CN113131954A - ADS-B system - Google Patents
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- CN113131954A CN113131954A CN201911425396.3A CN201911425396A CN113131954A CN 113131954 A CN113131954 A CN 113131954A CN 201911425396 A CN201911425396 A CN 201911425396A CN 113131954 A CN113131954 A CN 113131954A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/06—Receivers
- H04B1/16—Circuits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0043—Traffic management of multiple aircrafts from the ground
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
- G08G5/0073—Surveillance aids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ADS-B system, which relates to the technical field of ADS-B communication messages, wherein the system runs in a storage analysis server and a plurality of maintenance terminals of a server side, and comprises five functional modules, namely a data processing module, a situation display module, a recording replay module, an operation management module and a user service module. Compared with the traditional primary radar monitoring, the ADS-B system solves the problems that the manufacturing cost is high, the airplane speed cannot be displayed, data communication cannot be established and the like; compared with a secondary radar, the ADS-B system solves the problems of screen display information overlapping disorder, poor azimuth precision, region limitation and the like; the ADS-B system is used for receiving, analyzing, storing, displaying and applying ADS-B monitoring data of the airplane, and solves the problem that the ground cannot monitor airplane information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ADS-B communication messages, in particular to an ADS-B system.
Background
At present, the large-scale use of aircraft makes airlines more crowded and therefore more complex and more demanding on flight safety. Communication control software systems for flight safety control are widely used, but a large technical gap exists in the development of such software systems.
With the development of technology, computers have been deeply living in various aspects, and more industries use computer programs to perform work which is high in danger and accuracy or cannot be performed by people. In the field of aviation, the monitoring and coordination of the state of an airplane are more important. A BroadCast type Automatic correlation monitoring system (ADS-B) is composed of multiple ground stations and airborne stations, and data bidirectional communication is achieved in a state and point-to-multipoint mode. ADS-B is an information system integrating communication and monitoring, and is composed of an information source, an information transmission channel and an information processing and displaying part, and organically combines conflict detection, conflict avoidance, conflict resolution, ATC monitoring, ATC consistency monitoring and cabin comprehensive information display, thereby enhancing and expanding abundant functions of the new navigation system and bringing potential economic and social benefits.
Generally, the relevant functions can be completed only by onboard electronic equipment (a GPS receiver, a data link transceiver and an antenna thereof, a cockpit conflict information display CDTI) without any ground auxiliary equipment, and the airplane equipped with the ADS-B can broadcast the precise position of the airplane and other data (such as speed, altitude, whether the airplane turns, climbs or descends and the like) through the data link. The receiver of the ADS-B is combined with an air traffic control system and airborne ADS-B of other airplanes, so that accurate and real-time conflict information can be provided in the air; ADS-B is a new technology that redefines the three major elements (communication, navigation, surveillance) in current air traffic control.
The existing method for determining and monitoring airplane information through a radar has the problems of high manufacturing cost, incapability of displaying airplane speed, incapability of establishing data communication, disorder of screen display information overlapping, poor azimuth precision, region limitation and the like; therefore, it is highly desirable to solve the problems of the existing method for determining and monitoring the airplane information by radar based on the ADS-B system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides an ADS-B system, which solves the problems of high cost, inability to display airplane speed, inability to establish data communication, etc. compared with the conventional one-time radar monitoring; compared with a secondary radar, the ADS-B system solves the problems of screen display information overlapping disorder, poor azimuth precision, region limitation and the like; the ADS-B system is used for receiving, analyzing, storing, displaying and applying ADS-B monitoring data of the airplane, and solves the problem that the ground cannot monitor airplane information; meanwhile, the ADS-B system supports data processing of multiple ground stations, supports at most 8 data source excitations, and can better support flight monitoring and management.
The invention provides an ADS-B system, which runs in a storage analysis server and a plurality of maintenance terminals of a server, and comprises five functional modules, namely a data processing module, a situation display module, a recording replay module, a running management module and a user service module;
the system runs in a storage analysis server and a plurality of maintenance terminals of a server and comprises five functional modules which are a data processing module, a situation display module, a recording replay module, a running management module and a user service module respectively;
the data processing module is used for receiving and processing ADS-B data and performing monitoring data processing, monitoring information synthesis, alarm detection processing, multi-station information processing and redundancy coordination processing through an algorithm;
the situation display module is used for displaying data of monitoring data processing, monitoring information synthesis, alarm detection processing, multi-station information processing and redundancy coordination processing, and performing display control and measurement, track display and management, alarm prompt, manual intervention, background map display and management and airspace management;
the record replay module is used for carrying out data recording, data replay, data unloading, data retrieval and replay control;
the operation management module is used for realizing data synchronization and data interaction;
the user service module is used for user management and maintenance and authority management, and different users are ensured to enjoy different levels of information services.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes an external display, and the external display is used for managing data display, replaying data display, and integrating data display.
