CN113145418A - Preparation method of super-hydrophobic material and super-hydrophobic material - Google Patents

Preparation method of super-hydrophobic material and super-hydrophobic material Download PDF

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CN113145418A
CN113145418A CN202010013961.1A CN202010013961A CN113145418A CN 113145418 A CN113145418 A CN 113145418A CN 202010013961 A CN202010013961 A CN 202010013961A CN 113145418 A CN113145418 A CN 113145418A
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substrate
super
columnar
minutes
hydrophobic material
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余春浩
彭佳佳
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Petrochina Central Asia Natural Gas Pipeline Co ltd
China National Petroleum Corp
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Petrochina Central Asia Natural Gas Pipeline Co ltd
China National Petroleum Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/002—Pretreatement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2203/00—Other substrates
    • B05D2203/30—Other inorganic substrates, e.g. ceramics, silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2350/00—Pretreatment of the substrate
    • B05D2350/30—Change of the surface
    • B05D2350/33—Roughening
    • B05D2350/35—Roughening by chemical means

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Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material and the super-hydrophobic material, belonging to the field of super-hydrophobic materials. The method comprises the steps of etching the surface of a substrate to obtain the substrate with a columnar micron structure; sequentially cleaning the substrate with the columnar microstructure by using a cleaning agent and deionized water; drying the cleaned substrate with the columnar microstructure at a first preset temperature for a first preset time; soaking the dried substrate with the columnar microstructure in a nano solution for a second preset time; drying the soaked substrate with the columnar microstructure at a second preset temperature for a third preset time; and cooling the soaked and dried substrate with the columnar micron structure to a third preset temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic material. The method for preparing the super-hydrophobic material has the advantages of stable composite structure and wide application range, is simple, has low cost, and can be suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Preparation method of super-hydrophobic material and super-hydrophobic material
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of super-hydrophobic materials, in particular to a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material and the super-hydrophobic material.
Background
In recent years, super-hydrophobic materials develop rapidly, and have great application value in the fields of waterproof and antifouling, micro-flow, biomedicine, corrosion prevention, novel drag reduction materials and the like. The principle of the super-hydrophobic property of the super-hydrophobic material is similar to that of the lotus leaf surface: the lotus leaf surface has many micron order mastoids, and has a lot of nanostructures on every mastoid, and the micro-nano composite structure on lotus leaf surface causes the surface unevenness, and the micro-nano composite structure on lotus leaf surface clearance is stored a large amount of air, when the water droplet falls to lotus leaf surface, because the combined action of air bed, mastoid and wax layer for the water droplet can not permeate lotus leaf inside and show super hydrophobic property. Based on the principle that the hydrophobic property of the lotus leaf surface is the same as that of the lotus leaf surface, the super-hydrophobic material can automatically clean places needing to be kept clean and can be placed on the metal surface to prevent external corrosion.
At present, researchers prepare superhydrophobic materials by preparing a series of shape-controllable rough surfaces with micro-nano structures through technologies such as electrostatic spinning, electro-corrosion, a template method and the like, and then performing surface modification on the rough surfaces with the micro-nano structures by using low-surface-energy substances (silicon or fluorine) to obtain the superhydrophobic materials with different shapes and different hydrophobic properties.
However, the composite structure of the superhydrophobic material obtained by the preparation process is unstable and is easily damaged, so that the superhydrophobic performance is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic material and the super-hydrophobic material, which can solve the problem that the composite structure of the super-hydrophobic material prepared in the related technology is unstable. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a superhydrophobic material, the method including:
etching the surface of the substrate to obtain a substrate with a columnar micron structure;
sequentially cleaning the substrate with the columnar microstructure by using a cleaning agent and deionized water;
drying the cleaned substrate with the columnar microstructure at a first preset temperature for a first preset time;
soaking the dried substrate with the columnar microstructure in a nano solution for a second preset time;
drying the soaked substrate with the columnar microstructure at a second preset temperature for a third preset time;
and cooling the soaked and dried substrate with the columnar micron structure to a third preset temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic material.
