CN113139745A - Ecological damage influence assessment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological assessment, and discloses an ecological damage influence assessment method; the ecological damage influence evaluation method comprises the following steps: s1: preparing for evaluation; s2: performing status quo investigation; s3: predictive analysis; s4: compared with a common chart comparison method, the method can more intuitively and quickly judge the risk source, and has more accurate evaluation results on influencing the risk source, the influence degree and subsequent results, so that workers can quickly obtain the results of ecological damage influence evaluation, the efficiency of the overall evaluation work is improved, a tool is provided for scientifically evaluating the influence of certain artificial activities or natural activities on the environment and the ecology thereof, a model is established, the risk source and the effect are comprehensively evaluated, a set of overall theoretical support and scientific decision is provided for ecological environment protection and management work, and the ecological system service for maintaining health is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological assessment, and particularly relates to an ecological damage influence assessment method.
Background
The ecological environment is a short-term environment formed by ecological relations, which refers to the sum of various natural forces or actions closely related to human beings and influencing human life and production activities, the ecological environment refers to a general term of quantity and quality of water resources, land resources, biological resources and climate resources influencing human survival and development, and is a composite ecological system which is related to social and economic continuous development, and the ecological environment problem refers to various negative feedback effects which are generated by human beings on the damage and pollution to the natural environment in the process of utilizing and modifying the nature for the self survival and development of the human beings.
Because the expansion of human activities has more and more influence on the ecology, if the ecology is seriously damaged, ecological balance cannot be achieved through self-repairing, the whole ecological environment is possibly damaged, and the life of human beings is influenced, so the influence on the ecological damage needs to be evaluated, the existing method for evaluating the influence of the ecological damage is generally a basic contrast method, the method is relatively invisible, the risk source, the influence degree and the subsequent result are not rapidly judged, and rapid evaluation is difficult to provide in the service of an individual ecological system; therefore, improvements are now needed in view of the current situation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an ecological damage influence assessment method, which effectively solves the problems that the influence on the ecology is more and more great due to the expansion of human activities, if the ecology is seriously damaged, ecological balance cannot be achieved through self-repairing, the whole ecological environment is possibly damaged, the life of human is influenced, and the influence on the ecological damage is required to be assessed, the existing ecological damage influence assessment method is generally a basic contrast method, the method is not intuitive, the risk source, the influence degree and the subsequent result cannot be rapidly judged, and more preparation and rapid assessment cannot be provided in the service of an individual ecosystem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an ecological damage influence assessment method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation for evaluation: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out assessment preparation work on an area needing to be assessed, wherein the work content mainly comprises data collection and analysis, the data collection and analysis content comprises the past environment condition of the area needing to be assessed, mainly checking the air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, the number and density of species populations, species population mechanisms, plant community composition structures, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, organism external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ, soft tissue deformity and histopathology level basic conditions of the area, and making all conditions into input documents to be made into an original comparison table;
s2: and (3) status quo investigation: selecting evaluation ranges from areas needing to be evaluated, wherein the evaluation ranges are at least 2-8KM long and 1-3KM wide, and the number of the evaluation ranges is at least 3-8, investigating regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, species population number and density, species population mechanisms, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, biological external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ and soft tissue deformity and histopathology basic conditions in the evaluation ranges, integrating all data of all conditions, and averaging to prepare an input document to prepare a current situation comparison table;
s3: and (3) prediction analysis: inputting the data of regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, groundwater, number and density of species population, species population organization, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, abundance of biological species, external deformity of organism, bone deformation, internal organ, soft tissue deformity, and basic condition of histopathology level investigated in steps S1 and S2 into a selected evaluation model, and calculating a value of Δ EnΣi＝1x (Ehi-Eqi) xWi, wherein Ehi is original environment data in an original comparison table, Eqi is environment data in a current comparison table, Wi is change model reference data, a simulation effect condition is obtained through simulation of data display conditions in the function curve, a risk source is judged according to the data display conditions in the function curve, after the risk source is judged, the risk source is characterized, ecological summary is conducted on other uncertain factors according to regional characteristics of an area needing to be evaluated, and finally the risk source and the uncertain factors are synthesizedEcological summary data of uncertain factors are obtained to obtain a comprehensive influence evaluation value;
s4: and (3) prediction evaluation: and according to the function curve condition and the risk source in the step S3, making a targeted mitigating measure scheme and an alternative scheme so as to complete the evaluation of the ecological damage influence.
