CN113133013A - Method, equipment and system for directional ad hoc network - Google Patents
Method, equipment and system for directional ad hoc network Download PDFInfo
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- CN113133013A CN113133013A CN202110282722.0A CN202110282722A CN113133013A CN 113133013 A CN113133013 A CN 113133013A CN 202110282722 A CN202110282722 A CN 202110282722A CN 113133013 A CN113133013 A CN 113133013A
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of wireless communication, and provides a directional ad hoc network method, equipment and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after detecting a detection frame sent by a source node/an accessed node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the accessed node on a sector of the detected detection frame to determine a time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation; transmitting sounding frames over a plurality of sectors; antenna alignment is performed with neighboring nodes. The invention can realize the directional ad hoc network among the network devices without the help of auxiliary information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a directional ad hoc network method, device and system.
Background
Different from network devices which adopt omnidirectional antennas for ad hoc networks, network devices which adopt directional antennas or beams for ad hoc networks generally realize omnidirectional network coverage by means of a plurality of directional antennas or beam arrays, and electromagnetic signals of the network devices are still transmitted and received according to the directional beams during information transmission and reception. This makes the traditional ad-hoc network based on omni-directional antenna broadcast and listening unable to be applied to the network access of the directional ad-hoc network node.
Currently, network access is usually realized by using auxiliary information such as an omnidirectional antenna and a GPS (Global Positioning System) time service to realize time synchronization and antenna alignment of a directional ad hoc network node.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and a system for directed ad hoc network, so as to solve the problem of how to implement directed ad hoc network without assistance of auxiliary information.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for directional ad hoc network, including:
after detecting a detection frame sent by a source node/an accessed node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the accessed node on a sector of the detected detection frame to determine a time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation;
transmitting sounding frames over a plurality of sectors;
antenna alignment is performed with neighboring nodes.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for directional ad hoc network, including:
the source node and the accessed node send detection frames on a plurality of sectors of the source node and the accessed node;
after the non-network-accessing node monitors the detection frame sent by the source node/the network-accessing node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the network-accessing node on the sector where the detection frame is monitored to determine the time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/the network-accessing node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the network-accessing node based on the time deviation to convert the non-network-accessing node into the network-accessing node;
and the accessed network node and the neighbor nodes carry out antenna alignment.
A third aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides a network device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method according to the first aspect when executing the computer program.
A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a directed ad hoc network system, including a source node and at least one network device as described in the third aspect above.
A fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, after detecting a detection frame sent by a source node/an accessed node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the accessed node on a sector where the detection frame is detected to determine time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation; then sending sounding frames on a plurality of sectors; the antenna alignment is carried out with the neighbor node, and time synchronization can be preferentially completed by carrying out data frame interaction on the sector where the detection frame is intercepted, so that the detected data frame is converted into a network-accessed node; then, by sending the detection frame on a plurality of sectors, further diffusion of synchronous information can be realized, so that more nodes which are not accessed to the network are accessed; and after the time synchronization is finished, the antenna alignment is carried out, so that the alignment of the directional antenna can be realized, the communication quality is improved, and the directional ad hoc network among the network devices is realized under the condition of not depending on auxiliary information.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a directed ad hoc network method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a time synchronization process in a directed ad hoc network method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a directed ad hoc network method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a data frame during time synchronization provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a directed ad hoc network device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.
In order to explain the technical means of the present invention, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for directed ad hoc network according to an embodiment of the present invention. The main execution body of the method is a network device. The network device can access the target network in a directed ad hoc mode, and the configuration of the network device is not limited. In a possible embodiment, the network device may be equipped with a multi-surface directional antenna, or with one or a group of smart antennas with multi-beam forming, and the network device performs directional transmission of electromagnetic signals by using one or more directional beams at a microscopic time to improve signal space propagation capacity; the device can realize the signal omnidirectional coverage of 360 degrees horizontally on a macroscopic scale, and optionally can realize the coverage of not less than 90 degrees in pitch, thereby meeting the requirements of the equipment networking on omnidirectional horizontal coverage and even hemispherical coverage. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s101, after detecting the detection frame sent by the source node/the accessed node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the accessed node on the sector of the detected detection frame to determine the time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation.
In this embodiment, the types of nodes are three types: a source node, a networked node, and an un-networked node. A network composed in a directed ad hoc manner is referred to as a target network. The target network includes a source node. The target network is referenced to the clock time of the source node. The time of the accessed network nodes is kept synchronous with the reference time. The network-accessed node is a node which has access to the target network. The non-access node is a node which does not access the target network, and the non-access node accesses the target network after time synchronization is completed. Specifically, for a network device that is not a source node, the network device is an unconnected node before accessing the target network and is an accessed node after accessing the target network.
