CN113138128A - Movable uniform load distribution simulation device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Movable uniform load distribution simulation device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113138128A CN113138128A CN202110542750.1A CN202110542750A CN113138128A CN 113138128 A CN113138128 A CN 113138128A CN 202110542750 A CN202110542750 A CN 202110542750A CN 113138128 A CN113138128 A CN 113138128A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
Abstract
The invention relates to a movable uniformly distributed load simulation device and a using method thereof, wherein the movable uniformly distributed load simulation device comprises a transverse distribution beam connected with a loading device and a pair of longitudinal distribution beams below the transverse distribution beam, the transverse distribution beam is connected with a pair of transverse moving members in a sliding manner, and the lower end of each transverse moving member is connected with the top of the longitudinal distribution beam positioned on the same side; the vertical distribution beam is connected with a pair of vertical moving parts in a sliding mode, a loading base plate used for being connected with a to-be-tested part is arranged below each vertical moving part, the top of each loading base plate is hinged to the lower end of a universal column, and the upper end of each universal column is connected with the bottom of each vertical moving part. The device is reasonable in design, the whole device and the load distribution steel plate can be stretched on the plane, and the requirements of test pieces with different sizes and different load application points are met; meanwhile, the loading base plate can rotate, so that the device can deform in coordination with the test piece, and the problems that the device inclines due to the shaking or deformation of the loading base plate, the device cannot deform in coordination with the test piece and the like are solved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a movable uniformly distributed load simulation device and a using method thereof.
Background art:
in order to know the physical and mechanical property change conditions of the actual civil engineering structure or member in the real stress state, the structure or member is required to be effectively subjected to stress simulation. The uniform load distribution effect is the main stress working condition of most civil engineering structures or components, for example, areas with more stacked raw materials or heavier finished products on civil building floors and industrial plants such as houses, dormitories, libraries and the like, and the 'building structure load specification' (GB 50009 plus 2012) in China is recommended to be considered according to actual conditions or uniform load distribution. In addition, static load test is mostly adopted in the normal use limit state of the existing building structure flexural member, and a static load test is often required to be carried out on the structure after the structure is reformed and reinforced so as to evaluate the reinforcing effect.
The existing simulation of the uniform load mostly adopts a stacking mode, namely, a plurality of heavy objects (sand bags, iron blocks and the like) are stacked on a loaded test piece, but the loading mode has certain defects, such as non-uniformity of the loaded heavy objects and inaccuracy of stacking positions, so that the stress of a test member is non-uniform, and the stress state of the uniform load cannot be truly embodied. Meanwhile, when the stacking capacity is large, a lot of manpower and time are consumed for stacking and unloading. In addition, the loading device for simulating uniform load has certain limitations, for example, when the load distribution steel plate is installed on a test piece through a base plate and screws, a plurality of through holes need to be chiseled in advance on the test piece so as to insert the screws to fix the load distribution steel plate, so that the structure to be detected is artificially damaged, and stress concentration at the holes is caused, and additional adverse effects are generated. Especially, when the position of the load distribution steel plate needs to be adjusted, a plurality of mounting holes need to be drilled, and the damage of the test piece is enlarged. In addition, the conventional device is difficult to flexibly and quickly and accurately adjust the position of the load distribution steel plate, and the device has certain weight, so that micro cracks or other damages can be caused to the test piece before the load is formally applied.
In conclusion, the existing loading device for simulating uniform load has the defects of low test efficiency, low accuracy, time and labor consumption, low safety, poor flexibility, larger damage to the test piece, incapability of deforming the loading base plate and the test piece together and the like. Therefore, how to accurately, reasonably and effectively simulate the uniformly distributed load of the structure or the component is a problem which needs to be faced by engineering detection practitioners urgently.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art, namely the invention aims to provide a movable uniformly distributed load simulation device and a use method thereof, which have the advantages of reasonable design, convenient and flexible use and better simulation of uniformly distributed load.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a movable uniformly distributed load simulation device comprises a transverse distribution beam and a pair of longitudinal distribution beams, wherein the transverse distribution beam is connected with a loading device, the pair of longitudinal distribution beams are arranged below the transverse distribution beam, the transverse distribution beam is connected with a pair of transverse moving pieces in a sliding mode, and the lower end of each transverse moving piece is connected with the top of the longitudinal distribution beam positioned on the same side; the vertical distribution beam is connected with a pair of vertical moving parts in a sliding mode, a loading base plate used for being connected with a to-be-tested part is arranged below each vertical moving part, the top of each loading base plate is hinged to the lower end of a universal column, and the upper end of each universal column is connected with the bottom of each vertical moving part.
