CN113141824A

CN113141824A - Air-aspiration type vegetable seed seeder based on venturi effect

Info

Publication number: CN113141824A
Application number: CN202110473702.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘峰; 周汝汝; 张海东; 王潺潺; 张宇乾; 张成尧; 姚应方; 周海俊
Original assignee: Yunnan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Yunnan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2021-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-29
Also published as: CN113141824B

Abstract

The invention relates to an air-aspiration type vegetable seed sowing machine based on a Venturi effect, belonging to the technical field of sowing devices; the seed sowing roller is mounted on the support through a bearing, a seed box with a discharge port corresponding to the seed sowing roller is mounted on the support, one end of the seed sowing roller is connected with a motor, the other end of the seed sowing roller is provided with a pneumatic device, a seed suction branch pipe communicated with the pneumatic device is arranged in the seed sowing roller, the seed suction branch pipe works through the pneumatic device, positive pressure and negative pressure can be alternately generated in the seed box, seeds in the seed box are sucked through the negative pressure, and the seeds are blown out for sowing after the positive pressure; after the pneumatic device works, positive pressure and negative pressure can be alternately generated at the seed suction port of the seed suction branch pipe, meanwhile, the seed suction port can suck seeds at the seed box position through the driving of the motor and blow out the seeds at the position corresponding to the hole tray, so that the sowing is completed once, the labor cost is saved, the working efficiency is improved, the missed sowing and the repeated sowing are reduced, and the sowing quality is improved.

Description

Air-aspiration type vegetable seed seeder based on venturi effect

Technical Field

The invention relates to an air-aspiration type vegetable seed sowing machine based on a Venturi effect, and belongs to the technical field of sowing devices.

Background

Vegetables are food necessary for people in daily life, and the development of vegetable production has great significance for improving the living standard of people. Vegetable seedling raising is an important link in vegetable production operation, and the traditional vegetable seedling raising mode cannot meet the economic needs of the modern market due to the defects of low quality, low productivity rate and the like. With the professional and large-scale operation of vegetable production, the application of the industrial seedling raising technology is more and more common, and the industrial seedling raising technology becomes the mainstream development trend of vegetable seedling raising. The modern industrialized vegetable seedling raising technology mostly adopts a hole tray as a seedling raising container, and a vegetable hole tray precision seeding device is the core equipment of industrialized seedling raising, so that the hole tray seeding device with good working performance is developed and has important significance for vegetable production in China.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, after the pneumatic device works, positive pressure and negative pressure can be alternately generated at the seed suction port of the seed suction branch pipe, meanwhile, the seed suction port can suck seeds at the seed box position through the driving of the motor, the seeds are blown out at the position corresponding to the hole tray, the sowing is completed once, the labor cost is saved, the working efficiency is improved, the missed sowing and the repeated sowing are reduced, and the sowing quality is improved.

In order to overcome the problems in the background art and solve the problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the seed sowing roller is installed on the support through a bearing, a seed box with a discharge port corresponding to the seed sowing roller is installed on the support, one end of the seed sowing roller is connected with a motor, the other end of the seed sowing roller is provided with a pneumatic device, the inside of the seed sowing roller is provided with a seed sucking branch pipe communicated with the pneumatic device, seed sucking ports are evenly distributed on the seed sucking branch pipe, positive pressure and negative pressure can be generated alternately at the position of the seed sucking port through the work of the pneumatic device, seeds in the seed box are sucked through the negative pressure, and the seeds are blown out for sowing after the positive pressure.

Preferably, the pneumatic device comprises an air compressor, an air blowing pipe, an air distribution device and a sealing bearing, the air blowing pipe is installed on an air outlet of the air compressor, the sealing bearing is installed at the tail end of the air blowing pipe, the air distribution device communicated with the air blowing pipe is sleeved on the air blowing pipe, and the seed suction distribution pipe is communicated with the air distribution device through an air inlet channel.

Preferably, both ends of the seed suction branch pipe are opened, seed suction ports are uniformly distributed on the seed suction branch pipe, circulation grooves with different diameters are formed in the seed suction branch pipe at two sides of the seed suction ports, the positions of the seed suction ports are along the gas circulation direction, and the diameter of the circulation groove behind the seed suction ports is larger than that of the circulation groove in front of the seed suction ports.

