CN113128070A - Optimal configuration method for comprehensive energy system of intermittent distributed power supply - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimal configuration method of an intermittent distributed power supply comprehensive energy system, which comprises the following three steps: (1) analyzing the flow directions and interaction modes of cold energy flow, heat energy flow, electric energy flow and gas flow of the CCHP system, and providing an optimal configuration method of the comprehensive energy system; (2) intermittent distributed energy sources such as wind, light and the like are considered, a mathematical model with uncertainty and randomness is constructed, and the mathematical model and other energy sources are subjected to multi-energy complementation, so that cascade utilization is realized, and the energy utilization rate is improved; (3) and (3) taking the lowest total investment cost of the life whole period as an objective function, optimizing and solving to obtain the optimal capacity, and comparing the optimal capacity with the configuration of the traditional comprehensive energy system to verify the superiority of the method. The invention considers wind, light and other intermittent distributed energy sources, constructs a mathematical model with uncertainty and randomness, performs multi-energy complementation with other energy sources, realizes cascade utilization, improves the energy utilization rate, takes the lowest total investment cost of the life whole period as a target function, and optimizes the solution to obtain the optimal capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optimal configuration method of an integrated energy system of an intermittent distributed power supply, and belongs to the technical field of energy.
Background
People's life and production are closely related to energy, and a comprehensive energy system which considers the energy coupling characteristics, can practically improve the energy utilization rate and effectively utilize various renewable resources gradually becomes the core for solving the energy problem. A combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) system based on distributed energy can achieve diversified targets such as high energy utilization rate, low energy cost and environmental friendliness according to the cascade utilization of energy, and becomes an important direction and a main form of the development of a regional comprehensive energy system. In order to effectively improve the energy utilization rate and promote sustainable development, a combined cooling heating and power type comprehensive energy system considering intermittent distributed power sources can be constructed to perform coordinated optimization control so as to obtain better economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optimized configuration method of an integrated energy system of an intermittent distributed power supply, which is used for analyzing the flowing directions and interaction modes of cold energy flow, heat energy flow, electric energy flow and gas flow of a CCHP system and providing the optimized configuration method of the integrated energy system; intermittent distributed energy sources such as wind, light and the like are considered, a mathematical model with uncertainty and randomness is constructed, and the mathematical model and other energy sources are subjected to multi-energy complementation, so that cascade utilization is realized, and the energy utilization rate is improved; and (4) taking the lowest total investment cost of the life whole period as an objective function, and optimizing and solving to obtain the optimal capacity.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the optimal configuration method of the comprehensive energy system of the intermittent distributed power supply comprises the following steps:
firstly, modeling each unit as follows:
(1) intermittent renewable energy source
1) Photovoltaic power generation
According to the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material, the photovoltaic cell can directly convert solar energy into electric energy, the temperature coefficient epsilon of the photovoltaic cell is 0.2, and a mathematical model is as follows:
f(t)＝I+ε(T-Trated) (2)
in the formula, PPVRepresenting the photovoltaic output power, rratedIndicating the nominal light intensity, PratedRepresenting the photovoltaic power rating, TratedRepresents the nominal temperature, and T represents the photovoltaic cell temperature;
2) wind power generation
The long-term distribution of wind speed follows the Weibull distribution, which is commonly represented by a three-constant model:
wherein k is a Weibull shape parameter, c is a Weibull scale parameter, and v is a wind speed;
the mathematical model of wind power generation is as follows:
wherein v isci、vco、vratedRespectively representing cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed, rated wind speed, PWIndicating fan output power, PratedRepresents a rated power;
(2) combined supply equipment
1) Gas turbine
Variable working condition operation model of gas turbine:
η＝aW3+bW2+cW (5-1)
in the formula, a is 1.071, b is-2.816, c is 2.745, eta and W are the specific values of the power generation efficiency and the output power of the gas turbine to the rated value, namely per unit; the formula (5) is a function of 3 times, and piecewise linearization is needed in CPLEX calculation; in addition, the climbing and descending constraints of the gas turbine are also considered, namely the absolute value of the difference value of the output of the gas turbine between two load values before and after the load change in actual operation is less than or equal to 0.5 times of rated power;
2) internal combustion engine
The variable working condition operation model of the internal combustion engine is as shown in the formula (5-2).
