CN113136381B - Preparation method of multienzyme conjoined nano reactor and application thereof in synchronous synthesis - Google Patents

Preparation method of multienzyme conjoined nano reactor and application thereof in synchronous synthesis Download PDF

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CN113136381B
CN113136381B CN202110453185.1A CN202110453185A CN113136381B CN 113136381 B CN113136381 B CN 113136381B CN 202110453185 A CN202110453185 A CN 202110453185A CN 113136381 B CN113136381 B CN 113136381B
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李辉
曾金磊
陈可泉
李春秋
陆秋豪
陈旭
杨继宇
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Nanjing Tech University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor and application thereof in synchronous synthesis. The method is based on the angle of the multienzyme reactor to construct a multienzyme integral reactor so as to realize compartmentalization of different catalytic functions and promote CO 2 And the in-situ rapid full capture is realized, and the formic acid yield is improved. And secondly, the biological decarboxylation with zero acid-base addition and the synchronous green synthesis of formic acid are realized through the multi-enzyme integral reactor, so that the yield of the formic acid is improved. The method has mild reaction conditions, high selectivity and environment-friendly process, and can avoid carbon loss in the biological decarboxylation process and inhibit formic acid by rapid alkalization of microenvironment on the premise of not influencing the biological decarboxylation.

Description

Preparation method of multienzyme conjoined nano reactor and application thereof in synchronous synthesis
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of multienzyme reactors, in particular to a preparation method of a multienzyme conjoined nano reactor and application thereof in synchronous synthesis.
Background
The biological production has the characteristics of low carbon circulation, green and clean, and the like, is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, medicine, energy, food and agriculture, has huge economic potential and research value, generates remarkable economic and social benefits, and promotes the transformation and upgrading of the traditional industry. The biomass is used as a raw material, and high-value chemicals are synthesized by a microorganism or enzyme catalytic conversion technology, so that the biomass has wide development prospect and is ready to be used as a new growth point of national economy.
The biological decarboxylation reaction has obvious technical route advantages, and compared with chemical decarboxylation, the biological decarboxylation reaction has milder reaction conditions and higher selectivity, and the process is green and friendly, and most of amino acids and derivatives thereof, such as pentanediamine, butanediamine, ethanolamine and the like, are obtained through biological decarboxylation. CO is present in the process 2 And the release of the catalyst leads to carbon loss and atom economy reduction, and the solution after decarboxylation is alkaline, a large amount of exogenous acid is needed to maintain the neutral environment of the biocatalysis reaction, and alkali is needed to be added for dissociation during product separation, so that a large amount of waste salt is generated, and the environmental pressure is high.
Lysine decarboxylase (Lysine decarboxylase, cadA) can directly convert L-lysine into 1, 5-pentanediamine by biological decarboxylation, while releasing CO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Formate dehydrogenase (Formate dehydrogenase, FDH) CO 2 Reducing into formic acid, and being suitable for coupling amino acid decarboxylation to generate amine compounds; there are various nano multienzyme reactors for ectopic capture and immobilization of CO2, but formate dehydrogenase immobilizes CO 2 At a much lower rate than the release of CO by lysine decarboxylase 2 Rate, fast release CO 2 CO that is not rapidly and completely trapped in the nano-space, rapidly swells and overflows 2 Damaging the structure of the fixing material; and a plurality of different functional enzymes are co-immobilized in a nano space, and a large amount of rapidly formed pentanediamine rapidly alkalizes the nano microenvironment, so that the catalytic activity is reduced and the formic acid is generatedThe production rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Catalytic rapid release of CO against lysine decarboxylase 2 The invention provides a preparation method of a multi-enzyme linked nano-reactor and application thereof in synchronous synthesis, the multi-enzyme linked nano-reactor has a simple structure, can be changed according to reflection specificity, respectively and directionally constructs different functional nano-compartments, combines multiple modification of a nano-structure, avoids mutual interference between different reactions in a multi-enzyme cascade process, further improves reaction efficiency, and simultaneously can synchronously synthesize a required product.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to the preparation method of the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor, nano compartments with different catalytic functions are directionally constructed by utilizing nano materials according to the catalytic characteristics of different enzymes, then the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor with orderly distributed nano compartments according to the different catalytic functions is constructed by utilizing polymer materials, and the number of the nano compartments of the multi-enzyme integral reactor depends on the catalytic characteristics of different types and is more than or equal to 2.
