CN113125386A - Method for generating chiral plasmon based on carbon nanotube and application - Google Patents
Method for generating chiral plasmon based on carbon nanotube and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN113125386A CN113125386A CN202110409783.9A CN202110409783A CN113125386A CN 113125386 A CN113125386 A CN 113125386A CN 202110409783 A CN202110409783 A CN 202110409783A CN 113125386 A CN113125386 A CN 113125386A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for generating chiral plasmons based on carbon nano tubes, which comprises the step of generating the chiral plasmons by the action of intermediate infrared laser pulses and the carbon nano tubes, and also provides application of the chiral plasmons. Based on the effect of the mid-infrared laser and the carbon nano tube, chiral plasmons are generated, and the method is simple and efficient. The chirality of the plasmons can be conveniently changed by changing the polarization direction of the laser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of interaction of light and substances, in particular to a method for generating chiral plasmons based on a carbon nano tube and application of the method.
Background
Chirality, the concept originally derived from the greek word (kheir), is used to describe the difference between the left and right hands, i.e. mirror images of each other but not coincident. The chirality of a substance is of only two types: left and right handedness. Chiral materials in nature are ubiquitous, such as amino acids, nucleic acids, and proteins. Their twinned molecules look very similar, but the properties may be quite different. Some drug molecules can cure the disease, but its mirror image molecule may be a toxic drug. Therefore, chiral identification of biomolecules is very important. The unique optical response of chiral materials makes it an effective means to identify and characterize their complex structures and physical properties. It is well known that most biomolecules are difficult to detect due to their too weak chiral response intensity and very small diameter. The surface plasmon breaks through the characteristics of diffraction limit propagation and local electric field enhancement, so that the surface plasmon becomes a very important means in the field of research of chiral materials.
Recently, chiral plasmons have been used to differentially identify different chiral molecules in various fields, such as physics, biology, chemistry, and drug development. In these studies, various structures composed of metamaterials have exhibited many novel phenomena in generating chiral responses to light, but the preparation processes thereof are very complicated. Chiral plasmons are also present in noble metal silver nanowires, but they act as ideal conductors only in the visible region, with the chiral response range being far from the infrared response region of most biomolecules.
Therefore, a new simple and easy excitation method of chiral plasmons is needed to be found, which can conveniently and efficiently detect the chirality of most biomolecules.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and discloses a method for generating chiral plasmons based on the action of mid-infrared laser and carbon nanotubes. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for generating chiral plasmons based on carbon nanotubes and applications thereof.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for generating chiral plasmons based on carbon nanotubes, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) focusing the intermediate infrared laser pulse by using a convex lens to form a light spot;
(2) and (3) enabling the focused light spots in the step (1) to act with the carbon nano tubes to generate chiral plasmons.
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein in the step (1), the focal length of the convex lens is 1 to 5cm, preferably 3 cm.
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein, in the step (1), the wave number of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 400 to 2000cm-1Preferably 840-1600 cm-1。
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein in the step (1), the beam waist size of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 0.5 to 2.0 μm, preferably 0.5 to 1.5 μm, and most preferably 1.0 μm.
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein, in the step (1), the polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 0 ° to 360 °, preferably, the polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse is not 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, or 270 °, and most preferably, the polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 45 ° or 135 °.
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein, in the step (1), the mid-infrared laser pulse is a paraxial approximate gaussian beam. The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein in the step (2), the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 1 to 6 nm, preferably 2.5 to 4.5 nm.
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein, in the step (2), the carbon nanotubes are single-walled carbon nanotubes.
The method according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the method controls the excitation pattern of the carbon nanotube plasmon by the incident polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse to regulate the chirality of the carbon nanotube plasmon.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for detecting a chiral molecule, the method comprising the method for generating a chiral plasmon based on a carbon nanotube according to the first aspect.
The method for generating chiral plasmons based on the carbon nanotubes can have the following beneficial effects:
(1) based on the effect of the mid-infrared laser and the carbon nano tube, chiral plasmons are generated, and the method is simple and efficient.
(2) The chirality of the plasmons can be conveniently changed by changing the polarization direction of the laser.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nanotube plasmon detection structure using near-field optical techniques provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a distribution of an electric field for exciting a plasmon of three modes provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention in a cross section, where fig. 2(a) shows a plasmon electric field distribution of an m-0 mode, fig. 2(b) shows a plasmon electric field distribution of an m-1 mode, and fig. 2(c) shows a plasmon electric field distribution of an m-1 mode.