Preferably, in the step S2, when the field survey is performed on the area to be evaluated, the environmental survey is performed by using a 3S technology or an intelligent AI monitoring method.
Preferably, in step S3, the evaluation model includes one or a combination of a statistical model, a mathematical model, or a mathematical mechanism model.
Preferably, in step S3, the risk source characterization method is to integrate the risk source assessment and the effect assessment to summarize the process of the ecological crisis caused by the hazard, and the risk source characterization specifically covers the summarization of the result of the risk source assessment, the quantification of the risk, the assessment of uncertainty in the ecological assessment, and the assessment of influence of the research region.
Preferably, in step S4, when a targeted mitigation measure and an alternative are made, the following principles are followed: firstly, determining a general target, a stage target and a recovery strategy for recovering the ecological environment; comprehensively considering factors such as a recovery target, workload, duration and the like, and formulating an alternative basic recovery scheme; estimating the implementation range, recovery scale, duration and the like of alternative basic recovery actions or measures, selecting a proper alternative equivalence analysis method, evaluating damage in the period, calculating the engineering quantity of compensatory recovery actions, and formulating a compensatory recovery scheme: and fourthly, screening the alternative ecological environment recovery schemes by comprehensively adopting methods such as expert consultation, cost-effect analysis, analytic hierarchy process and the like, mainly considering the time and economic cost of the alternative basic recovery schemes and the compensatory recovery schemes, considering factors such as the effectiveness, the legality, the technical feasibility, the public acceptability, the environmental safety, the sustainability and the like of the schemes, and determining the optimal basic recovery and compensatory recovery schemes after screening and comparing.
Preferably, in the steps S1-S4, the evaluation method of ecological damage influence includes one or a combination of several of an ecological mechanism analysis method, a similarity method, a list method, a comprehensive index method or a system analysis method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. inputting data of regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, species population quantity and density, species population organization, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, external deformity of organism, bone deformation, internal organ, soft tissue deformity, histopathological level basic condition and the like into a selected evaluation model, and obtaining the result according to a formula delta EnΣi＝1x (Ehi-Eqi) xWi is used for making a function curve so as to judge a risk source, after the risk source is judged, the risk source is characterized, other uncertain factors are ecologically summarized according to the regional characteristics of an area needing to be evaluated, and finally, the ecological summary data of the risk source and the uncertain factors are synthesized so as to obtain a comprehensive influence evaluation value;
2. the ecological damage influence evaluation method provides a tool for scientifically evaluating the influence of certain artificial activities or natural activities on the environment and the ecology thereof, establishes a model and comprehensively evaluates risk sources and effects, thereby providing a set of integral theoretical support and scientific decision for ecological environment protection and management work and serving a better ecological system for maintaining health.