Furthermore, the bottoms of the transverse moving piece and the longitudinal moving piece are fixedly connected with a vertical connecting column; the top of the longitudinal distribution beam is horizontally provided with a cylindrical rolling piece, and the peripheral side surface of the rolling piece is in contact with the bottom surface of the vertical connecting column at the bottom of the transverse moving piece to realize rolling connection; the top surface of universal post is equipped with the ball pivot, the bottom surface of the vertical spliced pole of vertical moving member bottom contacts with the ball pivot, realizes rolling connection.
Further, horizontal moving member and vertical moving member all include the last steel backing plate that moves that parallels and move the steel backing plate down, go up and move the steel backing plate and move down and cooperate with the nut through vertical connecting stud between all around and realize locking, go up and move the steel backing plate and move down and form the slip through-hole that is used for sliding connection between the steel backing plate, the bottom surface middle part of moving the steel backing plate down and the top fixed connection of vertical spliced pole.
Furthermore, the middle part of the top surface of the longitudinal distribution beam is provided with an accommodating groove for accommodating the rolling piece.
Furthermore, the top surface of the loading base plate is provided with a U-shaped hinging part, and the lower end of the universal column extends into the inner side of the hinging part and is hinged with the hinging part through a horizontally arranged hinging bolt.
Furthermore, a locking nut used for locking and fixing the hinge bolt and the hinge part is screwed on the hinge bolt.
Furthermore, the transverse distribution beam and the longitudinal distribution beam are both I-shaped beams.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a use method of a movable uniformly-distributed load simulation device comprises the following steps: firstly, determining the position of a loading base plate according to the geometric dimension of a piece to be tested and the requirement of a loading part, and then connecting the lower end of a universal column with the loading base plate through a hinged bolt; then, moving the longitudinal moving parts on the longitudinal distribution beam to a proper distance, placing the longitudinal moving parts on the ball hinges on the universal columns, moving the transverse moving parts on the transverse distribution beam to a proper distance, and placing the transverse moving parts on the rolling parts on the longitudinal distribution beam; and finally, accurately placing the loading part of the loading device in the middle of the transverse distribution beam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
(1) the transverse moving piece and the longitudinal moving piece can freely move on the respective distribution beams, so that the whole device and the load distribution steel plate can be quickly stretched in a plane, the requirements of test pieces with different sizes and different load application points are met, and the problem that the position of a loading base plate cannot be flexibly changed along with a loading part in the prior art is solved;
(2) the loading backing plate can rotate 180 degrees for whole device can with the test piece deformation in coordination, and remain vertical throughout, make whole device slope because of rocking or warping of loading backing plate among the prior art, and the load analogue means can not with the test piece deformation scheduling problem in coordination.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left view configuration of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view of a use state of the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-loading a base plate; 2-a hinge bolt; 3-a universal column; 4-spherical hinge; 5-a vertical connecting column; 6-moving the steel backing plate upwards; 7-rolling elements; 8-connecting studs; 9-transverse distribution beams; 10-reaction frame; 11-an electrohydraulic servo press; 12-longitudinal distribution beams; 13-a lateral moving member; 14-a longitudinal moving member; 15-moving the steel backing plate downwards; 16-hinge.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the movable uniform load simulator of the present invention comprises a transverse distribution beam 9 for connecting with a loading device and a pair of longitudinal distribution beams 12 (i.e. two longitudinal distribution beams) disposed below two ends of the transverse distribution beam 9, wherein the transverse distribution beam 9 is slidably connected with a pair of transverse moving members 13 (i.e. two transverse moving members), the two transverse moving members 13 correspond to the two longitudinal distribution beams 12, and the lower end of each transverse moving member 13 is connected with the top of the longitudinal distribution beam 12 located on the same side; the longitudinal distribution beam 12 is slidably connected with a pair of longitudinal moving members 14 (namely two longitudinal moving members), a loading base plate 1 used for being connected with a to-be-tested member is arranged below each longitudinal moving member 14, the top of the loading base plate 1 is hinged with the lower end of a universal column 3, and the upper end of the universal column 3 is connected with the bottom of the longitudinal moving member 14. The transverse moving piece 13 and the longitudinal moving piece 14 can freely move on respective distribution beams, so that the whole device and the load distribution steel plate can rapidly extend and retract in a plane, and the requirements of test pieces with different sizes and different load application points are met; the loading base plate 1 can rotate 180 degrees in the normal plane, so that the whole device can cooperatively deform with the test piece and always keeps vertical, and the problems that the whole device is inclined due to the shaking or deformation of the loading base plate, the load simulation device cannot cooperatively deform with the test piece and the like in the prior art are solved.