Optionally, the cleaning agent is acetone or ethanol.
Optionally, the first preset temperature is 80-150 ℃; the first preset time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
Optionally, the second predetermined time is 15 minutes to 30 minutes.
Optionally, the second preset temperature is 80 ℃ to 150 ℃.
Optionally, the third predetermined time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
Optionally, the third preset temperature is 10 ℃ to 25 ℃.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a superhydrophobic material, the material comprising: a substrate and a nanocoating attached to the substrate.
Optionally, the substrate is a silicon wafer, an aluminum sheet or a copper sheet.
Optionally, the nano-coating comprises the following components in mass fraction: 85% -90% of isopropanol, 0.1% -3% of silicon dioxide and 10% -15% of liquefied petroleum gas.
The technical scheme provided by the application can at least bring the following beneficial effects:
through etching on the surface of the substrate, a columnar micro structure can be formed on the surface of the substrate, and then the etched substrate is sequentially cleaned by using a cleaning agent and deionized water, so that substrate scraps remained between the columnar micro structures can be removed, and the nano solution is prevented from being polluted when the substrate is soaked in the nano solution. And then drying the cleaned substrate, so that the surface of the substrate has no residues of the cleaning agent and the deionized water, and the cleaning agent and the deionized water are prevented from polluting the nano solution. And soaking the dried substrate in the nano solution to enable the nano solution to be attached to the surface of the substrate, and then drying to obtain a nano coating, namely a nano structure, on the surface of the substrate, so that a layer of nano structure can be formed on the etched micro structure. Because the particle size difference exists between the micro-structure and the nano-structure, a concave-convex structure similar to lotus leaves can be formed on the surface of the substrate, and a rough microstructure can be formed on the surface of the substrate through the composition of the micro-structure and the nano-structure. In addition, the nano solution also has low surface energy, so that a nano coating with low surface energy can be coated on the rough microstructure by soaking the nano solution. Thus, the super-hydrophobic material can be obtained by a dual method of forming a rough microstructure on a substrate and coating a low-surface-energy nano-coating on the rough microstructure. The coarse microstructure in the super-hydrophobic material prepared by the method is stable in structure and strong in super-hydrophobic performance, so that the super-hydrophobic material is wide in application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a superhydrophobic material provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of the liquid drops on the surfaces of an aluminum block with a super-hydrophobic structure and a common aluminum block provided by the embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a droplet morphology diagram of a droplet on a surface of a superhydrophobic silicon wafer according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The superhydrophobic property is defined according to the Contact Angle (CA) theta and the Sliding Angle (SA) alpha of a liquid drop to the surface of a solid, and the material is generally called to have the superhydrophobic property when theta is greater than 150 degrees and alpha is less than 10 degrees.
When scientists find that lotus leaves in nature can keep the surface clean, namely dew can freely roll off the lotus leaves, so as to put forward the lotus leaf effect, researchers study the phenomenon as much as they come down. Finally, researchers found that the "lotus effect", i.e., self-cleaning property, of lotus leaf surfaces was related to the micro-nano structure and hydrophobic waxy substance on the lotus leaf surfaces. Under ESEM (Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope, ESEM for short), a plurality of micron-sized mastoids are observed on the surface of the lotus leaf, and each mastoid has a plurality of nano-structures. Since then, after a researcher finds an idea for designing the surface of the superhydrophobic material through lotus leaves (having a micro-nano composite mastoid structure), water flies (having a nano cone and groove composite structure), and the like in nature, the researcher starts to pay attention to and prepare the superhydrophobic material, wherein the research on the superhydrophobic material mainly focuses on how to improve the hydrophobic property of the surface of the superhydrophobic material through the existing technology.