Preferably, the seed suction branch pipe comprises at least one seed suction unit, two ends of the seed suction unit are respectively provided with a groove to form a contraction section and a diffusion section, a throat is arranged between the contraction section and the diffusion section, the surface of the seed suction unit is provided with a seed suction port communicated with the throat, one side of the contraction section close to the throat is of a conical structure which is radially and gradually reduced, one side of the diffusion section close to the throat is of a conical structure which is radially and gradually enlarged, and adjacent seed suction branch pipes are connected through a splicing structure.

Preferably, the seed sowing roller comprises a cylinder body and a disc, the two ends of the cylinder body are opened, the disc is installed at the opening, a large hole of a pneumatic device used for being connected with a driving source or the disc is formed in the center of the disc, the large hole is uniformly distributed along the radial direction and used for installing small holes of a seed suction branch pipe, the two ends of the seed suction branch pipe are installed in the cylinder body in a butt joint mode with the small holes, a baffle plate capable of shielding the small holes is further installed on the support, gas can be blocked from flowing to the openings at the two ends through the baffle plate, and then the seeds are blown out from a seed suction port in a flowing mode.

Preferably, a vibrator for dispersing seeds is installed on the seed box.

Preferably, a brush for preventing seeds from leaking out from a gap between the seed sowing roller and the seed box is arranged between the seed box and the seed sowing roller.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

after the pneumatic device works, positive pressure and negative pressure can be alternately generated at the seed suction port of the seed suction branch pipe, meanwhile, the seed suction port can suck seeds at the seed box position through the driving of the motor and blow out the seeds at the position corresponding to the hole tray, so that the sowing is completed once, the labor cost is saved, the working efficiency is improved, the missed sowing and the repeated sowing are reduced, and the sowing quality is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a general structure diagram of the sowing wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a core structure diagram of the sowing wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is the internal structure of the sowing wheel of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a disk configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the baffle of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a view showing the structure of a seed suction manifold according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a structural view of a seed sucking branch pipe of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the case structure of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a seed-sucking device of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are: 1-seeding roller, 11-seed suction header pipe, 111-air suction pipe, 112-sealing bearing, 113-air separation device, 12-seed suction branch pipe, 121-seed suction port, 122-air inlet channel, 123-contraction section, 124-throat channel, 125-diffusion section, 13-disc, 131-large hole, 132-small hole, 14-baffle, 2-air blowing pipe, 3-air compressor, 4-bracket, 5-seed box, 51-seed box fixing piece, 6-vibrator, 7-speed reduction motor, 71-transmission driving wheel, 8-bearing seat, 9-transmission driven wheel and 10-rotating shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.

As shown in fig. 1-10, the sowing roller 1 is mounted on the support 4 through a bearing, the support 4 is provided with a seed box 5 with a discharge port corresponding to the sowing roller 1, one end of the sowing roller 1 is connected with the motor 7, the other end is provided with a pneumatic device, a seed suction branch pipe 12 communicated with the pneumatic device is arranged inside the sowing roller 1, seed suction ports 121 are uniformly distributed on the seed suction branch pipe 12, positive pressure and negative pressure can be alternately generated at the position of the seed suction port 121 through the work of the pneumatic device, seeds in the seed box 5 are sucked through the negative pressure, and the seeds are blown out for sowing after the positive pressure.

The pneumatic device comprises an air compressor 3, an air blowing pipe 2, an air distributing device 113 and a sealing bearing 112, the air blowing pipe 2 is installed on an air outlet of the air compressor 3, the sealing bearing 112 is installed at the tail end of the air blowing pipe 2, the air distributing device 113 communicated with the air blowing pipe 2 is sleeved on the air blowing pipe 2, and the seed suction distributing pipe 12 is communicated with the air distributing device 113 through an installation air inlet channel 122. The sealed bearing 112 ensures the air tightness of the structure, and the air distribution device 113 divides the air pressure into 8 seed suction branch pipes 12. The air compressor 3 is connected with the air blowing pipe 2, and the air compressor 3 is used for delivering air into the air blowing pipe 2, providing air pressure and removing impurities in the pipeline; the two ends of the sowing wheel 1 are provided with bearings 8, and the bearings 8 are fixed on the bracket 4 by bolts.

