CN113144169A - Xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide and application thereof - Google Patents
Xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113144169A CN113144169A CN202110215367.5A CN202110215367A CN113144169A CN 113144169 A CN113144169 A CN 113144169A CN 202110215367 A CN202110215367 A CN 202110215367A CN 113144169 A CN113144169 A CN 113144169A
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- xanthine oxidase
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/06—Tripeptides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/06—Antigout agents, e.g. antihyperuricemic or uricosuric agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide, the amino acid sequence of which is Glu-Glu-Lys (EEK). The xanthine oxidase inhibitor tripeptide EEK provided by the invention can be effectively combined with xanthine oxidase, and has a continuous and stable inhibition effect on the xanthine oxidase. IC for inhibitory activity of tripeptide EEK on xanthine oxidase50The value is 0.40mg/mL, and the product has the characteristics of safety, no toxic or side effect, good water solubility and the like, can be applied to medicines to reduce xanthine oxidase activity so as to achieve the purpose of controlling and treating gout, or can be used as a functional food additive for long-term health care treatment of gout patients. Has wide application prospect and very important significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bioactive peptides, and particularly relates to xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide and application thereof.
Background
Uric acid is the end product of human purine metabolism. Hyperuricemia results from overproduction and impaired excretion of uric acid. In recent years, the prevalence of hyperuricemia has been on the rise with the increase in the amount of high purine food intake. The long-term accumulation of hyperuricemia can lead to gout. Gout causes severe pain to the human body, and simultaneously, gout also causes complications such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and the like. Uric acid nephropathy is also associated with gout.
Xanthine oxidase is a liver enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine, which is subsequently oxidized to uric acid. Therefore, xanthine oxidase is an important molecular target for developing gout therapeutic drugs. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol and febuxostat) are widely used in the treatment of gout. However, many xanthine oxidase inhibitors have poor therapeutic effects on gout flares, and even have certain side effects. For example: allopurinol is commonly used to treat intermittent or chronic gout, but has no effect on gout flares. Febuxostat is a more potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor than allopurinol, but it may cause liver dysfunction, leading to acute cardiovascular disease. Compared with chemical molecules, the food-derived bioactive peptide has the advantages of easy absorption, no toxicity, high bioactivity, high specificity, high permeability and the like. Therefore, the identification of xanthine oxidase inhibitors from food products has become a major method for treating gout.
The Chinese patent of the invention discloses a xanthine oxidase inhibiting peptide EEAK identified from tuna protein, IC of the xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity of the xanthine oxidase inhibiting peptide EEAK50The value was 0.58mg/mL (publication No. CN 111925412A, filing date 2020.09.09). The egg white protein is a high-quality bioactive peptide source. Ovalbumin-derived peptides have been shown to have hypotensive activity, antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, immunomodulatory activity and anti-adhesive properties. In addition, eggs are cheaper and more readily available as raw materials.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide and application thereof in preparing anti-ventilation medicines, so as to reduce xanthine oxidase activity to achieve the purpose of controlling and treating gout, or serve as a functional food additive for long-term health care and treatment of gout patients.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide, the amino acid sequence of which is Glu-Glu-Lys (EEK).
The xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide of the present invention has a good xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect and a half Inhibitory Concentration (IC) against xanthine oxidase50) It was 0.40 mg/mL.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) virtual gastrointestinal enzymolysis
The invention selects pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin to carry out simulated enzyme digestion on ovalbumin, ovomucoid and lysozyme sequences in egg white through ExPASy PeptideCPU, and obtains tripeptide, tetrapeptide and pentapeptide.
(2) Prediction of water solubility and toxicity.
The polypeptide sequence was subjected to water solubility prediction by the on-line tool peptide property calcutitor. The Ames mutagenicity, developmental toxicity and skin sensitization of the polypeptide are predicted through the toxicity prediction function of the Discovery Studio 2017 software, and the polypeptide with no toxicity and good water solubility is obtained through screening.
(3) Targeted screening
The crystal structure of xanthine oxidase (PDB ID: 3NVY) was obtained from the PDB database (http:// www.rcsb.org /), and was used as a protein target. The lower the score is, the higher the binding affinity and stability of the polypeptide and xanthine oxidase are, and the tripeptide EEK with potential xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity is obtained by screening by using a 'CDOCKER-ENERGY' value as an index.