The time synchronization of the target network starts first from the source node. The source node may transmit sounding frames over multiple sectors of the source node. And the non-network-accessing node which monitors the detection frame carries out time synchronization with the source node, thereby converting into the network-accessed node. And then, the source node and the accessed node both send the detection frames on a plurality of sectors of the source node and the accessed node, so that more nodes which are not accessed to the network can monitor the detection frames to carry out time synchronization and convert the detection frames into the accessed nodes. The detection frame is used for indicating the non-network-accessing node to carry out time synchronization. Optionally, the probe frame may include an identification of the source node. When the node transmitting the probe frame is the network-connected node, the probe frame may further include an identification of the node transmitting the probe frame.
For an unconnected node, the unconnected node may sense the probe frame sent by the source node or the connected node. The following description will be made separately.
In one possible scenario, the non-network-accessing node senses a probe frame sent by the source node, and then performs data frame interaction with the source node on a sector sensing the probe frame to determine a time offset between the non-network-accessing node and the source node, and performs time synchronization with the source node based on the time offset to convert the non-network-accessing node into a network-accessed node. The non-network-accessing node can adjust its clock time based on the time deviation, so that its clock time is kept synchronous with the clock time of the source node.
In a possible case, the non-network-accessing node listens to a probe frame sent by a certain network-accessing node, then performs data frame interaction with the network-accessing node on a sector where the probe frame is listened to, so as to determine a time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the network-accessing node, and performs time synchronization with the network-accessing node based on the time deviation so as to convert the non-network-accessing node into the network-accessing node. The non-network-accessing node can adjust its clock time based on the time deviation, so that its clock time is kept synchronous with the clock time of the network-accessed node. The non-network-accessing node is indirectly time-synchronized with the source node because the network-accessing node and the source node keep time synchronization.
S102, the detection frame is sent on a plurality of sectors.
And S103, carrying out antenna alignment with the neighbor nodes.
In this embodiment, after one non-network-accessing node completes time synchronization and is converted into a network-accessing node, on one hand, according to the working mode of the network-accessing node, a probe frame is sent on a plurality of sectors of the non-network-accessing node, so that more non-network-accessing nodes are time-synchronized through the probe frame and access to a target network; in another aspect, the node also performs antenna alignment with each neighboring node to determine the best communication sector with each neighboring node. It should be noted that the execution order of S102 and S103 is not limited herein, and S102 may be before S103 or after S103, or S102 and S103 may be executed in parallel.
The embodiment of the invention firstly carries out data frame interaction with a source node/an accessed node on a sector for monitoring a detection frame after the detection frame sent by the source node/the accessed node is monitored, so as to determine the time deviation between the source node/the accessed node and carry out time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation; then sending sounding frames on a plurality of sectors; the antenna alignment is carried out with the neighbor node, and time synchronization can be preferentially completed by carrying out data frame interaction on the sector where the detection frame is intercepted, so that the detected data frame is converted into a network-accessed node; then, by sending the detection frame on a plurality of sectors, further diffusion of synchronous information can be realized, so that more nodes which are not accessed to the network are accessed; and after the time synchronization is finished, the antenna alignment is carried out, so that the alignment of the directional antenna can be realized, the communication quality is improved, and the directional ad hoc network among the network devices is realized under the condition of not depending on auxiliary information.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a time synchronization process in a directed ad hoc network method according to another embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a specific implementation process of how to determine the time offset between the source node and the visited node is described. As shown in fig. 2, interacting a data frame with the source node/a network-accessed node on a sector where the probe frame is sensed in S101 to determine a time offset between the source node and the network-accessed node may include:
s201, a first synchronization request frame is sent to a source node/an accessed node on a sector where the detection frame is intercepted, wherein the first synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the first synchronization request frame.
S202, receiving a first synchronous confirmation frame sent by a source node/an accessed node on a sector which senses the detection frame, wherein the first synchronous confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of a first synchronous request frame and the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame.
S203, determining the time deviation between the source node and the accessed node according to the sending time of the first synchronous request frame, the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame, the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame and the receiving time of the first synchronous confirmation frame.
In this embodiment, for an un-networked node, if the un-networked node senses a probe frame sent by a source node, the un-networked node sends a first synchronization request frame to the source node on a sector sensing the probe frame. After the source node listens to the first synchronization request frame, the source node sends a first synchronization confirmation frame on the sector where the first synchronization request frame is listened to. The non-networked node receives a first synchronization acknowledgement frame on the sector that listened to the probe frame and then determines a time offset from the source node.
If the non-network-accessing node senses a detection frame sent by a certain network-accessing node, a first synchronization request frame is sent to the network-accessing node on a sector sensing the detection frame. And after the accessed network node monitors the first synchronization request frame, the accessed network node sends a first synchronization confirmation frame on the sector which monitors the first synchronization request frame. The non-networked node receives a first synchronization acknowledgement frame on the sector that sensed the probe frame and then determines a time offset from the networked node.
Optionally, determining a time offset between the source node and the network-accessed node according to the sending time of the first synchronization request frame, the receiving time of the first synchronization request frame, the sending time of the first synchronization acknowledgement frame, and the receiving time of the first synchronization acknowledgement frame may include:
and dividing the difference value between the first time difference and the second time difference by 2 to obtain the time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, wherein the first time difference is the difference value between the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame and the sending time of the first synchronous request frame, and the second time difference is the difference value between the receiving time of the first synchronous confirmation frame and the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame.
