy resin at the fiber grating two ends.Piezoelectric ceramics powers on voltage rise when causing 100 volts, if directly fiber grating is sticked at the piezoelectric ceramics surface then the maximum tuning amount of fiber grating be 0.16nm, and the bridge architecture of present embodiment can obtain maximum tuning amount 0.8nm.Fig. 2 is fiber grating bragg wavelengths B among the embodiment 1 and the empirical curve of the making alive V of piezoelectric ceramics institute, empirical curve among the figure illustrates that the linear tuning characteristic of this structure is better, and utilizes spectrometer observation not find any fiber grating chirp phenomenon in tuning process.
Embodiment 2 structures as shown in Figure 3, device comprises a fiber grating 11, three piezoelectric ceramics 121,122,123, and two brace summers 131,132.Fiber grating length is 10mm, and the fiber grating bragg wavelength is 1530nm; Brace summer is made down L shaped shape with the steel of thick 1mm, the long 70mm of beam transverse arm, and beam erects brachium 12mm, deck-siding 5mm, but the centre of brace summer transverse arm end face has the dark locating slot fixed fiber position of 0.2mm; At brace summer transverse arm end face, three piezoelectric ceramics link together with epoxy resin with adhering with epoxy resin at the fiber grating two ends, and integrant two ends are also bonding with epoxy resin and the perpendicular arm of brace summer.Three piezoelectric ceramics are connected in parallel during making alive, and the tuning amount of fiber grating reaches 2.3nm when recording voltage and being 100 volts, like this same electrical depress the fiber grating tuning amount that obtains be three times of embodiment 1 structure.As seen this way has further enlarged the tuning range of bridge architecture, and this also is an advantage of this structure.
Embodiment 3 structures as shown in Figure 4, device comprises the piezoelectric ceramics 124 of a fiber grating 11, a big elongation, piezoelectric ceramics 125 and two brace summers 131,132 of a little elongation.Used fiber grating length is 10mm, and the fiber grating bragg wavelength is 1530nm; Big elongation piezoelectric ceramics length is 50mm, diameter 10m, and the piezoelectric ceramics elongation is 7 μ m during voltage 100V; The piezoelectric ceramics length of little elongation is 10mm, diameter 10mm, and elongation is 2 μ m during voltage 100V; Brace summer is made down L shaped shape with the steel disc of thick 1mm, the long 25mm of beam transverse arm, and beam erects brachium 12mm, deck-siding 5mm, but the centre of brace summer transverse arm end face has the dark locating slot fixed fiber position of 0.2mm; At brace summer transverse arm end face, two piezoelectric ceramics link together with epoxy resin with adhering with epoxy resin at the fiber grating two ends, and integrant two ends are also bonding with epoxy resin and the perpendicular arm of brace summer.
Adopt the present embodiment structure, DC voltage can be carried on the big elongation piezoelectric ceramics, be used for fiber grating tuning.The 1KHz AC signal is carried on the little elongation piezoelectric ceramics, can obtain the fiber grating modulation.Its DC voltage is tuning the same with embodiment 1, and the fiber grating frequency modulation (PFM) amplitude that used 1 volt of AC signal obtains in the ac modulation is 125MHz.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of optical fiber grating tuner comprises a fiber grating (11) and piezoelectric ceramics, it is characterized in that, also comprises two brace summers (131,132); Said piezoelectric ceramics is made up of the piezoelectric ceramics (125) of the piezoelectric ceramics (124) of a big elongation, a little elongation; The fiber grating two ends are connected brace summer transverse arm end face, and two piezoelectric ceramics link together, and integrant piezoelectric ceramics two ends are connected with the perpendicular arm of brace summer, make unsettled the placing on this piezoelectric ceramics of fiber grating itself form bridge architecture.
2, optical fiber grating tuner as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said brace summer is for falling L shaped shape, and the centre of this brace summer end face has the locating slot of fixed fiber position.
3, optical fiber grating tuner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, load direct current and AC signal respectively on the piezoelectric ceramics of said big elongation and the piezoelectric ceramics of little elongation, with wavelength tuning and the modulation that realizes the fiber grating bragg wavelength simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 01136576 CN1131455C (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2001-10-19 | Optical fiber grating tuner |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 01136576 CN1131455C (en) | 2001-10-19 | 2001-10-19 | Optical fiber grating tuner |
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| CN1131455C true CN1131455C (en) | 2003-12-17 |
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| CN102636288B (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-02 | 南昌航空大学 | Triangular encapsulation method of fiber grating sensor |
| CN104423031A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-03-18 | 清华大学 | Grating deformation driving mechanism and manufacturing method thereof |
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