The preparation method of the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing and dissolving lysine decarboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in deionized water, stirring uniformly, adding an imidazole compound and metal ions A, stirring for 5-10 min, adding an organic amine, kong Xiushi agent and a hydrophilic agent, continuously stirring, washing and drying to obtain a nano compartment A, wherein the mass ratio of the lysine decarboxylase to the carbonic anhydrase is 1-100:10;
step 2, dissolving formate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and NADH in deionized water according to the mass ratio, stirring uniformly, adding imidazole compound and metal ion B, stirring for 5-10 min, adding cationic polymer and Kong Xiushi agent, continuing stirring, washing and drying to obtain a nano-compartment B, wherein the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase is 1-100:10;
and 3, taking a mesoporous channel with the inner diameter of 0.1mm-100 mm as a container of the integral reactor, taking a polymer material as a construction material of the integral reactor, and distributing the nano-compartments A and B in the integral reactor according to the length ratio to obtain the multienzyme integral reactor.
As an improvement, the nanomaterial is MOFs material or COFs material.
As an improvement, in the step 1, the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase is 1-9:3, the molar ratio of the dimethylimidazole to the metal ion A is 4:1, a step of; the metal ion A is cobalt ion, copper ion or zinc ion, the organic amine is polyethyleneimine, the Kong Xiushi agent is Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the hydrophilic agent is polyethylene glycol, and the stirring time is 30min.
Further improved is that the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase in step 1 is 1:1.
as an improvement, the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase in step 2 is 1-9:3, the molar ratio of the dimethylimidazole to the metal ion B is 4:1, a step of; stirring time was 1 h; the metal ion B is cobalt ion, copper ion or zinc ion; the cationic polymer is polyacrylamide or polyethyleneimine; kong Xiushi the agent is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
As an improvement, the polymer material in the step 3 is surfactant-metal ion gel or polymethacrylic acid-acrylamide gel; the mesoporous channel is made of glass, metal or polymeric material, and has an inner diameter of 1mm-10 mm.
As an improvement, the imidazole compound in the step 1 and the step 2 is dimethyl imidazole, mercaptoimidazole, ethylimidazole or carboxyimidazole.
The multi-enzyme linked nano reactor is applied to continuously and synchronously synthesizing the pentanediamine and the formic acid.
The specific method comprises the following steps: continuously introducing lysine hydrochloride solution into a multienzyme conjoined nano reactor to synchronously synthesize pentanediamine and formic acid, wherein the concentration of the lysine hydrochloride is 50-200g/L.
The beneficial effects are that:
compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the multi-enzyme linked nanoreactor and the application of the multi-enzyme linked nanoreactor in synchronous synthesis have the following advantages:
according to the preparation method of the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor, nano compartments with different catalytic functions are directionally constructed according to the catalytic characteristics of a plurality of enzymes, nano compartmentalization with different catalytic functions is realized, then the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor with orderly distributed nano compartments with different catalytic functions is constructed, so that the mutual interference among different reactions in the multi-enzyme cascading process is avoided, and the reaction efficiency is improved; a method for preparing pentanediamine and formic acid by utilizing a multi-enzyme integral reactor comprises the steps of constructing an organic amine modified nano-compartment in which lysine decarboxylase and carbonic anhydrase are CO-immobilized on a hydrophilic porous structure, and a cationic polymer modified nano-compartment in which formate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase are CO-immobilized on a porous structure, and simultaneously, carrying out zoning and orderly arrangement on two nano-compartments with new functions to prepare the integral multi-enzyme reactor, so as to promote CO 2 Rapid full capture to avoid biological decarboxylation of CO 2 The overflow solves the problems of low yield of formic acid, avoidance of inhibition of rapid alkalization of catalytic microenvironment to NADH regeneration and formic acid synthesis caused by biological decarboxylation, mild reaction conditions, high selectivity, environment-friendly process, and avoidance of carbon loss in the biological decarboxylation process and inhibition of rapid alkalization of microenvironment to formic acid on the premise of not affecting biological decarboxylation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-enzyme linked bioreactor.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of different substrate concentrations on pentamethylenediamine and formic acid.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the mass ratio of different lysine decarboxylases and carbonic anhydrases to pentamethylene diamine production and CO 2 Influence of capture.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of different mass ratios of formate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase on formate production.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
According to the preparation method of the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor, nano compartments with different catalytic functions are directionally constructed by utilizing nano materials according to the catalytic characteristics of different enzymes, then the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor with orderly distributed nano compartments according to the different catalytic functions is constructed by utilizing polymer materials, and the number of the nano compartments of the multi-enzyme integral reactor depends on the catalytic characteristics of different types and is more than or equal to 2.