(4) In vitro assay for xanthine oxidase inhibitory Activity
The in vitro inhibitory activity of the xanthine oxidase of the tripeptide EEK was verified by high performance liquid chromatography. The principle of the method is as follows: the xanthine oxidase catalyzes xanthine to generate uric acid, and the specific operation is as follows: the content of xanthine before and after the reaction is measured by high performance liquid chromatography, and further the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of tripeptide EEK is measured. Mixing xanthine oxidase solution 30 μ L (0.025U/ml) with tripeptide EEK 10 μ L, preheating in 37 deg.C constant temperature water bath for 10min, adding xanthine stock solution 30 μ L (5mmol/L), mixing thoroughly, reacting at 37 deg.C for 20min, and determining. Meanwhile, sodium phosphate (pH 7.4) buffer solution is used for replacing an inhibitor solution and an inhibitor, and a xanthine oxidase solution is used as a blank control group, and the reaction solution is directly analyzed by an HPLC system.
Chromatographic conditions are as follows: the column temperature was 31 deg.C, the flow rate was 0.5mL/min, the sample volume was 10. mu.L, the mobile phase was water-TFA (0.5%) and methanol 97: 3 isocratic elution, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm.
The inhibition of the EEK of the tripeptide at different concentrations was calculated using the following formula:
xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (%) - (A-B)/(C-B). times.100%
Wherein A is the peak area of the reaction in the presence of xanthine oxidase, xanthine and an enzymatic peptide sample; b is the peak area measured for the same volume of the enzymatic peptide sample replaced by buffer solution; c is the peak area measured for the same volume of the enzymatic peptide sample and xanthine oxidase replaced by buffer. IC (integrated circuit)50The values are defined as: inhibitor concentration that inhibits 50% xanthine oxidase activity under the assay conditions.
The results show that EEK has good xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, IC50The value was 0.40 mg/mL.
(5) Applications of
The xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide can be obtained by carrying out enzymolysis on egg albumin of eggs by using pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin and purifying by using a multidimensional chromatography (gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography and semi-preparative liquid chromatography); can also be realized by a solid-phase chemical synthesis method.
The form of the xanthine oxidase inhibiting peptide EEK of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, it is used by dissolving in water to prepare a liquid preparation, spray-drying to prepare a powder or granules, and freeze-drying or heat-drying to prepare a solid preparation.
Definition of xanthine oxidase activity: one unit (U) of xanthine oxidase activity was defined as the amount of enzyme required to catalyze the formation of 1mol of uric acid from xanthine at 37 ℃ per minute.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the tripeptide EEK with obvious xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity is screened from the ovalbumin for the first time, the structure of the tripeptide EEK is defined, and the additional value of eggs is improved.
(2) The tripeptide EEK is used as a functional component for medicines for treating gout or a functional food additive for long-term health care and treatment of gout patients, and has good potential and application prospect.
Drawings
The invention is illustrated in figure 2, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a 2D graph showing the docking results of peptide EEK with xanthine oxidase;
FIG. 2 is a 3D diagram of the docking results of peptide EEK with xanthine oxidase;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1 Targeted screening of xanthine oxidase inhibiting peptides
(1) Virtual gastrointestinal enzymolysis
Through the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website (https：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) Downloading ovalbumin (access of NCBI: AAB59956), ovomucoid (access of NCBI: ACJ0.4729 and XP — 0.212665.64), lysozyme (access of NCBI: AAB 31830). The above proteins were enzymatically cleaved with pepsin (EC 3.4.23.1), trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) and chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) by the ExPASYPeptidecutter program (http:// web. expasy. org/peptide _ cutter /). 62 tripeptides, tetrapeptides and pentapeptides were obtained (see FIG. 1).
FIG. 1 virtual enzymatic hydrolysis results for polypeptides
(2) Prediction of water solubility and toxicity.
