CN113140782A - High-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113140782A
CN113140782A CN202110585938.4A CN202110585938A CN113140782A CN 113140782 A CN113140782 A CN 113140782A CN 202110585938 A CN202110585938 A CN 202110585938A CN 113140782 A CN113140782 A CN 113140782A
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graphite
composite material
lithium ion
ion power
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CN113140782B (en
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刘夏
赵成龙
陈梦婷
程凯
胡同飞
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Xingheng Power Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery, wherein a positive plate comprises a positive composite material and a positive current collector, and a negative plate comprises a negative composite material and a negative current collector; the positive electrode composite material comprises a ternary composite material, lithium manganate, a positive electrode conductive agent and a positive electrode binder, wherein the ternary composite material consists of NCM811 and NCM 523; in the positive electrode composite material, the mass percentages of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate are respectively 50-70 percent, 20-40 percent and 10 percent; the negative electrode composite material comprises a graphite composite material, silicon monoxide, a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder, wherein the graphite composite material consists of first graphite and second graphite, and the first graphite and the second graphite have different granularities; in the negative electrode composite material, the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 48-50%, 48-50% and 1-3%. The lithium ion power battery has the comprehensive advantages of high safety, long service life, high specific energy, low cost and the like.

Description

High-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, environmental friendliness and the like, is a universal power supply for portable equipment such as mobile phones, notebook computers and electric tools, and is widely applied to the markets of electric bicycles, electric vehicles and the like along with the rapid development of new energy industries in China.
The traditional lithium ion power battery material system mainly uses single positive electrode materials (such as ternary, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate and the like) or negative electrode materials (such as graphite, silicon-based materials and the like). When the single positive electrode material and the single negative electrode material are used as electrode materials of lithium batteries, the single positive electrode material and the single negative electrode material have respective advantages and defects, for example, the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material has stable performance and good safety performance at high temperature, but has the defects of lower energy density and poor low-temperature performance. The ternary cathode material greatly reduces the requirement on cobalt, has obvious price advantage, and meanwhile, the specific capacity of the material is also obviously improved, but the safety of the material is poor. At present, the prior art has appeared a technology of mixing a plurality of anode materials or cathode materials as electrode materials, in order to overcome various defects of a single material. For example, chinese invention application CN201010582333.1 discloses a manganese, nickel, titanium series lithium ion power battery and a method for preparing the same, which mixes lithium manganate and ternary composite material as a positive electrode active material. Chinese invention application CN201910399189.9 discloses a high energy density lithium ion battery, which mixes graphite and silicon-based negative electrode material as negative electrode active material.
However, the lithium ion batteries prepared by the above schemes cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high safety performance, long service life, high energy density and low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery which has the comprehensive advantages of high safety, long service life, high specific energy, low cost and the like.
The invention provides a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery, which comprises a battery core and a battery film for packaging the battery core, wherein the battery core comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, a diaphragm and electrolyte, the diaphragm is positioned between the positive plate and the negative plate, the electrolyte is arranged between the positive plate and the diaphragm and between the negative plate and the diaphragm, the positive plate comprises a positive composite material and a positive current collector, and the negative plate comprises a negative composite material and a negative current collector;
the anode composite material comprises a ternary composite material, lithium manganate, an anode conductive agent and an anode binder, wherein the ternary composite material consists of NCM811 and NCM 523; in the positive electrode composite material, the mass percentages of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate are respectively 50-70 percent, 20-40 percent and 10 percent;
the negative electrode composite material comprises a graphite composite material, silicon monoxide, a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder, wherein the graphite composite material consists of first graphite and second graphite, and the first graphite and the second graphite have different granularities; in the negative electrode composite material, the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 48-50%: 48% -50%: 1 to 3 percent.
The NCM811 and the NCM523 are both nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary cathode materials, and the contents of the three elements of nickel, cobalt and manganese are respectively 8:1:1 and 5:2: 3. Among them, NCM811 has a higher energy density, but higher cost and lower safety; compared with NCM811, the capacity density of the NCM523 is slightly lower, but the cost is lower and the safety is better; according to the invention, by selecting the ternary materials NCM811 and NCM523 to compound, the comprehensive properties of the anode material, such as energy density, cost, safety and the like, can be balanced.