The seed suction branch pipe 12 is provided with openings at two ends, seed suction ports 121 are uniformly distributed on the seed suction branch pipe 12, circulation grooves with different diameters are formed in the seed suction branch pipe 12 at two sides of the seed suction ports 121, the positions of the seed suction ports 121 are along the gas circulation direction, and the diameter of the circulation groove behind the seed suction ports 121 is larger than that of the circulation groove in front of the seed suction ports 121. In other embodiments, the seed suction branched pipe 12 includes at least one seed suction unit, two ends of the seed suction unit are respectively provided with a groove to form a contraction section 123 and a diffusion section 125, a throat 124 is provided between the contraction section 123 and the diffusion section 125, a seed suction port 121 communicated with the throat 124 is provided on the surface of the seed suction unit, one side of the contraction section 123 close to the throat 124 is a tapered structure that is radially gradually reduced, one side of the diffusion section 125 close to the throat 124 is a tapered structure that is radially gradually enlarged, and adjacent seed suction branched pipes 12 are connected through an insertion structure. By adopting the splicing structure, the length of the whole equipment can be adjusted, the equipment is suitable for various hole trays needing seeding, and the application range of the equipment is enlarged. The interior of each seed suction port 121 of the seed suction branch pipe 12 is designed as a venturi tube; the venturi tube provides negative pressure through venturi effect, so that suction force is generated near the seed suction port 121 to suck a seed near the seed suction port 121, and thus, the seed suction process is completed.

The seed sowing roller 1 comprises a cylinder body and a disc 13, the two ends of the cylinder body are open, the disc 13 is installed at the opening, the air tightness and the usability are guaranteed by the arrangement of the cylinder body, a first mounting hole 131 of a pneumatic device used for being connected with a driving source or is arranged at the center of the disc 13, the first mounting hole 131 is uniformly distributed along the radial direction and is used for mounting a second mounting hole 132 of a seed suction branch pipe 12, the two ends of the seed suction branch pipe 12 are mounted in the cylinder body through being in butt joint with the second mounting hole 132, a baffle 14 capable of shielding the second mounting hole 132 is further mounted on a support 4, the air flow direction can be blocked by the baffle 14 to enable the seeds to flow out from a seed suction port 121. In this embodiment, the disk 13 has 1

first mounting hole

131 and 8 second mounting holes 132, the first mounting hole 131 is used for mounting the air suction pipe 111 or connecting the motor 7, as shown in the figure, one of the two disks 13 is used for inserting the air blowing pipe 2, the other disk is perforated to mount the rotating shaft 10, the rotating shaft 10 is connected with the output shaft of the motor 7 through a gear transmission mechanism, and the second mounting hole 132 is used for mounting the air suction branch pipe; the air suction branch pipe is of a symmetrical structure, and an air inlet passage 122 is arranged in the middle; two ends of the air inlet passage 122 are respectively provided with 4 seed sucking ports 121; the cylinder body is provided with 64 seed suction holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed suction holes 121 on the seed suction branch pipe 12. Accordingly, 8 second mounting holes 132 mount 8 aspiration manifolds.

Install the vibrator 6 that is used for the dispersion seed on seed case 5, in this embodiment, vibrator 6 chooses for use the model to be GT-04 turbine formula vibrator 6, and vibrator 6 vibrates and prevents that the seed from gluing together, and the seeding wheel of being convenient for inhales kind of a seed, installs the brush that prevents the seed and spill from the gap between seeding roller 1 and seed case 5 between seed case 5 and the seeding roller 1, installs seed case stationary blade 51 on seed case 5 for fixed seed case. The tank fixing plate 51 is fixed to the support 4.

In the specific use process, a walking device can be further installed on the equipment, the walking device can be a combination of a rack and wheels, a walking mode of manual pushing is adopted, the motor 7 and a wheel shaft can be matched with a gear transmission mechanism for driving, and the appointed hole tray position can be reached through walking driving.

The working process of the invention is as follows: after the sowing roller 1 is arranged in a hole disc correspondingly, an air compressor 3 is started to provide air pressure for an air blowing pipe 2, air reaches a seed suction main pipe 11 through a blowing-up pipe and then is dispersed into each seed suction branch pipe 12 through an air distribution device 113, the interior of each seed suction branch pipe 12 flows through air, and negative pressure is formed at a seed suction port 121 under the action of a Venturi effect, so that suction force is generated near the seed suction port 121 to suck seeds near the seed suction port 121, and the seed suction process is completed; meanwhile, the speed reducing motor 7 drives the sowing wheel to rotate, each seed suction port 121 sucks one seed when the sowing wheel rotates to the seed box 5, and the sowing wheel continues to rotate; when the seed sowing machine rotates to be aligned with the plug tray, the vertically arranged baffle plates 14 block the air exhaust holes, so that air flow can flow towards the seed suction ports 121, and then seeds can be blown into the plug tray to finish one-time sowing.