Water solubility prediction was performed on 62 active peptides by the on-line tool peptide property calculator (http:// www.innovagen.com /). The Ames mutagenicity, developmental toxicity and skin sensitization of the polypeptides are predicted through the toxicity prediction function of Discovery Studio 2017 software, and the toxicity prediction result shows that all the polypeptides have no mutation, 4 polypeptides (SSSAN, ASR, PEY and QINSR) have developmental toxicity, and 4 polypeptides (GAK, PDAA, GNK and PDAV) have skin sensitization. 36 nontoxic polypeptides with good water solubility are obtained by screening.
(3) Targeted screening
The crystal structure of xanthine oxidase (PDB ID: 3NVY) was obtained from the PDB database (http:// www.rcsb.org /), and was used as a protein target. The lower the score is, the higher the binding affinity and stability of the polypeptide and the xanthine oxidase are, the tripeptide EEK with potential xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity is obtained by screening, and a molecular mechanism of interaction of the xanthine oxidase and the tripeptide EEK is explored. The results show that the tripeptide EEK has the lowest CDOCKER-ENERGY score (see Table 2).
Table 2. water solubility, polypeptide toxicity prediction and docking results with xanthine oxidase.
Molecular docking results indicate that the tripeptide EEK is capable of binding tightly to the key active site of xanthine oxidase (see fig. 1, 2). The tripeptide EEK forms a carbon-hydrogen bond with residues Phe1009(HA), Ser876(HB1, HB2) of xanthine oxidase, forms a salt bridge with residues Glu879(OE2), Glu802(OE1), forms a conventional hydrogen bond with residues His875(NE2), Arg880(HE, HH21), Thr1010(HG1), Asn768(HD22), and forms an electrostatic interaction with residues Glu879(OE2), Arg880(NH2), Glu802(OE1), Lys771 (NZ).
Furthermore, EEK is linked to xanthine oxidase via amino acid residues Lys771, Asn768, Ser876, Glu802, Thr1010, Arg880, Phe1009, His875, and Glu 879. Residues Glu802, Thr1010, Arg880 and Phe1009 play an important role in the binding of EEK to xanthine oxidase.
Example 2 measurement of the in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory Activity of the tripeptide EEK
The in vitro inhibitory activity of the xanthine oxidase of the tripeptide EEK is verified by high performance liquid chromatography, and the specific operations are as follows: taking 30 μ L (0.025U/ml) of xanthine oxidase solution, adding 10 μ L of tripeptide EEK, mixing well, preheating in a constant temperature water bath kettle at 37 ℃ for 10min, then adding 30 μ L (5mmol/L) of xanthine stock solution, mixing well, reacting at 37 ℃ for 20min, and then measuring. The reaction solution was analyzed by HPLC.
Chromatographic conditions are as follows: the column temperature was 31 deg.C, the flow rate was 0.5mL/min, the sample volume was 10. mu.L, the mobile phase was water-TFA (0.5%) and methanol 97: 3 isocratic elution, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm.
The inhibition of the EEK of the tripeptide at different concentrations was calculated using the following formula:
xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (%) - (A-B)/(C-B). times.100%
Wherein A is the peak area of the reaction in the presence of xanthine oxidase, xanthine and an enzymatic peptide sample; b is the peak area measured for the same volume of the enzymatic peptide sample replaced by buffer solution; c is the peak area measured for the same volume of the enzymatic peptide sample and xanthine oxidase replaced by buffer. IC (integrated circuit)50The values are defined as: inhibitor concentration that inhibits 50% xanthine oxidase activity under the assay conditions.
The results show that EEK has good xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, IC50The value was 0.40 mg/mL.
Example 3 use of xanthine oxidase inhibitor EEK
In actual production, the xanthine oxidase inhibitor EEK can be obtained by enzymolysis of egg albumin of eggs with pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin, and purification by multidimensional chromatography (gel filtration chromatography, affinity chromatography and semi-preparative liquid chromatography); can also be prepared by solid phase chemical synthesis method. The form is not particularly limited. For example, the preparation method can be used for preparing liquid medicines and health products by dissolving in water, or preparing tablets or granules by spray drying, or preparing solid preparations by freeze drying or heat drying.
Claims (1)
1. An application of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide in preparing anti-aeration medicine, wherein the amino acid sequence of the xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptide is Glu-Glu-Lys (EEK).
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| CN115385986B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2024-03-01 | 中国海洋大学 | Small molecule peptide with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and application thereof |
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