CN113136588A - Non-noble metal catalyst of nickel-doped iron-based bimetal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Non-noble metal catalyst of nickel-doped iron-based bimetal and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113136588A CN113136588A CN202110354074.5A CN202110354074A CN113136588A CN 113136588 A CN113136588 A CN 113136588A CN 202110354074 A CN202110354074 A CN 202110354074A CN 113136588 A CN113136588 A CN 113136588A
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Abstract
The invention provides a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The non-noble metal-based catalyst takes SBA-15 as a hard template, sucrose as a carbon source, melamine as a nitrogen source, ferric chloride hexahydrate as an iron source and nickel chloride hexahydrate as a nickel source. And carrying out high-temperature carbonization treatment to obtain the FeNi/N-C catalyst. Compared with single metal Fe-N/C and Ni-N/C materials, the bimetallic FeNi-N/C material prepared by the invention plays a synergistic effect between Fe and Ni double metals and with a defective carbon material, so that the nickel-doped Fe-based bimetallic catalyst has high oxygen evolution performance and even exceeds commercial RuO2A catalyst. The non-noble metal oxygen evolution electrocatalyst prepared by the invention has the characteristics of low cost and high performance, and greatly promotes the commercialization process of an electrolytic hydrogen production system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new materials, and relates to a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to solve the consumption of fossil fuel and environmental problems, the development of sustainable energy conversion and storage systems, such as reversible fuel cells, rechargeable metal air cells, and water electrolysis hydrogen production devices, is urgently required, however, these energy conversion and storage systems are restricted by the slow kinetic Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), and a high-efficiency and stable catalyst is required to accelerate the reaction. Currently, the industry is highly dependent on noble metal oxides RuO2And IrO2The catalyst is expensive and has poor stability, which seriously hinders the large-scale commercialization. This has therefore prompted a great deal of research effort directed towards the development of non-noble metal catalysts. In recent years, nickel-iron-based compounds have been receiving more and more attention due to their low cost and abundant content, and activity is greatly improved compared with single-metal Fe, Co and Ni-based catalysts reported separately based on excellent OER performance of nickel-iron-based catalysts. However, there are still many problems to be solved, such as insufficient active sites, low conductivity, and instability of the exposed metal in strong alkali, which makes the OER over-potential high, thereby affecting practical applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst, which solves the problem of high overpotential of the non-noble metal catalyst in the oxygen evolution reaction in the prior art.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst, which solves the problem of high overpotential of the non-noble metal catalyst for oxygen evolution reaction in the prior art.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst takes SBA-15 as a hard template, sucrose as a carbon source, melamine as a nitrogen source, ferric chloride hexahydrate as an iron source and nickel chloride hexahydrate as a nickel source.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that the preparation method of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst is used for preparing the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, and sintering the ground carbonized materials under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the drying process in the step 1 and the drying process in the step 2 are carried out for 4-8 h at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ and 5-10 h at the temperature of 100-300 ℃.
The sintering process in the step 3 is that the sintering is carried out for 1 to 3 hours at the temperature of 200 to 400 ℃, and then the temperature is increased to 700 to 1000 ℃ for sintering for 0.5 to 2 hours.
The total mass ratio of the sucrose, the melamine and the ferric chloride hexahydrate added in the step 1 to the step 2 is 1-2: 2:1
The molar ratio of the ferric chloride hexahydrate and the nickel chloride hexahydrate added in the step 2 is 1: 1-2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the non-noble metal catalyst of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetal prepared by the invention fully exerts the synergistic effect between the iron and the nickel bimetal and the defective carbon material, so that the catalyst has excellent oxygen evolution performance, and the overpotential is far lower than that of commercial RuO2。
2. The catalyst prepared by the invention is used as a catalyst of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system, has the advantages of high performance, low cost, simple operation and the like, and is expected to replace a noble metal-based catalyst.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diffraction pattern of a FeNi-N/C catalyst prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows FeNi-N/C catalyst prepared in example 1 of the present invention and commercial RuO2Linear sweep voltammogram of the catalyst under basic conditions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst, which takes SBA-15 as a hard template, sucrose as a carbon source, melamine as a nitrogen source, ferric chloride hexahydrate as an iron source and nickel chloride hexahydrate as a nickel source.
A method for preparing a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst adopts a hard template method to prepare the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst, and is implemented according to the following steps:
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, and sintering the ground carbonized materials under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
The drying process in the step 1 and the drying process in the step 2 are carried out for 4-8 h at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ and 5-10 h at the temperature of 100-300 ℃.
The sintering process in the step 3 is that the sintering is carried out for 1 to 3 hours at the temperature of 200 to 400 ℃, and then the temperature is increased to 700 to 1000 ℃ for sintering for 0.5 to 2 hours.
The total mass ratio of the sucrose, the melamine and the ferric chloride hexahydrate added in the step 1 to the step 2 is 1-2: 2:1
The molar ratio of the ferric chloride hexahydrate and the nickel chloride hexahydrate added in the step 2 is 1: 1-2.