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The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional curve calculation formula of the evaluation model of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: an ecological damage influence assessment method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation for evaluation: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out assessment preparation work on an area needing to be assessed, wherein the work content mainly comprises data collection and analysis, the data collection and analysis content comprises the past environment condition of the area needing to be assessed, mainly checking the air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, the number and density of species populations, species population mechanisms, plant community composition structures, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, organism external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ, soft tissue deformity and histopathology level basic conditions of the area, and making all conditions into input documents to be made into an original comparison table;
s2: and (3) status quo investigation: selecting an evaluation range from areas needing to be evaluated, wherein the evaluation range is at least 2-8KM long and 1-3KM wide, and the number of the evaluation ranges is at least 3-8, investigating the basic conditions of regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, species population number and density, species population mechanism, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, biological external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ and soft tissue deformity and histopathology level in the evaluation range, integrating all data of all conditions, and taking an average value to prepare an input document to prepare a current situation comparison table;
s3: and (3) prediction analysis: the regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, groundwater, species population number and density investigated in the above steps S1 and S2Inputting data such as species population organization, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, external deformity of organism, bone deformation, internal organ and soft tissue deformity, histopathological level basic condition and the like into a selected evaluation model, and obtaining a model according to a formula delta EnΣi＝1x (Ehi-Eqi) xWi, making a function curve, wherein Ehi is original environment data in an original comparison table, Eqi is environment data in a current comparison table, Wi is change model reference data, a simulation effect condition is obtained through simulation of data display conditions in the function curve, a risk source is judged according to the data display conditions in the function curve, after the risk source is judged, the risk source is characterized, ecological summary is conducted on other uncertain factors according to regional characteristics of an area needing to be evaluated, and finally, the risk source and the ecological summary data of the uncertain factors are synthesized to obtain a comprehensive influence evaluation value;
s4: and (3) prediction evaluation: and according to the function curve condition and the risk source in the step S3, making a targeted mitigating measure scheme and an alternative scheme so as to complete the evaluation of the ecological damage influence.
In step S2, when performing field survey on an area to be evaluated, performing environmental survey by using a 3S technology or an intelligent AI monitoring method;
in step S3, the evaluation model includes one or a combination of several of a statistical model, a mathematical model, or a mathematical mechanism model; the risk source characterization method is used for integrating risk source evaluation and effect evaluation and summarizing the process of ecological crisis caused by harm, and the risk source characterization specifically covers the steps of summarizing the result of the risk source evaluation, quantifying the risk, evaluating uncertainty in the ecological evaluation and evaluating influence of research areas;
in step S4, when a targeted mitigation measure and an alternative are made, the following principles are followed: firstly, determining a general target, a stage target and a recovery strategy for recovering the ecological environment; comprehensively considering factors such as a recovery target, workload, duration and the like, and formulating an alternative basic recovery scheme; estimating the implementation range, recovery scale, duration and the like of alternative basic recovery actions or measures, selecting a proper alternative equivalence analysis method, evaluating damage in the period, calculating the engineering quantity of compensatory recovery actions, and formulating a compensatory recovery scheme: screening alternative ecological environment recovery schemes by comprehensively adopting methods such as expert consultation, cost-effect analysis, analytic hierarchy process and the like, mainly considering time and economic cost of alternative basic recovery schemes and compensatory recovery schemes, considering factors such as validity, legality, technical feasibility, public acceptability, environmental safety, sustainability and the like of the schemes, and determining optimal basic recovery and compensatory recovery schemes after screening and comparing;
in steps S1-S4, the evaluation method of ecological destruction influence comprises one or a combination of several of an ecological mechanism analysis method, a similarity method, a list method, a comprehensive index method or a system analysis method.
