CN113132069A - Communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission and method for realizing same based on FPGA - Google Patents
Communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission and method for realizing same based on FPGA Download PDFInfo
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- CN113132069A CN113132069A CN202110304104.1A CN202110304104A CN113132069A CN 113132069 A CN113132069 A CN 113132069A CN 202110304104 A CN202110304104 A CN 202110304104A CN 113132069 A CN113132069 A CN 113132069A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
- H04L1/188—Time-out mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
- H04L1/1887—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission and a method for realizing the same based on FPGA, wherein the communication mechanism of a sending end comprises the steps of generating a new sending sequence number for a current data segment to be sent in a sending queue, packaging the current data segment to be sent with the sending sequence number, sending the data segment, and receiving a confirmation return packet; acquiring the sending sequence numbers of a plurality of sent data segments in a preset time period, and modifying the acknowledgement packet receiving mark of the sent data segments matched with the sending sequence numbers in the acknowledgement packet into a received acknowledgement packet; the method comprises the steps of judging whether a data segment with the earliest sending time in sent data segments in a preset time period confirms that a packet receiving mark is received or not, and if not, inserting the data segment into a sending queue with the highest priority to enter a retransmission process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission and a method for realizing the same based on an FPGA (field programmable gate array).
Background
In many embedded small systems, in consideration of reducing the complexity of the system, a complete and mature communication protocol is not often used for transmitting instructions and data, and some custom communication protocols or some simple communication protocols are used at this time. Such as UART for serial port communication, UDP for internet access communication, etc., these simple communication protocols cannot guarantee the reliability of communication. When the system connection is unreliable or is interfered by the outside world, the packet loss phenomenon occurs, and therefore some important instructions and data are missed. Therefore, in some simple systems, it is necessary to introduce some less complex packet loss retransmission mechanisms.
The precondition of packet loss retransmission is to find out packet loss, and a handshake mechanism is usually added in the communication process, that is, after a receiving end receives a communication packet from a transmitting end, a confirmation packet is returned. After the sending end confirms that the packet is received, the communication is considered to be successful. For command transmission, the requirement on bandwidth is not high, and the command transmission may be performed one by one, and the data transmission may be performed one by one, but for data, if a data packet is transmitted and then a packet is returned after waiting for acknowledgement, the next data packet is continuously transmitted, which may waste bandwidth.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a packet loss retransmission mechanism with lower complexity and capable of improving the broadband utilization rate and an implementation method thereof, and the technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission is provided, and is applied to a sending end, and includes:
(1) generating a new sending sequence number for the current data segment to be sent in the sending queue, packaging the current data segment to be sent with the sending sequence number, then sending the data segment, and simultaneously receiving a confirmation return packet;
(2) acquiring the sending sequence numbers of a plurality of sent data segments in a preset time period, and modifying the acknowledgement packet receiving mark of the sent data segments matched with the sending sequence numbers in the acknowledgement packet into a received acknowledgement packet;
(3) and (3) judging whether the data segment with the earliest sending time in the sent data segments in the preset time period confirms that the packet receiving mark is received or not, if not, inserting the data segment into the sending queue with the highest priority, and returning to the step (1).
In a possible implementation manner, the inserting the data segment into the transmission queue at the highest priority further includes: and judging whether the retransmission times of the data segment reach the upper limit value or not, and if not, inserting the data segment into the transmission queue with the highest priority.
In a possible implementation manner, the (1) encapsulating and sending the current data segment to be sent with the sending sequence number, further includes: storing parameter information of the encapsulated data segment, wherein the parameter information comprises a data segment sending sequence number L, a data segment A1, a packet receiving confirmation mark B and a data segment retransmission time C.
In one possible implementation, the data segment carries the updated retransmission number parameter when inserted into the transmission queue at the highest priority.
In one possible implementation manner, the number of data segment retransmissions C is initially 0, and the upper limit value is 2.
In a possible implementation manner, the preset time period in (2) is within a first preset data segment transmission period before the current data segment transmission time to be transmitted.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining of the transmission sequence numbers of the multiple transmitted data segments in the preset time period in (2) refers to the transmission sequence number of the first preset data segment before the current data segment to be transmitted.
In a possible implementation, the first preset value is taken as 16.
In a second aspect, a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission is provided, and is applied to a receiving end, and includes:
(91) analyzing the transmission sequence number carried in the received encapsulated data segment, and encapsulating the analyzed transmission sequence number into a confirmation return packet for transmission;
(92) judging whether the content of the data segment is repeatedly received or not, if not, not processing, and if so, entering a step (93);
(93) and covering the original data with the data of the latest received data packet as effective data.