In this embodiment, the bottoms of the transverse moving member 13 and the longitudinal moving member 14 are fixedly connected with the vertical connecting column 5; the top of the longitudinal distribution beam 12 is horizontally provided with a cylindrical rolling piece 7, and the peripheral side surface of the rolling piece 7 is in contact with the bottom surface of the vertical connecting column 5 at the bottom of the transverse moving piece 13, so that the vertical connecting column and the rolling piece are in rolling connection; the top surface of universal post 3 is equipped with ball pivot 4, the bottom surface of the vertical spliced pole 5 of longitudinal moving member 14 bottom contacts with ball pivot 4, realizes roll connection, and the ball pivot can rotate around arbitrary direction.
In this embodiment, the horizontal moving member 12 and the vertical moving member 13 both include the upper moving steel base plate 6 and the lower moving steel base plate 15 that parallel, and the upper moving steel base plate and the lower moving steel base plate are located the upper and lower both sides of distribution beam respectively, cooperate by vertical connecting stud 8 and nut between the periphery of the upper moving steel base plate 6 and the lower moving steel base plate 15 and realize locking, form the slip through-hole that is used for with distribution beam sliding connection between the upper moving steel base plate 6 and the lower moving steel base plate 15, the bottom surface middle part of the lower moving steel base plate 15 is fixedly connected with the top of the vertical connecting column 5. When the transverse moving piece or the longitudinal moving piece needs to be moved, the connecting stud and the nut only need to be unscrewed, and then the moving can be carried out.
In this embodiment, the central portion of the top surface of the longitudinal distribution beam 12 is provided with an accommodating groove for accommodating the rolling member 7, and the accommodating groove and the rolling member are both arranged to extend longitudinally. The rolling piece is arranged in the accommodating groove, so that the rolling piece is fixed and cannot move.
In this embodiment, the top surface of the loading pad 1 is provided with a U-shaped hinge portion 16, and the lower end of the universal column 3 extends into the inner side of the hinge portion 16 and is hinged to the hinge portion 16 through a hinge bolt 2 horizontally arranged, that is, the loading pad can rotate 180 degrees in the normal plane.
In this embodiment, in order to lock and fix the loading base plate after rotating, a lock nut for locking and fixing the hinge bolt and the hinge portion is screwed on the hinge bolt 2.
In this embodiment, the transverse distribution beam 9 and the longitudinal distribution beam 12 are both i-beams.
In this embodiment, when the uniform load that will simulate is on different size test pieces, the position of loading backing plate 1 need change, and the demand of different loading positions can be satisfied through changing the position that moves the steel backing plate from top to bottom on horizontal, vertical distribution beam or changing the loading backing plate of different size of a dimension this moment.
In this embodiment, the loading device may be an electrohydraulic servo press 11, the electrohydraulic servo press 11 is fixed on a flat ground, and a loading portion of the servo press is accurately placed in the middle of the transverse distribution beam.
