CN113127388A - Metadata writing method and related device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a metadata writing method, which comprises the following steps: the main controller writes the acquired metadata to be written into a DCPMM of the main controller; generating a corresponding write-in command according to the metadata to be written; sending the write command to the slave controller so that the slave controller writes the metadata to be written of the write command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system. The metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the master controller through the master controller, and then the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the slave controller through the slave controller according to the writing command, so that the metadata are all stored into the DCPMM, double backup storage is realized, and the reliability and the safety of metadata storage are improved. The application also discloses a metadata writing device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data storage technologies, and in particular, to a metadata writing method, a metadata writing apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
With the continuous development of information technology, in order to further increase the data storage speed and maintain higher data read-write performance, a storage system that totally adopts flash memories, i.e., a full flash memory storage system (full flash memory array) has appeared. Full flash memory arrays are stand-alone memory arrays or devices that are composed entirely of solid-state storage media (typically NAND flash memory) and are used to enhance the performance of environments that may contain disk arrays or to replace all conventional hard disk storage arrays.
In the related art, in an all-flash memory storage system, there are storage operations with different characteristics, such as deduplication, compression, thin volume, and the like. Also, metadata is stored using a plurality of large B + trees, and metadata changes frequently. In order to modify metadata in real time, the metadata part is usually temporarily stored in a memory, needs to be periodically printed on an SSD (Solid State Disk) Disk, and must be power-down protected to prevent data loss. Meanwhile, the SSD hard disk does not support local update, so that frequent modification of metadata brings about severe write amplification. Therefore, in the related art, the problems that metadata are easily lost and damaged by SSD disk storage are solved, and the reliability and the safety of the storage metadata of the storage system are reduced.
Therefore, how to improve the reliability of the stored metadata is a key issue of attention by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The metadata to be written is written into a DCPMM of a master controller through the master controller, and then written into the DCPMM of a slave controller through the slave controller according to a write-in command, so that the metadata is uniformly stored into the DCPMM, and the reliability and the safety of metadata storage are improved due to double backup storage.
To solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a metadata writing method, including:
the main controller writes the acquired metadata to be written into a DCPMM of the main controller;
generating a corresponding write-in command according to the metadata to be written;
sending the write command to a slave controller so that the slave controller can write the metadata to be written of the write command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
Optionally, sending the write command to the slave controller includes:
and sending the write command to the slave controller through an NTB interface.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the master controller adds the write command to a list of commands to be acknowledged.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and when the master controller receives a confirmation message corresponding to the write command sent by the slave controller, deleting the write command from the command list to be confirmed.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when the DCPMM controller detects a data block with an uncorrectable error, the DCPMM controller copies the data block with the uncorrectable error to a free storage position and sets an error data mark.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when a master controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the master controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from a slave controller and writes the data into a DCPMM of the master controller;
and/or when a slave controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the slave controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from the master controller and writes the data into the DCPMM of the slave controller.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when the list of uncorrectable errors is inspected out by the automatic error inspection, the list of uncorrectable errors is sent to an operating system through an ACPI interface;
the storage software of the operating system uses the slave controller for data recovery according to the list of uncorrectable errors.
The present application also provides a metadata writing apparatus, including:
the local writing module is used for writing the acquired metadata to be written into the DCPMM of the main controller;
the command generation module is used for generating a corresponding write-in command according to the metadata to be written;
the command sending module is used for sending the writing command to a slave controller so that the slave controller can write the metadata to be written of the writing command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
The present application further provides a server, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the metadata writing method as described above when executing the computer program.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the metadata writing method as described above.
The metadata writing method provided by the application comprises the following steps: the main controller writes the acquired metadata to be written into a DCPMM of the main controller; generating a corresponding write-in command according to the metadata to be written; sending the write command to a slave controller so that the slave controller can write the metadata to be written of the write command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
The metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the master controller through the master controller, and then the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the slave controller through the slave controller according to the writing command, so that the metadata are all stored into the DCPMM, double backup storage is realized, and the reliability and the safety of metadata storage are improved.
