CN113130223B - Mechanical switching equipment and anti-surge circuit - Google Patents
Mechanical switching equipment and anti-surge circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113130223B CN113130223B CN202110223824.5A CN202110223824A CN113130223B CN 113130223 B CN113130223 B CN 113130223B CN 202110223824 A CN202110223824 A CN 202110223824A CN 113130223 B CN113130223 B CN 113130223B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/54—Mechanisms for coupling or uncoupling operating parts, driving mechanisms, or contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
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Abstract
The application discloses mechanical switch equipment and an anti-surge circuit, wherein the mechanical switch equipment comprises a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a flow-blocking component, a switch and a spring plate, the first pin is connected with an external power supply, the second pin and the third pin are respectively connected with an external load component, the flow-blocking component is connected with the third pin, and the flow-blocking component and the third pin are connected with the second pin and the external load component in parallel; when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the switch, the elastic sheet and the third pin are firstly conducted, and at the moment, the current-blocking component can reduce surge current in the circuit, so that the load component is protected; after the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin, the current returns to be normal at the moment, the load component cannot be greatly influenced, the current-blocking component is short-circuited at the moment, and extra loss and voltage drop cannot be generated.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of power supply protection, in particular to a mechanical switching device and an anti-surge circuit.
Background
In a general circuit, when a switch is turned on to make the circuit conducted, a capacitive load in the circuit starts to charge, the equivalent resistance value is very small, and a very large surge current (inrush current) can be generated in the circuit at the moment; although the voltage of the capacitive load gradually approaches the voltage of the power supply over time, so that the current rapidly decreases, in the process, the load components in the circuit are easily burnt by a large surge current.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the application is to provide a mechanical switching device and an anti-surge circuit.
The application discloses mechanical switch equipment, which comprises a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a flow-blocking component, a switch and a spring plate, wherein the first pin is used for connecting an external power supply, the second pin and the third pin are respectively connected with an external load component, the flow-blocking component is connected with the third pin, and the flow-blocking component and the third pin are connected with the second pin and the external load component in parallel; the switch is connected with the first pin, and a first contact in the switch can be selectively connected with a second contact in the second pin; the elastic sheet is made of a conductive material, and one end of the elastic sheet is connected with the switch or the third pin; when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the switch, the elastic sheet and the third pin are firstly conducted; after the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin.
Optionally, the elastic sheet is connected to the second pin, and a third contact in the elastic sheet is located in a track of the switch moving toward the second contact; when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the switch is firstly conducted with a third contact in the elastic sheet; and when the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin.
Optionally, the elastic sheet includes an adjusting hole, a through hole is formed in the third pin, and a screw penetrates through the adjusting hole and the through hole to fix the elastic sheet on the third pin; the height of the adjusting hole is larger than the diameter of the through hole, and the relative position of the third contact of the elastic sheet and the second contact of the second pin can be adjusted by changing the relative position of the through hole and the adjusting hole.
Optionally, the second pin and the third pin are vertically arranged, and the elastic sheet and the third pin are located on the same straight line.
Optionally, the elastic sheet is connected with the switch and faces the third pin; when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the third contact of the elastic sheet is firstly conducted with the third pin; and when the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin.
Optionally, the elastic sheet is L-shaped, and a first end of the elastic sheet is connected with the switch; when the first contact of the switch is conducted with the second contact of the second pin, the second end of the elastic sheet is vertically abutted with the third pin.
Optionally, the current blocking component includes an inductor and/or a resistor.
Optionally, the current blocking component is a sliding rheostat.
The application also discloses an anti-surge circuit, anti-surge circuit includes power, load components and parts and as above mechanical switch device, first pin among the mechanical switch device with the power switches on, second pin and third pin among the mechanical switch device respectively with load components and parts parallel connection, load components and parts ground connection.
