CN113125132B - Bolt looseness sensing device, system and method based on double-layer substrate patch antenna - Google Patents
Bolt looseness sensing device, system and method based on double-layer substrate patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN113125132B CN113125132B CN202110287538.5A CN202110287538A CN113125132B CN 113125132 B CN113125132 B CN 113125132B CN 202110287538 A CN202110287538 A CN 202110287538A CN 113125132 B CN113125132 B CN 113125132B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H13/00—Measuring resonant frequency
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/0716—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising a sensor or an interface to a sensor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
- G06K7/10297—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
Abstract
The invention relates to a bolt looseness sensing device, a system and a method based on a double-layer substrate patch antenna, which are used for detecting whether a bolt is loosened or not, the device comprises an RFID label and an assembly unit, the RFID label comprises an upper layer assembly and a lower layer assembly, the upper layer assembly comprises an upper layer substrate, an upper layer patch and a chip, the upper layer patch and the chip are respectively arranged on the upper layer substrate and are mutually connected through a microstrip line, the lower layer assembly comprises a lower layer substrate and a ground plane arranged on the lower layer substrate, the upper layer patch, the upper layer substrate, the lower layer substrate and the ground plane are sequentially arranged from top to bottom to form a patch antenna, the upper layer assembly is fixedly arranged at the head of the bolt through the assembly unit, the lower layer assembly can axially move along the bolt along with the change of the length of a bolt screw rod through the assembly unit, and the chip stores the position information of the bolt, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of low cost, wide application range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bolt looseness monitoring, in particular to a bolt looseness sensing device, a bolt looseness sensing system and a bolt looseness sensing method based on a double-layer substrate patch antenna.
Background
Bolts are common connectors used in engineering to connect parts of a structure together and to transfer forces between the parts. By adopting a bolt connection structure, the problem of bolt looseness often occurs, so that the failure of key parts of the structure and even the whole structure is caused, and further serious life and property loss is caused. Therefore, for the structure adopting the bolt connection, the bolt loosening monitoring is necessary so as to know the bolt state in time and reduce the occurrence of catastrophic accidents to the maximum extent.
Currently, there are three types of commonly used bolt monitoring technologies, which are respectively: vibration-based monitoring techniques, electromechanical impedance-based monitoring techniques, and guided wave-based monitoring techniques.
The bolt monitoring technology based on vibration judges the connection state of the bolt by extracting the changes of the characteristic frequency, the transfer function, the power spectrum and other dynamic characteristics of the whole structure before and after the bolt is loosened. However, an assembled structure usually contains a large number of bolt connections, and the bolt loosening at local positions does not cause the change of the overall dynamic characteristics of the structure, which results in that the bolt loosening monitoring technology based on vibration cannot make a timely judgment on the bolt loosening at local positions.
The bolt looseness monitoring technology based on electromechanical impedance determines bolt pretightening force by monitoring the change of mechanical impedance of a bolt connecting part. In the method, a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) is generally required to be adhered to a position close to the bolt connection, and the change of the bolt pretightening force can be judged by monitoring the change of the electrical impedance due to the coupling of the electrical impedance and the mechanical impedance of the PZT. However, the monitoring range of the monitoring technique is limited to the vicinity of the piezoelectric sensor and requires an expensive high-precision impedance analyzer, which results in a limitation in practical application.
The bolt looseness monitoring technology based on the guided waves determines the bolt connection state by measuring the change of the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in a bolt screw or the change of the transmitted wave energy of the ultrasonic guided waves at the connection surface of a connected part, and is an effective nondestructive monitoring method. However, the method has high requirements on measuring equipment and is difficult to be applied in a large range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a bolt loosening sensing device, a bolt loosening sensing system and a bolt loosening sensing method based on a double-layer substrate patch antenna, which have high accuracy and strong practicability, can reduce the monitoring cost of bolt loosening and realize passive wireless monitoring on the state of a large-range bolt.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a bolt looseness sensing device based on a double-layer substrate patch antenna is used for detecting the working state of a bolt and comprises an RFID tag and an assembly unit, wherein the RFID tag comprises an upper layer component and a lower layer component, the upper layer component comprises an upper layer substrate, an upper layer patch and a chip, the upper layer patch and the chip are respectively arranged on the upper layer substrate and are mutually connected through microstrip lines, the lower layer component comprises a lower layer substrate and a ground plane arranged on the lower layer substrate, the upper layer patch, the upper layer substrate, the lower layer substrate and the ground plane are sequentially arranged from top to bottom to form a patch antenna, the upper layer component is fixedly arranged at the head of the bolt through the assembly unit, the lower layer component can axially move along the bolt along with the change of the length of a bolt screw through the assembly unit, and the chip carries the code and the position information of the RFID tag;
when the detection bolt takes place not hard up, through the resonant frequency who detects the device patch antenna, judge whether lower floor's subassembly has taken place the displacement along the bolt axial along the change of bolt screw rod length, realize the detection to bolt operating condition.