In an embodiment of the invention, the data processing module receives ADS-B data from a network cable or HDLC port.
In an embodiment of the invention, the data processing module receives ADS-B data, analyzes the data to obtain data of an airplane and a ground station, and processes monitoring data, MDS data and secondary radar data to form situation data; the situation data is called, and short-term conflict early warning, minimum safety height early warning and region approach early warning information are obtained by combining the region information data; and multi-station information processing is realized through a data fusion processing algorithm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in a networking environment, ADS-B data is sent to a storage analysis server through an ethernet, a data access service based on TCP/UDP is run on the storage analysis server, and the storage analysis server receives the ADS-B data and persistently stores the information of the source, time, and file path thereof in a database of the storage analysis server.
As mentioned above, the ADS-B system of the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the traditional primary radar monitoring, the ADS-B system solves the problems that the manufacturing cost is high, the airplane speed cannot be displayed, data communication cannot be established and the like; compared with a secondary radar, the ADS-B system solves the problems of screen display information overlapping disorder, poor azimuth precision, region limitation and the like; the ADS-B system is used for receiving, analyzing, storing, displaying and applying ADS-B monitoring data of the airplane, and solves the problem that the ground cannot monitor airplane information; meanwhile, the ADS-B system supports data processing of multiple ground stations, supports at most 8 data source excitations, and can better support flight monitoring and management.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the ADS-B system architecture disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a functional module correlation diagram of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic data interaction diagram of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating data interaction between functional modules of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic external structural diagram of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a functional diagram of a data processing module of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a functional diagram of a potential display module of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a functional diagram of a record replay module of the ADS-B system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a DAIW alarm flow chart disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of the alarm confirmation disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a no-fly zone drawn by a determined point on a map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides an ADS-B system, which operates in a storage analysis server of a server and a plurality of maintenance terminals, and includes five function modules, respectively a data processing module, a situation display module, a recording replay module, an operation management module, and a user service module;
the data processing module is used for receiving and processing ADS-B data and performing monitoring data processing, monitoring information synthesis, alarm detection processing, multi-station information processing and redundancy coordination processing through an algorithm;
as shown in fig. 7, the data processing module receives ADS-B data, analyzes the data to obtain data of the aircraft and the ground station, and processes the monitoring data, MDS data, and secondary radar data to form situation data; the situation data is called, and short-term conflict early warning, minimum safety height early warning and region approach early warning information are obtained by combining the region information data; and multi-station information processing is realized through a data fusion processing algorithm.
The situation display module is used for displaying data of monitoring data processing, monitoring information synthesis, alarm detection processing, multi-station information processing and redundancy coordination processing, and performing display control and measurement, track display and management, alarm prompt, manual intervention, background map display and management and airspace management;
as shown in fig. 8, the situation display module mainly includes track display, background map display, and manual intervention; the flight path display comprises flight path generation and maintenance, flight path extrapolation, flight path information display, airplane label display and early warning information display; the background map includes: displaying route information, coordinate information and geographic information; the manual intervention comprises: display control, information display control, airspace management, track data control, and the like.
The record replay module is used for carrying out data recording, data replay, data unloading, data retrieval and replay control;
as shown in fig. 9, the recording replay module completes recording, exporting, and storing real-time monitoring data of the system, where the real-time monitoring data includes track data, scene data, and audio data, supports retrieval of all conditional contents, and controls and sets replay files.
The operation management module is used for realizing data synchronization and data interaction and comprises two core units of system management and data management;
the user service module is used for user management and maintenance and authority management, and different users are ensured to enjoy different levels of information services.
The ADS-B data is transmitted into the system through a network cable or an HDLC port, CAT021 message data in the ADS-B data is analyzed through a data processing module of the system, and information such as the longitude and latitude, the air pressure altitude, the GPS altitude, the speed, the heading, the aircraft code and the like of the aircraft is acquired; analyzing CAT023 message data to obtain information such as ground station state, signal strength, position and the like; the data of the airplane and the ground station are analyzed and processed, and the situation display module, the recording replay module, the operation management module and the user service module are connected to complete the realization of the functions so as to ensure the reliability of the hardware functions and the performances of the product.