The application also discloses an anti-surge circuit, which comprises a power supply, a switch, a protection circuit and a load component, wherein the switch is conducted with the power supply and comprises a first pin; the protection circuit comprises a second pin, a third pin, a current-blocking component and a spring plate, wherein the current-blocking component and the third pin are connected with the second pin and the load component in parallel, the spring plate is connected with the third pin and faces the first pin, and the load component is grounded; when the switch selects to conduct the second pin, the first contact of the first pin moves towards the second contact of the second pin, and the first pin is firstly contacted with the elastic sheet, so that the power supply, the switch, the elastic sheet, the third pin, the current-blocking component and the load component form a conducting loop; after the elastic sheet is deformed, a first contact in the first pin is connected with a second contact in the second pin, so that the power supply, the switch, the second pin and the load component form a conduction loop.
In general, a circuit generates a large surge current at the moment of opening a switch, so that load components in the circuit are easily burnt out; after the mechanical switching device provided by the application is adopted in the circuit, when the switch is turned on, the switch is firstly contacted with the elastic sheet, the third pin, the current-blocking component and the external load component are sequentially conducted, and at the moment, the current-blocking component can block surge current, so that the current in the circuit is reduced, and the load component is protected; when the switch is pressed down to be in contact with the second pin, the current is recovered to be normal, and the load component is not greatly influenced; in addition, when the switch is pressed down to be in contact with the second pin, the current blocking component is short-circuited, so that the mechanical switching equipment cannot generate extra loss and voltage drop.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary mechanical switch;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical switch activation process of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary circuit schematic;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical switching apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the spring plate and the third lead of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another mechanical switching apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a graph of capacitor voltage versus energization time in a circuit including a mechanical switching device;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an anti-surge circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another mechanical switching apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of another anti-surge circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
100, mechanical switch equipment; 110. a first pin; 120. a second pin; 130. a third pin; 140. a choke component; 150. a switch; 160. a spring plate; 161. an adjustment hole; 170. a screw; 200. and (4) a mechanical switch.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the terminology, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and are representative, but that the present application may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating relative importance or as implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, unless otherwise specified, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; "plurality" means two or more. The terms "comprises" and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, which may have the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Further, terms of orientation or positional relationship indicated by "center", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, are described based on the orientation or relative positional relationship shown in the drawings, are simply for convenience of description of the present application, and do not indicate that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, and integral connections; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or through both elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the common mechanical switch 200 and the opening process thereof are schematic diagrams, the mechanical switch 200 includes a first pin 110 and a second pin 120, the first pin 110 is connected to an external power source, the second pin 120 is connected to an external load component, and when the key switch 150 is pressed down, a contact a in the mechanical switch is connected to a contact b in the second pin 120, so that the circuit is turned on. The circuit is disconnected before the contact point a contacts the contact point b, the circuit is conducted at the moment when the contact point a contacts the contact point b, and the resistance value is suddenly changed from infinity to zero.
As shown in fig. 3, an exemplary circuit structure including the above-mentioned mechanical switch is shown, wherein the mechanical switch is denoted by S1, fuse is Fuse, C1 and C2 are voltage-stabilizing capacitors, IC is a component, and RL and CL are loads; at the moment of turning on the S1, since the equivalent resistance value is very small when the capacitor just starts to charge, a large inrush current (inrush current) is generated when the capacitive load behind the Fuse is charged, and as the voltage on the capacitive load approaches 12V (exemplary power voltage), the current is rapidly reduced. The damage of Fuse and IC is easily caused in the process; as an example, the maximum current of a circuit is 4A during normal operation, the power supply voltage is 12V, a 6A (maximum value during long-time normal operation) slow-break type Fuse is used in the circuit, but the Inrush current of the circuit is 53A when a mechanical switch is used for opening the circuit, and the Fuse and a following IC are directly burnt; if the 15A slow-break Fuse is selected, the Fuse will not burn out (the Inrush current is only about 100 microseconds), but the IC will still burn out, and thus when the circuit is operating abnormally, for example, when the load is drained and loaded 8A, the Fuse will not melt out to protect the circuit, so it is very necessary to reduce the Inrush current.