The formula for calculating the time offset can be expressed as: t ═ T ((T2-T1) - (T4-T3))/2, where T1 is the transmission time of the first synchronization request frame, T2 is the reception time of the first synchronization request frame, T3 is the transmission time of the first synchronization acknowledgement frame, and T4 is the reception time of the first synchronization acknowledgement frame.
Optionally, the first synchronization request frame may include an identification of the node that sent the first synchronization request frame and/or an identification of the target node that sent the first synchronization request frame. The first synchronization acknowledgement frame may include an identification of the node that sent the first synchronization acknowledgement frame and/or an identification of the target node that sent the first synchronization request frame.
Optionally, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, S102 may include:
after entering the synchronous initiation mode each time, a preset number of sounding frames are transmitted on each sector in the plurality of sectors, wherein the preset number is greater than or equal to the total number of sectors transmitting the sounding frames.
In this embodiment, the working modes of the networked node include, but are not limited to, the following two modes: the initiating mode and the listening mode are synchronized. The accessed network node can send a detection frame in a synchronous initiating mode; in the listening mode, data frames sent by other nodes can be listened to. The network-accessed node can selectively enter one of a synchronous initiating mode and a listening mode.
The total number of sectors for which the visited node sends the probe frame and specifically which sectors send the probe frame may be determined according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein. For example, the number of antennas used by a certain network-accessed node to actually send probe frames is N, that is, probe frames are sent on N sectors, and then after entering the synchronization initiation mode each time, M probe frames are sent on each of the N sectors, where M and N are integers greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N, then the total number of probe frames sent by the network-accessed node in one period (traversing all antenna sectors) is at least NMll＝N2。
Optionally, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, after S102, the method further includes:
and after a second synchronization request frame sent by the non-network-accessing node is intercepted, sending a second synchronization confirmation frame to the non-network-accessing node on the sector where the second synchronization request frame is intercepted, wherein the second synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the second synchronization request frame, and the second synchronization confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of the second synchronization request frame and the sending time of the second synchronization confirmation frame.
In this embodiment, after time synchronization is performed between a network device and a source node or a network-accessed node, a non-network-accessed node is converted into a network-accessed node. After the network equipment sends the detection frames on a plurality of sectors, other nodes which are not accessed to the network are guided to carry out time synchronization based on the working mode of the nodes which are accessed to the network. Specifically, if the network device listens to a second synchronization request frame sent by a certain non-network-accessing node, a second synchronization confirmation frame is transmitted to the non-networked node on the sector which senses the second synchronization request frame, wherein the second synchronization request frame includes a transmission time of the second synchronization request frame, the second synchronization confirmation frame includes a reception time of the second synchronization request frame and a transmission time of the second synchronization confirmation frame, so that the non-network-accessing node can determine the time deviation with the network equipment according to the sending time of the second synchronous request frame, the receiving time of the second synchronous request frame, the sending time of the second synchronous confirmation frame and the receiving time of the second synchronous confirmation frame, and adjust the clock time of the non-network-accessing node based on the time deviation, so as to realize the time synchronization with the network equipment, access the target network and convert the target network into the accessed network node.
Optionally, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, S103 may include:
and carrying out information interaction with the neighbor node on the sector with the maximum receiving level in a plurality of sectors in which the detection frame sent by the neighbor node is intercepted, and determining the sector with the maximum receiving level as the best sector for communicating with the neighbor node.
In this embodiment, the network device performs antenna alignment with each neighboring node after performing time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node and converting the time synchronization into the accessed node. Specifically, the antenna alignment method of the network-accessed node is that after a probe frame sent by a certain neighbor node is sensed on a plurality of sectors, information interaction is performed with the neighbor node on a sector with the maximum reception level among the plurality of sectors, negotiation between communication time and the sector is performed, and the sector with the maximum reception level is determined as the best sector for communication with the neighbor node. And respectively determining the optimal sectors for communicating with each neighbor node according to the mode to realize antenna alignment.
Optionally, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, after S101, the method may further include:
and performing time synchronization maintenance according to the time level of the node and the time level of the neighbor node, wherein the time level is related to the minimum hop count between the node and the source node, and the smaller the hop count is, the higher the time level is.
In this embodiment, since the respective clock accuracies of the network-accessed nodes in the network are not consistent, a time deviation still occurs after a period of time, and thus the network-accessed nodes can perform time synchronization maintenance. After the network equipment and the source node/accessed node are time-synchronized and converted into the accessed node, the time synchronization maintenance can be carried out through the time level of the neighbor node monitored in the monitoring mode, so that the time uncertainty caused by device deviation, calculation precision and the like is continuously corrected, and the stability of the time synchronization is ensured. The time level represents the minimum hop count between the node and the source node; for example, if a node B is a neighbor node of the source node a, the node B can directly communicate with the source node a, and the time level of the node B can be represented as 1 (the smaller the value, the higher the time level); and a time level of a node (e.g., node C) that cannot directly communicate with the source node among the neighboring nodes of the node B may represent 2. That is, the node in direct communication with a has the highest time rank, and the time rank of the node decreases gradually every time the node is transferred outward.