The present application further provides a metadata writing device, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium, which have the above beneficial effects and are not described herein again.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a metadata writing method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a metadata writing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The core of the application is to provide a metadata writing method, a metadata writing device, a server and a computer readable storage medium, the metadata to be written is written into a DCPMM of a master controller through the master controller, and then the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of a slave controller through the slave controller according to a writing command, so that the metadata is uniformly stored into the DCPMM, and the metadata is stored in a double backup mode, and the reliability and the safety of metadata storage are improved.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the related art, in an all-flash memory storage system, there are storage operations with different characteristics, such as deduplication, compression, thin volume, and the like. Also, metadata is stored using a plurality of large B + trees, and metadata changes frequently. In order to modify metadata in real time, the metadata is usually partially buffered in memory, needs to be periodically written down to the SSD disk, and must be power-down protected to prevent data loss. Meanwhile, the SSD hard disk does not support local update, so that frequent modification of metadata brings about severe write amplification. Therefore, in the related art, the problems that metadata are easily lost and damaged by SSD disk storage are solved, and the reliability and the safety of the storage metadata of the storage system are reduced.
Therefore, the metadata writing method includes that the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the master controller through the master controller, and then the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the slave controller through the slave controller according to a writing command, so that the metadata are stored in the DCPMM, double backup storage is achieved, and reliability and safety of metadata storage are improved.
A metadata writing method provided by the present application is described below by an embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a metadata writing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the method may include:
s101, the main controller writes the acquired metadata to be written into a DCPMM of the main controller;
the step aims to write the metadata to be written into the DCPMM of the main controller through the main controller so as to store the corresponding metadata through the DCPMM.
The metadata to be written may be newly written metadata, may also be metadata that needs to be modified, or may also be repeatedly written metadata.
The dcpmm (dc Persistent Memory module) refers to a nonvolatile Memory of a DIMM (Dual-Inline-Memory-Modules) slot, which is a Persistent Memory technology. The read-write performance of the DCPMM device is far higher than that of an SSD hard disk, the wear performance is good, and the DCPMM device has the characteristic of modifying data in situ. Therefore, writing the metadata directly into the DCPMM can maintain the security and reliability of metadata storage.
The metadata to be written received by the main controller may be the metadata to be written sent by the upper system, or the metadata to be written sent by other devices. It is to be noted that the manner of receiving the metadata to be written in the present application is not exclusive and is not limited herein.
Further, metadata of the metadata may also be stored in the host controller, i.e., the metadata is stored. The meta-metadata is mainly used to store the storage state of the metadata.
S102, generating a corresponding write-in command according to metadata to be written in;
on the basis of S101, this step is intended to generate a corresponding write command according to the metadata to be written, mainly to send the metadata to be written to the slave controller.
Further, in this step, the to-be-written metadata may be encapsulated according to a preset format to obtain the write command. The preset format may be any one of the package formats provided in the prior art, and is not specifically limited herein.
S103, sending the write-in command to the slave controller so that the slave controller writes the metadata to be written in the write-in command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
On the basis of S102, this step is intended to transmit a write command to the slave controller so that the slave controller writes the metadata to be written of the write command in the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system, that is, the storage operation of metadata to be written is also realized in the slave controller, so that the dual backup of the metadata to be written is realized, and the safety and the reliability of metadata storage are improved.
When the slave controller receives the write command, corresponding metadata to be written is extracted from the write command, and then the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the slave controller.
Further, the master controller and the slave controller in this embodiment are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system. That is to say, in the storage process of the full flash memory storage system of this embodiment, when the corresponding metadata needs to be written or operated, the original data is stored in the DCPMM by the master controller or the slave controller, rather than being stored in the SSD. Write amplification caused by frequent change of metadata is avoided, and the security and reliability of metadata storage are improved.
Further, the operation of "sending the write command to the slave controller" in this step may include:
the write command is sent to the slave controller through the NTB interface.
It can be seen that in this alternative scheme, the command is mainly sent through the NTB interface. The NTB (Non-Transparent Bridge) interface is a Non-Transparent Bridge interface, so that two main boards (processors) with independent IO/Memory domains can directly transmit data, and the sending efficiency of commands is improved.
Further, in order to maintain the reliability of command transmission and completion and avoid the situations that the command is lost and not executed, the embodiment may further include:
the host controller adds the write command to the list of commands to be acknowledged.