In a third aspect, a method for implementing the above communication mechanism based on an FPGA is provided, which includes:
(101) according to the address of the current data segment to be sent in the sending queue, the current data segment to be sent is obtained through addressing, a new sending serial number is generated for the current data segment to be sent, the current data segment to be sent is packaged with the sending serial number and then sent, and meanwhile, a confirmation return packet is received;
(102) assigning original parameter information stored in each register in a preset register space to a previous sequence number register, and storing the parameter information of the latest encapsulated data segment to a maximum sequence number register, wherein the parameter information comprises a data segment sending sequence number, a data segment address and a confirmation packet receiving mark;
(103) comparing the sending sequence number in the acknowledgement packet with the sending sequence number of each register in the preset register space one by one, and updating the acknowledgement packet receiving mark stored in the register with the same sending sequence number to be in a received state;
(104) and judging whether the acknowledgement packet receiving mark stored in the minimum sequence number register of the preset register space is updated to be in a received state or not, if not, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue with the highest priority, and returning to the step (101).
In a possible implementation manner, before inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the transmission queue with the highest priority, the method further includes: and judging whether the retransmission times stored in the minimum sequence number register reaches an upper limit value or not, and if not, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue at the highest priority.
In a possible implementation manner, the parameter information further includes a data segment retransmission number.
In a possible implementation manner, the address stored in the minimum sequence number register carries the updated retransmission number parameter when being inserted into the transmission queue at the highest priority.
The communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission and the method for realizing the same based on the FPGA have the following beneficial effects that:
1. the invention continuously sends the data packets according to the sending sequence number in sequence without confirming the acknowledgement packet of the last sent data packet, and receives the acknowledgement packet in parallel while continuously sending the data packets, so long as the acknowledgement packet is received within the preset time limit range, the successful communication transmission of the data segment can be confirmed, the utilization rate of the data transmission bandwidth is improved on the premise of avoiding data packet loss, and the data transmission speed is improved.
2. When the confirmation return packet is not received within the preset delay time limit range, the invention judges that the packet loss occurs, and inserts the data into the sending queue for retransmission according to the highest priority under the condition that the retransmission times of the data do not exceed the retransmission times limit, thereby effectively improving the reliability of data transmission and realizing a packet loss retransmission mechanism with lower complexity.
3. The invention relates to a method for realizing a communication mechanism based on FPGA, which is characterized in that a register space is established and maintained at a sending end for storing data packet parameter information, the management of the processes of sending, packet loss judgment, retransmission and the like of a data packet is realized at the sending end, the waiting time after sending out a data segment is fixed as the sending period of 16 encapsulated data segments, namely, the sending end only needs to maintain a storage space containing 16 registers, each data segment is retransmitted for 2 times at most, and few logic resources are used for realizing the mechanism of packet loss retransmission, thereby realizing the high-efficiency management of the data communication process, effectively improving the data transmission rate and reducing the data loss.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission applied to a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission applied to a receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a communication mechanism based on an FPGA at a sending end in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission, which is applied to a sending end, and includes:
(1) generating a new sending sequence number for a current data segment to be sent in a sending queue, wherein the sending sequence number of each data segment in the sending queue can be 1,2, 3 from small to large, the current data segment to be sent is packaged with the sending sequence number and then sent, and meanwhile, a confirmation return packet is received; the sending end continuously sends the data packets in sequence according to the sending sequence number without waiting for receiving the acknowledgement packet of the latest sent encapsulated data segment, and simultaneously analyzes the received acknowledgement packet to obtain the sending sequence number;
in addition, when the current data segment to be sent is packaged and sent with a sending sequence number, parameter information of the packaged data segment needs to be stored, where the parameter information includes a data segment sending sequence number L, a data segment a1, a packet receiving return confirmation flag B, and a data segment retransmission number C.
(2) Acquiring the sending sequence numbers of a plurality of sent data segments in a preset time period, and modifying the acknowledgement packet receiving mark of the sent data segments matched with the sending sequence numbers in the acknowledgement packet into a received acknowledgement packet;
the step can only modify the acknowledgment packet receiving flag B of the data segment sent within the preset time period, that is, for each sent data segment, the time for the sending end to receive the corresponding acknowledgment packet is limited within the preset time period, and beyond this time period, the receiving end is considered not to receive the data, and the retransmission is considered.
In addition, for the received acknowledgement packet, only the acknowledgement packet reception flag B of the sent data segment with the matching transmission sequence number is modified to be received, for example, the sending end sends the encapsulated data segment with the transmission sequence numbers 1 to 16, and receives the acknowledgement packet with the transmission sequence number 14, the sending end only determines that the sent data segment with the transmission sequence number 14 is successfully received by the receiving end, that is, the one-to-one correspondence between the transmission sequence number of the acknowledgement packet and the transmission sequence number of the sent data segment is used to determine whether each sent data packet has been successfully received by the receiving end.