The concrete implementation process, the device including 1 horizontal distribution roof beam, 2 vertical distribution roof beams, 6 moving members (2 horizontal moving member +4 vertical moving member) and supporting vertical spliced pole, 4 tops have the universal post of ball pivot and the loading backing plate of 4 squares, during the use: firstly, determining the positions of 4 loading base plates 1 according to the geometric dimension of a piece to be tested and the requirement of a loading part, and then hinging the lower ends of 4 universal columns 3 with the hinging parts of the loading base plates 1 through hinging bolts 2; then, moving the longitudinal moving members 14 on the 2 longitudinal distribution beams 12 to a proper distance, placing the vertical connecting columns 5 at the bottoms of the longitudinal moving members 14 on the spherical hinges 4 on the universal columns 3, moving the transverse moving members 13 on the transverse distribution beams 9 to a proper distance, and placing the vertical connecting members 5 at the bottoms of the transverse moving members 13 on the rolling members 7 on the longitudinal distribution beams 12; finally, the electrohydraulic servo press 11 is fixed on a flat ground, and the loading position of the electrohydraulic servo press 11 is accurately placed in the middle of the transverse distribution beam 9. Through the mode, the static force transmission of the load of the piece to be tested is realized through the two-stage telescopic I-shaped distribution beam, the 4 universal columns and the rotatable loading base plate, and the loading and unloading and the force of the electro-hydraulic servo press are controlled and read by the controller.
Example (b): the device is applied to the uniform load loading simulation of a Reinforced Concrete (RC) bidirectional plate in a laboratory, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the following steps:
a laboratory reaction frame 10 and an electrohydraulic servo press 11 are used, but they are not part of the apparatus. When in use: firstly, placing an RC bidirectional plate and a pier for supporting the bidirectional plate on a flat ground, polishing and cleaning the surface of the plate, and determining the positions of 4 loading base plates 1 according to the size of the bidirectional plate and the requirements of loading positions; then vertically fixing 4 universal columns 3 on the hinge bolts 2 of the loading base plate 1, screwing and fixing the universal columns by using lock nuts, moving the longitudinal moving members 12 on the 2 longitudinal distribution beams 9, screwing the connecting studs 8 after a proper distance and placing the connecting studs on the spherical hinges 4 on the universal columns 3, moving the transverse moving members 13 on the transverse distribution beams 9, screwing the connecting studs 8 after a proper distance and placing the connecting studs 8 on the rolling members 7 on the longitudinal distribution beams 12; finally, the electro-hydraulic servo press 11 and the reaction frame 10 are fixed on a flat ground, and the loading part of the servo press 11 is accurately placed in the middle of the transverse distribution beam 9. The load of the bidirectional plate is transferred by two stages of telescopic I-shaped distribution beams, 4 universal columns 3 and a rotatable loading base plate 1. The loading and unloading and the force magnitude of the electro-hydraulic servo press 11 can be controlled and read by a controller. The dead weight of loading device is not counted into to the electric liquid servo press in this embodiment in the use, can also manual control add, uninstallation, and the process is more accurate convenient, has solved and has caused the test piece just to have the problem of microcrack or other damages before formal loading because of loading device dead weight, leads to the test result inaccurate.
The invention has the advantages that: the moving parts on the transverse and longitudinal I-shaped distribution beams can move and be fixed in the respective directions, so that the whole device and the load distribution steel plate can be quickly and randomly stretched in a plane, the loading requirements of test pieces with different sizes and different load application points are met, and the problem that the position of a loading base plate cannot be flexibly changed along with the loading part in the prior art is solved. 4 rotatable loading backing plates can rotate 180 degrees in the normal plane for whole loading device can with the test piece deformation in coordination, and remain vertical throughout, make whole device slope because of rocking or deformation of loading backing plate among the prior art, and the problem that loading device can not be with the test piece deformation in coordination. The invention can be used for simulating uniform load loading in a laboratory, floor static load tests in actual engineering and the like, and can better simulate uniform load.