η＝aW3+bW2+cW (5-2)
In the formula, a is 1.071, b is-2.816, c is 2.745, eta and W are the specific values of the power generation efficiency and the output power of the internal combustion engine to the rated value, namely the per unit value;
(3) refrigeration device
1) Double-effect absorption refrigerator
The refrigeration COP in summer is 1.2, namely 1.2 units of waste heat can be refrigerated every time the refrigeration COP absorbs 1 unit, the heating COP in winter is 0.9, namely 0.9 unit of waste heat can be heated every time the refrigeration COP absorbs 1 unit, the COP is the conversion rate between the absorbed energy and the released heat, which is called the heating energy efficiency ratio for short, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered;
2) electric refrigerator
The refrigerating COP in summer is 4, namely 4 units of refrigerating can be performed by absorbing 1 unit of electricity, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered;
(4) auxiliary equipment
1) Gas boiler
When the combined supply equipment cannot meet the heat demand of a user, the supplementary combustion of a gas-fired boiler is needed, the balance of supply and demand of heat energy is realized, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered;
2) waste heat boiler
The equipment for changing water into steam by utilizing the heat of the flue gas discharged by the gas turbine does not consider the variable working condition characteristic;
secondly, setting the target function and the constraint condition as follows:
(1) objective function
After a photovoltaic power generation system and a wind power generation system are established, a randomness model is introduced into a comprehensive energy system model, an internal combustion engine is used as a prime mover, the total investment cost of the life whole period is used as an objective function, the objective function comprises the construction cost, the operation cost and the maintenance cost of each device, and the optimal capacity of the main devices of the system is optimized and configured; the objective function is as follows:
C＝∑CT+∑Com+∑Cup (6)
in the formula, CTFor construction costs, ComFor operating costs, CupFor maintenance cost, the specific expressions of each part are as follows:
1)CTincluding all equipment converted to annual installed costs:
in the formula, IntRateFor interest rate, t is the current year, RconverseTo convert annual costs to a factor of the current year, RrecoverFor depreciation rate, MjFor construction unit price, RM,jIs the capacity of the device;
2)Comincluding the gas cost and the electricity purchasing cost when the system generated energy is insufficient:
in the formula, Cg,iFor gas costs of internal combustion engines and gas boilers, Ce,IFor the purchase of electricity for the voltage-compression refrigerator and for the upper-level power grid, the peak-valley rate system, P, is usedbuyIs the power purchase, PECRIs the electric power of the electric compressor, VICE、VGFBVolume of gas consumed by internal combustion engines and gas boilers, KgIs the price of natural gas, KeIs the price of electricity, NdayHours to use;
3)Cupincluding maintenance costs for all equipment;
(2) constraint conditions
The comprehensive energy system needs to meet 4 supply and demand balances, namely 4 equality constraint conditions, namely, electric balance, heat balance, cold balance and waste heat balance; the electric balance, the heat balance and the cold balance refer to electric quantity, heat quantity and cold quantity which are generated by equipment and can meet the electric demand, the heat demand and the cold demand of a system; the waste heat balance means that waste heat generated by a waste heat boiler and a gas boiler needs to meet the waste heat requirement of the double-effect absorption refrigerator; inequality constraints of equipment operation, namely equipment power limitation and climbing constraint of the internal combustion engine, need to be met;
1) power balance constraint
In the formula, PPV、PW、PICERespectively the generated power of the photovoltaic, the fan and the internal combustion engine, PLoad_power、PLoad_heating、PLoad_coolingRespectively electric, thermal and cold load, PbuyIs the power purchase, PECRIs the electrical power of the electric compressor, PDAR_heating、PWHB、PGFBRespectively the heating power, P, of the double-effect absorption refrigerator, the exhaust-heat boiler and the gas boilerDAR_cooling、PECR_coolingRefrigeration powers of the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the electric compressor, respectively, EICEFor the residual heat power of internal combustion engines, EDAR、EWHBThe heat absorption power of the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the waste heat boiler is respectively;
2) plant operating constraints
