CN113137435B

CN113137435B - Synchronizer

Info

Publication number: CN113137435B
Application number: CN202010058949.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵烤蕊; 王冰; 余子林; 刘学武; 钟振远
Original assignee: Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-19
Filing date: 2020-01-19
Publication date: 2022-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-19
Also published as: CN113137435A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of synchronizers of transmissions and relates to a synchronizer. This synchronous ware includes synchronous ware slider, synchronous ware tooth hub and synchronous ware tooth cover, the outer ring gear of synchronous ware tooth hub with the ring gear meshing of synchronous ware tooth cover, the synchronous ware slider is installed synchronous ware tooth hub with between the synchronous ware tooth cover, be formed with relative first terminal surface and second terminal surface on the synchronous ware tooth cover, the synchronous ware is still including setting up first bolster on the first terminal surface, first bolster protrusion in first terminal surface. The synchronizer can effectively reduce the impact between the synchronizer gear sleeve and the gear when the synchronizer is shifted in place, reduce the shifting noise and improve the shifting quality.

Description

Synchronizer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of synchronizers of transmissions, and particularly relates to a synchronizer.

Background

In automobile parts, synchronizers have been widely used in transmissions of automobiles. Due to the use of the transmission, the performance of the transmission is greatly improved, the gear shifting is convenient, the impact is avoided, the average service life of the transmission is prolonged, and the improvement of the dynamic property and the fuel economy of an automobile is facilitated.

The synchronizer gear shifting limiting mode on the existing transmission mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) The synchronizer gear sleeve is limited with the end face of the gear.

The automatic transmission is different from a manual transmission in that the automatic transmission is completed by controlling a hydraulic system through TCU software in the gear shifting process, the gear shifting force of the automatic transmission is far greater than that of the manual transmission, and when a synchronizer shifts in place, a large gear shifting force still exists on a synchronizer gear sleeve due to the continuity of gear shifting current, so that the synchronizer gear sleeve can obtain a large axial impulse after synchronization is finished. However, because the synchronizer gear sleeve and the gear are usually made of steel materials, when the synchronizer is shifted in place, the synchronizer gear sleeve is in limited contact with the end face of the gear (namely, the synchronizer gear sleeve is limited by the steel part and the steel part), the shifting in place impact is large, the shifting noise is easy to generate, the shifting comfort is poor, and the shifting quality is influenced.

(2) The synchronizer gear sleeve is limited by the gear combination gear height. This spacing mode is applied to the condition that the fender gear diameter is less than the combination tooth external diameter more, nevertheless because the high tooth structure of combination tooth is more weak, often has the cracked risk of combination tooth.

(3) And the shifting fork shaft is limited with the end surface of the shell fork shaft hole. This spacing mode is mainly applied to manual transmission, and it shifts the noise great, and the travelling comfort of shifting is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the synchronizer is provided aiming at the technical problem that gear shifting in place has large impact when the gear sleeve of the synchronizer and the end face of a gear are limited in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronizer, including a synchronizer sliding block, a synchronizer gear hub, and a synchronizer gear sleeve, where an outer gear ring of the synchronizer gear hub is engaged with an inner gear ring of the synchronizer gear sleeve, the synchronizer sliding block is installed between the synchronizer gear hub and the synchronizer gear sleeve, and a first end face and a second end face opposite to each other are formed on the synchronizer gear sleeve, and the synchronizer further includes a first buffer member disposed on the first end face, where the first buffer member protrudes out of the first end face.

According to the synchronizer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first buffer piece protrudes out of the first end surface of the synchronizer gear sleeve, and when the synchronizer is shifted in place, the first buffer piece is in flexible contact with the end surface of the first gear, so that the impact between the synchronizer gear sleeve and the first gear can be effectively reduced when the synchronizer is shifted in place, the shifting noise is reduced, and the shifting quality is improved.

Optionally, the first buffer member includes a first damping block, and the first damping block is fixedly connected to the first end surface.