The preparation of the super-hydrophobic material is mainly started from two aspects: on one hand, the surface energy of the solid surface is reduced by attaching a coating of a low-surface-energy substance material on the solid surface; on the other hand, a micro-nano composite structure is constructed on the surface of the material, and the roughness of the surface of the material is changed. Up to now, there are many methods for preparing superhydrophobic materials, and the methods mainly used are solution-gel method, etching method, layer-by-layer assembly method and electrospinning method. However, the preparation processes of the methods are complex, the coarse microstructure in the prepared super-hydrophobic material is unstable in structure, the super-hydrophobic property is poor, the processing equipment is expensive, the processing cost is high, and the large-scale production is not facilitated.
CN102423755A introduces a method for constructing a nanotube-shaped superhydrophobic structure on a zinc sheet surface, in which the method comprises etching the zinc sheet surface to construct a nanotube-shaped structure on the zinc sheet surface, forming a micro-nano composite structure on the zinc sheet surface, and then immersing the zinc sheet with the micro-nano composite structure formed on the surface in an ethanol solution containing 12-hydroxystearic acid. Because the ethanol solution containing 12-hydroxystearic acid can provide an acidic environment for the zinc sheet, zinc contained in the zinc sheet can be oxidized to generate divalent zinc ions, the zinc ions can quickly generate a coordination reaction with the 12-hydroxystearic acid to generate zinc 12-hydroxystearate, and a film can be generated on the zinc sheet, and the film can be attached on the zinc sheet to reduce the surface energy of the zinc sheet, so that the zinc sheet has super-hydrophobicity.
CN104802488A introduces a super-hydrophobic coating with a hierarchical coarse structure for oil-water separation, a super-hydrophobic material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method is to use Si0 with negative charges2The spherical nano-particles and the positively charged polyelectrolyte are alternately adsorbed, and the polyelectrolyte and Si0 are electrostatically acted2The spherical nano particles are alternately self-assembled on the surface of the porous substrate, so that SiO is formed on the surface of the porous substrate2Spherical nano particles and micron-sized meshes form a hierarchical coarse structure with two sizes of gaps. And then modifying the low-surface-energy substance on the hierarchical coarse structure by a gas-phase or liquid-phase immersion method, thereby obtaining the super-hydrophobic material.
The super-hydrophobic material that this application provided unites two into one the preparation theory of above-mentioned preparation super-hydrophobic material, is treating the substrate surface promptly and has obtained the coarse microstructure after again at the substrate surface coating one deck low surface energy material that has the coarse microstructure, and the coarse microstructure of the super-hydrophobic material that obtains like this is stable and hydrophobic effect is better. In addition, the coating of the low-surface-energy substance material is attached to the surface of the substrate in the application, only the weight of particles contained in the coating solution is utilized, namely, a layer of low-surface-energy substance is attached to the surface of the substrate by adopting a gravity sedimentation method, and a micro-nano composite structure can be formed on the surface of the substrate after the layer of low-surface-energy substance is attached. Compared with the related technologies, the method adopted by the application does not involve chemical reaction, the process is simpler, quicker and more convenient, and the prepared super-hydrophobic material has stable hydrophobic performance.
In the above related art, the method for etching the substrate is not described in detail, and the influence of the structure formed after etching on the superhydrophobic property is not considered. When the height of the columnar microstructures is fixed, the larger the ratio of the distance between two adjacent columnar microstructures to the width of the columnar microstructures is, the better the hydrophobic property of the superhydrophobic material is. Therefore, the height of the columnar micro structure formed after etching is limited by limiting the etching condition, and therefore, by changing the width of the columnar micro structure and the distance between two adjacent columnar micro structures, the super-hydrophobic materials with different hydrophobic properties can be prepared more simply, and the prepared super-hydrophobic materials can also have better hydrophobic properties.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing a superhydrophobic material. Referring to fig. 1, the method includes:
step 101: and etching the surface of the substrate to obtain the substrate with the columnar microstructure.
