CN113135696A - Large-dosage steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete and proportioning determination method thereof - Google Patents
Large-dosage steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete and proportioning determination method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
- C04B18/142—Steelmaking slags, converter slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-doped steel slag hydraulic ecological frame concrete and a proportioning determination method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: screening any given steel slag aggregate through a 4.75mm square-hole sieve and a 9.5mm square-hole sieve, dividing the steel slag aggregate into a coarse particle part and a fine particle part, setting the volume proportion of the steel slag aggregate for replacing the aggregate, respectively replacing gravel and sand in concrete according to the target volume substitution rate according to the volume proportion of coarse particles and fine particles in the steel slag aggregate, and adjusting the substituted proportion of the gravel according to the fineness modulus and the particle grading of the fine particles of the steel slag aggregate to obtain the high-admixture steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete ratio with good mixture performance. By further grinding the steel slag aggregate to replace a cementing material, the utilization rate of the steel slag solid waste in the hydraulic ecological frame concrete is up to 27-47%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization, in particular to a large-doped steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete and a proportioning determination method thereof.
Background
The steel slag is one of the great industrial solid wastes in China, and the resource utilization of the steel slag is always a concern. At present, the high added value utilization approaches of the steel slag in the building material industry mainly comprise aggregate, cement mixed materials and admixture. The utilization approach of the steel slag in the concrete is mainly used as an admixture, and some steel slag aggregates are also applied to the structural concrete, but due to the stability problem of the steel slag aggregates, the application effect is not ideal, engineering accidents are frequent, and at present, experts and scholars always consider that the application of the steel slag aggregates in the structural concrete should be careful and careful, and the resource utilization of the steel slag is severely restricted.
The hydraulic ecological frame is a retaining wall system made of precast concrete blocks, is commonly used for slope protection, plays roles of ventilation, water permeation, soil fixation and the like, and can plant plants inside. Considering that the hydraulic ecological frame is non-structural concrete and has plant digestion and solidification functions, and the stability problem of the steel slag has little influence on the hydraulic ecological frame, the steel slag aggregate can be considered to be used for preparing the hydraulic ecological frame concrete, and on the basis, the steel slag is used for replacing a part of cementing materials, so that the steel slag is utilized to the maximum extent.
Although the requirement on the stability of the hydraulic ecological frame concrete is relatively low, the hydraulic ecological frame concrete needs to be formed in a special mould, certain requirements are still provided for the performance of a mixture of the concrete, and the mixed steel slag concrete has good workability and does not have the problems of segregation and the like. However, after the steel slag of steel plants is primarily crushed, the particle size distribution is messy, both large particles similar to coarse aggregate and small particles similar to fine aggregate exist, and the proportion change of the large and small particles of the steel slag in different batches is very large, so that the aggregate grading is not good and the mixture workability is reduced by singly replacing sand or broken stone. If the steel slag aggregate is subjected to deep processing such as screening and shaping in advance, a large amount of energy consumption needs to be increased, and the additional value of utilization is reduced. Therefore, there is a need for a method of producing high-volume steel slag concrete that can produce better concrete from any source of steel slag aggregate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the problem of large particle size and grading fluctuation of steel slag aggregate and providing the steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large mixing amount, so that steel slag aggregate sampled randomly can be adjusted through quick and reasonable proportioning, and the prepared steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large mixing amount has good workability.
The technical problem to be solved can be implemented by the following technical scheme.
The large-dosage steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
cement: 205-224 parts;
fly ash: 37-74 parts;
mineral powder: 37-74 parts;
steel slag powder: 19-74 parts;
steel slag aggregate: 683-1194 parts;
natural sand: 395-615 parts;
crushing stone: 465-703 parts of a solvent;
water: 160-165 parts;
additive: 3.72 to 4.46 portions.