The light intensity, wind speed, temperature and the like are greatly influenced by natural environment and have strong randomness, if the total capacity of the distributed power supplies is overlarge, the power supply quality and stability of the system are influenced, so that the installation capacity of the distributed power supplies is limited, and the constraint condition is that
SPV、SWRespectively the apparent power of the photovoltaic and the fan,
respectively representing the apparent power limit values of the photovoltaic and the draught fan;
PPV、PW、PICE、Pbuy、PECR、PWHB、PGFB、PDAR_heating、PDAR_coolingthe upper and lower limits of the power of the respective devices are satisfied:
in addition, the internal combustion engine also satisfies the hill climbing constraint:
|Pi,j+1 ICE-Pi,j ICE|≤0.5 PICE, forehead (12)。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: an optimized configuration model of a comprehensive energy system which comprehensively covers a fan, a photovoltaic system, an internal combustion engine, a boiler, refrigeration equipment, an electric load, a heat load, a cold load and the like is established, wind-light-electricity multi-energy complementation and cooling-heat-electricity multi-energy flow coordinated transfer in a region are comprehensively considered, and the cascade utilization of energy is promoted. And the lowest total investment cost of the life whole period is taken as an objective function, and the optimal capacity of the system is obtained by optimal solution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an integrated energy system architecture;
FIG. 2 is a 1 month typical day heat load balance diagram;
FIG. 3 is a 1 month typical day electricity load balancing diagram;
FIG. 4 is a 7 month typical day cooling load balancing diagram;
FIG. 5 is a 7 month typical day heat load balance diagram;
fig. 6 is a 7-month typical daily electricity load balance diagram.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a combined cooling heating and power type integrated energy system in which intermittent distributed energy is considered. The gas turbine and the internal combustion engine of the comprehensive energy system are used as prime movers to generate electricity and generate waste heat, renewable energy is used for generating electricity, the double-effect absorption type refrigerating machine can absorb the waste heat of a boiler to refrigerate or heat, the electric refrigerating machine absorbs electric power to refrigerate, the waste heat boiler absorbs the waste heat generated by the internal combustion engine to heat, the gas boiler consumes gas to heat, and the gas boiler is purchased from a higher-level power grid when the electric quantity is insufficient.
The invention discloses an optimal configuration method of an integrated energy system of an intermittent distributed power supply, wherein the integrated energy system of the intermittent distributed power supply is divided into intermittent renewable energy, combined supply equipment, refrigerating equipment and auxiliary equipment, and the optimal configuration method of the integrated energy system of the intermittent distributed power supply comprises the following steps:
firstly, modeling each unit as follows:
(1) intermittent renewable energy source
1) Photovoltaic power generation
According to the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material, the photovoltaic cell can directly convert solar energy into electric energy, the temperature coefficient epsilon of the photovoltaic cell is 0.2, and a mathematical model is as follows:
f(t)＝1+ε(T-Trated) (2)
in the formula, PPVRepresenting the photovoltaic output power, rratedRepresenting rated light intensity, taking 1000W/m2，PratedRepresenting the rated power of photovoltaic, taking 100kW, TratedRepresenting rated temperature, taking 0 ℃ and T representing the temperature of the photovoltaic cell;
2) wind power generation
Wind in a natural state has randomness and intermittence, the size and the direction of wind power change every moment, and accurate prediction cannot be carried out, so that the wind power often fluctuates frequently. When a model of the distributed wind power system is established, wind power characteristics of the distributed wind power system under different time scales need to be considered. It is generally accepted that the long-term distribution of wind speed follows the Weibull distribution, which is commonly represented by a three-constant model:
wherein k is a Weibull shape parameter, c is a Weibull scale parameter, and v is a wind speed;
the mathematical model of wind power generation is as follows:
wherein v isci、vco、vratedThe cut-in wind speed, the cut-out wind speed and the rated wind speed are respectively expressed, and 3m/s, 20m/s and 10m/s are respectively adopted. PWIndicating fan output power, PratedRepresenting the rated power, 100kW is taken.