Inputting the data of the investigated regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, species population quantity and density, species population mechanism, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, biological external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ and soft tissue deformity, histopathology basic level and the like into the selected evaluation model through the steps, and according to a formula delta EnΣi＝1x (Ehi-Eqi) xWi is used for making a function curve so as to judge a risk source, after the risk source is judged, the risk source is characterized, other uncertain factors are ecologically summarized according to the regional characteristics of an area needing to be evaluated, and finally, the ecological summary data of the risk source and the uncertain factors are synthesized so as to obtain a comprehensive influence evaluation value;
the ecological damage influence evaluation method provides a tool for scientifically evaluating the influence of certain artificial activities or natural activities on the environment and the ecology thereof, establishes a model and comprehensively evaluates risk sources and effects, thereby providing a set of integral theoretical support and scientific decision for ecological environment protection and management work and serving a better ecological system for maintaining health.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. An ecological damage influence assessment method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation for evaluation: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out assessment preparation work on an area needing to be assessed, wherein the work content mainly comprises data collection and analysis, the data collection and analysis content comprises the past environment condition of the area needing to be assessed, mainly checking the air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, the number and density of species populations, species population mechanisms, plant community composition structures, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, organism external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ, soft tissue deformity and histopathology level basic conditions of the area, and making all conditions into input documents to be made into an original comparison table;
s2: and (3) status quo investigation: selecting evaluation ranges from areas needing to be evaluated, wherein the evaluation ranges are at least 2-8KM long and 1-3KM wide, and the number of the evaluation ranges is at least 3-8, investigating regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, underground water, species population number and density, species population mechanisms, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, biological species abundance, biological external deformity, bone deformation, internal organ and soft tissue deformity and histopathology basic conditions in the evaluation ranges, integrating all data of all conditions, and averaging to prepare an input document to prepare a current situation comparison table;
s3: and (3) prediction analysis: inputting the data of regional air, surface water, sediment, soil, groundwater, number and density of species population, species population organization, plant community composition structure, vegetation coverage, abundance of biological species, external deformity of organism, bone deformation, internal organ, soft tissue deformity, and basic condition of histopathology level investigated in steps S1 and S2 into a selected evaluation model, and calculating a value of Δ EnΣi＝1x (Ehi-Eqi) xWi, making a function curve, wherein Ehi is original environment data in an original comparison table, Eqi is environment data in a current comparison table, Wi is change model reference data, a simulation effect condition is obtained through simulation of data display conditions in the function curve, a risk source is judged according to the data display conditions in the function curve, after the risk source is judged, the risk source is characterized, ecological summary is conducted on other uncertain factors according to regional characteristics of an area needing to be evaluated, and finally, the risk source and the ecological summary data of the uncertain factors are synthesized to obtain a comprehensive influence evaluation value;
s4: and (3) prediction evaluation: and according to the function curve condition and the risk source in the step S3, making a targeted mitigating measure scheme and an alternative scheme so as to complete the evaluation of the ecological damage influence.
2. The ecological damage influence assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, when performing a site survey of an area to be evaluated, a 3S technology or an intelligent AI monitoring method is used to perform an environmental survey.
3. The ecological damage influence assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the evaluation model includes one or a combination of a statistical model, a mathematical model, or a mathematical mechanism model.
4. The ecological damage influence assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the risk source characterization method is to integrate the risk source evaluation and the effect evaluation to summarize the process of ecological crisis caused by hazard, and the risk source characterization specifically covers the summarization of the result of risk source evaluation, the quantification of risk, the evaluation of uncertainty in ecological evaluation, and the evaluation of influence of research area.
5. The ecological damage influence assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, when a targeted mitigation measure and an alternative are made, the following principles are followed: firstly, determining a general target, a stage target and a recovery strategy for recovering the ecological environment; comprehensively considering factors such as a recovery target, workload, duration and the like, and formulating an alternative basic recovery scheme; estimating the implementation range, recovery scale, duration and the like of alternative basic recovery actions or measures, selecting a proper alternative equivalence analysis method, evaluating damage in the period, calculating the engineering quantity of compensatory recovery actions, and formulating a compensatory recovery scheme: and fourthly, screening the alternative ecological environment recovery schemes by comprehensively adopting methods such as expert consultation, cost-effect analysis, analytic hierarchy process and the like, mainly considering the time and economic cost of the alternative basic recovery schemes and the compensatory recovery schemes, considering factors such as the effectiveness, the legality, the technical feasibility, the public acceptability, the environmental safety, the sustainability and the like of the schemes, and determining the optimal basic recovery and compensatory recovery schemes after screening and comparing.
6. The ecological damage influence assessment method according to claim 1, wherein: in the steps S1-S4, the method for evaluating the influence of ecological damage includes one or a combination of several of an ecological mechanism analysis method, a scale method, a list method, a comprehensive index method or a system analysis method.
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