Optionally, the step may specifically include:
monitoring the time level of the neighbor node;
when the time level of the self node is lower than that of the neighbor node, performing data frame interaction with the neighbor node to determine the time deviation with the neighbor node, and adjusting the clock time of the self node based on the time deviation with the neighbor node to perform time synchronization with the neighbor node;
and when the time level of the self is not lower than that of the neighbor node, keeping the current time synchronization information of the self unchanged.
Taking a neighboring node C of the meshed node B as an example, the meshed node B may listen to the time class of the neighboring node C. The accessed node B compares the time level of the accessed node B with the time level of the neighbor node C, if the time level of the accessed node B is lower than the time level of the neighbor node C, the accessed node B and the neighbor node C perform data frame interaction through the steps from S01 to S203 to determine the time deviation with the neighbor node C, and adjust the clock time of the accessed node B based on the time deviation with the neighbor node C to perform time synchronization with the neighbor node C; if the time level of the self-time synchronization information is not lower than that of the neighbor node C, the self-time synchronization information is kept unchanged, and the self-clock time is not adjusted.
In the embodiment, the time levels of the neighbor nodes are monitored, and synchronization is performed based on the time of the neighbor node higher than the time level of the neighbor node, so that the neighbor node with the highest time level can be selected to perform time synchronization, and the stability of the time synchronization is improved.
Optionally, on the basis of any of the above embodiments, the source node may be pre-specified, or may be generated according to a preset algorithm, which is not limited herein. Optionally, if the original source node in the target network goes offline or is offline, the target network will automatically promote a new source node to ensure that the network is not broken down. Optionally, the source node has uniqueness in the stable network. When two or more different networks (respectively having different source nodes) are fused, a source node can be determined from the two or more different networks to be fused according to a preset algorithm, and the source node is taken as a time reference for fusion to form a complete network.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for directed ad hoc network according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method is applied to a directional ad hoc network system. As shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
s301, the source node and the accessed node both send probe frames on a plurality of sectors of the source node and the accessed node.
S302, after the non-network-accessing node monitors the detection frame sent by the source node/the network-accessing node, the non-network-accessing node performs data frame interaction with the source node/the network-accessing node on the sector where the detection frame is monitored to determine the time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/the network-accessing node, and performs time synchronization with the source node/the network-accessing node based on the time deviation to convert the non-network-accessing node into the network-accessing node.
S303, the accessed network node and the neighbor node carry out antenna alignment.
In this embodiment, the time synchronization of the target network starts from the source node first. The source node may transmit sounding frames over multiple sectors of the source node. And the non-network-accessing node which monitors the detection frame carries out time synchronization with the source node, thereby converting into the network-accessed node. And then, the source node and the accessed node both send the detection frames on a plurality of sectors of the source node and the accessed node, so that more nodes which are not accessed to the network can monitor the detection frames to carry out time synchronization and convert the detection frames into the accessed nodes. The specific implementation process is similar to the above method embodiment using the network device as the execution subject, and is not described herein again. In this embodiment, the order of steps S301, S302, and S303 is not limited.
In the embodiment of the invention, a source node and a network-accessed node both send detection frames on a plurality of sectors of the source node and the network-accessed node; after the non-network-accessing node monitors the detection frame sent by the source node/the network-accessing node, the non-network-accessing node performs data frame interaction with the source node/the network-accessing node on the sector where the detection frame is monitored so as to determine the time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/the network-accessing node, and performs time synchronization with the source node/the network-accessing node on the basis of the time deviation so as to convert the non-network-accessing node into the network-accessing node; the method comprises the steps that an accessed node and a neighbor node carry out antenna alignment, detection frames are sent on a plurality of sectors of the accessed node through a source node and the accessed node, data frame interaction is carried out on the sectors where the detection frames are intercepted by nodes which are not accessed to the network, time synchronization of the nodes which are not accessed to the network can be preferentially completed, and the nodes which are not accessed to the network are converted into nodes which are accessed to the network; then, the detection frames are sent on a plurality of sectors through the accessed nodes, so that the further diffusion of the synchronous information can be realized, and more nodes which are not accessed to the network are accessed; in addition, after time synchronization is completed, the accessed node and the neighbor node carry out antenna alignment, so that alignment of the directional antenna can be realized, the communication quality is improved, and directional ad hoc network between network devices is realized without the help of auxiliary information.