Therefore, in the alternative, the master controller records a list of commands sent to the slave controllers so as to record the sending condition and avoid the loss problem.
On the basis of the above optional embodiment, this embodiment may further include:
and when the master controller receives the confirmation message corresponding to the write command sent by the slave controller, deleting the write command from the command list to be confirmed.
Therefore, in the alternative, after the slave controller completes the execution, the determination message is fed back, so that the master controller can delete the corresponding write-in command, the execution state of the slave controller and the sending condition of the write-in command are controlled, the problem of command sending is avoided, and the stability is improved.
Further, in order to improve reliability of data storage and improve correctness of data, the embodiment may further include:
when the DCPMM controller detects the data block with the uncorrectable error, the DCPMM controller copies the data block with the uncorrectable error to a free storage position and sets an error data flag.
Further, this embodiment may further include:
when the master controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the master controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from the slave controller and writes the data into a DCPMM of the master controller;
and/or when a slave controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the slave controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from the master controller and writes the data into the DCPMM of the slave controller.
Further, this embodiment may further include:
when the list of uncorrectable errors is inspected out by the automatic error inspection, the list of uncorrectable errors is sent to an operating system through an ACPI interface;
the operating system's storage software uses the controller for data recovery according to the list of uncorrectable errors.
The ACPI (advanced Configuration and Power interface) interface refers to an advanced Configuration and Power interface.
In summary, in the embodiment, the master controller writes the metadata to be written into the DCPMM of the master controller, and then the slave controller writes the metadata to be written into the DCPMM of the slave controller according to the write command, so that the metadata are all stored into the DCPMM, and the metadata are stored in a dual backup manner, thereby improving the reliability and the safety of metadata storage.
A metadata writing method provided in the present application is further described below by a specific embodiment.
In this embodiment, a full flash memory system will be described as an example. There are many kinds of metadata in storage systems. The present embodiment takes the mapping relationship from the logical block address to the physical block address as an example to describe the method.
First, two storage controllers are configured into one IOGROUP (IO group). The metadata on the two storage controllers within an IOGROUP are mirror images of each other. The NTB interface is used between the two controllers to transmit commands and data. Meta-metadata is used in a storage controller to represent the storage state of certain metadata. When the metadata is updated only on the master controller, the status of the metadata is a to-be-confirmed status, and when the update of the metadata is confirmed from the slave controller, the status is an update-completed status.
The master controller of any metadata can be determined according to a preset selection rule, and the other controller is called a slave controller. The main controller memory has a list of commands to be confirmed. And the writing operation of the metadata is controlled and executed by the main controller.
The main controller writes the updated data into the local DCPMM and sets the meta data of the local DCPMM as a state to be confirmed; the master controller generates a write command with a serial number at the same time and sends the write command to the slave controller, and the write command is added into a command list to be confirmed in the memory. The slave controller writes the data in the command to the local DCPMM and replies an acknowledgement message to the master controller. And after receiving the confirmation message, the main controller deletes the corresponding command from the command list to be confirmed in the memory, and the state of the metadata is modified to be confirmed to be completed. The reading of the metadata is also performed by the master controller. To optimize performance, the master may send multiple commands at once to the slave, which may also acknowledge the multiple commands in a single response message.
The controller inside the DCPMM device performs ECC protection on the stored data, and when the controller cannot recover the data, it is said that an uncorrectable error occurs. When the BIOS performs ARS (address range patrol), internal DCPMM patrol, and normal data reading and writing, an uncorrectable error may occur. The DCPMM controller will copy the data block where the uncorrectable error occurred to a free memory location and set the poison flag (i.e., the error data flag).
When the memory controller reads data with the poison flag, it passes the flag to the operating system. The operating system must be able to recognize the flag and pass it to the stored software. When the storage software reads the data, if the poison mark is received, the local data is damaged. The storage software attempts to read the data from the partner storage control. If the read is successful, the data is written to the local DCPMM. If the read fails, the data is lost and must be recovered by other methods.
The storage controller periodically performs ARS routing inspection. The ARS tour inspection is controlled by a BIOS (basic I/O system). The BIOS feeds back a list of uncorrectable errors found by the patrol to the operating system through the ACPI interface. The storage software, upon retrieving the list, will attempt to recover the data in the list from the partner controller. Since the probability of occurrence of an uncorrectable error in a DCPMM device is extremely low, it is a small probability event that an uncorrectable error occurs at the same SPA (system physical address) address by the dual controller.