The steel slag powder in the steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large mixing amount is obtained by coarse grinding of a steel slag aggregate ball mill and further fine grinding of the steel slag aggregate ball mill and desulfurized gypsum, and the specific surface area of the steel slag aggregate powder is more than or equal to 400m2The activity index of the catalyst per kg and 28d is not less than 80 percent.
The steel slag aggregate in the steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete with large mixing amount is steel slag aggregate which is primarily crushed by a steelworks, the maximum particle size is not more than 31.5mm, the content of free CaO is less than 2 percent, and the content of free MgO is less than 3 percent.
The total mass of the steel slag solid waste (the sum of the steel slag powder and the steel slag aggregate) in the steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large mixing amount reaches 27-47 percent, the pressure steaming expansion rate is less than 0.2 percent, and the stability is good.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing a method for determining the proportion of the ecological frame concrete for the hydraulic engineering with the large-doped steel slag and solid waste water, which comprises the following steps:
a. selecting a 4.75mm square-hole sieve and a 9.5mm square-hole sieve in a coarse aggregate screening test set to screen the steel slag aggregate to obtain particles with the particle size of more than 9.5mm, particles with the particle size of between 4.75mm and 9.5mm and the particle content of below 4.75 mm.
b. 4 parts of particles with the diameter of 4.75-9.5 mm are divided, 1 part of the particles with the diameter of more than 9.5mm are used as steel slag coarse aggregate, and the other 3 parts of the particles with the diameter of less than 4.75mm are used as steel slag fine aggregate.
c. The steel slag fine aggregate is subjected to a standard screening test according to the requirement of sand, and the fineness modulus and the particle grading area are determined.
d. And calculating the total volume of the natural sandstone aggregate in the hydraulic ecological frame reference concrete proportion.
e. Setting the total volume proportion of the steel slag aggregate replacing the sandstone aggregate, and calculating the volume proportion of sand and gravel respectively replaced according to the relative proportion of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in the steel slag aggregate.
f. The sand and stone substitution ratio is adjusted according to the fineness modulus and the particle size distribution of the steel slag fine aggregate.
g. And (3) measuring the specific surface area and activity of the steel slag powder, and determining the mode and the doping amount of the steel slag powder for replacing the cementing material.
h. And calculating the total mass of the steel slag aggregate and the mass of the substituted sandstone aggregate to obtain the mixing proportion of the hydraulic ecological frame concrete taking the steel slag solid waste as an important raw material.
The method for adjusting the sand substitution ratio according to the fineness modulus and the grain composition of the steel slag fine aggregate comprises the following steps of:
a. when the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is within the range of 3.1-3.7 or the particle grading zone is I, reducing the volume substitution proportion of the sand to 1/2 of the calculated proportion, and compensating the reduced substitution proportion to the volume substitution proportion of the crushed stone.
b. When the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is more than 3.7 or the particle grading zone does not meet the requirements of the zone I, the zone II or the zone III, the volume substitution proportion of the sand is reduced to 1/4 of the calculated proportion, and the reduced substitution proportion is compensated to the volume substitution proportion of the crushed stone.
c. When the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is less than 3.0 and the particle grading zone meets the requirements of the zone II or the zone III, the volume substitution ratio of the sand is not adjusted.
The following further describes a large-dosage steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete and a method for determining the proportion thereof:
the steel slag aggregate directly replaces sand stone and the milled steel slag directly replaces cementing materials to improve the utilization rate of the steel slag in the concrete to the maximum extent. Because the increase of the mixing amount of the steel slag powder can reduce the compressive strength of concrete, in order to improve the mixing amount of the steel slag powder in the cementing material, the steel slag powder has larger specific surface area and higher activity after being excited by the composite powder of the steel slag powder and the gypsum, and the specific surface area is more than or equal to 400m2The activity index of/kg and 28d is not lower than 80 percent, and meets the requirement of first-grade steel slag powder in the national standard GB/T20491-2017 steel slag powder for cement and concrete.