Based on this, the application provides a mechanical switching device 100 and an anti-surge circuit which reduce the Inrush current in the circuit and protect the fuse and components in the circuit.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the present application discloses a mechanical switching device 100 suitable for all mechanical switches, where the mechanical switching device 100 includes a first pin 110, a second pin 120, a third pin 130, a current blocking component 140, a switch 150, and a spring plate 160, where the first pin 110 is used to connect to an external power supply, the second pin 120 and the third pin 130 are respectively connected to an external load component, the current blocking component 140 is connected to the third pin 130, and the current blocking component 140 and the third pin 130 are connected to the external load component in parallel with the second pin 120; the switch 150 is connected to the first pin 110, and a first contact a of the switch 150 is selectively connected to a second contact b of the second pin 120; the elastic sheet 160 is made of a conductive material, and the elastic sheet 160 is connected with the third pin 130; when the first contact a moves towards the second contact b, the switch 150 is firstly conducted with the elastic sheet 160, that is, the switch 150, the elastic sheet 160 and the third pin 130 are firstly conducted; the switch 150 is continuously pressed, so that after the elastic sheet 160 is deformed, the first contact a in the switch 150 is conducted with the second contact b in the second pin 120.
In this embodiment, the spring plate 160 and the current blocking component 140 that are connected in parallel with the second pin 120 are additionally arranged in the mechanical switch, and the third pin 130, the current blocking component 140 and the spring plate 160 can be all arranged in the housing of the mechanical switch device 100, and the whole mechanical switch device 100 only exposes the first pin 110, the second pin 120 and the switch 150, and the first pin 110 is connected with a power line during installation, and the second pin 120 is connected with an external load component, and when the mechanical switch device is used, the switch 150 is directly pressed, so that a circuit can be switched on or off, for example, the mechanical switch is used normally. The elastic sheet 160 is made of a thin metal sheet, and the elastic force is small, so that after the elastic sheet 160 is additionally arranged in the mechanical switch, when the switch 150 is pressed by force to press the elastic sheet 160, the rebound force is small, and a user does not need to increase the force for pressing the switch 150; and the resilience of the resilient piece 160 against the switch 150 is small, so that the switch 150 is not turned off by its own resilience. When the switch 150 is pressed such that the first contact a contacts the third contact c of the dome 160, the dome 160 is in a bent state; when the switch 150 is turned off, the elastic sheet 160 does not receive a pressing force, so that the original shape is restored, and the elastic sheet 160 is not easily subjected to metal fatigue due to the material and shape structure, and can be kept in long-term use.
After the mechanical switching device 100 provided in this embodiment is used in a circuit, when the switch 150 is turned on, the switch 150 first contacts with the elastic sheet 160, and the third pin 130, the current blocking component 140, and the external load component are sequentially turned on, and at this time, the current blocking component 140 can block a surge current, so that a current in the circuit is reduced, and the load component is protected; when the switch 150 is pressed down to contact with the second pin 120, the time of the surge current is over, the current returns to normal, and the load component is not greatly influenced; in addition, when the switch 150 is pressed down to contact the second pin 120, the blocking component 140 is short-circuited, so that no additional loss or voltage drop occurs in the mechanical switching device 100. If the choke element 140 is directly connected in series in the mechanical switch, the driving capability of the power supply will be insufficient, and energy loss will be caused.
Specifically, since the elastic piece 160 is connected to the second pin 120, the third contact c in the elastic piece 160 is located in the moving track of the switch 150 toward the second contact b, that is, the third contact c protrudes from the second contact b, and the distance between the third contact c and the switch 150 is shorter than the distance between the second contact b and the switch 150; when the circuit is to be conducted, the switch 150 is turned on, the first contact a moves towards the second contact b, and the switch 150 is firstly conducted with the third contact in the elastic sheet 160; when the elastic sheet 160 deforms, the first contact a of the switch 150 is conducted with the second contact b of the second pin 120. In this embodiment, the elastic sheet 160 is disposed on the third pin 130, so that after the switch 150 is pressed, deformation mainly occurs on the elastic sheet 160, and the third pin 130 is less affected, so that the third pin 130, the load component and the circuit are not easily loosened; moreover, the elastic sheet 160 needs to protrude from the second pin 120, so that the protruding condition of the elastic sheet 160 can be conveniently observed through the plane where the second pin 120 is located.