(2) Combined supply equipment
1) Gas turbine
The internal combustion engine utilizes continuously flowing gas to push an impeller to rotate rapidly, converts gas energy into mechanical energy, and has the main advantages of small size, light weight and low efficiency. The rated power generation efficiency of the gas turbine is 0.3, the available waste heat coefficient is 0.5, and the life cycle is 20 years. The following formula is a variable working condition operation model of the gas turbine:
η＝aW3+bW2+cW (5-1)
in the formula, a is 1.071, b is-2.816, c is 2.745, eta and W are the specific values of the power generation efficiency and the output power of the gas turbine to the rated value, namely per unit; equation (5) is a 3-degree function, and piecewise linearization is required in the CPLEX calculation. In addition, the ramp-up and ramp-down constraints of the gas turbine are taken into account, i.e. the absolute value of the difference in the output of the gas turbine between the two load values before and after the load change during actual operation is less than or equal to 0.5 nominal power.
2) Internal combustion engine
It is an engine which directly converts the heat released by the combustion of fuel in the interior of the machine into kinetic energy. The internal combustion engine has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, compact structure, strong maneuverability, simple and convenient operation and maintenance and the like, the rated power generation efficiency of the internal combustion engine is 0.42, the available waste heat coefficient is 0.4, and the life cycle is 20 years. The variable working condition operation model of the internal combustion engine is as shown in the formula (5-2).
η＝aW3+bW2+cW (5-2)
In the formula, a is 1.071, b is-2.816, c is 2.745, eta and W are the specific values of the power generation efficiency and the output power of the internal combustion engine to the rated value, namely the per unit value;
(3) refrigeration device
1) Double-effect absorption refrigerator
The principle is that after the waste heat of a gas boiler and a gas turbine is absorbed, a high-temperature liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized, and absorbs a large amount of heat during vaporization, so that refrigeration is performed. Refrigerating COP in summer is 1.2 (1.2 units can be refrigerated by absorbing 1 unit of waste heat); the winter heating COP is 0.9 (0.9 unit can be heated every 1 unit of waste heat is absorbed). Cop (coefficient of performance), which is the rate of conversion between absorbed energy and released heat, is called simply the heating energy efficiency ratio. Regardless of the behavior of the variable mode.
2) Electric refrigerator
The principle of the method is that an electrically driven compressor is used for discharging a refrigerant in a low-temperature and low-pressure gas state into a machine body for compression, the refrigerant is introduced into a condenser under the condition that the temperature and the pressure meet the requirement, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant releases heat, and condensed water absorbs heat, so that refrigeration is realized. The summer refrigeration COP is 4 (4 units can be refrigerated per 1 unit of electricity absorbed), regardless of the variable-operating characteristics.
(4) Auxiliary equipment
1) Gas boiler
When the combined supply equipment can not meet the heat demand of a user, the supplementary combustion of a gas-fired boiler is needed, and the balance of supply and demand of heat energy is realized. The rated efficiency is 0.85, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered.
2) Waste heat boiler
The equipment for changing water into steam by utilizing the heat of the flue gas discharged by the gas turbine has the rated efficiency of 0.9, and does not consider the variable working condition characteristic.
