CN113132468B - Communication method, communication device, communication system and storage medium based on ModbusTCP protocol - Google Patents
Communication method, communication device, communication system and storage medium based on ModbusTCP protocol Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40228—Modbus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication method, communication equipment, a communication system and a storage medium based on a ModbusTCP protocol. The communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol comprises the following steps: acquiring the reading number of registers of a request data packet and the length of a data field of a return data packet; and establishing a corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet according to the reading number of the registers and the length of the data field. The communication equipment comprises a data transceiver and a processor, wherein the data transceiver is used for sending a request data packet and receiving a return data packet, and the processor is used for acquiring the register reading number of the request data packet and the data field length of the return data packet and establishing the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet according to the register reading number and the data field length. The communication method, the communication equipment, the communication system and the storage medium based on the ModbusTCP can improve the communication efficiency and the communication reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium based on a ModbusTCP protocol.
Background
The Modbus protocol is an industrial field bus protocol standard, and the Modbus TCP protocol is a Modbus protocol based on Ethernet TCP/IP. The ModbusTCP request packet format includes: transaction identifier, protocol identifier, length, unit identifier, function code, starting register address, number of register reads. The format of the return data packet of the normal response of the ModbusTCP protocol comprises the following steps: transaction identifier, protocol identifier, length, unit identifier, function code, data field length, data field.
In actual use, part of device manufacturers do not fully comply with the ModbusTCP protocol format when using the protocol, and the transaction identifier therein is often set to a default fixed value. The unit identifier and the function code are such that, depending on the length, there is no way to distinguish the relationship between the plurality of return packets and the plurality of request packets. Therefore, when data communication is performed using the ModbusTCP protocol, it is necessary to perform the data communication in a one-to-one manner, that is, after the data of the next request is responded and correctly analyzed, the next request can be performed. If the master requests for multiple times, the slave device responds for multiple times, but the returned data packet does not contain the transaction identifier or the transaction identifier is a default fixed value, the relationship between the request and the response cannot be corresponded after the master receives the multiple response data packet, so that the problem of incapability of distinguishing and analyzing is caused, and the data communication rate between the devices is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a communication method based on a ModbusTCP protocol, which can improve the communication efficiency.
The invention also provides communication equipment comprising the communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol.
The invention also provides a communication system comprising the communication equipment.
The invention also provides a storage medium comprising the communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol.
The communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention comprises the following steps: acquiring the reading number of registers of the request data packet and the length of a data field between the return data packets; and establishing the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet according to the reading number of the registers and the length of the data field.
The communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: according to the number of the registers obtained from the request data packet and the length of the data field obtained from the return data packet, the request data packet and the return data packet are in one-to-one correspondence, and the wrong correspondence between the request data packet and the return data packet is avoided, so that data analysis errors are avoided, and the reliability of communication is improved. In addition, by the method for data communication, the next data request can be carried out when the secondary data request is not responded, which is beneficial to improving the communication efficiency.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the establishing a corresponding relationship between the request packet and the return packet according to the number of register reads and the length of the data field includes: judging whether the reading number of the registers and the length of the data field meet the mapping relation; and when the register reading number and the data field length meet the mapping relation, establishing the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the determining whether the number of register reads and the data field length satisfy a mapping relationship includes: acquiring a first function code of the request data packet and a second function code of the return data packet; judging whether the first function code is the same as the second function code; and when the first functional code is the same as the second functional code, judging whether the reading number of the registers and the length of the data field meet the mapping relation.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the determining whether the register reading number and the data field length satisfy the mapping relationship when the first function code is the same as the second function code includes: when the first function code is the same as the second function code, judging the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code; when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a coil reading function code, or when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a discrete register reading function code, judging whether the register reading number and the data field length meet a first mapping relation; and when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read-hold register function code, or when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read-input register function code, judging whether the read number of the registers and the length of the data field meet a second mapping relationship.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in the first mapping relationship, the data field length is increased by 1 byte every time the number of register reads is increased by 8.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in the second mapping relationship, the data field length is increased by 2 bytes every time the number of register reads is increased by 1.