Further, the assembly unit comprises a fixed guide ring and a connecting rod, the fixed guide ring is fixedly arranged at the head of the bolt, the upper-layer substrate and the lower-layer substrate are respectively sleeved in the fixed guide ring, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the tail of the bolt screw, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower-layer component and is used for converting the length change of the bolt screw into the displacement change of the lower-layer component.
Preferably, the upper substrate and the lower substrate are circular substrates, a plurality of notches are formed in the circular substrates along the circumference, a plurality of protrusions are arranged on the inner ring of the fixed guide ring along the circumference, and the notches and the protrusions are matched with each other to guide the movement of the lower assembly.
Further preferably, the bolt is an axial hole-opened bolt, a through hole is axially formed in the bolt, and the connecting rod is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode.
Preferably, the material of the upper patch, the microstrip line and the ground plane is brass, and the material of the upper substrate and the lower substrate is FR 4.
Preferably, the upper layer patch is printed on the upper layer substrate, and the ground plane is printed on the lower layer substrate.
The utility model provides a bolt looseness sensing system based on double-deck base plate patch antenna, includes RFID displacement sensor and RFID reads the ware, RFID displacement sensor for if bolt looseness sensing device, RFID read ware and chip mutually support for activate the chip, detect patch antenna's resonant frequency, and read the positional information of bolt.
Further, the RFID reader detects and obtains the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag by searching for the transmitting frequency when the minimum transmitting power of the activation chip reaches the minimum value.
Furthermore, after the chip is activated by the RFID reader, the patch antenna in the RFID tag generates current and emits electromagnetic wave signals of the code and the position information of the RFID tag, and the RFID reader receives the electromagnetic wave signals and obtains the position information and the working state information of the bolt through data processing by combining the detected resonant frequency of the patch antenna.
A bolt looseness detection method using the double-layer substrate patch antenna based bolt looseness sensing system of claim, comprising the steps of:
s1: the RFID reader transmits modulated electromagnetic wave signals to the RFID tag corresponding to any bolt at different frequencies;
s2: when the minimum transmitting power of the activation chip reaches the minimum value, the transmitting frequency of the RFID reader is searched, and the transmitting frequency is used as the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag;
s3: judging whether the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID label has resonant frequency drift or not, if so, loosening the bolt corresponding to the RFID label;
s4: after the RFID reader activates the chip, the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the patch antenna in the RFID tag is read, the position information of the bolt is obtained, and the position of the bolt which is loosened is positioned.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the bolt looseness sensing device disclosed by the invention applies the resonance characteristic of a double-layer substrate patch antenna, an upper layer patch, a ground plane and a dielectric medium between the upper layer patch and the ground plane form a resonance system, the resonance system is connected with a screw rod of a bolt through an assembly unit, so that a lower layer assembly is displaced along with the change of the length of the screw rod, when the size of a gap between the upper layer substrate and the lower layer substrate is changed, the effective dielectric constant of the patch antenna is changed, the drift of the resonance frequency of the antenna is caused, and the detection of the working state of the bolt is realized;
2) when the pretightening force of the bolt changes, obvious resonance frequency drift can be generated, so that the drift amount of the resonance frequency of the patch antenna and the change of the length of the screw have a definite relation in a fixed range, the drift amount of the resonance frequency of the antenna can be wirelessly detected, the connection state of the bolt is calculated, the resonance frequency of the antenna is used as a parameter to judge the state of the bolt, the parameter is influenced by factors such as distance, environmental noise and the like, and the applicability and the accuracy of the sensing system are improved;
3) the RFID tag is a passive wireless sensor, energy input is carried out by receiving electromagnetic waves of the transmitting antenna without pre-installing a battery or a feeder line, and labor force for installing the sensor and the cost of a sensing system are reduced; meanwhile, data transmission is not needed through an extra feeder line, and the resonant frequency of the antenna is linearly shifted only through the change of the gap between the upper-layer component and the lower-layer component;
4) the chip can store simple information such as the ID, the position and the like of the patch antenna, the information can be captured by a reader, and then the quick positioning of the loosened bolt is realized, and the chip is suitable for accurately detecting the loosening condition of the local bolt.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bolt loosening monitoring system;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bolt loosening monitoring device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stationary guide ring;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the RFID tag.
1. RFID label, 2, RFID reader, 3, bolt, 4, fixed guide ring, 5, connecting rod, 6, upper substrate, 7, lower floor's base plate, 8, upper paster, 9, microstrip line, 10, chip, 11, ground plane.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a bolt looseness sensing system based on a double-layer substrate patch antenna, which comprises an RFID displacement sensor and an RFID reader 2, wherein the RFID displacement sensor is a bolt looseness sensing device, and can realize bolt length change measurement without an external wired power supply.
