CN113138146A - Particulate matter measuring device and method - Google Patents
Particulate matter measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113138146A CN113138146A CN202110476881.4A CN202110476881A CN113138146A CN 113138146 A CN113138146 A CN 113138146A CN 202110476881 A CN202110476881 A CN 202110476881A CN 113138146 A CN113138146 A CN 113138146A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
A particle measuring device comprises a water tank, a first measuring device and a second measuring device, wherein the side wall of the water tank is made of a light-transmitting material, liquid is contained in the water tank, and particles to be measured are placed in the liquid in the water tank; the light emitting module is arranged on one side of the water tank, and light emitted by the light emitting module is emitted to liquid in the water tank and particles to be measured in the liquid; the light receiving module is arranged on the other side of the water tank opposite to the light emitting module and used for receiving the light rays emitted by the light emitting module and penetrating through the water tank liquid; and the controller is electrically connected with the light emitting module and the light receiving module, is used for controlling the light emission of the light emitting module and receiving the signal output of the light receiving module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and particularly relates to a particulate matter measuring device and method.
Background
Particles having a particle size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm are generally called fine particles, and particles having a smaller particle size are dust. On the sandstone production line, the real-time online detection is difficult because of small particles and huge quantity. The common weighing measurement method needs to adopt a shutdown sampling method, and the sample is sent to a laboratory for measurement. The method has long detection period and too low sampling rate of samples, and cannot accurately reflect the actual condition of products on a production line. Moreover, because the number of samples to be tested and sampled is limited, the detection result is understood from the statistical perspective, and the sample detection result is difficult to ensure the representativeness of the whole product on the sandstone production line.
Disclosure of Invention
In one embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for measuring particulate matters in aggregate comprises,
the side wall of the water tank is made of a light-transmitting material, liquid is contained in the water tank, and the particles to be detected are placed in the liquid in the water tank;
the light emitting module is arranged on one side of the water tank, and light emitted by the light emitting module is emitted to liquid in the water tank and particles to be measured in the liquid;
the light receiving module is arranged on the other side of the water tank opposite to the light emitting module and used for receiving the light rays emitted by the light emitting module and penetrating through the water tank liquid;
the main controller is electrically connected with the light emitting module and the light receiving module, and is used for controlling the light emission of the light emitting module and receiving the signal output of the light receiving module;
and the upper computer is connected with the output of the main controller.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the forces exerted by aggregate particles according to one embodiment of the invention when they sink in a liquid.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining parameters required for detecting fine particles according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sink with light emitting and receiving modules installed therein according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical transmitter module and a receiver array according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a signal connection of an array of photosensitive devices according to an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of signal input/output connections of a PFGA computing module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
For a density of psThe particles are put into liquid with the density of rho l, and the resistance coefficient formed by the liquid to the particle sinking is measured in the aggregate particle sinking process, so that the method is an important link in particle measurement.
According to one or more embodiments, a method of determining particulate matter having a density ρsAggregate particles having a volume V and a mass m at a density of rholSink at a velocity v in the liquid, which is subject to a gravitational force FGBuoyancy FbAnd resistance F of the liquid to the particlesrThe function of (2) is shown in figure 1. Wherein the gravity FGG is gravitational acceleration and buoyancy Fb＝ρlVg, resistance Fr＝Cdv，CdIs the coefficient of resistance of the liquid. By measuring the sinking time of the aggregate, the velocity v and the acceleration can be calculated, and further the resistance coefficient of the liquid can be calculated.
According to one or more embodiments, a parameter measuring device for detecting fine particles, as shown in fig. 2, comprises a water tank, a light emitting module, a light receiving module, a data calculating module, a calibration value output module, a main controller, and a setting module.
The water tank is used for containing rholWhen the density is rhosAnd when the aggregate particles with the volume V and the mass m sink in the liquid, calculating the resistance coefficient of the liquid by measuring the sinking time of the aggregate particles. Light emitting and receiving assemblies are installed at opposite sides of the water bath in an equally spaced manner as shown in fig. 3.