The shape of the elastic sheet 160 may be a flat plate, an arc, a right angle or other shapes, and only the elastic sheet 160 needs to be contacted first when the switch 150 is pressed, and the elastic sheet 160 contacts the second contact b of the second pin 120 after being deformed; the elastic sheet 160 may be bent toward the second pin 120 or away from the second pin 120 when the elastic sheet 160 is pressed by the switch 150, and it is also possible that the elastic sheet 160 is directly connected to the second pin 120 after being pressed, because the contact a of the switch 150 is connected to the contact b of the second pin 120, and the elastic sheet 160 and the load component are short-circuited.
In addition, the height of the elastic sheet 160 protruding from the second pin 120 is adjustable, that is, the time taken for the switch 150 to contact the elastic sheet 160 when pressed can be controlled, that is, the time interval between the switch 150 turning on the elastic sheet 160 and turning on the second pin 120; therefore, the flowing time of the Inrush current received by the current blocking component 140 can be controlled, so that the load component does not receive the Inrush current after the switch 150 is conducted on the second pin 120, thereby increasing the protection effect on the load component. Since the voltage on time is in the millisecond level, the height of the elastic sheet 160 protruding from the second pin 120 is very short, otherwise the power on is affected, and the inventor finds that the effect of reducing Inrush current can be achieved by the elastic sheet 160 protruding from the second pin by 1200.5mm through multiple experiments.
As shown in fig. 5, it is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the resilient piece 160 and the third pin 130, and by using the cooperation structure, the relative position between the resilient piece 160 and the second pin 120, that is, the relative position between the third contact c of the resilient piece 160 and the second contact b of the pin, can be adjusted. Specifically, an adjusting hole 161 is formed in the elastic sheet 160, a corresponding through hole is formed in the third pin 130, after the relative position between the adjusting hole 161 and the through hole is adjusted, a screw 170 penetrates through the adjusting hole 161 and the through hole, and then the elastic sheet 160 is fixed on the third pin 130 by a nut; the height of the adjusting hole 161 is greater than the diameter of the through hole, so that after the screw 170 is loosened, the elastic sheet 160 is lifted or lowered by changing the relative position of the through hole and the adjusting hole 161, and the relative position of the third contact c of the elastic sheet 160 and the second contact b of the second pin 120 is adjusted. The matching mode of the elastic sheet 160 and the second pin 120 is convenient for adjusting the elastic sheet 160 and disassembling the elastic sheet 160, if the circuit does not need an anti-surge current structure (the elastic sheet 160 and the choke component 140) in the mechanical switch, the screw 170 is directly unscrewed, the elastic sheet 160 is disassembled, and meanwhile, the screw 170 and the nut can be disassembled together.
As shown in fig. 6, as another embodiment of the present application, another mechanical switching device 100 is further disclosed, where the mechanical switching device 100 includes a first pin 110, a second pin 120, a third pin 130, a current blocking component 140, a switch 150, and a spring plate 160, where the first pin 110 is used to connect to an external power supply, the second pin 120 and the third pin 130 are respectively connected to an external load component, the current blocking component 140 is connected to the third pin 130, and the current blocking component 140 and the third pin 130 are connected in parallel to the second pin 120 to connect to the external load component; the switch 150 is connected to the first pin 110, and a first contact a of the switch 150 is selectively connected to a second contact b of the second pin 120; the elastic sheet 160 is made of a conductive material, and the elastic sheet 160 is connected to the switch 150 and faces the third pin 130; when the first contact a moves towards the second contact b, the third contact c of the elastic sheet 160 is firstly conducted with the third pin 130; when the elastic sheet 160 deforms, the first contact a of the switch 150 is conducted with the second contact b of the second pin 120.