Fig. 3 is a distribution of electric fields superimposed by plasmons exciting three modes provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention in a plan view, where fig. 3(a) shows an electric field distribution of a right-handed plasmon, fig. 3(b) shows an electric field distribution of a left-handed plasmon, fig. 3(c) shows an electric field distribution of plasmons superimposed with m ═ 0 and m ═ 1, and fig. 3(d) shows an electric field distribution of a plasmon with m ═ 1.
FIG. 4 is an electric field distribution across a cross-section of a nanotube taken at 40nm intervals as provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. mid-infrared laser pulses; 2. a carbon nanotube; 3. a plasmon; 4. electric field distribution of 0 mode plasmon on a cross section; 5. electric field distribution of the plasmons of the 1 mode on the cross section; 6. electric field distribution of the plasmon of the m ═ 1 mode on the cross section; 7. polarization direction of incident laser light is 45 degrees; 8. polarization direction of incident laser-45 °; 9. the polarization direction of the incident laser is 0 degree; 10. the polarization direction of the incident laser is 90 degrees; 11. electric field distribution of plasmons on a plan view when the polarization direction of incident laser light is 45 °; 12. electric field distribution of plasmons on a top view when the polarization direction of incident laser is-45 degrees; 13. electric field distribution of plasmons on a plan view when the polarization direction of the incident laser light is 0 °; 14. electric field distribution of plasmons on a plan view when the polarization direction of incident laser light is 90 °; 15-20, intercepting the electric field distribution on the cross section of the nanotube plasmon electric field at intervals of 40 nm; 21. a rotational propagation direction of the helical surface plasmon wave.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which, however, are to be construed as merely illustrative, and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure in any way whatsoever.
This section generally describes the materials used in the testing of the present invention, as well as the testing methods. Although many materials and methods of operation are known in the art for the purpose of carrying out the invention, the invention is nevertheless described herein in as detail as possible. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the materials and methods of operation used in the present invention are well within the skill of the art, provided that they are not specifically illustrated.
Example 1
This example serves to illustrate the method of the present invention for detecting nanotube plasmons using near-field optical techniques.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a nanotube plasmon detection structure using near-field optical techniques provided by the present invention. The inventor uses commercial software COMSOL based on finite element method to numerically simulate the excited chiral plasmon in the carbon nano tube, and uses a mode analysis module to analyze the plasmon mode of the carbon nano tube, tries to find the waveguide mode which can be excited in the middle infrared band of the carbon nano tube, and further can know the electric field distribution of the carbon nano tube.
The inventors place carbon nanotubes in a Boron Nitride (BN) dielectric environment. The electrical conductivity of a carbon nanotube is given by the Random Phase Approximation (RPA) of the local limit (q → 0):
where ω is the frequency, EFIs the fermi level and τ is the scattering time of the carriers in the nanotube. Vertically irradiating a paraxial approximate Gaussian beam (mid-infrared laser pulse) with the beam waist size of 1.0 mu m of light spot on the surface of a carbon nano tube by using a convex lens with the focal length of 3cm, wherein the diameter of the carbon nano tube is 2.5-4.5 nanometers, and the wave number of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 840-1600 cm-1. The angle (alpha) between the polarization direction of the excitation light and the nanotube axis. When the light is rotated counterclockwise along the nanotube axis, α is defined as positive.With respect to the setting of the time-harmonic field, the inventors herein have recognized that
As an electric field component of the excitation light, E0In order to be a spatial distribution of the incident field,
the phase of the incident field. To excite a certain mode of plasmon, it is necessary to require overlap of the incident field with the field component of the plasmon mode, and only then this mode can be formed. Then, in order to make the excitation efficiency high, the overlapped portion is increased by some means.
When the nanotube is illuminated with excitation light having an incident polarization parallel to the nanotube axis, the m-0 mode 4 and the m-1 mode 6 may be excited simultaneously. And when the instantaneous phase of the excitation light is 0, there is exactly an overlap with the m-0 mode 4 (fig. 2 a); when the excitation light continues to propagate with a temporal phase of pi/2, it just overlaps with the m-1 mode 6 (fig. 2 c). The excitation light is then polarized perpendicular to the nanotube axis and the instantaneous phase is 0, the instantaneous electric field overlaps with the m-1 mode 5 (fig. 2 b). When the incident angle polarization angle is 0 ° < α <90 °, there are both parallel and perpendicular components, and thus, three plasmon modes can be excited at the same time with m ═ 0, m ± 1. Where m-0 mode is the vibration of electron density wave along the axial direction of the carbon nanotube, and m-1 mode is the vibration of electron density wave perpendicular to the axial direction of the carbon nanotube, and their vibration directions are perpendicular to each other.