The communication device according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention includes a data transceiver and a processor, the data transceiver is configured to send the request packet and receive the return packet, and the processor is configured to obtain the number of register reads of the request packet and the data field length of the return packet, and establish the correspondence between the request packet and the return packet according to the number of register reads and the data field length.
The communication equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the processor is used for processing the request data packet sent by the data manipulation device and the received return data packet, and the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet is established, so that data analysis errors are avoided, and the communication efficiency is improved.
The communication system according to the third aspect of the present invention includes a response device and the communication device according to the second aspect, where the response device is configured to receive the request packet sent by the data transceiver and return the return packet to the data transceiver.
The communication system according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the return data packet returned by the answering device is processed by the communication device, so that data analysis errors are avoided, and the communication efficiency is improved.
A storage medium according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to execute the ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method according to the first aspect.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a communication method based on ModbusTCP protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first specific flowchart of the ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method shown in fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a second specific flowchart of the ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method shown in fig. 2;
fig. 4 is a third specific flowchart of the ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method shown in fig. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first mapping relationship of a communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second mapping relationship of the communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and more than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as excluding the present number, and more than, less than, etc. are understood as including the present number. If any description to first, second and third is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it is not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
First aspect
Referring to fig. 1, a communication method based on ModbusTCP includes the following steps: step S1000 and step S2000.
Step S1000, obtaining the register reading number of the request data packet and the data field length of the return data packet.
Step S2000, establishing a corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet according to the register reading number and the data field length.
Specifically, taking communication between the master and the slave as an example, the master sends at least one request data packet to the slave, and the slave responds to each request data packet one by one in response to the request of the master and respectively returns corresponding return data packets. And the host receives a return data packet returned by the slave, and acquires the register reading number of the request data packet and the data field length of the return data packet. Under the condition that the register reading number is not repeated, each register reading number corresponds to one data field length respectively. The host compares the register reading number with the data field length according to the register reading number and the data field length so as to obtain a corresponding relation, and the register reading number is in one-to-one correspondence with the data field length so as to enable the request data packet to be in one-to-one correspondence with the return data packet. That is, the host associates the received return packet with the transmitted request packet, and analyzes the corresponding return packet according to the request packet to obtain correct data. The method enables the host to send the next request when the secondary request is not responded by the slave, and the host can establish the corresponding relation between each request data packet and the corresponding return data packet in a plurality of return data packets returned by the slave so as to analyze the data, thereby being beneficial to improving the communication efficiency and improving the communication reliability.
Referring to fig. 2, step S2000 further includes step S2100 and step S2200.
Step S2100 determines whether the number of register reads and the data field length satisfy a mapping relationship.
Step S2200, when the register reading number and the data field length meet the mapping relation, establishing the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet.
Specifically, for example, after the host communicates with the slave, after the register read number and the data field length are obtained, the host needs to determine whether the register read number and the data field length satisfy the mapping relationship in a comparison manner, so that the register read number corresponds to the data field length, and the corresponding relationship between the request data packet and the return data packet is obtained. The mapping relationship may be one-to-one or many-to-one. For example, one register read number corresponds to one data field length; alternatively, the number of register reads corresponds to a data field length. In the judging process, the host can read the number of each register through a preset mapping relation table and find the corresponding data field length, so that the data field length corresponding to the number of the register read numbers is found in a plurality of returned data packets through comparison, the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the returned data packet is established, correct data analysis between the request data packets and the returned data packets is facilitated, the reliability of communication is improved, the host can send the next request without waiting for the response of the slave, and the communication efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, step S2100 further includes step S2110, step S2120, and step S2130.
Step S2110, acquiring a first function code of the request packet and a second function code of the return packet.