In the preset time period, the implementation adopts the first preset data segment transmission period before the current data segment transmission time to be transmitted. Then, the sending sequence numbers of the multiple sent data segments in the preset time period are obtained, which refer to the sending sequence numbers of the first preset data segments before (including) the current data segment to be sent, and the first preset value is 16, for example, when the sending sequence numbers are 1,2, 3.
(3) Judging whether a data segment acknowledgement packet receiving mark with the earliest sending time in sent data segments in a preset time period is received, for example, sending sequence numbers are 1,2, 3 in sequence, if so, confirming whether an acknowledgement packet of the data segment with the sending sequence number of 1 is received after the packaged data segment with the number of 16 is sent, if not, confirming that the receiving end does not receive the data segment, then inserting the data segment into a sending queue with the highest priority for retransmission, and returning to the step (1).
(4) Repeating the steps until the data segment is sent out or the packet sending is interrupted.
Preferably, before inserting the data segment into the transmission queue with the highest priority, the method further includes: judging whether the retransmission times of the data segment reach the upper limit value, if so, namely when the retransmission times of the data segment exceed the preset maximum times, abandoning the transmission of the data segment, not retransmitting the data segment, if not, inserting the data segment into the transmission queue with the highest priority, correspondingly, carrying the updated retransmission times parameter when inserting the data segment into the transmission queue with the highest priority, wherein the updating of the retransmission times C is adding 1 to the original numerical value.
When the data segment is retransmitted, the data segment is added into the sending queue again, and the step (1) is returned, that is, when the current position to be sent in the sending queue is reached, a new sending sequence number is generated for encapsulation sending, that is, if the same data segment is sent for multiple times, the sending sequence number carried each time is different. Correspondingly, when receiving the data, the receiving end may receive a plurality of encapsulation packets of the same data segment, and the transmission sequence number carried in each encapsulation packet is different. In this case, the receiving end processes the received encapsulated data segment as follows.
The embodiment further provides a communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission, which is applied to a receiving end, and includes:
(91) analyzing the transmission sequence number carried in the received encapsulated data segment, and encapsulating the analyzed transmission sequence number into a confirmation return packet for transmission;
(92) judging whether the content of the data segment is repeatedly received, if not, indicating that the sending end repeatedly sends the data segment, and the receiving end firstly receives the data packet of the content of the data segment, directly storing the received data segment without processing, if so, indicating that the sending end sends the data packet of the content of the data segment to the receiving end last time, the receiving end successfully receives and sends a confirmation return packet, but the sending end does not receive the confirmation return packet, then repeatedly sending the data packet, and the receiving end repeatedly receives the data packet of the same content of the data segment, and then entering step (93), wherein the receiving end judges whether the content of the data segment is repeatedly received or not, and can be used for judging parameters such as a frame number carried during link layer encapsulation in the data segment sending process;
(93) and covering the original data with the data of the latest received data packet as effective data.
The present embodiment also provides a method for implementing the communication mechanism of the foregoing embodiment based on an FPGA, including:
(100) opening up a register space for storing parameter information of encapsulated data segments, including p registers, in this embodiment, p takes the value of 16, and manages the serial numbers of each register in turn, and each register is used for storing a data packet number L, a data segment storage address a2, a packet receiving confirmation flag B, and retransmission times C; the initial value of the acknowledge back packet receiving flag B is "0", which indicates that the acknowledge back packet of the data packet has not been received, and when the corresponding value B is "1", which indicates that the acknowledge back packet of the data packet has been received, the initial value of the number of retransmissions C is "0", specifically, the number of bits of each register includes M-bit data packet number data, N-bit data segment storage address data, 1-bit acknowledge back packet receiving state data, and 2-bit retransmission number data;
(101) according to the address of the current data segment to be sent in the sending queue, the current data segment to be sent is obtained through addressing, a new sending serial number is generated for the current data segment to be sent, the current data segment to be sent is packaged with the sending serial number and then sent, and meanwhile, a confirmation return packet is received;
(102) assigning original parameter information stored in each register in a preset register space to a previous sequence number register, and storing the parameter information of a latest encapsulated data segment to a maximum sequence number register, wherein the parameter information comprises a data segment sending sequence number, a data segment address and a confirmation packet receiving mark, concretely, under the condition that the register space is provided with 16 registers, the originally stored data of the No. 1 register is deleted, the originally stored data of the No. 2 register is assigned to the No. 1 register, and the like, the originally stored data of the No. 16 register is assigned to the No. 15 register, and meanwhile, the parameter information of a latest encapsulated data segment is stored to the No. 16 register, namely, a sending end maintains a storage space formed by 16 registers and is used for managing sending, packet loss judgment, retransmission, packet loss judgment and the like of the data segment of the sending end, Discarding, and the like.