After the pneumatic device works, the invention can alternately generate positive pressure and negative pressure at the seed suction port of the seed suction branch pipe, simultaneously, the seed suction port can suck seeds at the seed box position through the driving of the motor, the seeds are blown out at the position corresponding to the hole disc, the sowing is completed for one time, the labor cost is saved, the working efficiency is improved, the miss-sowing and the re-sowing are reduced, the sowing quality is improved, in the specific implementation process, the technical scheme is based on the Venturi effect (the effect shows that when the limited flow passes through the reduced flow cross section, the flow velocity of the fluid is increased, the flow velocity is in inverse proportion to the flow cross section, namely, low pressure is generated near the high-speed flowing fluid, so as to generate the adsorption effect), the seed suction hole matched with the seeds is arranged through the method of combining the Venturi effect and the structure, the air blowing port is connected with the air compressor, so that the labor cost can be saved, the working efficiency is improved, the missing seeding and the rebroadcasting are reduced, and the seeding quality is improved.

Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an air-aspiration type vegetable seed seeder based on venturi effect which characterized in that: air-suction type vegetable seed seeder based on venturi effect is including broadcasting kind roller, seed case, motor, pneumatic means, inhaling kind and dividing the pipe, the kind roller of sowing passes through the bearing and installs on the support, installs the seed case that the discharge gate corresponds the kind roller on the support, and seeding roller one end is connected with the motor, and pneumatic means is installed to the other end, and the inside kind of inhaling that is provided with intercommunication pneumatic means of seeding roller divides the pipe, inhales kind and divides the pipe and goes up the equipartition seed suction mouth, through pneumatic means work, can inhale kind mouthful position and produce malleation and negative pressure in turn, inhale the seed in the seed case through the negative pressure, blow off the seed behind the malleation and sow.

2. The venturi effect-based air-aspiration vegetable seed planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pneumatic device comprises an air compressor, an air blowing pipe, an air distributing device and a sealing bearing, wherein the air blowing pipe is installed on an air outlet of the air compressor, the sealing bearing is installed at the tail end of the air blowing pipe, the air distributing device communicated with the air blowing pipe is sleeved on the air blowing pipe, and the seed suction distributing pipe is communicated with the air distributing device through an installation air inlet channel.

3. The venturi-effect-based air-aspiration vegetable seed planter according to claim 1 or 2 wherein: the seed suction branch pipe is provided with openings at two ends, seed suction ports are uniformly distributed on the seed suction branch pipe, circulation grooves with different diameters are formed in the seed suction branch pipe and positioned on two sides of the seed suction ports, the positions of the seed suction ports are along the gas circulation direction, and the diameter of the circulation groove behind the seed suction ports is larger than that of the circulation groove in front of the seed suction ports.

4. The venturi-effect-based air-aspiration vegetable seed planter according to claim 1 or 2 wherein: the seed suction branch pipe comprises at least one seed suction unit, two ends of the seed suction unit are respectively provided with a contraction section and a diffusion section, a throat is arranged between the contraction section and the diffusion section, a seed suction port communicated with the throat is arranged on the surface of the seed suction unit, one side of the contraction section, which is close to the throat, is of a conical structure which is radially and gradually reduced, one side of the diffusion section, which is close to the throat, is of a conical structure which is radially and gradually enlarged, and adjacent seed suction branch pipes are connected through a splicing structure.

5. The venturi-effect-based air-aspiration vegetable seed planter according to claim 3 or 4 wherein: the seeding roller comprises a barrel body and a disc, wherein the two ends of the barrel body are opened, the disc is installed at the opening, the center of the disc is provided with a large hole of a pneumatic device used for being connected with a driving source or the pneumatic device, the large hole is uniformly distributed along the radial direction and used for installing small holes of seed suction branch pipes, the two ends of the seed suction branch pipes are installed in the barrel body in a butt joint mode with the small holes, a baffle plate capable of shielding the small holes is further installed on the support, the baffle plate can block gas from flowing to the openings at the two ends, and the seed suction port is rotated to blow seeds out.

6. The venturi-effect-based air-aspiration vegetable seed planter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a vibrator for dispersing seeds is arranged on the seed box.

7. The venturi-effect-based air-aspiration vegetable seed planter according to claim 1 or 5 wherein: install between seed case and the seeding roller and prevent that the seed from spilling the brush in the gap between seeding roller and the seed case.