The preparation method of the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing and dissolving lysine decarboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in deionized water, stirring uniformly, adding an imidazole compound and metal ions A, stirring for 5-10 min, adding an organic amine, kong Xiushi agent and a hydrophilic agent, continuously stirring, washing and drying to obtain a nano compartment A, wherein the mass ratio of the lysine decarboxylase to the carbonic anhydrase is 1-100:10;
step 2, dissolving formate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and NADH in deionized water according to the mass ratio, stirring uniformly, adding imidazole compound and metal ion B, stirring for 5-10 min, adding cationic polymer and Kong Xiushi agent, continuing stirring, washing and drying to obtain a nano-compartment B, wherein the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase is 1-100:10;
and 3, taking a mesoporous channel with the inner diameter of 0.1-mm-100 mm as a container of the integral reactor, taking a polymer material as a construction material of the integral reactor, and distributing the nano-compartments A and B in the integral reactor according to the length ratio to obtain the multienzyme integral reactor.
As an improvement, the nanomaterial is MOFs material or COFs material.
As an improvement, in the step 1, the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase is 1-9:3, the molar ratio of the dimethylimidazole to the metal ion A is 4:1, a step of; the metal ion A is cobalt ion, copper ion or zinc ion, the organic amine is polyethyleneimine, the Kong Xiushi agent is Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the hydrophilic agent is polyethylene glycol, and the stirring time is 30min.
Further improved is that the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase in step 1 is 1:1.
as an improvement, the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase in step 2 is 1-9:3, the molar ratio of the dimethylimidazole to the metal ion B is 4:1, a step of; stirring time was 1 h; the metal ion B is cobalt ion, copper ion or zinc ion; the cationic polymer is polyacrylamide or polyethyleneimine; kong Xiushi the agent is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
As an improvement, the polymer material in the step 3 is surfactant-metal ion gel or polymethacrylic acid-acrylamide gel; the mesoporous channel is made of glass, metal or polymeric material, and has an inner diameter of 1mm-10 mm.
As an improvement, the imidazole compound in the step 1 and the step 2 is dimethyl imidazole, mercaptoimidazole, ethylimidazole or carboxyimidazole.
The multi-enzyme linked nano reactor is applied to continuously and synchronously synthesizing the pentanediamine and the formic acid.
The specific method comprises the following steps: continuously introducing lysine hydrochloride solution into a multienzyme conjoined nano reactor to synchronously synthesize pentanediamine and formic acid, wherein the concentration of the lysine hydrochloride is 50-200g/L.
Example 1 catalytic production of Pentanediamine and formic acid by Multi-enzyme conjoined nanoreactors
1.1 Construction of nanochamber A
The synthesis system was 10ml, 10mg of lysine decarboxylase (obtained from BL21 (DE 3)/pCDF-dur-CadA strain expressing E.coli-derived L-lysine decarboxylase, published in patent CN 201810195975.2) and carbonic anhydrase (purchased from Shanghai-derived leaf Biotechnology Co., ltd., cat# s10157-50 mg) were dissolved in deionized water, stirred at 300rpm for 1-2min, the reaction solution was allowed to mix uniformly, dimethylimidazole and cobalt ion at a final concentration of 160mM were added, stirring was carried out at an increased speed of 500rpm for 10min, polyethylenimine at a final concentration of 15mg/ml, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol at a final concentration of 10mg/ml were added, stirring was carried out for 30min, centrifugation was carried out, a portion of the supernatant was measured for protein concentration, and the precipitate was washed with deionized water 2-3 times, and dried using a vacuum freeze dryer to obtain nanochamber A.