(103) Comparing the sending sequence number in the acknowledgement packet with the sending sequence number of each register in the preset register space one by one, and updating the acknowledgement packet receiving mark stored in the register with the same sending sequence number to be in a received state;
(104) and judging whether the acknowledgement packet receiving mark stored in the minimum sequence number register of the preset register space is updated to be in a received state or not, if not, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue with the highest priority, and returning to the step (101).
Repeating the steps until the data segment is sent out or the packet sending is interrupted.
Preferably, before inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the transmission queue with the highest priority, the method further includes: judging whether the retransmission times stored in the minimum sequence number register reach the upper limit value, if not, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue with the highest priority, correspondingly, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue with the highest priority and carrying an updated retransmission times parameter, wherein the parameter stored in each register further comprises a data segment retransmission times C, and before the data segment needs to be inserted into the sending queue with the highest priority for retransmission, updating the retransmission times C, namely adding 1 to the retransmission times value stored in the minimum sequence number register.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications without creative efforts from the above-described conception, and fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission is applied to a sending end, and is characterized by comprising:
(1) generating a new sending sequence number for the current data segment to be sent in the sending queue, packaging the current data segment to be sent with the sending sequence number, then sending the data segment, and simultaneously receiving a confirmation return packet;
(2) acquiring the sending sequence numbers of a plurality of sent data segments in a preset time period, and modifying the acknowledgement packet receiving mark of the sent data segments matched with the sending sequence numbers in the acknowledgement packet into a received acknowledgement packet;
(3) and (3) judging whether the data segment with the earliest sending time in the sent data segments in the preset time period confirms that the packet receiving mark is received or not, if not, inserting the data segment into the sending queue with the highest priority, and returning to the step (1).
2. The communication mechanism for retransmission of lost packets according to claim 1, wherein the inserting the data segment into the transmission queue with the highest priority further comprises: and judging whether the retransmission times of the data segment reach the upper limit value or not, and if not, inserting the data segment into the transmission queue with the highest priority.
3. The communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission according to claim 2, wherein the step (1) of encapsulating and transmitting the transmission sequence number carried by the current data segment to be transmitted further comprises: storing parameter information of the encapsulated data segment, wherein the parameter information comprises a data segment sending sequence number L, a data segment A1, a packet receiving confirmation mark B and a data segment retransmission time C.
4. The communication mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the updated retransmission number parameter is carried when the data segment is inserted into the transmission queue with the highest priority.
5. The communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time period in (2) is within a first predetermined data segment transmission period before a current data segment transmission time to be transmitted.
6. The communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission according to claim 5, wherein the obtaining of the transmission sequence numbers of the multiple transmitted data segments in the preset time period in (2) is the transmission sequence number of the first preset data segment before the current data segment to be transmitted.
7. The communication mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the first preset value is 16.
8. A communication mechanism for packet loss retransmission is applied to a receiving end, and is characterized by comprising:
(91) analyzing the transmission sequence number carried in the received encapsulated data segment, and encapsulating the analyzed transmission sequence number into a confirmation return packet for transmission;
(92) judging whether the content of the data segment is repeatedly received or not, if not, not processing, and if so, entering a step (93);
(93) and covering the original data with the data of the latest received data packet as effective data.
9. The method for implementing the communication mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 8 based on the FPGA, comprising:
(101) according to the address of the current data segment to be sent in the sending queue, the current data segment to be sent is obtained through addressing, a new sending serial number is generated for the current data segment to be sent, the current data segment to be sent is packaged with the sending serial number and then sent, and meanwhile, a confirmation return packet is received;
(102) assigning original parameter information stored in each register in a preset register space to a previous sequence number register, and storing the parameter information of the latest encapsulated data segment to a maximum sequence number register, wherein the parameter information comprises a data segment sending sequence number, a data segment address and a confirmation packet receiving mark;
(103) comparing the sending sequence number in the acknowledgement packet with the sending sequence number of each register in the preset register space one by one, and updating the acknowledgement packet receiving mark stored in the register with the same sending sequence number to be in a received state;
(104) and judging whether the acknowledgement packet receiving mark stored in the minimum sequence number register of the preset register space is updated to be in a received state or not, if not, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue with the highest priority, and returning to the step (101).
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the transmission queue with the highest priority further comprises: and judging whether the retransmission times stored in the minimum sequence number register reaches an upper limit value or not, and if not, inserting the address stored in the minimum sequence number register into the sending queue at the highest priority.
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