The steel slag aggregate is subjected to primary crushing treatment, the maximum particle size is not larger than 31.5mm, so that the condition that the particle size of the aggregate is not larger than 5-31.5 mm in the current concrete production is met, the treatment is not difficult to realize, and the method is a basic treatment process for utilizing the steel slag in the field of construction materials. The crushed steel slag particles have larger particle size fluctuation, the steel slag of some steel mills is basically large particles and is in a coarse aggregate range, the steel slag aggregate provided by some steel mills is extremely small in particles and is basically in a fine aggregate range, and the steel slag aggregate has small particles and has no stable proportion. Thus, for any given steel slag aggregate, extensive testing is usually required to determine a reasonable mix ratio to ensure that concrete formulated with the steel slag aggregate does not exhibit exudationPoor mixture states such as water, segregation and the like. On the other hand, the density of the steel slag aggregate reaches 3.3-3.7 g/cm3And the density of the natural sandstone is 2.6-2.7 g/cm3Simply substituting natural sandstone aggregate by mass percent also causes the volume of the original single concrete mixing ratio to be less than 1m3The concrete mixing ratio needs to be recalculated according to the apparent density, so that the mixing ratio parameters such as the single-component cementing material consumption, the single-component water consumption and the like are changed, and the replacement of the steel slag aggregate by the mass ratio is not reasonable.
Aiming at the problems, the steel slag aggregate is firstly screened, and then the proportion of coarse and fine particles in the steel slag aggregate is analyzed, the coarse particles replace broken stone, and the fine particles replace sand. In the grading division of the sand and the crushed stone, the sand is allowed to have 0-10% of particles with the particle size of more than 4.75mm, and the continuous graded crushed stone is allowed to have 10-30% of particles with the particle size of less than 9.5mm, so that the proportion of the particles with the grade of 4.75-9.5 mm in the steel slag is 1: 3 coarse grains and fine grains, respectively, wherein the part of the grains of 4.75mm to 9.5mm counted as coarse grains is used for replacing gravel together with coarse grains of more than 9.5mm, and the part of the grains of 4.75mm to 9.5mm counted as fine grains is used for replacing sand together with fine grains of less than 4.75 mm. This ensures that no major unreasonable grading of the particles occurs after replacement.
When the steel slag is used for replacing sandstone, in order to avoid the problem of density difference existing in mass replacement, volume ratio replacement is proposed, namely, the total volume of the sandstone in the original proportion is calculated, and then the volume replacement ratio is set, such as 10%, 20% and 30% of volume replacement. And correspondingly calculating the volume ratio of sand to be replaced according to the proportion of coarse and fine particles in the steel slag aggregate, wherein the proportion of the coarse and fine particles in the steel slag aggregate is 3: 1, when the volume substitution ratio is set to 20%, the volume ratio of sand to be substituted is 15%, and the volume ratio of crushed stone to be substituted is 5%.
Because the particle size of coarse particles in the steel slag has stronger adaptability with the natural crushed stone gradation, the gradation of coarse aggregate can not have big problem after the volume substitution according to the mode, but if the gradation of fine particles in the steel slag aggregate is poor, the gradation of fine aggregate can be poor when the volume proportion of the sand substituted is larger. Therefore, the volume substitution ratio of the sand is adjusted according to the fineness modulus of the original fine aggregate in the steel slag aggregate and the volume substitution ratio of the particle grade pairing sand:
(1) when the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is within the range of 3.1-3.7 or the particle grading zone is I, the coarse particles of the sand are more, the fine particles are less, experimental experience shows that the sand volume substitution rate is reduced to 1/2 of a theoretical calculation value, the volume substitution proportion of the residual 1/2 is adjusted into the crushed stone, and the mixture state is not influenced by properly increasing the crushed stone fine particles.
(2) When the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is greater than 3.7 or the particle grading region does not meet the requirements of the region I, the region II or the region III, the coarse particles of the steel slag fine aggregate are extremely large, the substitution sand can bring serious adverse effects on the performance of the mixture, experimental experience shows that the volume substitution proportion of the sand is reduced to 1/4 of the calculated proportion, the volume substitution proportion of the rest 3/4 is adjusted into the broken stone, and the increase of the broken stone fine particles does not affect the whole grading and the state of the mixture because the steel slag fine aggregate has thick particles.