1.2 Construction of nanochamber B
The synthesis system was 10ml, 10mg of formate dehydrogenase (purchased from Shanghai source leaf biotechnology Co., ltd., product No. s25081-50 u) and glutamate dehydrogenase (purchased from Shanghai source leaf biotechnology Co., ltd., product No. s10067-100 ku) were dissolved in deionized water, stirred at 300rpm for 1-2min to mix the reaction solution uniformly, dimethylimidazole with a final concentration of 160mM and zinc ion with a final concentration of 40mM were added, stirring was carried out at 500rpm for 10min, polyacrylamide with a final concentration of 20mg/ml was added, polyvinylpyrrolidone with a final concentration of 35mg/ml was stirred for 30min, centrifugation was carried out, a part of the supernatant was taken to determine the protein concentration, the precipitate was washed with deionized water 2-3 times, and dried with a vacuum freeze dryer to obtain a nano-compartment B.
1.3 Construction of a Multi-enzyme monolith reactor
The final concentration of 50mM surfactant (sodium deoxycholate) and 25mM zinc ions were added to 20ml deionized water, and the mixture was stirred at 500rpm for 1 hour to synthesize a whole polymer material, and the polymer material was taken out, and 20mg of the nanochamber A was added to the upper layer of the polymer material, and then 40mg of the nanochamber B was added to the lower layer of the polymer material, to obtain a multienzyme cascade nanoreactor, as shown in FIG. 1.
1.4 Catalytic production of pentanediamine and formic acid by multi-enzyme integral reactor
The reaction system is 10ml, 80mg of the multienzyme cascade nano-reactor is placed into deionized water, PLP with the final concentration of 0.1mM and NADH with the final concentration of 10mM are added, the mixture is placed into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 37 ℃ for preheating for 2-3min, L-lysine hydrochloride solution with the final concentration of 50g/L is added, the mixture is placed into a shaking table with the temperature of 37 ℃ for reacting for 5min, and then the mixture is boiled for 5min to stop the reaction.
Example 2 analytical methods for comparison
The consumption of L-lysine is detected by using an SBA-40E dual-channel biosensor, and the concentration of 1, 5-pentanediamine is determined by using an Agilent 1290 liquid chromatography system and an Agilent TC-C18 chromatographic column (4.6X1250 mm). Column temperature 40+ -1deg.C, flowThe speed is 1.0 mL-min -1 The sample injection amount is 10 mu l, the excitation wavelength of the fluorescence detector is 350nm, and the emission wavelength is 520nm. The ultraviolet detector wavelength is 250nm. NADH content was measured at 340nm using an enzyme-labeled instrument, and formic acid concentration was measured using Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography and an Aminex HPX-87H column (300X 7.88 mm). Column temperature 65+ -1deg.C, flow rate 0.6mL min -1 The sample injection amount is 10 mu l, and the wavelength of the ultraviolet detector is 210nm. Calcium carbonate is generated by adding a calcium chloride solution into the reaction liquid, and the quality of the calcium carbonate is weighed to detect CO 2 Is a fixed ratio of (a) to (b).
Example 3
The concentration of L-lysine hydrochloride was adjusted from 50g/L to 100 g/L g/L to 200g/L, with the remainder being the same as in example 1. Detecting the formation of pentamethylenediamine and formic acid by liquid chromatograph, and detecting CO by the quality of calcium carbonate 2 As shown in FIG. 2, when the concentration of L-lysine hydrochloride is 50g/L, pentamethylenediamine, formic acid and CO 2 The highest fixation ratio was 95%,81.5% and 92%, respectively.
Example 4
The mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase was set to 1: 3. 1: 2. 1:1, 2: 1. 3:1 and the rest are the same as in example 1. Detecting the formation amount of pentamethylenediamine by liquid chromatograph, and detecting CO by the quality of calcium carbonate 2 As a result, as shown in fig. 3, the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase was 1: the production amount of pentamethylenediamine in 1 was 95%, CO 2 The capturing rate is 92 percent, and then the generation amount of the pentanediamine and CO are changed along with the mass ratio 2 The capture rate is substantially unchanged.