Secondly, setting the target function and the constraint condition as follows:
(1) objective function
After a photovoltaic power generation system and a wind power generation system are established, a randomness model is introduced into a comprehensive energy system model, an internal combustion engine is used as a prime mover, the total investment cost of the life whole period is used as an objective function, the objective function comprises the construction cost, the operation cost and the maintenance cost of each device, and the optimal capacity of the main devices of the system is optimized and configured; the objective function is as follows:
C＝∑CT+∑Com+∑Cup (6)
in the formula, CTFor construction costs, ComFor operating costs, CupFor maintenance cost, the specific expressions of each part are as follows:
1)CTincluding all equipment converted to annual installed costs:
in the formula, IntRateFor interest rate, take 0.03, t is the current year, RconverseTo convert annual costs to a factor of the current year, RrecoverFor depreciation rate, MjFor construction unit price, RM,jIs the capacity of the device;
2)Comincluding the gas cost and the electricity purchasing cost when the system generated energy is insufficient:
in the formula, Cg,iFor gas costs of internal combustion engines and gas boilers, Ce,iFor the purchase of electricity for the voltage-compression refrigerator and for the upper-level power grid, the peak-valley rate system, P, is usedbuyIs the power purchase, PECRIs the electric power of the electric compressor, VICE、VGFBVolume of gas consumed by internal combustion engines and gas boilers, KgIs natural gas price, and takes 2.28 yuan/m3，KeIs the price of electricity, NdayHours to use;
3)Cupincluding maintenance costs for all equipment;
(2) constraint conditions
The comprehensive energy system needs to meet 4 supply and demand balances, namely 4 equality constraint conditions, namely, electric balance, heat balance, cold balance and waste heat balance; the electric balance, the heat balance and the cold balance refer to electric quantity, heat quantity and cold quantity which are generated by equipment and can meet the electric demand, the heat demand and the cold demand of a system; the waste heat balance means that waste heat generated by a waste heat boiler and a gas boiler needs to meet the waste heat requirement of the double-effect absorption refrigerator; besides, inequality constraints of equipment operation, namely equipment power limitation and climbing constraint of the internal combustion engine, need to be met;
2) power balance constraint
In the formula, PPV、PW、PICERespectively the generated power of the photovoltaic, the fan and the internal combustion engine, PLoad_power、PLoad_heating、PLoad_coolingRespectively electric, thermal and cold load, PbuyIs the power purchase, PECRIs the electrical power of the electric compressor, PDAR_heating、PWHB、PGFBRespectively the heating power, P, of the double-effect absorption refrigerator, the exhaust-heat boiler and the gas boilerDAR_cooling、PECR_coolingRefrigeration powers of the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the electric compressor, respectively, EICEFor the residual heat power of internal combustion engines, EDAR、EWHBThe heat absorption power of the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the waste heat boiler is respectively;
2) plant operating constraints
The light intensity, wind speed, temperature and the like are greatly influenced by natural environment and have strong randomness, if the total capacity of the distributed power supplies is overlarge, the power supply quality and stability of the system are influenced, so that the installation capacity of the distributed power supplies is limited, and the constraint condition is that
SPV、SWRespectively the apparent power of the photovoltaic and the fan,
respectively representing the apparent power limit values of the photovoltaic and the draught fan;
PPV、PW、PICE、Pbuy、PECR、PWHB、PGFB、PDAR_heating、PDAR_coolingthe upper and lower limits of the power of the respective devices are satisfied:
in addition, the internal combustion engine also satisfies the hill climbing constraint:
|Pi,j+1 ICE-Pi,j ICE|≤0.5 PICE, forehead (12)。
In the following, taking a combined cooling heating and power type comprehensive energy system in a certain place as an example, simulation analysis is performed on the method.
(1) Model parameters
The model takes 4-10 months as summer, the illumination is strong, the temperature is high, the wind speed is low, the rest is winter, and no cold load exists in winter. In summer, the refrigerating equipment is double-effect absorption refrigerator and electric refrigerator. The heating equipment is a waste heat boiler and a gas boiler. In winter, the heating equipment is a double-effect absorption refrigerator, a waste heat boiler and a gas boiler. The planning problem is mixed platform integer planning, and the installed capacity of each device needs to be optimized and configured on an MATLAB platform by applying a yalcip tool box and a Cplex algorithm, so that the life whole-cycle cost of the system is the lowest.