In this embodiment, the elastic sheet 160 is disposed on the switch 150, wherein the third pin 130 may protrude from the second pin 120, may be flush with the second pin 120, and may be lower than the second pin 120, as long as it is ensured that in the process of closing the switch 150, the third contact c of the elastic sheet 160 contacts the third pin 130 first, and the first contact a in the switch 150 contacts the second contact b in the second pin 120; in this embodiment, the switch 150 and the elastic sheet 160 can be produced in a matching manner, so that a subsequent connection process between the elastic sheet 160 and the third pin 130 is omitted, which is beneficial to improving the installation efficiency of the mechanical switch device 100.
Moreover, the elastic sheet 160 is made into an L shape, so that the first end of the elastic sheet 160 is connected with the switch 150; when the first contact of the switch 150 is conducted with the second contact of the second pin 120, the second end of the resilient piece 160 is vertically abutted against the third pin 130. In this embodiment, the elastic sheet 160 is disposed such that the entire plane of the elastic sheet 160 faces the third pin 130, and the abutting between the elastic sheet 160 and the third pin 130 is similar to the relationship between a straight line and a plane, so that the contact area between the third pin 130 and the elastic sheet 160 is large and the dislocation is not easy to occur.
In the above two embodiments, the choke element 140 may be one or more inductors, one or more resistors, or a combination of inductors and resistors. When a resistor is selected as the choke component 140, the resistance of the resistor does not change when the switch 150 is switched on and after the switch 150 is switched on, the circuit in the circuit is equal to the power voltage divided by the resistance of all resistors, the existence of the resistor can ensure that the circuit in the circuit does not exceed a certain limit, and a large current cannot be generated at the moment of switching on the circuit by setting the size of the resistor, so that the Inrush current is reduced, and the circuit components are protected. When an inductor is selected as the choke element 140, the inductor can obstruct current change, and the larger the current change is, the stronger the obstruction of the inductor is; when the circuit is conducted, the inductor can enable the current to be increased slowly (the waveform is smoother when the voltage rises), but the current is not too large, and the capacitor at the back is fully charged; when the current stabilizes at a certain value, the inductive choke disappears. The resistor and the inductor are used for preventing the instantaneous current from being overlarge during starting, have blocking effect, and are used in series and are used.
Moreover, when the selected resistor is used as the current blocking component 140, the resistor is a sliding rheostat, so that the resistor of the current blocking component 140 can be adjusted according to the voltage of the power supply and the length of the spring piece 160 protruding out of the third pin 130, and the current flowing through the external load component is in a safe range, and the load component cannot be burnt out. Similarly, when the inductor is used as the choke element 140, the inductor is a sliding inductor similar to a sliding rheostat, and the sliding inductor can change the size of the inductor by the number of turns.
The resistance of the resistor cannot be too large or too small, taking the power voltage in the circuit as 12V, and the wiring and the capacitor in the circuit have certain resistance, and take 0.2 omega as an example; as shown in fig. 7, it is a graph of the relationship between the capacitor voltage and the conduction time in the circuit including the above-mentioned mechanical switch device, where one end of the load capacitor in the circuit is grounded, and the other end is connected to the 12V line, and the capacitor voltage rises from 0 at the moment when 0 is turned on (the first contact a and the third contact c are connected), the current at this moment is 12V/(0.2 Ω + R), R is the resistance of the resistor, and the current value at this moment is determined by R, and the current at this moment is to be within the safe range, such as: when the current is expected not to exceed 15A at most, R can be 1 omega; then the capacitor voltage rises, and the current = (12V-capacitor voltage)/R, so the current becomes smaller; this current is used to charge the capacitor. Therefore, the time position t1 is determined by the distance between the second contact point b and the third contact point c and the closing speed of the switch; the value of V1 is determined by the magnitude of the charging current (source voltage value and resistance value of R), time position of t1 and capacity value of the rear-end load; at time t1, the first contact a and the second contact b are closed, and the instantaneous current is equal to (12-V1)/0.2, and the instantaneous current is determined by V1. Therefore, the resistance or the inductance is selected and cannot be too small, otherwise, the instant current when the first contact a and the third contact c are communicated is too large; the resistance or the inductance also cannot be selected too much, otherwise V1 may be small, and the instant current when the first contact a and the second contact b are communicated is too large, so the resistance or the inductance is selected according to the power supply voltage (the larger the power supply voltage is, the larger R is), the load capacitance value and the current endurance capacity of the circuit.