(3) When the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is less than 3.0 and the particle grading zone meets the requirements of the zone II or the zone III, the steel slag fine aggregate has better grading and the volume substitution ratio of the sand can not be adjusted. If the concrete is forcibly adjusted into the broken stones, the poor grading of the broken stones in the concrete is caused.
After the proportion of the concrete of the ecological frame of the large-doped steel slag solid waste water hydraulic engineering is determined by the method, the autoclave stability of the concrete needs to be verified by the autoclave expansion rate index, and the concrete needs to meet the requirement that the proportion is not more than 0.8 percent. Although the hydraulic ecological frame concrete is not a load-bearing structure, the stability problems such as slight ash explosion and the like can not cause serious consequences, but the attractiveness and the service performance can also be influenced, so that the stability of the concrete is considered to a certain extent according to the mixing proportion of the large-dosage steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1:
using a batch of steel slag aggregate of certain steel mill in Shanghai for hydraulic engineeringThe maximum grain diameter of the steel slag aggregate tested is not more than 20mm, and the apparent density is 3300kg/m3The content of free CaO was 1.3%, and the content of free MgO was 2.1%. The blending ratio of the conventional hydraulic ecological frame concrete is shown in table 1, and in this embodiment, the blending ratio is used as a reference for determining the blending ratio of the steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete with a large blending amount.
Table 1: hydraulic ecological frame concrete standard mix proportion (unit: parts by mass)
| Cement | Fly ash | Mineral powder | Sand | Crushing stone | Water (W) | Additive agent |
| 224 | 74 | 74 | 732 | 1098 | 160 | 3.72 |
Firstly, screening the steel slag aggregate by using a 4.75mm square-hole sieve and a 9.5mm square-hole sieve, and counting to obtain that the content of coarse particles with the diameter of more than 9.5mm is 9.5%, the content of particles with the diameter of 4.75 mm-9.5 mm is 20.4%, and the content of fine particles with the diameter of less than 4.75mm is 70.1%. The particle content between 4.75mm and 9.5mm is divided equally into 4 parts, of which 5.1% is counted as fine particles and 15.3% is counted as coarse particles. The coarse particle content of the steel slag aggregate is 14.6 percent, and the fine particle content is 85.4 percent.
Calculating the total volume of sand in the hydraulic ecological frame to be 0.69m according to the reference proportion3Setting the proportion of the steel slag aggregate substituted sand stone to be 30 percent, the volume of the total substituted sand stone is 0.69 x 30 percent to 0.207m3. Because the coarse particles in the steel slag aggregate: fine particle ratio 14.6%: 85.4%, the volume of the crushed stone is 14.6% by 0.207 ═ 0.03m3The volume of sand displaced was 85.4% by 0.207 ═ 0.177m3。
Further screening of the fine steel slag aggregate particles gave the following results in table 2:
table 2 (unit:%):
from the screen residue of the steel slag fine aggregate, the particle composition of the steel slag fine aggregate exceeds the requirement of a region I, the calculated fineness modulus is 3.9, and the steel slag fine aggregate exceeds the category of coarse sand, so that the steel slag fine aggregate has more particles with the particle size of 2.5mm and less particles with the particle size of 350-2.5 mm, if the sand is replaced by the calculated volume proportion, the concrete mixture actually mixed in a trial way is seriously separated by bleeding, a large amount of steel slag fine particles are accumulated in the middle, and the state of the mixture is extremely poor.