In addition, the graphite composite material of the present invention is composed of a first graphite and a second graphite, and the first graphite and the second graphite have different particle sizes. Thus, through the mutual matching of graphite materials with different granularities, better processing performance can be achieved, and the anode material is easier to be processed into slurry.
Further, D of the NCM811509-13 μm, and specific surface area of 0.2-0.5m2(ii)/g; d of the NCM5235010-13 μm, and specific surface area of 0.3-0.8m2/g。
Further, D of the lithium manganate50Is 13-17 μm, and the specific surface area is less than or equal to 0.8m2/g。
Further, the positive electrode conductive agent is composed of array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black and conductive graphite in a mass ratio of 1:6: 3.
Further, the positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride.
Further, D of the first graphite5014-19 μm, and specific surface area of 1.9-3.5m2/g。
Further, D of the second graphite50Is 4-7 μm, and the specific surface area is less than or equal to 3.0m2/g。
Further, D of the silicon monoxide5010.5-16.5 μm, specific surface area less than or equal to 3.0m2/g。
Further, the negative electrode conductive agent is conductive carbon black, and the negative electrode binder is an acrylonitrile multipolymer.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-performance low-cost lithium ion power battery, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, lithium manganate, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain a positive electrode slice;
(2) adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the silicon monoxide, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence;
(3) matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, NCM523, NCM811 and lithium manganate 3 active substances are mixed and used as a positive electrode composite material, and two active substances of graphite and silicon monoxide are mixed and used as a negative electrode composite material, so that a complete lithium ion power battery material system is finally formed. Compared with the prior art, the lithium ion power battery based on the material system has the comprehensive advantages of high safety, long service life, high specific energy, low cost and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph of the cycle performance of power cells prepared in examples and comparative examples: a. example 1; b. example 2; c. example 3; d. comparative example 1; e. comparative example 2;
fig. 2-4 are safety test reports for the power cells prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In the following examples, D of NCM811 was used509-13 μm, and specific surface area of 0.2-0.5m2(ii)/g; d of NCM5235010-13 μm, and specific surface area of 0.3-0.8m2(ii)/g; lithium manganate D50Is 13-17 μm, and the specific surface area is less than or equal to 0.8m2(ii)/g; d of the first graphite5014-19 μm, and specific surface area of 1.9-3.5m2(ii)/g; d of the second graphite50Is 4-7 μm, and the specific surface area is less than or equal to 3.0m2(ii)/g; d of silicon monoxide5010.5-16.5 μm, specific surface area less than or equal to 3.0m2/g。
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, lithium manganate, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate are 50: 40: 10%, and the array carbon nano-tubes, the conductive carbon black and the conductive graphite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3; and coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain the positive electrode plate.
(2) Adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the silicon monoxide, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 49 percent, 49 percent and 2 percent; and then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence.
(3) Matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, lithium manganate, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate are 60: 30: 10%, and the array carbon nano-tubes, the conductive carbon black and the conductive graphite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3; and coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain the positive electrode plate.
(2) Adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the silicon monoxide, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 49 percent, 49 percent and 2 percent; and then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence.
(3) Matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-performance and low-cost lithium ion power battery, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, lithium manganate, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; wherein, the mass percentage of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate is 70: 20: 10%, and the array carbon nano tube, the conductive carbon black and the conductive graphite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3; and coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain the positive electrode plate.
(2) Adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the silicon monoxide, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 49 percent, 49 percent and 2 percent; and then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence.
(3) Matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a lithium ion power cell, the method of making comprising the steps of:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate are 50: 40: 10%, and the array carbon nano-tubes, the conductive carbon black and the conductive graphite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3; and coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain the positive electrode plate.
(2) Adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of the first graphite and the second graphite are respectively 50% to 50%; and then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence.
(3) Matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a lithium ion power battery, the method of manufacture comprising the steps of:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; wherein the mass percentage of NCM811 to NCM523 is 50% to 50%, and the array carbon nano tube, the conductive carbon black and the conductive graphite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:6: 3; and coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain the positive electrode plate.
(2) Adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the silicon monoxide, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; wherein the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 49 percent, 49 percent and 2 percent; and then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence.