As shown in fig. 8, the circuit diagram includes the above-mentioned mechanical switching device 100, and as another embodiment of the present application, the present application further discloses an anti-surge circuit, where the anti-surge circuit includes a power supply (in the figure, the power supply voltage is 12V for example), a load component, and the above-mentioned mechanical switching device 100, a first pin 1 in the mechanical switching device 100 is conducted with the power supply, a second pin 2 and a third pin 3 in the mechanical switching device 100 are respectively connected in parallel with the load component, and the load component is grounded. With the circuit configuration in this embodiment, the mechanical switching device 100 in the circuit can effectively reduce the surge current, so that the load element in the circuit is in a safe current range.
Specifically, the anti-surge circuit comprises a Fuse, so that a double protection effect is achieved; the load component comprises a voltage-stabilizing capacitor, a component IC and a load, the fuse is connected with the second pin in series, and the voltage-stabilizing capacitor is connected with the component IC and the load in parallel; the voltage stabilizing capacitor comprises a first voltage stabilizing capacitor C1 and a second voltage stabilizing capacitor C2 which are connected in parallel, and the load comprises a resistance load RL and a capacitance load CL which are connected in parallel.
As shown in fig. 9, in another embodiment, the present application further discloses another mechanical switch device 100, where the mechanical switch device 100 includes a first pin 110, a second pin 120, a switch 150, and a resilient tab 160, the first pin 110 is used for connecting to an external power supply, the second pin 120 is used for connecting to an external load component, the resilient tab 160 is disposed in a track moving toward the second pin 120 when the switch is turned on, and is not connected to the first pin 110 and the second pin 120, and when a first contact a of the switch 150 moves toward a second contact b of the second pin 120, the switch 150 first contacts a third contact c of the resilient tab 160; after the elastic sheet 160 deforms, the first contact a of the switch 150 is conducted with the second contact b of the second pin 120.
Compared with a general mechanical switch, the mechanical switch device 100 in the embodiment is additionally provided with the elastic sheet 160, and the problem of surge current cannot be solved at present, but an external structure can be additionally arranged inside or outside the mechanical switch according to needs to connect the elastic sheet 160, the external structure and the second pin 120, and a resistor, an inductor or other components can be arranged in the external structure, so that the surge current generated at the moment when a circuit is connected can be reduced; of course, the external connection structure can also be other component structures, other effects are achieved, and external connection setting is carried out according to the requirements.
As shown in fig. 10, as another embodiment of the present application, a schematic diagram of another anti-surge circuit is also disclosed, where the anti-surge circuit includes a power supply (in the figure, an exemplary power supply voltage is 12V), a switch S1, a protection circuit, and a load component R, the switch S1 is conducted with the power supply, and the switch S1 includes a first pin 1; the protection circuit comprises a second pin 2, a third pin 3, a choke component R and a spring piece C, the choke component R and the second pin 2 are connected with the third pin 3 in parallel to the load component (comprising a Fuse, an IC component, voltage stabilizing capacitors C1 and C2, a load RL and an RC), the spring piece C is connected with the second pin 2 and faces the third pin 3, and the load component is grounded; when the switch S1 selects to conduct the third pin 3, the first contact a of the first pin 1 moves to the second contact b of the third pin 3, and the first pin 1 first contacts with the spring sheet c, so that the power supply, the switch, the spring sheet c, the second pin 2, the choke element R and the load element form a conducting loop; after the elastic sheet c is deformed, the first contact a in the first pin 1 is connected with the second contact b in the third pin 3, so that the power supply, the switch, the third pin 3 and the load component form a conduction loop. The specific structure of the circuit is shown in fig. 9, and is not described in detail here.