It should be noted that there are many ways to etch the substrate, as long as it is ensured that the columnar microstructure is obtained on the substrate. For example, the etching may be laser etching, plasma etching, ion milling etching, or reactive ion etching, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application. As an example, laser etching may be preferred in embodiments of the present application. The laser etching is a non-contact processing mode by utilizing laser, the processing speed is high, the noise is low, the heat affected zone is small, and the size precision and the processing quality formed after the etching and the cutting are high.
It should be noted that, the etching techniques adopted in the embodiments of the present application are flexible, and different etching techniques may be selected for different substrates. For example, when the substrate is a silicon wafer, laser etching can be adopted; when the substrate is a metal material such as an aluminum or copper sheet, reactive ion etching may be employed.
It should be noted that, since the etching speed and the etching width can be determined according to the wavelength of the laser and the pulse frequency of the laser set during the laser etching, the width of the columnar microstructure can be preset according to the use requirement, for example, the width can be between 2 μm (micrometer) and 20 μm (micrometer), as long as the width of the columnar microstructure is ensured to be in the micrometer level. Illustratively, the width may be 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 20 μm, or the like. The distance between two adjacent pillar-shaped microstructures can be preset according to the use requirement, for example, the distance can be between 1 μm and 30 μm. Illustratively, the pitch may be 1 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 12 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 30 μm, or the like.
It is worth noting that different microstructures can be obtained by changing the width of the columnar microstructure and the distance between two adjacent columnar microstructures, and therefore super-hydrophobic materials with different hydrophobic properties can be obtained.
Step 102: and sequentially cleaning the substrate with the columnar microstructure by using a cleaning agent and deionized water.
The cleaning agent is used for cleaning the substrate with the columnar microstructure after etching, so that substrate fragments formed by etching cannot be remained on the substrate with the columnar microstructure after etching. In the present embodiment, the cleaning agent may be acetone or ethanol. Acetone or ethanol has certain viscosity, so that residual substrate powder in the substrate with the columnar microstructure after etching and impurities attached to the surface of the substrate can be adhered out, and the pollution degree of the surface of the substrate with the columnar microstructure after etching can be ensured to be lower, so that the pollution degree is in a controllable and acceptable range.
It should be noted that the cleaning in the above process can be realized by arranging an ultrasonic oscillation cleaner filled with a cleaning agent, and the cleaning in the above process can also be realized by manually wiping the cleaning agent with a dust-free cloth.
It is noted that in the embodiment of the present application, acetone alone may be used to clean the substrate having the pillar-shaped microstructure after etching; the substrate with the columnar microstructure after etching can also be cleaned by sequentially using acetone and ethanol.
Step 103: and drying the cleaned substrate with the columnar microstructure at a first preset temperature for a first preset time.
The first predetermined temperature is 80 ℃ to 150 ℃, for example, the first predetermined temperature may be 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃ or 150 ℃.
The first preset time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes, for example, the first preset time may be 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, or the like.
It should be noted that the drying in the above process can be realized by arranging an oven, a vacuum oven or a drying oven. For example, an oven may be set and the temperature of the oven set to 150 ℃, and then the cleaned substrate having the columnar microstructure may be placed in the oven to be dried for 10 minutes.
Step 104: and soaking the dried substrate with the columnar microstructure in the nano solution for a second preset time.
The second preset time is 15 minutes to 30 minutes, for example, the second preset time may be 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, or the like.
Step 105: and drying the soaked substrate with the columnar microstructure at a second preset temperature for a third preset time.
The second predetermined temperature is 80 ℃ to 150 ℃, for example, the second predetermined temperature may be 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃ or 150 ℃.
The third preset time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes, for example, the third preset time may be 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, or the like.
Step 106: and cooling the soaked and dried substrate with the columnar microstructure to a third preset temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic material.
The third preset temperature is 10 ℃ to 25 ℃, for example, the third preset temperature may be 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃ or 25 ℃.
It should be noted that the drying process in steps 105 and 106 can be implemented by arranging an oven, a vacuum oven or a drying oven. For example, a vacuum oven may be provided, the temperature of the vacuum oven is set to 150 ℃, and then the substrate having the columnar microstructure after being soaked in the nano solution is placed in the vacuum oven to be dried for 20 minutes.