(3) Matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V. Book (I)
Performance testing
1. The aluminum-can batteries prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to a 50A, 100% DOD normal temperature cycle test, and the results are shown in fig. 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the capacity of the batteries prepared in examples 1 to 3 can be maintained at 80% or more after the batteries are cycled for 2500 times or more at room temperature, which is significantly better than the batteries prepared in comparative examples 1 to 2. Among them, the battery prepared in example 1 can maintain the capacity of 80% or more after being cycled for 3200 times or more at room temperature, which is the best example.
2. The safety test was performed on the aluminum-can battery prepared in example 1, and the results are shown in fig. 2 to 4.
As can be seen from fig. 2 to 4, the battery prepared in example 1 did not suffer from explosion, ignition, and leakage in each test, and showed excellent safety.
In conclusion, the invention forms a new lithium ion power battery material system by doping the active substances NCM523, NCM811 and lithium manganate 3 as the positive electrode composite material and doping the two active substances graphite and silicon monoxide as the negative electrode composite material. The lithium ion power battery based on the material system has the comprehensive advantages of high safety, long service life, high specific energy, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospect.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high-performance low-cost lithium ion power battery comprises an electric core and a battery film for packaging the electric core, wherein the electric core comprises a positive plate, a negative plate, a diaphragm and electrolyte, the diaphragm is positioned between the positive plate and the negative plate, the electrolyte is arranged between the positive plate and the diaphragm and between the negative plate and the diaphragm, the positive plate comprises a positive composite material and a positive current collector, the negative plate comprises a negative composite material and a negative current collector, and the lithium ion power battery is characterized in that,
the anode composite material comprises a ternary composite material, lithium manganate, an anode conductive agent and an anode binder, wherein the ternary composite material consists of NCM811 and NCM 523; in the positive electrode composite material, the mass percentages of NCM811, NCM523 and lithium manganate are respectively 50-70 percent, 20-40 percent and 10 percent;
the negative electrode composite material comprises a graphite composite material, silicon monoxide, a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder, wherein the graphite composite material consists of first graphite and second graphite, and the first graphite and the second graphite have different granularities; in the negative electrode composite material, the mass percentages of the first graphite, the second graphite and the silicon monoxide are respectively 48-50%, 48-50% and 1-3%.
2. A high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell according to claim 1 wherein D of NCM811509-13 μm, and specific surface area of 0.2-0.5m2(ii)/g; d of the NCM5235010-13 μm, and specific surface area of 0.3-0.8m2/g。
3. The high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell of claim 1 wherein said lithium manganate is characterized by D50Is 13-17 μm, and the specific surface area is less than or equal to 0.8m2/g。
4. The high-performance low-cost lithium ion power battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode conductive agent is composed of arrayed carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black and conductive graphite in a mass ratio of 1:6: 3.
5. The high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride.
6. A high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein D of said first graphite5014-19 μm, and specific surface area of 1.9-3.5m2/g。
7. A high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein D of said second graphite50Is 4-7 μm, and the specific surface area is less than or equal to 3.0m2/g。
8. A high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell as claimed in claim 1 wherein said D of said silica5010.5-16.5 μm, specific surface area less than or equal to 3.0m2/g。
9. The high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell of claim 1 wherein the negative electrode conductive agent is conductive carbon black and the negative electrode binder is an acrylonitrile multipolymer.
10. A method of making a high performance, low cost lithium ion power cell according to any of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding NCM811, NCM523, lithium manganate, array carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black, conductive graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride into N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare anode slurry; coating the positive electrode slurry on an aluminum foil, and sequentially drying, rolling, slitting and flaking to obtain a positive electrode slice;
(2) adding the first graphite, the second graphite, the silicon monoxide, the conductive carbon black and the acrylonitrile multipolymer into a mixed solvent of ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone and deionized water to prepare cathode slurry; then coating the negative electrode slurry on copper foil, and preparing a negative electrode sheet after drying, rolling, slitting and sheet making in sequence;
(3) matching the positive plate and the negative plate prepared in the step (1) and the step (2) with a polyvinyl ceramic coating diaphragm for lamination, and then injecting electrolyte to assemble an aluminum-shell battery;
(4) the prepared aluminum-shell battery is precharged with a capacity of 46% at a current of 0.05C, and then aged for 1-20 days at 45 ℃, wherein the partial discharge cut-off voltage of the battery is 2.7V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.2V.
CN202110585938.4A 2021-05-27 High-performance low-cost lithium ion power battery and preparation method thereof Active CN113140782B (en)

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