In this embodiment, a protection circuit is disposed in the current, wherein the switch may be a common mechanical switch, or may be a mechanical switch device in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 9; the protection circuit is connected with the third pin in parallel, when the conducting circuit is selected, the switch, the elastic sheet, the current-blocking component and the load component in the protection circuit form a conducting loop, and at the moment, surge current is reduced; after the elastic sheet is deformed, the first contact a in the first pin 1 is connected with the second contact b in the third pin 3, so that the power supply, the switch, the third pin and the load component form a conduction loop, the current in the circuit returns to be normal at the moment, the load component in the current cannot be influenced, the protection circuit can be short-circuited, and extra loss and voltage drop cannot be generated.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present application in connection with specific alternative embodiments, and the specific implementations of the present application are not to be considered limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and all should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A mechanical switching device, comprising:
the first pin is used for connecting an external power supply;
the second pin and the third pin are respectively connected with an external load component;
the choke component is connected with the third pin, and the choke component and the third pin are connected with the second pin in parallel and are externally connected with a load component;
a switch connected with the first pin, wherein a first contact in the switch can be selectively connected with a second contact in the second pin; and
the elastic sheet is made of conductive materials, and one end of the elastic sheet is connected with the switch or the third pin;
when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the switch, the elastic sheet and the third pin are firstly conducted; and after the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin.
2. The mechanical switching device of claim 1, wherein the spring plate is connected to the second pin, and a third contact in the spring plate is located in a trajectory of the switch moving toward the second contact;
when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the switch is firstly conducted with a third contact in the elastic sheet; and when the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin.
3. The mechanical switching device of claim 2, wherein the resilient plate includes an adjustment hole, the third leg has a through hole, and a screw passes through the adjustment hole and the through hole to fix the resilient plate to the third leg;
the height of the adjusting hole is larger than the diameter of the through hole, and the relative position of the third contact of the elastic sheet and the second contact of the second pin can be adjusted by changing the relative position of the through hole and the adjusting hole.
4. The mechanical switching device of claim 2, wherein the second pin is disposed perpendicular to the third pin, and the spring plate is aligned with the third pin.
5. The mechanical switching device of claim 1, wherein the spring is coupled to the switch and faces the third pin;
when the first contact moves towards the second contact, the third contact of the elastic sheet is firstly conducted with the third pin; and when the elastic sheet deforms, the first contact in the switch is conducted with the second contact in the second pin.
6. The mechanical switching device of claim 5, wherein the spring plate is L-shaped, and a first end of the spring plate is connected to the switch; when the first contact of the switch is conducted with the second contact of the second pin, the second end of the elastic sheet is vertically abutted with the third pin.
7. The mechanical switching device of claim 1, wherein the current blocking component comprises an inductance, and/or a resistance.
8. The mechanical switching device of claim 7, wherein the current blocking component is a sliding varistor.
9. An anti-surge circuit, characterized by comprising a power supply, a load component and the mechanical switch device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a first pin of the mechanical switch device is conducted with the power supply, a second pin and a third pin of the mechanical switch device are respectively connected in parallel with the load component, and the load component is grounded.
10. An anti-surge circuit is characterized by comprising a power supply, a switch, a protection circuit and a load element, wherein the switch is conducted with the power supply and comprises a first pin; the protection circuit comprises a second pin, a third pin, a current-blocking component and a spring plate, wherein the current-blocking component and the third pin are connected with the second pin and the load component in parallel, the spring plate is connected with the third pin and faces the first pin, and the load component is grounded;
when the switch selects to conduct the second pin, the first contact of the first pin moves towards the second contact of the second pin, and the first pin is firstly contacted with the elastic sheet, so that the power supply, the switch, the elastic sheet, the third pin, the current-blocking component and the load component form a conducting loop; after the elastic sheet is deformed, a first contact in the first pin is connected with a second contact in the second pin, so that the power supply, the switch, the second pin and the load component form a conduction loop.
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| CN202110223824.5A CN113130223B (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Mechanical switching equipment and anti-surge circuit |
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| CN202110223824.5A CN113130223B (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Mechanical switching equipment and anti-surge circuit |
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| CN113130223B true CN113130223B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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| CN113130223A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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