TABLE 1 cost of equipment
(2) Typical day of winter and summer results analysis
And (4) carrying out optimization solution according to the optimization model, wherein the lowest cost for obtaining the life whole cycle is 1.2550e +8 yuan. The capacity of the equipment in the integrated energy system is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 CCHP plant capacity planning results
1) Typical day of 1 month results analysis
A typical day of 1 month is selected for winter result analysis, the 1 month is winter, the system assumes no cold load in winter when modeling, and therefore the electric balance and thermal balance diagram of the typical day of 1 month is shown in attached figures 2 and 3.
As shown in the attached figure 2, the double-effect absorption refrigerator, the gas boiler and the waste heat boiler are used for heating, and the generated heat is supplied to a heat load to meet the heat balance. At night, the electric load is less, the power generation capacity of the internal combustion engine is less, the waste heat available in the system is less, the gas-fired boiler becomes the main heating power, the supplied heat accounts for a large proportion, and the gas-fired boiler bears most of the heat load particularly in the early morning (23-3 o' clock).
Fig. 3 illustrates that the generated energy and the purchased electric quantity of the internal combustion engine, the fan and the photovoltaic in the system are equal to the power demand and the electric load of the voltage compression refrigerator, so that the electric balance is met. In addition, the system can purchase electricity from the superior power grid only in the morning, and most of the electricity load at night is borne by the electricity purchasing quantity. Because there is no illumination night, the photovoltaic cell can not generate electricity, the wind power is small, the electricity generation is limited, the user load is not large, the electricity price is low, and the electricity purchasing from the superior power grid can easily meet the electricity demand in the system. When the electricity load is large in the daytime, most of the electricity demand of the system is borne by the internal combustion engine, and the small part of the electricity demand is borne by the photovoltaic and the fan, so that electricity is not purchased from a superior power grid. Particularly, at noon, the illumination intensity is the largest, the wind power is also large, and the power generation capacity of the distributed power supply is large relative to other times.
2)7 month typical day results analysis
A typical day of 7 months was selected as the summer outcome analysis with cold, heat and electrical balance as shown in figures 4, 5 and 6.
As can be seen from the attached figure 4, the cooling load is concentrated at 6-19 points in summer, no cooling load exists in other times, the cooling demand in the system in the time period is borne by the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the voltage compression refrigerator, and the voltage compression refrigerator is the main force of cooling. In summer, the weather is hot, the cooling load is large, and an electric compressor (COP is 4) with strong refrigerating capacity is required to bear the main refrigerating power, and in contrast, the COP of the double-effect absorption refrigerator is only 1.2, so that the electric compressor is reasonable to become the main refrigerating power of the system.
Fig. 5 illustrates that the heat load in summer and the heat supply of the gas boiler in winter are different. The heat load is less in summer, and the heat requirement of the system is met mainly by the waste heat boiler.
Fig. 6 illustrates that in summer, when the temperature and the illumination are greatly increased, particularly in the midday, the photovoltaic power generation capacity is sharply increased. The power load in summer is very large, particularly the power load in the middle of the day reaches the peak, at the moment, the system needs to purchase power from a higher-level power grid to meet the power demand of the system, and the power load balance diagram is obviously different from the power load balance diagram in 1 month. The electricity load balance diagram at night is the same as that in winter, and the electricity demand in the system is all from the power purchase of the superior power grid for the same reason.