In the embodiment of the application, the columnar microstructure can be formed on the surface of the substrate by etching the surface of the substrate, and then the etched substrate is sequentially cleaned by using a cleaning agent and deionized water, so that the substrate powder remained between the columnar microstructure can be removed, and the nano solution is not polluted when the substrate is soaked in the nano solution. And then drying the cleaned substrate, so that the surface of the substrate has no residues of the cleaning agent and the deionized water, and the cleaning agent and the deionized water are prevented from polluting the nano solution. And soaking the dried substrate in the nano solution to enable the nano solution to be attached to the surface of the substrate, and then drying to obtain a nano coating, namely a nano structure, on the surface of the substrate, so that a layer of nano structure can be formed on the etched micro structure. Because the particle size difference exists between the micro-structure and the nano-structure, a concave-convex structure similar to lotus leaves can be formed on the surface of the substrate, and a rough microstructure can be formed on the surface of the substrate through the composition of the micro-structure and the nano-structure. In addition, the nano solution also has low surface energy, so that a nano coating with low surface energy can be coated on the rough microstructure by soaking the nano solution. Thus, the super-hydrophobic material can be obtained by a dual method of forming a rough microstructure on a substrate and coating a low-surface-energy nano-coating on the rough microstructure. The coarse microstructure in the super-hydrophobic material prepared by the method is stable in structure and strong in super-hydrophobic performance, so that the super-hydrophobic material is wide in application range. The coarse microstructure in the super-hydrophobic material prepared by the method has a stable structure, so that the super-hydrophobic material has a wide application range, and the preparation process of the super-hydrophobic material is simple to operate, has low preparation cost and can be carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, so that the super-hydrophobic material is suitable for large-scale production.
In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a superhydrophobic material, which is prepared by the above method, and comprises: a substrate and a nanocoating attached to the substrate.
The substrate is a material that serves as a support in the superhydrophobic material. The material of the base material can be preset according to the use requirement. For example, the substrate may be a silicon wafer, an aluminum sheet, a copper sheet, or the like, which is not particularly limited in this application. Preferably, the substrate may be a silicon wafer having a purity of 98%.
It is to be noted that, because the substrate in the superhydrophobic material provided in the embodiment of the present application may be an inorganic non-metallic material such as a silicon wafer, or may also be a metal material such as an aluminum sheet or a copper sheet, the superhydrophobic material provided in the embodiment of the present application has a wider application range.
The nano coating is formed by immersing the substrate in a nano solution and adhering the substrate to the surface. The nano coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 85% -90% of isopropanol, 0.1% -3% of silicon dioxide and 10% -15% of liquefied petroleum gas. For example, the mass fraction of isopropyl alcohol may be 85%, 87%, or 90%, etc., the mass fraction of silica may be 0.1%, 0.8%, 1.6%, 2.3%, or 3%, etc., and the mass fraction of liquefied petroleum gas may be 10%, 12%, or 15%, etc.
Wherein the isopropanol can be freely mixed with water, and has stronger solubility to lipophilic substances than ethanol. The surface energy of the nanocoating can be reduced by isopropanol, which can make the nanocoating spread better on the substrate. Silica is a low surface energy material, and the particle radius of silica is large, so that the nano coating has low surface energy and the roughness of the nano coating is increased through the silica. The liquefied petroleum gas can be used as a solvent to dissolve the isopropanol and the silicon dioxide, so that the isopropanol and the silicon dioxide are uniformly dispersed in the nano coating.
In the embodiment of the present application, the surface of the substrate is a rough microstructure formed by combining a microstructure and a nanostructure, so that the roughness of the surface of the substrate is higher, and the surface energy of the substrate attached with a layer of nano coating is lower because the surface energy of the nano coating is lower. The super-hydrophobic material with stable hydrophobic property can be obtained through the two points, and the obtained super-hydrophobic material is tested, and the contact angle is larger than 145 degrees, and the rolling angle is between 1 and 10 degrees, so that the obtained super-hydrophobic material has good hydrophobic property.