Therefore, according to the fineness modulus and the particle grading test result of the steel slag fine aggregate, the replacement ratio of the sand needs to be adjusted, and the replacement ratio of the steel slag fine particles to the original 1/4 is reduced, namely the replacement volume of the adjusted sand is 0.177-1/4-0.044 m3And compensating the residual sand replacement volume to the gravel, wherein the replacement volume of the gravel is adjusted to 0.03+ (0.177-0.044) ═ 0.163m3。
According to the adjusted substitution mode, the substituted mass of the sand is 0.044 x 2650 k 117kg, the mass of the crushed stone is 0.163 x 2650-432 kg, and the total volume of the substituted sand stone set by the steel slag aggregate is 0.207m3The dosage of the steel slag aggregate is 0.207 x 3300 ═ 683 kg.
In order to increase the total consumption of the steel slag, 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum is doped into the steel slag aggregate and then ball milling is carried out for 30min to obtain the steel slag powder with the specific surface area of 430m2The activity index of 28d is 85%, and 20% of the cementing material (10% of the cementing material replaces fly ash and 10% replaces mineral powder) can be replaced.
In conclusion, after the proportioning determination method is adopted, the proportioning of the large-dosage steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete is shown in table 3, wherein the total consumption of the steel slag solid waste reaches 27%.
Table 3: large-dosage steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete mix proportion (unit: mass fraction)
| Cement | Fly ash | Mineral powder | Steel slag powder | Sand | Crushing stone | Steel slag aggregate | Water (W) | Additive agent |
| 224 | 37 | 37 | 74 | 615 | 666 | 683 | 160 | 3.72 |
After the concrete test, the performance indexes are shown in table 4:
table 4: comparison of performances of hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large amount of steel slag powder
| Performance index | Hydraulic ecological frame concrete standard proportion | Large-mixing-amount steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete proportion |
| State of mixture | Good cohesiveness and no bleeding and segregation | Good cohesiveness and no bleeding and segregation |
| Initial slump/mm | 190 | 170 |
| Slump loss at 1 h/mm | 90 | 95 |
| Apparent density/kg/m3 | 2360 | 2520 |
| 28d electric flux/C | 2420 | 2530 |
| 28d compressive strength/MPa | 38.2 | 37.8 |
| Autoclave swell ratio/% | 0 | 0.01 |
From the performance test results of the ecological frame concrete with the large-dosage steel slag solid waste water, the mixture state is good, the slump loss and the slump loss are basically not obviously changed, the durability of the concrete is not obviously influenced, but the apparent density of the concrete is 2360kg/m due to the use of the steel slag aggregate3Lifting to 2520kg/m3. After the steel slag aggregate is used for preparing concrete, a stability test is carried out, the autoclaving expansion rate is only 0.01 percent, the surface is not pulverized and peeled, the requirement is far lower than the limit value requirement that the autoclaving expansion rate is not more than 0.8 percent, and the stability is good.
Example 2:
a batch of steel slag aggregate of certain Liaoning steelworks is used for preparing the hydraulic ecological frame concrete, the maximum grain diameter of the steel slag aggregate is not more than 31.5mm through testing, and the apparent density is 3460kg/m3The content of free CaO was 0.9%, and the content of free MgO was 1.5%. The standard mixing ratio determined by the mixing ratio of the steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Firstly, screening the steel slag aggregate by using a 4.75mm square-hole sieve and a 9.5mm square-hole sieve, and counting to obtain that the content of coarse particles with the diameter of more than 9.5mm is 40.2%, the content of particles with the diameter of 4.75 mm-9.5 mm is 38.8%, and the content of fine particles with the diameter of less than 4.75mm is 21.0%. The fraction of particles between 4.75mm and 9.5mm was divided equally into 4 parts, 9.7% being fine particles and 29.1% being coarse particles. The coarse particle content of the steel slag aggregate is 69.3 percent, and the fine particle content is 30.7 percent.