It can be seen from the electric field diagrams of fig. 3b and 3c that the vibrations of the two modes are perpendicular to each other, and it can be known from the circularly polarized light forming mechanism that when the amplitudes of the two modes are equal and the phase difference is ± pi/2, circularly polarized surface plasmons can be formed. Like circularly polarized light, circularly polarized surface plasmons carry an angular momentum σ±. It has been mentioned above that when an excitation beam of arbitrary polarization strikes a carbon nanotube, three plasmon modes are excited simultaneously. Reference numerals 7 to 10 in fig. 3 show different polarization directions of incident laser light, and when the incident light is polarized at 45 °, two modes where m is ± 1 are superimposed to formCircular polarization plasmons, in which a mode with m equal to 0 is also excited, appear on the nanotube cross section when superimposed on circular polarization plasmons as coherent constructive one side and coherent destructive the other side, thus forming a helical electric field distribution, referred to as chiral surface plasmons, as shown in fig. 3 a. Whereas when the excitation polarization direction is changed to-45 ° (i.e., 315 °), the helical directions of the chiral plasmons are completely opposite, as shown in fig. 3 b. This is because the chirality of the plasmon, i.e., the helical direction, is controlled by the phase difference between two modes, i.e., ± 1, and when the phase difference between the two modes is positive, the circular polarization direction is clockwise rotation, i.e., the surface plasmon of the right chirality, and conversely, the circular polarization direction is the surface plasmon of the left chirality.
In fig. 4, reference numerals 15 to 20 refer to cross sections of the nanotube plasmon electric field at intervals of 40nm, so that the spiral near field distribution and the time-averaged electric field intensity can be seen more clearly. White arrows 21 in the figure indicate the rotational propagation direction of the helical surface plasmon wave. The generation of the plasmon with chirality based on the carbon nanotube is realized by adjusting the polarization of incident light.
Although the present invention has been described to a certain extent, it is apparent that appropriate changes in the respective conditions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, but is to be accorded the scope consistent with the claims, including equivalents of each element described.
Claims (10)
1. A method of generating chiral plasmons based on carbon nanotubes, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) focusing the intermediate infrared laser pulse by using a convex lens to form a light spot;
(2) and (3) enabling the focused light spots in the step (1) to act with the carbon nano tubes to generate chiral plasmons.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the focal length of the convex lens is 1-5cm, preferably 3 cm.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), the wave number of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 400 to 2000cm-1Preferably 840-1600 cm-1。
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step (1), the beam waist size of the spot formed by focusing the mid-infrared laser pulse is 0.5-2.0 μm, preferably 0.5-1.5 μm, and most preferably 1.0 μm.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step (1), the incident polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 0 ° to 360 °, preferably the polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse is not 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° or 270 °, most preferably the polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse is 45 ° or 315 °.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step (1), the mid-infrared laser pulse is a paraxial-approximate Gaussian beam.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in step (2), the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 1 to 6 nm, preferably 2.5 to 4.5 nm.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in step (2), the carbon nanotubes are single-walled carbon nanotubes.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method controls the excitation pattern of the carbon nanotube plasmons by the incident polarization angle of the mid-infrared laser pulse to modulate the chirality of the carbon nanotube plasmons.
10. A method for detecting chiral molecules, comprising the method for generating chiral plasmons based on carbon nanotubes according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113625377A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Device and method for reducing optical loss of polariton material based on isotopic enrichment |
| CN114112926A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 西安邮电大学 | Carbon nanotube chiral molecule detection device |
Citations (2)
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| CN105510640A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-20 | 武汉大学 | Metal nanowire surface plasmon nano light source-based optical microscope |
| US10459257B2 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2019-10-29 | Monash University | Carbon-based surface plasmon source and applications thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10459257B2 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2019-10-29 | Monash University | Carbon-based surface plasmon source and applications thereof |
| CN105510640A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-20 | 武汉大学 | Metal nanowire surface plasmon nano light source-based optical microscope |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| A. YOKOYAMA等: ""Giant circular dichroism in individual carbon nanotubes induced by extrinsic chirality"", 《MESOSCALE AND NANOSCALE PHYSICS》 * |
| 田晓玲等: "第4章 半导体碳纳米管的等离子激元研究", 《中国优秀硕士学问论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113625377A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Device and method for reducing optical loss of polariton material based on isotopic enrichment |
| CN114112926A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 西安邮电大学 | Carbon nanotube chiral molecule detection device |
| CN114112926B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-08-18 | 西安邮电大学 | Carbon nanotube chiral molecule detection device |
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