This will be explained in detail below by means of alternative embodiments.
An aluminum block with the length of 4cm (centimeter) and the width of 2cm is put into an ultrasonic cleaning machine filled with deionized water to be cleaned for 15 minutes and then put into an oven to be dried for 10 minutes, wherein the temperature of the oven is set to be 150 ℃. And Etching the processed aluminum block by using a Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) Reactive Ion etcher (product code is FA2000) to obtain a series of columnar micron structures. And cleaning residues on the surface of the etched aluminum block by using acetone, cleaning the etched aluminum block by using deionized water again, and drying the cleaned etched aluminum block in a drying oven for 10 minutes, wherein the temperature of the drying oven is 150 ℃. And finally, putting the etched aluminum block into the nano solution, soaking for 30 minutes, taking out, and putting into an oven again to dry for 10 minutes. Thus, the super-hydrophobic material provided in the examples of the present application is obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, the surface of the superhydrophobic material prepared in the example of the present application has a static contact angle CA of 151.2 ° and a rolling angle SA of 8.4 °. The prepared super-hydrophobic material is tested, and the super-hydrophobic material prepared by the method disclosed by the embodiment of the application has good super-hydrophobic performance and is more stable than the super-hydrophobic material prepared by the method provided by the related technology. Can be produced in large scale.
A silicon wafer (with the purity of 98%) with the length of 4cm and the width of 2cm is put into an ultrasonic cleaning machine filled with deionized water to be cleaned for 15 minutes and then put into an oven to be dried for 10 minutes, wherein the temperature of the oven is set to be 150 ℃. And etching the processed silicon wafer by using an RIE reactive ion etching machine (the product code is FA2000) to obtain a series of columnar micron structures. And cleaning residues on the surface of the etched silicon wafer by using acetone, cleaning the etched silicon wafer by using deionized water again, and drying the cleaned etched silicon wafer in an oven for 10 minutes, wherein the temperature of the oven is 150 ℃. And finally, putting the etched silicon wafer into the nano solution, soaking for 30 minutes, taking out, and putting into the oven again to dry for 10 minutes. Thus, the super-hydrophobic material provided in the examples of the present application is obtained.
As shown in fig. 3, the surface of the superhydrophobic material prepared in the example of the application has a static contact angle CA of 153.2 ° and a rolling angle SA of 7.2 °. The prepared super-hydrophobic material is tested, and the super-hydrophobic material prepared in the embodiment of the application has good super-hydrophobic performance and is more stable than the super-hydrophobic material prepared in the method provided by the related technology. Can be produced in large scale.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a superhydrophobic material, the method comprising:
etching the surface of the substrate to obtain a substrate with a columnar micron structure;
sequentially cleaning the substrate with the columnar microstructure by using a cleaning agent and deionized water;
drying the cleaned substrate with the columnar microstructure at a first preset temperature for a first preset time;
soaking the dried substrate with the columnar microstructure in a nano solution for a second preset time;
drying the soaked substrate with the columnar microstructure at a second preset temperature for a third preset time;
and cooling the soaked and dried substrate with the columnar micron structure to a third preset temperature to obtain the super-hydrophobic material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cleaning agent is acetone or ethanol.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined temperature is 80 ℃ to 150 ℃; the first preset time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined time is 15 minutes to 30 minutes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined temperature is 80 ℃ to 150 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the third predetermined time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the third predetermined temperature is in the range of 10 ℃ to 25 ℃.
8. A superhydrophobic material, comprising: a substrate and a nanocoating attached to the substrate.
9. The material of claim 8, wherein the substrate is a silicon wafer, an aluminum sheet, or a copper sheet.
10. The material of claim 8, wherein the nanocoating comprises the following components in mass fraction: 85% -90% of isopropanol, 0.1% -3% of silicon dioxide and 10% -15% of liquefied petroleum gas.
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