Step S2120, it is determined whether the first function code is the same as the second function code.
In step S2130, when the first function code is the same as the second function code, it is determined whether the number of register reads and the length of the data field satisfy the mapping relationship.
Specifically, taking the communication between the master and the slave as an example, the function codes are of various types, namely a coil reading function code, a discrete register reading function code, a holding register reading function code and an input register reading function code, so that the request data packet and the return data packet have various functions. For example, when the first function code is a coil reading function code, the function of the request packet is to request to read the state of the coil, and the second function code of the corresponding return packet should also be the coil reading function code, and the return packet is used for returning data of the state of the coil; or, when the first function code is a read/hold register function code, the function of the request packet is to request to read data in the save register, and the second function code of the corresponding return packet is also a read/hold register function code, and the return packet is used to return data in the hold register. When the request packet and the return packet correspond, the first function code of the request packet should be the same as the second function code of the return packet.
In order to avoid the establishment of the corresponding relationship between the request data packet and the return data packet, which do not correspond to the function, it is necessary to determine whether the read number of the register and the length of the data field satisfy the mapping relationship by determining whether the first function code is the same as the second function code, which is beneficial to establishing the corresponding relationship between the request data packet and the return data packet.
The mapping relationship includes one-to-one and many-to-one. For example, the first function code and the second function code are coil reading function codes, or the first function code and the second function code are discrete register reading function codes, and the mapping relationship between the register reading number and the data field length is many-to-one; or the first function code and the second function code are read-hold register function codes, or the first function code and the second function code are read-input register function codes, and the mapping relation between the register reading number and the data field length is one-to-one. Therefore, in order to avoid the wrong mapping, whether the read number of the register and the length of the data field meet the mapping relation can be judged by judging whether the first function code is the same as the second function code, which is beneficial to establishing the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet.
Referring to fig. 4, step S2130 includes step S2131, step S2132, and step S2133.
In step S2131, when the first function code is the same as the second function code, the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is determined.
Step S2132, when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a coil reading function code, or when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a discrete register reading function code, determining whether the number of register readings and the data field length satisfy a first mapping relationship.
Step S2133, when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read hold register function code, or when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read input register function code, determining whether the number of register reads and the data field length satisfy a second mapping relationship.
Specifically, the mapping relationship exists in two types, one-to-one and many-to-one. For example, the first function code and the second function code are coil reading function codes, or the first function code and the second function code are discrete register reading function codes, and the mapping relationship between the register reading number and the data field length is many-to-one; for another example, if the first function code and the second function code are read-hold register function codes, or the first function code and the second function code are read-input register function codes, the mapping relationship between the number of register reads and the data field length is one-to-one. Therefore, when the first function code is the same as the second function code, the type of the mapping relationship between the register reading number and the data field length can be judged by judging the type of the first function code or the second function code, so as to more accurately establish the corresponding relationship between the request data packet and the return data packet.
On the premise that the first function code and the second function code are the same, for example, referring to fig. 5, if the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a coil reading function code, or the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a discrete register reading function code, the mapping relationship between the register reading number and the data field length is many-to-one, so as to determine whether the register reading number and the data field length satisfy the first mapping relationship; for another example, referring to fig. 6, if the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read hold register function code, or the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read input register function code, the mapping relationship between the register read number and the data field length is one-to-one, so as to determine whether the register read number and the data field length satisfy the second mapping relationship. To facilitate understanding of the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship, the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship are illustrated in table 1 and table 2, respectively.
| Register read number (unit: one) | Data field length (unit: byte) |
| m(1≤m≤8) | 1 |
| m+8 | 2 |
| m+8×2 | 3 |
| m+8×n | 1+n |
TABLE 1
In table 1, the value range of m is 1 to 8, the value range of n is 1 to 254, the value range of the register read number is 1 to 2040, and the value range of the data field length is 1 to 255, where the register read number and the data field length are both integers. Table 1 is used to illustrate the first mapping relationship. For example, in table 1, when the number of register reads is 8, the data field length is 1; when the number of the register reads is 9, the length of the data field is 2; when the number of register reads is 10, the data field length is 2. That is, in the first mapping relationship, the data field length is increased by 1 byte every time the number of register reads is increased by 8.