Calculating the total volume of sand in the hydraulic ecological frame to be 0.69m according to the reference proportion3Setting the proportion of the steel slag aggregate substituted sand stone to be 50 percent, the volume of the total substituted sand stone is 0.69 x 50 percent to 0.345m3. Because the coarse particles in the steel slag aggregate: fine particle ratio 69.3%: 30.7%, the volume of crushed stone replaced is 69.3% 0.345-0.239 m3The volume of sand displaced was 30.7% by 0.345 to 0.106m3。
Further screening of the fine steel slag aggregate particles gave the following results in table 5:
table 5 (unit:%):
from the screen residue of the steel slag fine aggregate, the particle composition meets the requirements of the area II, the calculated fineness modulus is 2.6, and the steel slag fine aggregate belongs to the category of medium sand, so that the particle composition of part of the steel slag fine aggregate is reasonable, and the replacement proportion of the sand is not required to be adjusted.
Calculated, the sand substituted mass is 0.106 x 2650-281 kg, the crushed stone substituted mass is 0.239 x 2650-633 kg, and the total volume of the substituted sand stone set by the steel slag aggregate is 0.345m3The dosage of the steel slag aggregate is 0.345 × 3460 ═ 1194 kg.
In order to increase the total consumption of the steel slag, 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum is doped into the steel slag aggregate and then ball milling is carried out for 30min to obtain the steel slag powder with the specific surface area of 410m2The cement/kg, 28d activity index of 82%, can replace 15% of cementing material (10% of which replaces fly ash and 5% replaces mineral powder).
In conclusion, after the method for determining the mixture ratio is completed, the large-amount steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete is trial-prepared, and the mixture ratio is shown in table 3, wherein the total consumption of the steel slag solid waste reaches 47%.
Table 6: large-dosage steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete mix proportion (unit: mass fraction)
| Cement | Fly ash | Mineral powder | Steel slag powder | Sand | Crushing stone | Steel slag aggregate | Water (W) | Additive agent |
| 224 | 37 | 55 | 56 | 451 | 465 | 1194 | 160 | 3.72 |
After the concrete test, the performance indexes are shown in table 7:
table 7: comparison of performances of hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large amount of steel slag powder
| Performance index | Hydraulic ecological frame concrete standard proportion | Large-mixing-amount steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete proportion |
| State of mixture | Good cohesiveness and no bleeding and segregation | Good cohesiveness and no bleeding and segregation |
| Initial slump/mm | 190 | 185 |
| Slump loss at 1 h/mm | 90 | 70 |
| Apparent density/kg/m3 | 2360 | 2670 |
| 28d compressive strength/MPa | 38.2 | 36.7 |
| Autoclave swell ratio/% | 0 | 0.2 |
From the performance test results of the ecological frame concrete with the large-dosage steel slag solid waste water, slump and slump loss basically have no obvious change, but due to the use of the large-dosage steel slag aggregate, the apparent density of the concrete is 2360kg/m3Lifting to 2670kg/m3. After the steel slag aggregate is used for preparing concrete, a stability test is carried out, the autoclaving expansion rate is 0.2%, the surface of a test block is partially peeled off, and the steel slag particles of the steel mill are large, so that the stability is qualified, but the steel slag cannot be doped with more steel slag for solid waste.
Example 3:
the method adopts a certain batch of steel slag aggregate from Jiangsu to prepare the hydraulic ecological frame concrete, the maximum grain diameter of the steel slag aggregate is not more than 16mm through tests, and the apparent density is 3350kg/m3The content of free CaO was 1.5%, and the content of free MgO was 1.9%. The standard mixing ratio determined by the mixing ratio of the steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Firstly, screening the steel slag aggregate by using a 4.75mm square-hole sieve and a 9.5mm square-hole sieve, and counting to obtain that the content of coarse particles with the diameter of more than 9.5mm is 5.2%, the content of particles with the diameter of 4.75 mm-9.5 mm is 4.0%, and the content of fine particles with the diameter of less than 4.75mm is 90.8%. The particle content between 4.75mm and 9.5mm is divided equally into 4 parts, 1.0% of which is added to the fine particles and 3.0% to the coarse particles. The coarse particle content of the steel slag aggregate is 8.2 percent, and the fine particle content is 91.8 percent.