Therefore, in the embodiment, the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the master controller through the master controller, and then the metadata to be written is written into the DCPMM of the slave controller through the slave controller according to the writing command, so that the metadata is stored in the DCPMM, the storage is dual-backup storage, and the reliability and the safety of metadata storage are improved.
In the following, the metadata writing device provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced, and the metadata writing device described below and the metadata writing method described above may be referred to correspondingly.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a metadata writing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment, the apparatus may include:
a local write-in module 100, configured to write the obtained metadata to be written in a DCPMM of the master controller;
a command generating module 200, configured to generate a corresponding write command according to metadata to be written;
a command sending module 300, configured to send a write command to the slave controller, so that the slave controller writes metadata to be written of the write command in the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
Optionally, the command sending module 300 is specifically configured to send the write command to the slave controller through an NTB interface.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
and the to-be-confirmed adding module is used for adding the write command to the to-be-confirmed command list by the main controller.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
and the confirmation module is used for deleting the write command from the command list to be confirmed when the main controller receives a confirmation message corresponding to the write command sent by the slave controller.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
and the error flag setting module is used for copying the data block with the uncorrectable error to a free storage position and setting an error data flag when the DCPMM controller detects the data block with the uncorrectable error.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
the error mark processing module is used for acquiring data corresponding to a data block from the slave controller and writing the data into the DCPMM of the master controller when the master controller reads the data block provided with the error data mark;
and/or when a slave controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the slave controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from the master controller and writes the data into the DCPMM of the slave controller.
Optionally, the apparatus may further include:
the batch recovery module is used for sending the list of the uncorrectable errors to the operating system through the ACPI interface when the list of the uncorrectable errors is detected by the automatic error detection module; the storage software controlling the operating system performs data recovery from the controller using the list of uncorrectable errors.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a server, including:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the metadata writing method as in the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when being executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the metadata writing method according to the above embodiments.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
A metadata writing method, a metadata writing apparatus, a server, and a computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A metadata writing method, comprising:
the main controller writes the acquired metadata to be written into a DCPMM of the main controller;
generating a corresponding write-in command according to the metadata to be written;
sending the write command to a slave controller so that the slave controller can write the metadata to be written of the write command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
2. The metadata writing method according to claim 1, wherein sending the write command to a slave controller comprises:
and sending the write command to the slave controller through an NTB interface.
3. The metadata writing method according to claim 1, further comprising:
the master controller adds the write command to a list of commands to be acknowledged.
4. The metadata writing method according to claim 3, further comprising:
and when the master controller receives a confirmation message corresponding to the write command sent by the slave controller, deleting the write command from the command list to be confirmed.
5. The metadata writing method according to claim 1, further comprising:
when the DCPMM controller detects a data block with an uncorrectable error, the DCPMM controller copies the data block with the uncorrectable error to a free storage position and sets an error data mark.
6. The metadata writing method according to claim 5, further comprising:
when a master controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the master controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from a slave controller and writes the data into a DCPMM of the master controller;
and/or when a slave controller reads a data block provided with an error data mark, the slave controller acquires data corresponding to the data block from the master controller and writes the data into the DCPMM of the slave controller.
7. The metadata writing method according to claim 1, further comprising:
when the list of uncorrectable errors is inspected out by the automatic error inspection, the list of uncorrectable errors is sent to an operating system through an ACPI interface;
the storage software of the operating system uses the slave controller for data recovery according to the list of uncorrectable errors.
8. A metadata writing apparatus, comprising:
the local writing module is used for writing the acquired metadata to be written into the DCPMM of the main controller;
the command generation module is used for generating a corresponding write-in command according to the metadata to be written;
the command sending module is used for sending the writing command to a slave controller so that the slave controller can write the metadata to be written of the writing command into the DCPMM of the slave controller; the master controller and the slave controller are both storage controllers of the full flash memory storage system.
9. A server, comprising:
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the steps of the metadata writing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing said computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored thereon, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the metadata writing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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