Optionally, after the non-network-accessing node senses the probe frame sent by the source node/network-accessing node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/network-accessing node on the sector where the probe frame is sensed, to determine a time offset between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/network-accessing node, including:
the non-network-accessing node sends a first synchronization request frame to the source node/the network-accessed node on the sector which monitors the detection frame, wherein the first synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the first synchronization request frame;
after monitoring a first synchronization request frame, a source node/a network-accessed node sends a first synchronization confirmation frame to a non-network-accessed node on a sector monitoring the first synchronization request frame, wherein the first synchronization confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of the first synchronization request frame and the sending time of the first synchronization confirmation frame;
and the non-network-accessing node determines the time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/the network-accessed node according to the sending time of the first synchronous request frame, the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame, the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame and the receiving time of the first synchronous confirmation frame.
Optionally, S301 may include:
after entering a synchronous initiating mode each time, a source node and a network-accessed node send a preset number of detection frames on each sector in a plurality of sectors, wherein the preset number is greater than or equal to the total number of the sectors sending the detection frames.
Optionally, the performing antenna alignment between the networked node and the neighboring node includes:
the accessed node carries out information interaction with the neighbor node on the sector with the maximum receiving level in the plurality of sectors of the detection frame sent by the neighbor node, and determines the sector with the maximum receiving level as the best sector for communicating with the neighbor node.
Optionally, the network-accessed node is a node that has accessed the target network. Optionally, the non-network-accessing node is a node that does not access the target network, and the non-network-accessing node accesses the target network after time synchronization is completed. Optionally, the target network includes a source node, and the target network uses a clock time of the source node as a reference. Optionally, the probe frames sent by the source node and the network-accessed node both include the identifier of the source node.
The implementation principle and technical effect of the directed ad hoc network method provided in this embodiment are similar to those of the method embodiment using the network device as the execution main body, and are not described herein again.
The following describes a directed ad hoc network method provided by an embodiment of the present invention with an implementation example. Each network device in the implementation example is provided with a multi-surface directional antenna, and one or more directional beams are adopted at a microscopic certain moment to carry out directional transmission on electromagnetic signals so as to improve the signal space propagation capacity; the device can realize the omnidirectional coverage of signals of 360 degrees horizontally on a macroscopic scale, and meets the requirement of networking coverage of the device. The flow of establishing the directed self-organizing network comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the network nodes into three categories: a source node type A, an unmanaged node type B and a meshed node type C. Determining a source node as a synchronous initial initiating node according to a predetermined rule; as in some implementations, a device identification number size ordering or human designation may be employed.
And S2, initially taking the source node A as a time synchronization reference, and starting time synchronization of other nodes (all nodes are non-network-connected node types B) until all nodes are converted into a network-connected node type C. The synchronization information diffusion process of the source node or the accessed node has different synchronization information sources, but the basic flows are consistent. For convenience of illustration, in this embodiment, without loss of generality, the synchronization information diffusion process is described by taking nodes E and F as examples, where the node E is a network-accessed node and the node F is a non-network-accessed node.
The node E has two modes of synchronous initiation and interception, the node F only has an interception mode, the node E enters the synchronous initiation mode with a certain probability P (wherein 0< P <1), the node F is guided to complete time synchronization, the network is accessed, and the nodes E and F are mutually marked as neighbor nodes; assuming that the time level of node E from the source node is L, the time level of node F is labeled L + 1. S2 may specifically include the following steps:
s2.1, determining, by the node E, the number M of sounding frames (the length of each sounding frame is TB) sent on each antenna sector according to the number N of actually used antennas, where M is generally equal to N; the total number of sounding frames transmitted by node E during one period (traversed by all antenna sectors) is at least NMll＝M×N＝N2And N is a natural number greater than 1. Fig. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a data frame during time synchronization. In fig. 4, sector 1 is taken as an example, and N sounding frames are transmitted on sector 1.
S2.2, node E with a certain probability P (where 0)<P<1) Randomly entering a synchronous initiation mode, and starting to transmit M detection frames in each sector until all N detection framesMllFinishing sending each detection frame; and then switches to the receive state.
S2.3, if the node F is in an interception mode and receives a detection frame sent by the node E on a certain sector, sending a synchronization request frame (the sending time T1 is marked in the synchronization request frame) to the node E on the sector; after the transmission is completed, the node F is switched to a receiving state.
S2.4, after receiving the synchronization request frame sent by the node F, the node E records the received time T2; and replies to the acknowledgment frame (the reception time T2 and the transmission time T3 are marked in the acknowledgment frame). Fig. 4 shows the sequence of receiving the synchronization request frame, completing receiving the synchronization request frame, and sending the acknowledgement frame by the node E in the sector 1.
S2.5, after receiving the acknowledgement frame from node E, node F records its own receiving time T4, and the time offset between node F and node E is T ═ 2 ((T2-T1) - (T4-T3)).
And S2.6, adjusting the clock of the node F according to the calculated time deviation T to complete time synchronization with the node E, and converting the node F into a network-accessed node.
S3, the accessed node C enters into the interception mode with a certain probability 1-P, intercepts the detection frame sent by the neighbor node in the synchronous initiation mode on different sectors, carries out information interaction with the neighbor node on the sector intercepted with the maximum receiving level, and updates the sector as the optimal communication sector after the interaction is completed, thereby realizing the alignment of the directional antenna and ensuring that the directional antenna sector of the node establishing the link is in the optimal beam direction.