As shown in fig. 4, the system data interaction: in a networking environment, ADS-B data is sent to a storage analysis server through an Ethernet, a TCP/UDP-based data access service runs on the storage analysis server, and the storage analysis server receives the ADS-B data and then persistently stores the information of the source, the time and the file path of the ADS-B data in a database of the storage analysis server.
In a non-networking environment, the ground station stores ADS-B data into a local database, and executes the operation after accessing the Internet; the real-time ADS-B data analysis method comprises the steps that a real-time ADS-B data analysis server is used for analyzing the ADS-B data, and the real-time ADS-B data analysis server is used for analyzing the ADS-B data.
As shown in fig. 5, the data processing module receives ADS-B data, analyzes the ADS-B data to obtain data of the aircraft and the ground station, and processes the monitoring data, MDS data, and secondary radar data to form situation data; the situation data is called, and short-term conflict early warning, minimum safety height early warning and region approach early warning information are obtained by combining the region information data; and multi-station information processing is realized through a data fusion processing algorithm.
The system data input comprises the following steps: the data processing module is used for receiving the data transmitted by the data processing module and integrating and displaying the data, wherein the data comprises map data input, situation data input and manual control data input; the map data and the situation data are provided by an airplane data source, and the specific parameter equipment comprises a data source IP, a port number, whether to start or not and whether to fuse; the manual control data is provided by the user management module and comprises four main functions of displaying the information of the existing users, adding the users, deleting the users, changing the information and changing the authority; the main display in displaying user information is: name, job number, password, contact phone, user level, whether navigation is displayed, whether air warning is displayed, and whether menu is displayed.
And displaying the system data: the data display comprises the display of a background map, the track display and maintenance, the early warning display, the flight data display, the operation display of warning information, the input display of airspace management and the like; the display of the background map is provided by a Google map, the default map is a black-and-white hand-drawn map, and the parameter setting options comprise whether a display route, geographic information, polar coordinates, a custom layer, airplane information, a flight track, a navigation station, an airport runway, a user layer and a picture layer are selected; polar coordinate display equipment and a map drawing scale are also needed on the map; the method comprises the following steps that route period setting and track setting are needed for track display and maintenance, wherein the track period setting comprises four setting options of a track forming period, a track display period, a track extrapolation period and a track display; the flight path setting comprises two setting options of a flight path display shape and a flight path display size; the display of the early warning alarm comprises three alarm modes of STCA, MSAW and DAIW; the display of flight data should include signage content settings and iconic text displays.
As shown in fig. 6, the system interacts with external data: the signal end sends and broadcasts to the ground data receiver through airborne GPS receiver and other signal equipment, the air traffic control monitoring platform obtains CAT021 flight data, ground station data and voice data through the data receiver, local host, Ethernet transmission host and voice radio station, and generates message data, scene data and audio data to be stored in the database; the server side obtains message data, scene data and audio data in the database, analyzes and determines identification information such as airplane operation data, airplane S mode addresses and secondary codes and spatial position information such as longitude, latitude, state and course, and forms a monitoring state for the airplane in the airspace through data processing, so that display of each functional module is realized.
The first embodiment is as follows: an Area Proximity Warning (APW), sometimes also referred to as a hazardous area violation warning (DAIW), belongs to a ground-based security net, and can provide an early warning of about 2 minutes using ADS-B monitoring data and flight path predictions to warn air managers when an aircraft is or is predicted to fly into restricted airspace, such as controlled airspace, hazardous areas, and downtimes.
The system supports both permanent and temporary airspace (e.g., temporary isolation airspace), and provides alerts for the temporary airspace only when certain airspaces are active in the ATM system.
Firstly, a data processing module of the system receives track data, wherein the track data comprises identification information (unique identification code) of a track and data of the current position and speed of an airplane, namely 3D state vectors (X, Y, Z, VX, VY and VZ); the execution cycle of the alarm process is 4 s;
the data processing module of the system then processes the track data, as shown in fig. 10, including the following processing steps:
1. coarse filtration: if the track data simultaneously meets the following two requirements, the next step of conflict detection is carried out;
(1) the accuracy of the flight path data meets the requirement (ADS-B data can generally meet the accuracy requirement and specifically depends on the requirement of local air traffic control);
(2) the flight path data has a unique identification code SSR code which is in an SSR code list;
the SSR code list is usually a static list and is updated by staff when necessary, and the system also allows an air manager to selectively prohibit certain types of alarms or inhibit alarms of a certain airplane based on SSR codes, and the operations can update the SSR code list.