(3) Compared with the traditional comprehensive energy system
A conventional integrated energy system employed herein includes: internal combustion engines, boilers, refrigeration equipment, electrical loads, thermal loads, cold loads, and the like. The CPLEX is adopted for modeling and optimizing calculation, the lowest cost of the obtained life whole cycle is 1.2747e +08 yuan, and compared with a combined cooling heating and power system considering intermittent distributed power sources, the cost is increased more. The comprehensive energy system planning system equipment capacity of wind-light-electricity multi-energy complementation and cooling-heating-electricity multi-energy flow coordinated transfer supply in the region is considered, the energy utilization rate is effectively improved, good economic benefits are obtained, and the operation investment is reduced. Table 3, table 4 compares the projected capacity and cost composition of the two integrated energy systems, respectively:
TABLE 3 CCHP vs. projected Capacity for conventional Integrated energy System devices
TABLE 4 CCHP vs. conventional Integrated energy System cost
As can be seen from table 4, the conventional integrated energy system uses no fan or photovoltaic cell, so that the number of devices is relatively small, and the construction cost and the device maintenance cost are lower than those of the combined cooling heating and power system considering the intermittent distributed power source. However, the traditional comprehensive energy system has high operation cost, because the resource utilization efficiency is low, the variable working condition characteristic of wind and light distributed energy is not considered, the wind, light and electricity complementation is lacked, a large amount of gas cost and electricity purchasing cost are needed, the total cost is very high, and from the long-term operation result, the comprehensive energy system has the advantages of higher economic benefit, high resource utilization rate, use of more clean energy, reduction of environmental pollution and capability of realizing sustainable development of resources and cascade utilization of energy.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The optimized configuration method of the comprehensive energy system of the intermittent distributed power supply comprises the following steps of:
firstly, modeling each unit as follows:
(1) intermittent renewable energy source
1) Photovoltaic power generation
According to the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor material, the photovoltaic cell can directly convert solar energy into electric energy, the temperature coefficient epsilon of the photovoltaic cell is 0.2, and a mathematical model is as follows:
f(t)＝I+ε(T-Trated) (2)
in the formula, PPVRepresenting the photovoltaic output power, rratedIndicating the nominal light intensity, PratedRepresenting the photovoltaic power rating, TratedRepresents the nominal temperature, and T represents the photovoltaic cell temperature;
2) wind power generation
The long-term distribution of wind speed follows the Weibull distribution, which is commonly represented by a three-constant model:
wherein k is a Weibull shape parameter, c is a Weibull scale parameter, and v is a wind speed;
the mathematical model of wind power generation is as follows:
wherein v isci、vco、vratedRespectively representing cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed, rated wind speed, PWIndicating fan output power, PratedRepresents a rated power;
(2) combined supply equipment
1) Gas turbine
Variable working condition operation model of gas turbine:
η＝aW3+bW2+cW (5-1)
in the formula, a is 1.071, b is-2.816, c is 2.745, eta and W are the specific values of the power generation efficiency and the output power of the gas turbine to the rated value, namely per unit; the formula (5) is a function of 3 times, and piecewise linearization is needed in CPLEX calculation; in addition, the climbing and descending constraints of the gas turbine are also considered, namely the absolute value of the difference value of the output of the gas turbine between two load values before and after the load change in actual operation is less than or equal to 0.5 times of rated power;
2) internal combustion engine
The variable working condition operation model of the internal combustion engine is as shown in the formula (5-2).