The light emitting module is a programmable light emitting device matrix composed of light emitting devices, each light emitting module is a light emitting device array, as shown in fig. 4, the matrix contains m +1 light emitting device arraysAnd (4) columns. The light emitting mode of the light emitting device is set by the setting module, and the light emitting module is used for sending light information to the light receiving module to inform the light receiving module of whether particles sink or not. The light receiving module is a light signal receiving matrix composed of photosensitive devices, each light receiving component is a photosensitive device array, and as shown in fig. 4, the matrix contains m +1 photosensitive device arrays. The light receiving module is used for receiving the light signal sent by the light emitting module and detecting whether the particle sinks to cause the condition that the light signal sent by the light emitting module is blocked. Each light receiving element RiThe photoreception information received by each light-receiving tube (photoreception device) in (1) is connected in an and manner as shown in fig. 5. The data calculation module is used for receiving the signals output by the light receiving components of the light receiving module, as shown in fig. 6, and calculating the resistance coefficient C of the liquid according to the signalsd。
In the water tank shown in FIG. 3, there are M +1 sets of light receiving elements, i.e., R light receiving elements0,R1,R2,…,Rm. Taking the density as rhosVolume V, mass m, in a density of rholSink in the liquid of (2). The computing module samples the light receiving component R with a period tau0,R1,R2,…,RmWhen the pellet passes through R0When is marked as t0When the pellet passes R, the measurement is carried out sequentially1～RmTime of (d), is denoted as t1,t2,…,tm. Time t1,t2,…,tmThe calculation method comprises the step of measuring the passing of the small ball through the R by a calculation module1,R2,…,RmIs multiplied by the period tau, i.e. t1,t2,…,tm。R0～RmAre installed at equal intervals, and the interval is recorded as deltas. Let the sinking speed of the ball in the liquid be v, and according to the force analysis of the ball in the liquid, see fig. 1, a differential equation about the variable v can be obtained:
(m-ρlV)g-Cdv＝m·dv/dt， (E-1)
the digital form is as follows:
(m-ρlV)g-Cdv＝m·Δv/Δt， (E-2)
wherein (m-rho)lV) g is a constant. Let s be the sinking distance of the pellet in the liquid, then
v＝Δs/Δt (E-3)
Note Δ ti＝ti-ti-1I is 1,2, …, m, then
vi＝Δs/Δti，i＝1,2,…,m (E-4)
Note Δ vi＝vi-vi-1I is 2,3, …, m, then
Δvi/Δti＝(vi–vi-1)/Δti，i＝2,3,…,m， (E-5)
From (E-2) to obtain
Cd＝[m·Δvi/Δti-(m-ρV)g]/vi (E-6)
Repeating the measurement for a plurality of times to obtain a group of calculation result values of the resistance coefficient, performing statistical calculation on the group of calculation results, and adopting the average value after eliminating the data with large variance as the final adopted value of the resistance coefficient; the calibration value output module is used for outputting a adopted value of the resistance coefficient; the main controller is used for acquiring the setting information from the upper computer, sending a light emitting coding mode to the setting module according to the setting information, controlling the light emitting module to emit coded light information by the setting module, sending a statistical mode to the data calculation module and sending working state information to the upper computer; the setting module is used for receiving the light emitting coding mode from the main controller and controlling the light emitting module to emit coded light information after programming.
It should be noted that while the foregoing has described the spirit and principles of the invention with reference to several specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, nor is the division of aspects, which is for convenience only as the features in these aspects cannot be combined. The invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A particulate matter measuring apparatus, characterized by comprising,
the side wall of the water tank is made of a light-transmitting material, liquid is contained in the water tank, and the particles to be detected are placed in the liquid in the water tank;
the light emitting module is arranged on one side of the water tank, and light emitted by the light emitting module is emitted to liquid in the water tank and particles to be measured in the liquid;
the light receiving module is arranged on the other side of the water tank opposite to the light emitting module and used for receiving the light rays emitted by the light emitting module and penetrating through the water tank liquid;
and the main controller is electrically connected with the light emitting module and the light receiving module and used for controlling the light emission of the light emitting module and receiving the signal output of the light receiving module.
2. The particle measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the main controller measures the sinking time of the particles to be measured in the liquid through the obtained signal output of the light receiving module, calculates the resistance coefficient of the liquid, and further solves the relationship between the speed and the time when the particles sink in the liquid by the formula (E-1),
(m-ρlV)g-Cdv＝m·dv/dt， (E-1)。
3. the particulate matter measuring apparatus according to claim 1,
the light emitting module is an array of light emitting devices and the light receiving module is an array of light sensing devices.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the output of each of the light-sensitive devices in the light-receiving module is subjected to AND calculation and then input to a subsequent calculation module of the main controller.
5. The particle measurement device according to claim 4, wherein the main control unit is composed of an FPGA, and an output of each photosensitive device in the light receiving module is connected to the FPGA.
6. A method for measuring particulate matter, characterized in that,
placing the particulate matter in a water bath of an assay device according to claim 1,
let the density of the liquid in the water tank be ρl，
Density of the particles is ρsVolume is V, mass is m,
the main controller obtains the sinking time of the particles in the liquid through receiving and calculating the signals of the light receiving module, calculates the sinking speed v of the particles,
according to the force of gravity FGMg, g is the acceleration of gravity,
buoyancy force Fb＝ρlVg，
Resistance Fr＝Cdv，CdIs the coefficient of resistance of the liquid,
obtaining the resistance coefficient C of the liquidd，
Cd＝[m·Δvi/Δti-(m-ρV)g]/vi (E-6)。
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN202110476881.4A CN113138146A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Particulate matter measuring device and method |
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| CN202110476881.4A CN113138146A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Particulate matter measuring device and method |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20010015096A1 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-23 | Hoffman & Hoffman And Electronic And Electro-Mechanical Engineering Ltd. | Monitoring of particulate matter in water supply |
| CN202092687U (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-12-28 | 湖南力合科技发展有限公司 | Rotameter and flow sensing system |
| CN104345018A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-02-11 | 秦少平 | Detector-array-based fluid particle measuring instrument |
| CN105319150A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-10 | 重庆医科大学 | Liquid viscosity coefficient measurement method and device based on linear array CCD |
| CN107421852A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-12-01 | 南京恒立达光电有限公司 | A kind of falling ball method viscosity coefficient investigating instrument |
| CN111323360A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Image acquisition equipment and detection device for particles in liquid |
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110476881.4A patent/CN113138146A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20010015096A1 (en) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-23 | Hoffman & Hoffman And Electronic And Electro-Mechanical Engineering Ltd. | Monitoring of particulate matter in water supply |
| CN202092687U (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-12-28 | 湖南力合科技发展有限公司 | Rotameter and flow sensing system |
| CN104345018A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-02-11 | 秦少平 | Detector-array-based fluid particle measuring instrument |
| CN105319150A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-10 | 重庆医科大学 | Liquid viscosity coefficient measurement method and device based on linear array CCD |
| CN107421852A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-12-01 | 南京恒立达光电有限公司 | A kind of falling ball method viscosity coefficient investigating instrument |
| CN111323360A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Image acquisition equipment and detection device for particles in liquid |
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