And S4, the accessed node C performs time synchronization maintenance in the interception mode, and continuously corrects the time uncertainty caused by device deviation, calculation precision and the like, so that the stability of time synchronization is ensured. S4 may specifically include the following steps:
s4.1, the accessed node C monitors the time level of the neighbor node from the source node.
And S4.2, judging the relation between the time level of the neighbor node and the time level of the neighbor node.
And S4.3, if the time level of the neighbor node is not higher than the time level of the neighbor node, keeping the current time synchronization information of the neighbor node unchanged.
And S4.4, if the time level of the neighbor node is higher than the self time level, performing information interaction according to S2.3-S2.6, and updating self time synchronization information.
It should be noted that, although the ad hoc network-oriented process is described in a specific order, the execution order of the parts in the implementation process may be determined according to the implementation situation, and is not limited.
The general technical concept in the embodiments of the present invention is: when the antennas are not completely aligned and the time is not completely synchronized (i.e. a certain deviation is allowed), the network is firstly established between the nodes to enable the nodes to work normally, and then the antenna alignment and the time synchronization are continuously updated.
Specifically, the technical idea of time synchronization is as follows: the source node A provides a time reference for the whole network, the initial time (clock starting point) of starting up each node in the network is different, and finally, the respective clock is kept aligned with the node A through a time synchronization algorithm. The time synchronization information of A is firstly diffused to the nodes which can directly communicate, and then is transmitted outwards layer by layer. The nodes which cannot directly communicate with the A can receive the time synchronization information transmitted by a plurality of nodes, so that the largest node can be selected to perform time synchronization according to the time grades of the nodes. After all the nodes in the network complete time synchronization, time difference still occurs after a period of time due to the fact that respective clock accuracies are inconsistent, and therefore the synchronized nodes can periodically update time synchronization information.
In addition, time synchronization and antenna alignment between nodes are fused processes, and are not completely independent. Once a certain node can normally communicate in the process of antenna alignment scanning, information interaction is immediately carried out, and further time synchronization is completed (the function of selecting the optimal communication sector of the antenna can be considered in the process); the node is the accessed node after time synchronization is completed, and can perform diffusion of synchronization information and continuously search and iteratively update the optimal communication sector between the node and the connected node (namely, the neighbor node). Time synchronization is preferably completed in the antenna sector scanning process, and then accurate selection of antenna sectors is performed in detail. Any node works independently in the network, namely the antenna alignment can be independently carried out after the time synchronization of the node is completed, and the state of other nodes is irrelevant.
The embodiment of the invention can complete the time synchronization and the antenna alignment of the directional ad hoc network under the conditions of no requirement on the initial alignment position of the directional antenna and no assistance means (such as an omnidirectional antenna) except the directional antenna, thereby realizing the rapid network access of the node.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a directed ad hoc network device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the ad hoc network device 50 includes: a processing module 501 and a sending module 502.
The processing module 501 is configured to, after detecting a probe frame sent by a source node/an accessed node, perform data frame interaction with the source node/the accessed node on a sector where the probe frame is detected, to determine a time offset between the source node and the accessed node, and perform time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time offset.
A transmitting module 502 configured to transmit sounding frames over a plurality of sectors.
The processing module 501 is further configured to perform antenna alignment with a neighboring node.
In the embodiment of the invention, firstly, after detecting the detection frame sent by the source node/the accessed node, the data frame interaction is carried out with the source node/the accessed node on the sector where the detection frame is detected so as to determine the time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, and the time synchronization is carried out with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation; then sending sounding frames on a plurality of sectors; the antenna alignment is carried out with the neighbor node, and time synchronization can be preferentially completed by carrying out data frame interaction on the sector where the detection frame is intercepted, so that the detected data frame is converted into a network-accessed node; then, by sending the detection frame on a plurality of sectors, further diffusion of synchronous information can be realized, so that more nodes which are not accessed to the network are accessed; in addition, the antenna alignment is carried out after the time synchronization is finished, the alignment of the directional antenna can be realized, and the communication quality is improved, so that the directional ad hoc network among the network devices is realized without the help of auxiliary information.
Optionally, the processing module 501 is configured to:
sending a first synchronization request frame to a source node/accessed node on a sector which monitors a detection frame, wherein the first synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the first synchronization request frame;
receiving a first synchronous confirmation frame sent by a source node/an accessed node on a sector which monitors a detection frame, wherein the first synchronous confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of a first synchronous request frame and the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame;
and determining the time deviation between the source node and the accessed node according to the sending time of the first synchronous request frame, the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame, the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame and the receiving time of the first synchronous confirmation frame.
Optionally, the sending module 502 is configured to:
after entering the synchronous initiation mode each time, a preset number of sounding frames are transmitted on each sector in the plurality of sectors, wherein the preset number is greater than or equal to the total number of sectors transmitting the sounding frames.