Optionally, an annular groove is formed in the periphery of the synchronizer gear sleeve, and a first through hole is formed in a first side wall penetrating through the first end face and the annular groove and formed in the synchronizer gear sleeve;

the first damping block comprises a first damping seat and a first connecting column, the first side surface of the first damping seat is attached to the first end surface, and the first connecting column is connected to the first side surface of the first damping seat;

the synchronizer further comprises a second damping block, the second damping block comprises a second damping seat and a second connecting column, the first side surface of the second damping seat is attached to the first side wall of the annular groove, and the second connecting column is connected to the first side surface of the second damping seat;

the first connecting column is connected with the second connecting column in an inserting mode through the first through hole.

Optionally, a second through hole is further formed in the synchronizer gear sleeve and penetrates through the first end face and the first side wall of the annular groove;

the first damping block further comprises a third connecting column connected to the first side surface of the first damping seat, and the second damping block further comprises a fourth connecting column connected to the first side surface of the second damping seat;

the third connecting column is connected with the fourth connecting column in an inserting mode through the second through hole.

Optionally, one of the first connecting column and the third connecting column is a male end, and the other is a female end;

one of the second connecting column and the fourth connecting column is a male end, and the other one is a female end;

the male end of the first damping block is connected with the female end of the second damping block in an inserting mode through the first through hole, and the female end of the first damping block is connected with the male end of the second damping block in an inserting mode through the second through hole.

Optionally, the synchronizer further includes a second buffer disposed on the second end face, and the second buffer protrudes from the second end face.

Optionally, the second buffer member includes a third damping block, and the third damping block is fixedly connected to the second end surface.

Optionally, a third through hole is formed in a second side wall, which penetrates through the second end face and the annular groove, of the synchronizer gear sleeve;

the third damping block comprises a third damping seat and a fifth connecting column, the first side surface of the third damping seat is attached to the second end surface, and the fifth connecting column is connected to the first side surface of the third damping seat;

the synchronizer further comprises a fourth damping block, the fourth damping block comprises a fourth damping seat and a sixth connecting column, the first side surface of the fourth damping seat is attached to the second side wall of the annular groove, and the sixth connecting column is connected to the first side surface of the fourth damping seat;

and the fifth connecting column is spliced with the sixth connecting column through the third through hole.

Optionally, a fourth through hole is further formed in a second side wall penetrating through the second end face and the annular groove on the synchronizer gear sleeve;

the third damping block further comprises a seventh connecting column connected to the first side surface of the third damping seat, and the fourth damping block further comprises an eighth connecting column connected to the first side surface of the fourth damping seat;

the seventh connecting column is spliced with the eighth connecting column through the fourth through hole.

Optionally, one of the fifth connecting column and the seventh connecting column is a male end, and the other is a female end;

one of the sixth connecting column and the eighth connecting column is a male end, and the other one is a female end;

the male end of the third damping block is connected with the female end of the fourth damping block in an inserting mode through the third through hole, and the female end of the third damping block is connected with the male end of the fourth damping block in an inserting mode through the fourth through hole.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a synchronizer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a synchronizer sleeve provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first damping block provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partially schematic illustration of a transmission provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

1. a synchronizer; 11. a synchronizer slide block; 12. a synchronizer hub; 13. a synchronizer gear sleeve; 131. a first end face; 132. a second end face; 133. an annular groove; 1331. a first side wall; 1332. a second side wall; 134. a first through hole; 135. a second through hole; 136. a third through hole; 137. a fourth via hole; 138. a first groove; 139. a second groove; 14. a first buffer member; 141. a first damping block; 1411. a first damping mount; 1412. a first connecting post; 1413. a third connecting column; 15. a second damping block; 16. a second buffer member; 161. a third damping block; 17. a fourth damping block; 18. a first synchronization loop; 19. a second synchronizer ring;

2. a first gear;