Example 1
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, sintering the ground carbonized materials at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen, and then heating to 900 ℃ for sintering for 1 hour to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
It is measured by oxygen evolution linear sweep voltammetry under alkaline conditions at 10mA cm-2The overpotential at the current density of (2) is 320 mV.
The performance of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst prepared in example 1 of the present invention was tested.
Fig. 1 shows that when compared with a single-metal Fe-N/C material and a Ni-N/C material, the bimetallic catalyst shows diffraction peaks of fe0.64ni0.36 at positions of 43 °, 50 °, 74 ° respectively, indicating that the material contains iron and nickel elements, which proves that the non-noble metal catalyst of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic catalyst is successfully synthesized.
FIG. 2 shows the preparation of nickel-doped iron-based bimetallicNon-noble metal catalyst and commercial RuO2Linear sweep voltammogram with oxygen evolution under basic conditions. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the RuO is comparable to commercial RuO2The catalyst has improved performance of phase oxygen evolution of FeNi-N/C catalyst, wherein the OER performance of the FeNi-N/C catalyst with Fe: Ni being 1:1 is very excellent. On the non-noble metal catalyst electrode prepared by the invention, the concentration is 10mA cm-2The initial potential and the overpotential at the current density are only 260mV and 320mV, which are respectively reduced by 140mV and 190mV compared with the initial potential (400mV) and the overpotential (510mV) of single Fe-N/C, while single Ni-N/C has almost no OER activity and is more than that of commercial RuO2The initial potential (290mV) and the overpotential (380mV) of the material are respectively lower by 30mV and 60mV, which indicates that the material is lower than the commercial RuO under alkaline conditions2Shows better oxygen evolution performance.
In summary, the non-noble metal catalyst of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetal prepared in embodiment 1 of the present invention exerts the synergistic effect between the iron-nickel duplex metal and the defective carbon material, for the FeNi-N/C material, the presence of iron and nickel metal species can significantly improve the conductivity of the electrocatalyst, accelerate the charge transfer to have better oxygen evolution catalytic performance, and the synergistic effect between Fe and Ni, and the NC layer and the metal phase can significantly improve the electrocatalytic activity for OER. The cost of the prepared catalyst is far lower than that of RuO2. Therefore, the catalyst used for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system has the characteristics of low cost, high performance and the like, and has important significance for large-scale commercial use.
Example 2
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, sintering the ground carbonized materials at the temperature of 250 ℃ for 1.5h under the protection of nitrogen, and then heating to 950 ℃ for sintering for 1.5h to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
Example 3
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, sintering the ground carbonized materials at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen, and then heating to 700 ℃ for sintering for 0.5 hour to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
Example 4
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, sintering the ground carbonized materials at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 3 hours under the protection of nitrogen, and then heating to 1000 ℃ for sintering for 2 hours to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 55 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
Claims (6)
1. A nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the non-noble metal-based catalyst takes SBA-15 as a hard template, sucrose as a carbon source, melamine as a nitrogen source, ferric chloride hexahydrate as an iron source, and nickel chloride hexahydrate as a nickel source.
2. A method for preparing a non-noble metal catalyst of a nickel-doped iron-based bimetal, which is used for preparing the non-noble metal catalyst of the nickel-doped iron-based bimetal as claimed in claim 1, and is implemented by the following steps:
step 1, mixing SBA-15, cane sugar and melamine, carbonizing by concentrated sulfuric acid, and drying to obtain a carbonized master batch;
step 2, adding cane sugar and melamine into the carbonized master batch obtained in the step 1 again, uniformly stirring, adding ferric chloride hexahydrate and nickel chloride hexahydrate, mixing, carbonizing again by concentrated sulfuric acid, uniformly stirring, putting into a drying oven, and drying to obtain a carbonized sub-material;
step 3, grinding the carbonized materials, putting the ground carbonized materials into a magnetic boat, and sintering the ground carbonized materials under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a catalyst base material;
and 4, pickling the catalyst base material with hydrofluoric acid, centrifuging, and drying at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst.
3. The method for preparing a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying processes in the steps 1 and 2 are performed at 100-200 ℃ for 4-8 h, and then at 100-300 ℃ for 5-10 h.
4. The method for preparing a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sintering process in the step 3 is sintering at 200-400 ℃ for 1-3 h, and then heating to 700-1000 ℃ for sintering for 0.5-2 h.
5. The method for preparing the nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst as claimed in claim 2, wherein the total mass ratio of the sucrose, the melamine and the ferric chloride hexahydrate added in the step 1 to the step 2 is 1-2: 2: 1.
6. The method for preparing a nickel-doped iron-based bimetallic non-noble metal catalyst as claimed in claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of ferric chloride hexahydrate and nickel chloride hexahydrate added in step 2 is 1: 1-2.
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