Calculating the total volume of sand in the hydraulic ecological frame to be 0.69m according to the reference proportion3Setting the proportion of the steel slag aggregate substituted sand stone to be 40 percent, the volume of the total substituted sand stone is 0.69-40 percent to 0.276m3. Because the coarse particles in the steel slag aggregate: the fine particle proportion is 8.2%: 91.9%, the volume of crushed stone was 8.2% by 0.276-0.022 m3The volume of sand displaced was 91.9% by 0.276 to 0.254m3。
Further screening of the fine steel slag aggregate particles gave the following results in Table 8:
table 8 (unit:%):
from the screen residue of the steel slag fine aggregate, the particle grading meets the requirement of a region I, the calculated fineness modulus is 3.2, and the steel slag fine aggregate belongs to the category of coarse sand, which indicates that the steel slag fine aggregate has coarse particles, and if the sand is replaced by the calculated volume proportion, the actual state of the concrete mixture subjected to trial mixing is not ideal enough.
Therefore, according to the fineness modulus and the particle size distribution test result of the steel slag fine aggregate, the replacement ratio of the sand needs to be adjusted, and the replacement ratio of the steel slag fine particles to the original 1/2 is reduced, namely the replacement volume of the adjusted sand is 0.254 x 1/2-0.127 m3And compensating the residual sand replacement volume to the crushed stone, and adjusting the replacement volume of the crushed stone to be 0.022+ (0.254-0.127) ═ 0.149m3。
According to the adjusted substitution mode, the mass of sand substituted is 0.127 × 2650 ═ 337kg, the mass of crushed stone substituted is 0.149 × 2650 ═ 395kg, and the total volume of the substituted sand and stone set by the steel slag aggregate is 0.276m3The amount of the steel slag aggregate is 0.276 x 3350-925 kg.
In order to increase the total consumption of the steel slag, 1 percent of desulfurized gypsum is doped into the steel slag aggregate and then ball milling is carried out for 30min to obtain the steel slag powder with the specific surface area of 450m2The activity index of the fly ash/kg is 87% at 28d, and 5% of cement can be additionally replaced on the basis of the existing blending amount of fly ash mineral powder.
In conclusion, after the proportion determining method is adopted, the large-dosage steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete is trial-prepared, because more sand is adopted to replace broken stone, the slump is smaller than that of a reference group, the water quantity is increased by 5kg after debugging, and the dosage of the water reducing agent is increased to 4.46kg/m3The mixture performance has good cohesive water saturation, and the formula is shown in Table 3, wherein the total consumption of the solid waste of the steel slag reaches 37%.
Table 9: large-dosage steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete mix proportion (unit: mass fraction)
| Cement | Fly ash | Mineral powder | Steel slag powder | Sand | Crushing stone | Steel slag aggregate | Water (W) | Additive agent |
| 205 | 74 | 74 | 19 | 395 | 703 | 925 | 165 | 4.46 |
After the concrete test, the performance indexes are shown in table 10:
table 10: comparison of performances of hydraulic ecological frame concrete with large amount of steel slag powder
| Performance index | Hydraulic ecological frame concrete standard proportion | Large-mixing-amount steel slag solid waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete proportion |
| State of mixture | Good cohesiveness and no bleeding and segregation | Good cohesiveness and no bleeding and segregation |
| Initial slump/mm | 190 | 195 |
| Slump loss at 1 h/mm | 90 | 60 |
| Apparent density/kg/m3 | 2360 | 2570 |
| 28d compressive strength/MPa | 38.2 | 37.0 |
| Autoclave swell ratio/% | 0 | 0.25 |
From the performance test results of the ecological frame concrete for the large-dosage steel slag solid waste water power industry, the slump loss and the slump loss are basically not obviously changed after the mixture state is good and is adjusted by water consumption and additives, but the apparent density of the concrete is 2360kg/m by using the large-dosage steel slag aggregate3Lifting to 2570kg/m3. After the steel slag aggregate is used for preparing concrete, a stability test is carried out, the autoclaving expansion rate is 0.05 percent, and the overall stability is qualified.