3. and a second stop gear.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a synchronizer 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a synchronizer key 11, a synchronizer hub 12, and a synchronizer sleeve 13, wherein an outer ring gear of the synchronizer hub 12 is engaged with an inner ring gear of the synchronizer sleeve 13, the synchronizer key 11 is installed between the synchronizer hub 12 and the synchronizer sleeve 13, the synchronizer sleeve 13 is formed with a first end surface 131 and a second end surface 132 opposite to each other, the synchronizer 1 further includes a first buffer 14 disposed on the first end surface 131, and the first buffer 14 protrudes from the first end surface 131.

In the synchronizer 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first buffer 14 protrudes from the first end surface 131, and when the synchronizer 1 is shifted in place, the first buffer 14 is in flexible contact with the end surface of the first gear 2, so that the impact between the synchronizer sleeve 13 and the first gear 2 when the synchronizer 1 is shifted in place can be effectively reduced, the shifting noise is reduced, and the shifting quality is improved.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first buffer 14 includes a first damping block 141, and the first damping block 141 is fixedly connected to the first end surface 131.

By using the first damping mass 141, the impact between the synchronizer sleeve 13 and the first gear wheel 2 when the synchronizer 1 is shifted into position is effectively reduced.

In one embodiment, the first damping block 141 is made of nylon (such as PA 66).

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an annular groove 133 is formed on an outer circumference of the synchronizer sleeve 13, and a first through hole 134 is formed on a first side wall 1331 of the synchronizer sleeve 13, which penetrates through the first end surface 131 and the annular groove 133.

As shown in fig. 3, the first damping block 141 includes a first damping seat 1411, a first side surface of the first damping seat 1411 is attached to the first end surface 131, and a first connection column 1412 is connected to the first side surface of the first damping seat 1411.

Synchronizer 1 still includes second damping piece 15, second damping piece 15 includes second damping seat and second spliced pole, the first side surface of second damping seat is attached on the first side wall 1331 of annular groove 133, the second spliced pole is connected on the first side surface of second damping seat.

The first connection post 1412 is inserted into the second connection post through the first through hole 134, so that the first damping block 141 is mounted on the first end surface 131.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the synchronizer sleeve 13 is further provided with a second through hole 135 formed on a first side wall 1331 penetrating the first end surface 131 and the annular groove 133.

The first damping block 141 further includes a third connection post 1413 connected to a first side surface of the first damping mount 1411, and the second damping block 15 further includes a fourth connection post connected to a first side surface of the second damping mount.

The third connecting column 1413 is inserted into the fourth connecting column through the second through hole 135 to connect the first damping block 141 and the second damping block 15, and the first damping block 141 is mounted on the first end surface 131.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first damping block 141 may have the same structure as the second damping block 15, so as to reduce the cost of the mold. Specifically, one of the first connecting post 1412 and the third connecting post 1413 may be a male end, and the other may be a female end. And one of the second connecting column and the fourth connecting column is a male end, and the other one is a female end.

The male end of the first damping block 141 is connected with the female end of the second damping block 15 through the first through hole 134, and the female end of the first damping block 141 is connected with the male end of the second damping block 15 through the second through hole 135, so as to connect the first damping block 141 with the second damping block 15.

In other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the first connecting column and the third connecting column may be set as male ends, and the second connecting column and the fourth connecting column may be set as female ends; or the first connecting column and the third connecting column are both set as female ends, and the second connecting column and the fourth connecting column are both set as male ends, so that the first damping block 141 and the second damping block 15 are connected.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a first groove 138 is disposed on the first end surface 131 corresponding to the first through hole 134 and the second through hole 135, and the first damping seat 1411 is clamped in the first groove 138 to prevent the first damping block 141 from moving relative to the synchronizer gear sleeve 13.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the synchronizer 1 further comprises a first synchronizing ring 18, the first synchronizing ring 18 is sleeved on a first conical part of the first gear 2 of the transmission, and the inner wall of the first synchronizing ring 18 is in friction contact with the conical surface of the first conical part. The synchronizer sleeve 13 can be driven by the synchronizer slider 11 to move towards the first synchronizing ring 18, so that the inner gear ring of the synchronizer sleeve 13 is engaged with the outer gear ring of the first synchronizing ring 18, and gear shifting is completed.