Optionally, the sending module 502 is further configured to:
and after a second synchronization request frame sent by the non-network-accessing node is intercepted, sending a second synchronization confirmation frame to the non-network-accessing node on the sector where the second synchronization request frame is intercepted, wherein the second synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the second synchronization request frame, and the second synchronization confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of the second synchronization request frame and the sending time of the second synchronization confirmation frame.
Optionally, the processing module 501 is configured to:
and carrying out information interaction with the neighbor node on the sector with the maximum receiving level in a plurality of sectors in which the detection frame sent by the neighbor node is intercepted, and determining the sector with the maximum receiving level as the best sector for communicating with the neighbor node.
Optionally, the network-accessed node is a node accessed to the target network; the node which does not access the target network is a node which does not access the network, and the node which does not access the network accesses the target network after time synchronization is completed; the target network comprises a source node and takes the clock time of the source node as a reference; the detection frames sent by the source node and the network-accessed node both comprise the identification of the source node.
Optionally, the processing module 501 is further configured to:
and after time synchronization is carried out with the accessed node, time synchronization maintenance is carried out according to the time level of the node and the time level of the neighbor node, wherein the time level represents the minimum hop count between the node and the source node.
Optionally, the processing module 501 is configured to:
monitoring the time level of the neighbor node;
when the time level of the self node is lower than that of the neighbor node, performing data frame interaction with the neighbor node to determine the time deviation with the neighbor node, and adjusting the clock time of the self node based on the time deviation with the neighbor node to perform time synchronization with the neighbor node;
and when the time level of the self is not lower than that of the neighbor node, keeping the current time synchronization information of the self unchanged.
The directed ad hoc network apparatus provided in this embodiment may be used to implement the method embodiment in which the network device is used as an execution subject, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the network device 6 of this embodiment includes: a processor 60, a memory 61 and a computer program 62, such as an ad hoc network-oriented program, stored in said memory 61 and executable on said processor 60. The processor 60, when executing the computer program 62, implements the steps in the various ad hoc network-oriented method embodiments described above, such as the steps 101 to 103 shown in fig. 1. Alternatively, the processor 60, when executing the computer program 62, implements the functions of the modules/units in the above-mentioned device embodiments, such as the functions of the modules 501 to 502 shown in fig. 5.
Illustratively, the computer program 62 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 61 and executed by the processor 60 to implement the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution of the computer program 62 in the network device 6.
The network device 6 may be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm top computer, a communication vehicle, a wireless communication device, or other computing device. The network device 6 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 60, a memory 61. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 6 is merely an example of a network device 6, and does not constitute a limitation of the network device 6, and may include more or less components than those shown, or combine certain components, or different components, for example, the network device 6 may also include input-output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
The Processor 60 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The storage 61 may be an internal storage unit of the network device 6, such as a hard disk or a memory of the network device 6. The memory 61 may also be an external storage device of the network device 6, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like, provided on the network device 6. Further, the memory 61 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the network device 6. The memory 61 is used for storing the computer programs and other programs and data required by the network device 6. The memory 61 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a directed ad hoc network system, including but not limited to a source node and at least one network device as shown in fig. 6.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is illustrated, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated in one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application. The specific working processes of the units and modules in the system may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described or illustrated in a certain embodiment.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus/terminal device and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described embodiments of the apparatus/terminal device are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated modules/units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as separate products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like. It should be noted that the computer readable medium may contain content that is subject to appropriate increase or decrease as required by legislation and patent practice in jurisdictions, for example, in some jurisdictions, computer readable media does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals as is required by legislation and patent practice.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A method for directed ad hoc networking, comprising:
after detecting a detection frame sent by a source node/an accessed node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the accessed node on a sector of the detected detection frame to determine a time deviation between the source node and the accessed node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the accessed node based on the time deviation;
transmitting sounding frames over a plurality of sectors;
antenna alignment is performed with neighboring nodes.
2. A method for directed ad-hoc networking according to claim 1, wherein interacting with the source node/an accessed node for data frames on the sector where the probe frame is sensed to determine the time offset with the source node/the accessed node comprises:
sending a first synchronization request frame to the source node/accessed node on a sector which monitors a detection frame, wherein the first synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the first synchronization request frame;
receiving a first synchronous acknowledgement frame sent by the source node/accessed node on a sector where a detection frame is intercepted, wherein the first synchronous acknowledgement frame comprises the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame and the sending time of the first synchronous acknowledgement frame;
and determining the time deviation between the source node and the accessed node according to the sending time of the first synchronous request frame, the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame, the sending time of the first synchronous confirmation frame and the receiving time of the first synchronous confirmation frame.
3. A method for directed ad hoc networking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the probe frame is transmitted over a plurality of sectors, comprising:
and after entering a synchronous initiating mode each time, sending a preset number of detection frames on each sector in the plurality of sectors, wherein the preset number is greater than or equal to the total number of the sectors sending the detection frames.