Example 5
The mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase was set to 1: 3. 1: 2. 1:1, 2: 1. 3:1 and the rest are the same as in example 1. The amount of formic acid produced was measured by a liquid chromatograph, and as shown in FIG. 4, the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase was 1: the amount of formic acid produced at 1 was 87%, and the change in the mass ratio of the two had little effect on the amount of formic acid produced.
In summary, the preparation method of the multi-enzyme linked nanoreactor and the application thereof in continuous synchronous synthesis of the invention constructs a lysine decarboxylase and carbonic anhydrase CO-immobilized on a hydrophilic porous structure organic amine modified nano-compartment and a formate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase CO-immobilized on a porous structure cationic polymer modified nano-compartment, and simultaneously partitions and orderly arranges two new functional nano-compartments to prepare the integral multi-enzyme reactor to promote CO 2 Rapid full capture to avoid biological decarboxylation of CO 2 The overflow solves the problems of low yield of formic acid, avoidance of inhibition of rapid alkalization of catalytic microenvironment to NADH regeneration and formic acid synthesis caused by biological decarboxylation, mild reaction conditions, high selectivity, environment-friendly process, and avoidance of carbon loss in the biological decarboxylation process and inhibition of rapid alkalization of microenvironment to formic acid on the premise of not affecting biological decarboxylation.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor is characterized in that nano compartments with different catalytic functions are directionally constructed by utilizing nano materials according to the catalytic characteristics of different enzymes, then the multi-enzyme conjoined nano reactor with orderly distributed nano compartments according to the different catalytic functions is constructed by utilizing polymer materials, and the number of the nano compartments of the multi-enzyme conjoined reactor depends on the catalytic characteristics of different types and is more than or equal to 2; the method comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing and dissolving lysine decarboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in deionized water, stirring uniformly, adding an imidazole compound and metal ions A, stirring for 5-10 min, adding an organic amine, kong Xiushi agent and a hydrophilic agent, continuously stirring, washing and drying to obtain a nano compartment A, wherein the mass ratio of the lysine decarboxylase to the carbonic anhydrase is 1-100:10, wherein the metal ion A is cobalt ion, the organic amine is polyethyleneimine, the Kong Xiushi agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone, the hydrophilic agent is polyethylene glycol, the imidazole compound is dimethyl imidazole, and the molar ratio of the dimethyl imidazole to the metal ion A is 4:1, a step of; step 2, dissolving formate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and NADH in deionized water according to the mass ratio, stirring uniformly, adding imidazole compound and metal ion B, stirring for 5-10 min, adding cationic polymer and Kong Xiushi agent, continuing stirring, washing and drying to obtain a nano-compartment B, wherein the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase is 1-100:10, wherein the metal ion B is zinc ion; the cationic polymer is polyacrylamide; kong Xiushi the agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone, the imidazole compound is dimethylimidazole, and the molar ratio of the dimethylimidazole to the metal ion B is 4:1, a step of; and 3, taking a mesoporous channel with the inner diameter of 0.1-mm-100 mm as a container of the integral reactor, taking a polymer material as a construction material of the integral reactor, firstly adding a nano-compartment A in the upper layer of the polymer material, and then adding a nano-compartment B in the lower layer of the polymer material to obtain the multienzyme conjoined nano-reactor.
2. The method for preparing the multi-enzyme linked bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase is 1-9:3, stirring for 30min.
3. The method for preparing the multi-enzyme linked bioreactor according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of lysine decarboxylase to carbonic anhydrase in the step 1 is 1:1.
4. the method for preparing the multi-enzyme linked bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of formate dehydrogenase to glutamate dehydrogenase in the step 2 is 1-9:3, stirring time was 1 h.
5. The method for preparing the multi-enzyme linked bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the polymer material in the step 3 is surfactant-metal ion gel or polymethacrylic acid-acrylamide gel; the mesoporous channel is made of glass, metal or polymeric material, and has an inner diameter of 1mm-10 mm.
6. The application of the multienzyme conjoined nano reactor prepared based on the preparation method of claim 1 in continuously and synchronously synthesizing the pentanediamine and the formic acid is characterized in that lysine hydrochloride solution is continuously introduced into the multienzyme conjoined nano reactor to synchronously synthesize the pentanediamine and the formic acid, and the concentration of the lysine hydrochloride is 50-200g/L.
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