Since the first cushion member 14 protrudes from the first end surface 131, when the synchronizer 1 is shifted, the first cushion member 14 will be in flexible contact with the first gear 2, so as to effectively reduce the impact between the synchronizer sleeve 13 and the first gear 2 when the synchronizer 1 is shifted in place.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the synchronizer 1 further includes a second buffer 16 disposed on the second end surface 132, and the second buffer 16 protrudes from the second end surface 132.

The second buffer piece 16 protrudes out of the second end surface 132, when the synchronizer 1 shifts in place, the second buffer piece 16 is in flexible contact with the end surface of the second stop gear 3, so that impact between the synchronizer gear sleeve 13 and the second stop gear 3 when the synchronizer 1 shifts in place can be effectively reduced, the shifting noise is reduced, and the shifting quality is improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the second buffer 16 includes a third damping block 161, and the third damping block 161 is fixedly connected to the second end surface 132.

By adopting the third damping block 161, the impact between the synchronizer gear sleeve 13 and the second stop gear 3 when the synchronizer 1 is shifted in place is effectively reduced.

In one embodiment, the third damping block 161 is made of nylon (e.g., PA 66).

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the synchronizer sleeve 13 is provided with a third through hole 136 penetrating through the second end surface 132 and the second side wall 1332 of the annular groove 133.

Third damping piece 161 includes third damping seat and fifth spliced pole, the first side surface of third damping seat is attached on second terminal surface 132, the fifth spliced pole is connected on the first side surface of third damping seat.

Synchronizer 1 still includes fourth damping piece 17, fourth damping piece 17 includes fourth damping seat and sixth spliced pole, the first side surface of fourth damping seat is attached on annular groove 133's second lateral wall 1332, the sixth spliced pole is connected on the first side surface of fourth damping seat.

The fifth connecting column is plugged with the sixth connecting column through the third through hole 136, so that the third damping block 161 is installed on the second end surface 132.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the synchronizer sleeve 13 is further provided with a fourth through hole 137 penetrating through the second end surface 132 and the second side wall 1332 of the annular groove 133.

The third damping block 161 further comprises a seventh connecting column connected to the first side surface of the third damping mount, and the fourth damping block 17 further comprises an eighth connecting column connected to the first side surface of the fourth damping mount.

The seventh connecting column is connected with the eighth connecting column through the fourth through hole 137 in an inserting manner so as to connect the third damping block 161 and the fourth damping block 17, and the third damping block 161 is installed on the second end surface 132.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the structure of the third damping block 161 can be the same as that of the fourth damping block 17, so as to reduce the cost of the mold. One of the fifth connecting column and the seventh connecting column is a male end, and the other one is a female end. And one of the sixth connecting column and the eighth connecting column is a male end, and the other one is a female end.

The public end of third damping piece 161 passes through third through-hole 136 with the female end of fourth damping piece 17 is pegged graft, the female end of third damping piece 161 passes through fourth through-hole 137 with the public end of fourth damping piece 17 is pegged graft, in order to connect third damping piece 161 with fourth damping piece 17.