η＝aW3+bW2+cW (5-2)
In the formula, a is 1.071, b is-2.816, c is 2.745, eta and W are the specific values of the power generation efficiency and the output power of the internal combustion engine to the rated value, namely the per unit value;
(3) refrigeration device
1) Double-effect absorption refrigerator
The refrigeration COP in summer is 1.2, namely 1.2 units of waste heat can be refrigerated every time the refrigeration COP absorbs 1 unit, the heating COP in winter is 0.9, namely 0.9 unit of waste heat can be heated every time the refrigeration COP absorbs 1 unit, the COP is the conversion rate between the absorbed energy and the released heat, which is called the heating energy efficiency ratio for short, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered;
2) electric refrigerator
The refrigerating COP in summer is 4, namely 4 units of refrigerating can be performed by absorbing 1 unit of electricity, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered;
(4) auxiliary equipment
1) Gas boiler
When the combined supply equipment cannot meet the heat demand of a user, the supplementary combustion of a gas-fired boiler is needed, the balance of supply and demand of heat energy is realized, and the variable working condition characteristic is not considered;
2) waste heat boiler
The equipment for changing water into steam by utilizing the heat of the flue gas discharged by the gas turbine does not consider the variable working condition characteristic;
secondly, setting the target function and the constraint condition as follows:
(1) objective function
After a photovoltaic power generation system and a wind power generation system are established, a randomness model is introduced into a comprehensive energy system model, an internal combustion engine is used as a prime mover, the total investment cost of the life whole period is used as an objective function, the objective function comprises the construction cost, the operation cost and the maintenance cost of each device, and the optimal capacity of the main devices of the system is optimized and configured; the objective function is as follows:
C＝∑CT+∑Com+∑Cup (6)
in the formula, CTFor construction costs, ComFor operating costs, CupFor maintenance cost, the specific expressions of each part are as follows:
1)CTincluding all equipment converted to annual installed costs:
in the formula, IntRateFor interest rate, t is the current year, RconverseTo convert annual costs to a factor of the current year, RrecoverFor depreciation rate, MjFor construction unit price, RM,jIs the capacity of the device;
2)Comincluding the gas cost and the electricity purchasing cost when the system generated energy is insufficient:
in the formula, Cg,iFor gas costs of internal combustion engines and gas boilers, Ce,IFor the purchase of electricity for the voltage-compression refrigerator and for the upper-level power grid, the peak-valley rate system, P, is usedbuyIs the power purchase, PECRIs the electric power of the electric compressor, VICE、VGFBVolume of gas consumed by internal combustion engines and gas boilers, KgIs the price of natural gas, KeIs the price of electricity, NdayHours to use;
3)Cupincluding maintenance costs for all equipment;
(2) constraint conditions
The comprehensive energy system needs to meet 4 supply and demand balances, namely 4 equality constraint conditions, namely, electric balance, heat balance, cold balance and waste heat balance; the electric balance, the heat balance and the cold balance refer to electric quantity, heat quantity and cold quantity which are generated by equipment and can meet the electric demand, the heat demand and the cold demand of a system; the waste heat balance means that waste heat generated by a waste heat boiler and a gas boiler needs to meet the waste heat requirement of the double-effect absorption refrigerator; inequality constraints of equipment operation, namely equipment power limitation and climbing constraint of the internal combustion engine, need to be met;
1) power balance constraint
In the formula, PPV、PW、PICERespectively the generated power of the photovoltaic, the fan and the internal combustion engine, PLoad_power、PLoad_heating、PLoad_coolingRespectively electric, thermal and cold load, PbuyIs the power purchase, PECRIs the electrical power of the electric compressor, PDAR_heating、PWHB、PGFBRespectively the heating power, P, of the double-effect absorption refrigerator, the exhaust-heat boiler and the gas boilerDAR_cooling、PECR_coolingRefrigeration powers of the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the electric compressor, respectively, EICEFor the residual heat power of internal combustion engines, EDAR、EWHBThe heat absorption power of the double-effect absorption refrigerator and the waste heat boiler is respectively;
2) plant operating constraints
The light intensity, wind speed, temperature and the like are greatly influenced by natural environment and have strong randomness, if the total capacity of the distributed power supplies is overlarge, the power supply quality and stability of the system are influenced, so that the installation capacity of the distributed power supplies is limited, and the constraint condition is that
SPV、SWRespectively the apparent power of the photovoltaic and the fan,
respectively representing the apparent power limit values of the photovoltaic and the draught fan;
PPV、PW、PICE、Pbuy、PECR、PWHB、PGFB、PDAR_heating、PDAR_coolingthe upper and lower limits of the power of the respective devices are satisfied:
in addition, the internal combustion engine also satisfies the hill climbing constraint:
|Pi,j+1 ICE-Pi,j ICE|≤0.5PICE, forehead (12)。
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