2. And (3) conflict detection and filtering: in the prediction time predicition time, if a horizontal prediction straight line and a vertical prediction straight line of the airplane simultaneously violate horizontal and vertical limits defined by an APW airspace and horizontal and vertical buffer parameters (horizon buffer [ flight type ], vertical buffer [ flight type ]), a conflict is detected;
wherein, the parameter setting:
PredicitionTime＝120s
HorizontalBuffer[FlightType]＝0NM
VerticalBuffer[FlightType]＝0ft
the definition of the APW space domain may include: the setting of horizontal shape, default vertical span, default activation state, type (such as forbidden airspace, restricted airspace, dangerous area, TSA, each type has its own set of parameters) and horizontal and vertical buffer parameters (horizon buffer [ flight type ], vertical buffer [ flight type ]) are related to IFR & VFR, and also take into account the specific requirements of the airspace and the characteristics of the airspace type, so that the horizontal and vertical buffer parameters have no typical values, and the setting interface of the horizontal and vertical buffer parameters is set to 0 in the system implementation, which can meet the demonstration requirements, i.e. the APW airspace has no buffer area.
3. And (3) alarm confirmation: as shown in fig. 11, if the aircraft is currently within APW airspace (plus any horizontal or vertical buffers), then a current conflict is determined, and the alert is provided directly bypassing other algorithms, otherwise further confirmation is made as to whether an alert is required.
Next, judging whether the number of collision hits is enough or not, and if the number of continuous hits of the collisions reaches a threshold APWConflictCount, further judging whether the collisions are in the alarm time or not; the time period from the time the aircraft will enter the APW airspace (plus any horizontal or vertical buffers) to the current time is predicted to be TOV (time of flight), and if TOV is less than the parameter apwwaringtime, an alert is generated.
Wherein, the parameter setting:
APWConflictCount＝3
APWWarningTime＝90s
4. selecting and drawing a no-fly area: no-fly zones are drawn on the map by determining point locations, as shown in fig. 12.
In conclusion, compared with the traditional primary radar monitoring, the ADS-B system solves the problems that the manufacturing cost is high, the airplane speed cannot be displayed, data communication cannot be established and the like; compared with a secondary radar, the ADS-B system solves the problems of screen display information overlapping disorder, poor azimuth precision, region limitation and the like; the ADS-B system is used for receiving, analyzing, storing, displaying and applying ADS-B monitoring data of the airplane, and solves the problem that the ground cannot monitor airplane information; meanwhile, the ADS-B system supports data processing of multiple ground stations, supports at most 8 data source excitations, and can better support flight monitoring and management. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An ADS-B system, comprising: the system runs in a storage analysis server and a plurality of maintenance terminals of a server and comprises five functional modules which are a data processing module, a situation display module, a recording replay module, a running management module and a user service module respectively;
the data processing module is used for receiving and processing ADS-B data and performing monitoring data processing, monitoring information synthesis, alarm detection processing, multi-station information processing and redundancy coordination processing through an algorithm;
the situation display module is used for displaying data of monitoring data processing, monitoring information synthesis, alarm detection processing, multi-station information processing and redundancy coordination processing, and performing display control and measurement, track display and management, alarm prompt, manual intervention, background map display and management and airspace management;
the record replay module is used for carrying out data recording, data replay, data unloading, data retrieval and replay control;
the operation management module is used for realizing data synchronization and data interaction;
the user service module is used for user management and maintenance and authority management, and different users are ensured to enjoy different levels of information services.
2. The ADS-B system of claim 1, wherein: the system also includes an external display for managing data display, replaying data display, integrating data display.
3. The ADS-B system of claim 1, wherein: the data processing module receives ADS-B data from a network cable or an HDLC port.
4. The ADS-B system of claim 1, wherein: the data processing module analyzes the ADS-B data to obtain data of the airplane and the ground station, and situation data are formed by processing the monitoring data, the MDS data and the secondary radar data; the situation data is called, and short-term conflict early warning, minimum safety height early warning and region approach early warning information are obtained by combining the region information data; and multi-station information processing is realized through a data fusion processing algorithm.
5. The ADS-B system of claim 1, wherein: in a networking environment, ADS-B data is sent to a storage analysis server through an Ethernet, a TCP/UDP-based data access service runs on the storage analysis server, and the storage analysis server receives the ADS-B data and then persistently stores the information of the source, the time and the file path of the ADS-B data in a database of the storage analysis server.
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| CN103680215A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 海丰通航科技有限公司 | Low-altitude aviation service station |
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| CN103680215A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2014-03-26 | 海丰通航科技有限公司 | Low-altitude aviation service station |
| CN104318809A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-01-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十八研究所 | Portable ADS-B mobile system with 3g function |
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