In other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the fifth connecting column and the seventh connecting column may be set as male ends, and the sixth connecting column and the eighth connecting column may be set as female ends; or the fifth connecting column and the seventh connecting column are both set as female ends, and the sixth connecting column and the eighth connecting column are both set as male ends, so that the third damping block and the fourth damping block are connected.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a second groove 139 is disposed on the second end surface 132 corresponding to the third through hole 136 and the fourth through hole 137, and the third damping seat is clamped in the second groove 139 to prevent the third damping block 161 from moving relative to the synchronizer tooth sleeve 13.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the synchronizer 1 further includes a second synchronizing ring 19, the second synchronizing ring 19 is sleeved on the second conical portion of the second gear 3 of the transmission, and an inner wall of the second synchronizing ring 19 is in frictional contact with a conical surface of the second conical portion. The synchronizer gear sleeve 13 can be driven by the synchronizer sliding block 11 to move towards the direction of the second synchronizing ring 19, so that the inner gear ring of the synchronizer gear sleeve 13 is meshed with the outer gear ring of the second synchronizing ring 19, and gear shifting is completed.

Since the second cushion member 16 protrudes from the second end surface 132, when the synchronizer 1 is shifted, the second cushion member 16 will contact with the second stop gear 3, so as to effectively reduce the impact between the synchronizer gear sleeve 13 and the second stop gear 3 when the synchronizer 1 is shifted in place.

The inner ring of the synchronizer hub 12 is fitted over the shaft (input or output shaft) of the transmission, and one or two gear wheels can be arranged on both sides of the synchronizer 1, and these gear wheels are fitted over the shaft in an empty manner.

In some embodiments, the synchronizer 1 can control one gear wheel alone, for example the synchronizer 1 only controls the coupling or decoupling of the first gear wheel 2 to the shaft, in which case the second synchronizer ring 19 can be omitted. As another example, the synchronizer 1 controls only the engagement or disengagement of the second gear 3 with or from the shaft, and the first synchronizer ring 18 may be omitted.

In some embodiments, the synchronizer 1 controls two gear wheels, for example, the synchronizer 1 controls the engagement or disengagement of the first gear wheel 2, the second gear wheel 3 and the shaft simultaneously. When the synchronizer 1 is in the neutral position, the first gear 2 and the second gear 3 idle. When the synchronizer 1 moves towards the direction of the first gear 2, the synchronizer can be combined with the first gear 2, the first gear 2 is combined with the shaft to rotate synchronously, and the second gear 3 idles. When the synchronizer 1 moves towards the direction of the second gear 3, the synchronizer can be combined with the second gear 3, the second gear 3 is combined with the shaft to synchronously rotate, and the first gear 2 idles.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A synchronizer comprises a synchronizer sliding block, a synchronizer gear hub and a synchronizer gear sleeve, wherein an outer gear ring of the synchronizer gear hub is meshed with an inner gear ring of the synchronizer gear sleeve, the synchronizer sliding block is installed between the synchronizer gear hub and the synchronizer gear sleeve, and a first end face and a second end face which are opposite to each other are formed on the synchronizer gear sleeve;

the first buffer piece comprises a first damping block, and the first damping block is fixedly connected to the first end face;

an annular groove is formed in the periphery of the synchronizer gear sleeve, and a first through hole is formed in a first side wall penetrating through the first end face and the annular groove and formed in the synchronizer gear sleeve;

2. The synchronizer of claim 1, wherein the synchronizer gear sleeve is further provided with a second through hole penetrating through the first end surface and the first side wall of the annular groove;

the third connecting column is spliced with the fourth connecting column through the second through hole.

3. The synchronizer of claim 2, wherein one of the first connecting post and the third connecting post is a male end and the other is a female end;

4. The synchronizer of claim 1, further comprising a second cushion disposed on said second end face, said second cushion projecting from said second end face.

5. The synchronizer of claim 4, wherein said second dampener includes a third dampening shoe fixedly connected to said second end face.

6. The synchronizer of claim 5, wherein a third through hole is provided in a second side wall of the synchronizer sleeve extending through the second end face and the annular groove;

7. The synchronizer of claim 6, wherein a fourth through hole is further provided on the synchronizer gear sleeve through the second end face and the second side wall of the annular groove;

8. The synchronizer of claim 7, wherein one of the fifth connecting post and the seventh connecting post is a male end and the other is a female end;