If the invention discloses or relates to parts or structures which are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a movable equipartition load analogue means which characterized in that: the loading device comprises a transverse distribution beam and a pair of longitudinal distribution beams, wherein the transverse distribution beam is used for being connected with a loading device, the pair of longitudinal distribution beams are arranged below the transverse distribution beam, the transverse distribution beam is connected with a pair of transverse moving pieces in a sliding mode, and the lower end of each transverse moving piece is connected with the top of the longitudinal distribution beam positioned on the same side; the vertical distribution beam is connected with a pair of vertical moving parts in a sliding mode, a loading base plate used for being connected with a to-be-tested part is arranged below each vertical moving part, the top of each loading base plate is hinged to the lower end of a universal column, and the upper end of each universal column is connected with the bottom of each vertical moving part.
2. The movable uniform load simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the bottoms of the transverse moving piece and the longitudinal moving piece are fixedly connected with a vertical connecting column; the top of the longitudinal distribution beam is horizontally provided with a cylindrical rolling piece, and the peripheral side surface of the rolling piece is in contact with the bottom surface of the vertical connecting column at the bottom of the transverse moving piece to realize rolling connection; the top surface of universal post is equipped with the ball pivot, the bottom surface of the vertical spliced pole of vertical moving member bottom contacts with the ball pivot, realizes rolling connection.
3. The movable uniform load simulation device of claim 2, wherein: the horizontal moving member and the vertical moving member comprise an upper moving steel base plate and a lower moving steel base plate which are parallel, the peripheries of the upper moving steel base plate and the lower moving steel base plate are matched and locked by a vertical connecting stud and a nut, a sliding through hole for sliding connection is formed between the upper moving steel base plate and the lower moving steel base plate, and the middle of the bottom surface of the lower moving steel base plate is fixedly connected with the top of the vertical connecting column.
4. The movable uniform load simulation device of claim 2, wherein: and the middle part of the top surface of the longitudinal distribution beam is provided with an accommodating groove for accommodating the rolling piece.
5. The movable uniform load simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the top surface of the loading base plate is provided with a U-shaped hinging part, and the lower end of the universal column extends into the inner side of the hinging part and is hinged with the hinging part through a horizontally arranged hinging bolt.
6. The movable uniform load simulation device of claim 5, wherein: and the hinged bolt is screwed with a locking nut used for locking and fixing the hinged bolt and the hinged part.
7. The movable uniform load simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the transverse distribution beam and the longitudinal distribution beam are both I-shaped beams.
8. A use method of a movable uniformly-distributed load simulation device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the movable uniformly-distributed load simulation device comprises the following components in parts by weight in any one of claims 1-7: firstly, determining the position of a loading base plate according to the geometric dimension of a piece to be tested and the requirement of a loading part, and then connecting the lower end of a universal column with the loading base plate through a hinged bolt; then, moving the longitudinal moving parts on the longitudinal distribution beam to a proper distance, placing the longitudinal moving parts on the ball hinges on the universal columns, moving the transverse moving parts on the transverse distribution beam to a proper distance, and placing the transverse moving parts on the rolling parts on the longitudinal distribution beam; and finally, accurately placing the loading part of the loading device in the middle of the transverse distribution beam.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110542750.1A CN113138128A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Movable uniform load distribution simulation device and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110542750.1A CN113138128A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Movable uniform load distribution simulation device and use method thereof |
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| CN113138128A true CN113138128A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| CN202110542750.1A Pending CN113138128A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Movable uniform load distribution simulation device and use method thereof |
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Citations (4)
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| CN205404277U (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-27 | 河海大学 | Experimental loading device of equivalence equipartition area load |
| CN108519287A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 山东大学 | A kind of rotatable model test loading device and loading method |
| CN210507565U (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-05-12 | 安徽省建筑工程质量第二监督检测站 | Bending-resistant and shearing-resistant test integrated device for tubular pile |
| CN112504810A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江建设职业技术学院 | Counter-force support and catastrophe simulation device |
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2021
- 2021-05-19 CN CN202110542750.1A patent/CN113138128A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205404277U (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-07-27 | 河海大学 | Experimental loading device of equivalence equipartition area load |
| CN108519287A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 山东大学 | A kind of rotatable model test loading device and loading method |
| CN210507565U (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-05-12 | 安徽省建筑工程质量第二监督检测站 | Bending-resistant and shearing-resistant test integrated device for tubular pile |
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Application publication date: 20210720 |