Claims (7)
1. The large-dosage steel slag solid waste water hydraulic ecological frame concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
cement: 205-224 parts;
fly ash: 37-74 parts;
mineral powder: 37-74 parts;
steel slag powder: 19-74 parts;
steel slag aggregate: 683-1194 parts;
natural sand: 395-615 parts;
crushing stone: 465-703 parts of a solvent;
water: 160-165 parts;
additive: 3.72 to 4.46 portions.
2. The high-volume steel slag solid-waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steel slag powder is obtained by coarse grinding of steel slag aggregate by a ball mill and further fine grinding of the steel slag powder and desulfurized gypsum, and the specific surface area of the steel slag powder is not less than 400m2The activity index of the catalyst per kg and 28d is not less than 80 percent.
3. The steel slag solid waste water ecological frame concrete with large doping amount of claim 1, wherein the steel slag aggregate is steel slag aggregate which is primarily crushed by a steelworks, the maximum particle size of the steel slag aggregate is not more than 31.5mm, the content of free CaO is not more than 2%, and the content of free MgO is not more than 3%.
4. The heavily-doped steel slag solid-waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total mass ratio of steel slag solid-waste in the heavily-doped steel slag solid-waste hydraulic ecological frame concrete is 27% -47%, and the autoclaving expansion rate is less than 0.2%.
5. A proportioning determination method for the ecological frame mixed concrete of steel slag solid waste water with large dosage as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. screening the steel slag aggregate to obtain particles with the particle size of more than 9.5mm, particles with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm and particle content of less than 4.75 mm;
b. dividing particles with the diameter of 4.75-9.5 mm into 4 parts, wherein 1 part of the particles with the diameter of more than 9.5mm is used as steel slag coarse aggregate, and the other 3 parts of the particles with the diameter of less than 4.75mm are used as steel slag fine aggregate;
c. carrying out standard screening test on the steel slag fine aggregate according to the requirement of sand, and determining the fineness modulus and the particle grading area of the steel slag fine aggregate;
d. calculating the total volume of the natural sandstone aggregate in the hydraulic ecological frame reference concrete proportion;
e. setting the total volume proportion of the steel slag aggregate replacing the sandstone aggregate, and calculating the volume proportion of sand and gravel replaced respectively according to the relative proportion of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate in the steel slag aggregate;
f. adjusting the substitution proportion of the sandstone according to the fineness modulus and the particle size distribution of the steel slag fine aggregate;
g. measuring the specific surface area and activity of the steel slag powder, and determining the mode and the doping amount of the steel slag powder for replacing the cementing material;
h. and calculating the total mass of the steel slag aggregate and the mass of the substituted sandstone aggregate to obtain the mixing proportion of the hydraulic ecological frame concrete taking the steel slag solid waste as an important raw material.
6. The proportioning method of claim 5 wherein the adjusting method of step f is as follows:
a1, when the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is within the range of 3.1-3.7 or the particle grading zone is I area, reducing the volume substitution proportion of the sand to 1/2 of the calculated proportion, and compensating the reduced substitution proportion to the volume substitution proportion of the crushed stone;
1, when the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is more than 3.7 or the particle grading zone does not meet the requirements of the zone I, the zone II or the zone III, reducing the volume substitution proportion of the sand to 1/4 of the calculated proportion, and compensating the reduced substitution proportion to the volume substitution proportion of the crushed stone;
c1, when the fineness modulus of the steel slag fine aggregate is less than 3.0 and the particle grading zone meets the requirements of the zone II or the zone III, the volume substitution ratio of the sand is not adjusted.
7. The proportioning determination method of claim 5 wherein in step a, a 4.75mm square mesh sieve and a 9.5mm square mesh sieve in a coarse aggregate screening test kit are selected to screen the steel slag aggregate.
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