4. A method for directed ad hoc networking according to claim 1, wherein after transmitting a sounding frame over a plurality of sectors, the method further comprises:
after a second synchronization request frame sent by a non-network-accessing node is intercepted, a second synchronization confirmation frame is sent to the non-network-accessing node on a sector where the second synchronization request frame is intercepted, wherein the second synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the second synchronization request frame, and the second synchronization confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of the second synchronization request frame and the sending time of the second synchronization confirmation frame.
5. The method of directed ad-hoc networking of claim 1, wherein antenna alignment with a neighboring node comprises:
and carrying out information interaction with the neighbor node on the sector with the maximum receiving level in a plurality of sectors for intercepting the detection frame sent by the neighbor node, and determining the sector with the maximum receiving level as the best sector for communicating with the neighbor node.
6. A directed ad hoc network method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said accessed node is a node having accessed a target network; the node which does not access the target network is an un-access node, and the un-access node accesses the target network after time synchronization is completed; the target network comprises a source node, and the target network takes the clock time of the source node as a reference; the detection frames sent by the source node and the network-accessed node both comprise the identifier of the source node.
7. A directed ad-hoc network method according to claim 6, wherein after time synchronizing with the network-accessed node, the method further comprises:
and performing time synchronization maintenance according to the time level of the node and the time level of the neighbor node, wherein the time level represents the minimum hop count between the node and the source node.
8. A method for directed ad hoc network as claimed in claim 7, wherein the time synchronization maintenance according to the time level of itself and the time level of the neighbor node comprises:
monitoring the time level of the neighbor node;
when the time level of the self-body is lower than that of the neighbor node, performing data frame interaction with the neighbor node to determine the time deviation with the neighbor node, and adjusting the clock time of the self-body based on the time deviation with the neighbor node to perform time synchronization with the neighbor node;
and when the time level of the self is higher than or equal to the time level of the neighbor node, keeping the current time synchronization information of the self unchanged.
9. A method for directed ad hoc networking, the method comprising:
the source node and the accessed node send detection frames on a plurality of sectors of the source node and the accessed node;
after the non-network-accessing node monitors the detection frame sent by the source node/the network-accessing node, performing data frame interaction with the source node/the network-accessing node on the sector where the detection frame is monitored to determine the time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/the network-accessing node, and performing time synchronization with the source node/the network-accessing node based on the time deviation to convert the non-network-accessing node into the network-accessing node;
and the accessed network node and the neighbor nodes carry out antenna alignment.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the non-network-accessing node performs data frame interaction with the source node/network-accessing node on a sector where a probe frame is intercepted after the probe frame sent by the source node/network-accessing node is intercepted, so as to determine the time offset between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/network-accessing node, comprising:
the non-network-accessing node sends a first synchronization request frame to the source node/network-accessed node on the sector which monitors the detection frame, wherein the first synchronization request frame comprises the sending time of the first synchronization request frame;
after the source node/the accessed node monitors the first synchronization request frame, a first synchronization confirmation frame is sent to the non-accessed node on the sector where the first synchronization request frame is monitored, wherein the first synchronization confirmation frame comprises the receiving time of the first synchronization request frame and the sending time of the first synchronization confirmation frame;
and the non-network-accessing node determines the time deviation between the non-network-accessing node and the source node/the network-accessing node according to the sending time of the first synchronous request frame, the receiving time of the first synchronous request frame, the sending time of the first synchronous acknowledgement frame and the receiving time of the first synchronous acknowledgement frame.
11. A method for directed ad hoc network as claimed in claim 9, wherein the source node and the visited node each transmit probe frames over their own plurality of sectors, comprising:
and after the source node and the accessed node enter a synchronous initiating mode each time, sending a preset number of detection frames on each sector in the plurality of sectors, wherein the preset number is greater than or equal to the total number of the sectors sending the detection frames.
12. A method for directed ad-hoc networking according to claim 9, wherein the meshed node and the neighboring node are antenna aligned, comprising:
and the accessed node performs information interaction with the neighbor node on the sector with the maximum receiving level in the plurality of sectors in which the detection frame sent by the neighbor node is intercepted, and determines the sector with the maximum receiving level as the best sector for communicating with the neighbor node.
13. A directed ad hoc network method according to any one of claims 9-12, wherein said visited node is a node that has visited a target network; the node which is not accessed to the network is a node which is not accessed to the target network, and the node which is not accessed to the network is accessed to the target network after the time synchronization is completed; the target network comprises a source node, and the target network takes the clock time of the source node as a reference; the detection frames sent by the source node and the network-accessed node both comprise the identifier of the source node.
14. A network device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-8 when executing the computer program.
15. A directed ad hoc network system comprising a source node and at least one network device according to claim 14.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN115315009A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-11-08 | 天地信息网络研究院(安徽)有限公司 | Space-time-frequency three-dimensional resource allocation method for directional ad hoc network |
| CN115315009B (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-13 | 天地信息网络研究院(安徽)有限公司 | Space-time-frequency three-dimensional resource allocation method for directional ad hoc network |
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| WO2022194139A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
| CN113133013B (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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