| Register read number (unit: one) | Data field length (unit: byte) |
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 3 | 6 |
| i | 2×i |
TABLE 2
In table 2, the value range of i is 1 to 127, the value range of the register read number is 1 to 127, and the value of the data field length is twice that of i, where the register read number and the data field length are both integers. Table 2 is used to illustrate the second mapping relationship, for example, in table 2, when the number of register reads is 1, the data field length is 2; when the number of the register reads is 2, the length of the data field is 4; when the number of register reads is 16, the data field length is 32. That is, in the second mapping relationship, the data field length is increased by 2 bytes every time the number of register reads is increased by 1.
Second aspect of the invention
Referring to fig. 7, a communication device includes a data transceiver configured to send a request packet and receive a return packet, and a processor configured to obtain a register reading number of the request packet and a data field length of the return packet, and establish a correspondence relationship between the request packet and the return packet according to the register reading number and the data field length.
The communication device is used as a master, and for example, the master communicates with the slave, the communication device communicates with the slave. The communication device may send request packets and receive return packets through the data transceiver means. The communication equipment can send the next request before the slave responds to the next request in the process of communicating with the slave through the processor, so that the communication efficiency is improved, and the processor can establish the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet, so that the data analysis is facilitated, and the communication reliability is improved.
It should be noted that the communication device further includes a storage unit, configured to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the communication method based on the ModbusTCP protocol of the first aspect is implemented, so as to improve communication efficiency and communication reliability.
Third aspect of the invention
Referring to fig. 7, a communication system includes a responder device and the communication device of the second aspect, wherein the responder device is configured to receive a request packet sent by the data transceiver and return a return packet to the data transceiver. Specifically, the communication device is used as a master, the response device is used as a slave, and in the communication process between the master and the slave, the master can send the next request before the slave responds to the next request, so that the communication efficiency is improved, the corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet can be established, the data analysis is facilitated, and the communication reliability is improved.
In a fourth aspect, a storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to execute the ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method according to the first aspect.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A communication method based on ModbusTCP protocol is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the reading number of registers of a request data packet and the length of a data field of a return data packet;
acquiring a first function code of the request data packet and a second function code of the return data packet;
judging whether the first function code is the same as the second function code;
when the first functional code is the same as the second functional code, judging whether the reading number of the registers and the length of the data field meet the mapping relation;
when the register reading number and the data field length meet the mapping relation, establishing a corresponding relation between the request data packet and the return data packet;
when the first function code is the same as the second function code, judging whether the reading number of the registers and the length of the data field meet the mapping relationship, comprising the following steps:
when the first function code is the same as the second function code, judging the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code;
when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a coil reading function code, or when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a discrete register reading function code, judging whether the register reading number and the data field length meet a first mapping relation;
and when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read-hold register function code, or when the type of the first function code or the type of the second function code is a read-input register function code, judging whether the read number of the registers and the length of the data field meet a second mapping relationship.
2. The ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method according to claim 1, wherein in the first mapping relationship, the data field length is increased by 1 byte every time the number of register reads is increased by 8.
3. The ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the second mapping relationship, the data field length is increased by 2 bytes every time the number of register reads is increased by 1.
4. A communication device, comprising data transceiver means for transmitting request packets and receiving return packets, a processor, and a storage unit, wherein the storage unit stores a computer program, and the processor implements a ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 when executing the computer program.
5. A communication system comprising a response device and the communication device according to claim 4, wherein the response device is configured to receive the request packet transmitted by the data transmission and reception means and return the return packet to the data transmission and reception means.
6. A storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to perform the ModbusTCP protocol-based communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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