As shown in fig. 2-6, the bolt looseness sensing device includes an RFID tag 1 and an assembly unit, the RFID tag 1 includes an upper layer component and a lower layer component, the upper layer component includes an upper layer substrate 6 and an upper layer patch 8 and a chip 10 which are respectively arranged on the upper layer substrate 6 and are connected with each other through a microstrip line 9, the lower layer component includes a lower layer substrate 7 and a ground plane 11 arranged on the lower layer substrate 7, the upper layer patch 8, the upper layer substrate 6, the lower layer substrate 7 and the ground plane 11 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom to form a patch antenna, the upper layer component is fixedly arranged at the head of the bolt 3 through the assembly unit, the lower layer component can change along with the length of a screw of the bolt 3 through the assembly unit and axially moves along the bolt 3, and the chip 10 carries the code and the position information of the RFID tag 1.
The assembly unit comprises a fixed guide ring 4 and a connecting rod 5, the fixed guide ring 4 is fixedly arranged at the head of the bolt 3, an upper layer substrate 6 and a lower layer substrate 7 are respectively sleeved in the fixed guide ring 4, one end of the connecting rod 5 is fixedly connected with the tail of the bolt 3 screw, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower layer assembly and is used for converting the length change of the bolt 3 screw into the displacement change of the lower layer assembly.
The upper layer substrate 6 and the lower layer substrate 7 are circular substrates which are respectively provided with a plurality of notches along the circumference, the inner ring of the fixed guide ring 4 is provided with a plurality of bulges along the circumference, the notches and the bulges are matched with each other to play a role of guiding the movement of the lower layer assembly, in the embodiment, the notches and the bulges are respectively provided with three parts, the bolt 3 is an axial open hole bolt which is provided with a through hole along the axial direction, the connecting rod 5 is penetrated in the through hole, the upper layer patch 8, the microstrip line 9 and the ground plane 11 can be made of brass, the upper layer patch 8 is circular, the ground plane 11 is the same as the lower layer substrate 7 in shape and size, the upper layer substrate 6 and the lower layer substrate 7 can be made of FR4, the upper layer patch 8 is printed on the upper layer substrate 6, the ground plane 11 is printed on the lower layer substrate 7, the height of the fixed guide ring 4 is greater than the sum of the heights of the upper layer assembly and the lower layer assembly of the double layer substrate patch antenna, the upper surface of upper assembly and the upper surface parallel and level of fixed guide ring 4, the base plate material also can be changed according to actual demand, the size of upper assembly and lower floor's subassembly, the bolt that can optimize according to different specifications such as the shape of upper paster 8 and connecting rod 5 length to reach best precision and test range.
The principle that the device is used for detecting the operating condition of bolt 3 does: bolt 3 atress can arouse the change of screw rod length, this length change can turn into the gap change between double-deck base plate patch antenna's upper base plate 6 and lower floor's base plate 7 through connecting rod 5, when the gap grow between upper base plate 6 and lower floor's base plate 7, the effective dielectric constant of whole double-deck base plate patch antenna changes, and then lead to patch antenna resonant frequency to change, arouse patch antenna resonant frequency drift, can confirm the operating condition of bolt according to the drift value, judge whether it is not hard up.
The RFID reader 2 transmits modulated electromagnetic wave signals to the RFID tag 1 at different frequencies, when the power of signals received by the RFID tag 1 reaches a threshold value, the chip 10 in the RFID tag 1 can be activated, the minimum transmitting power of the RFID reader 2 required by the chip 10 to be activated is related to the frequency of the signals transmitted by the RFID reader 2, and when the RFID reader 2 takes the resonant frequency of a partially overlapped fan-ring patch antenna in the RFID tag 1 as a transmitting signal, the minimum transmitting power required by the chip 10 to be activated is minimum.
Therefore, the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag 1 can be determined by finding the transmitting frequency which enables the minimum transmitting power to reach the minimum value, the chip 10 carries the code and the position information of the RFID tag 1, after the chip 10 in the RFID tag 1 is activated, the patch antenna generates current and emits an electromagnetic wave signal with the number and the position information of the RFID tag, and after the signal and the determined resonant frequency of the patch antenna are received and processed by the RFID reader 2, the position and the state information of the bolt 3 can be obtained.
The RFID reader 2 is used for emitting modulated electromagnetic wave signals to the RFID tags, the codes of the RFID tags 1 can be identified, when the RFID reader 2 is arranged in the scanning range of the RFID tags 1, the RFID reader 2 can mark the bolt state of each measuring point according to the codes of the RFID tags 1, and quickly position loosened bolts 3.
The invention also provides a bolt looseness detection method using the bolt looseness sensing system based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the RFID reader 2 transmits modulated electromagnetic wave signals to the RFID tag 1 corresponding to any bolt 3 at different frequencies;
s2: when the minimum transmitting power of the activation chip 10 reaches the minimum value, the transmitting frequency of the RFID reader 2 is found and is used as the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag 1;
s3: judging whether the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag 1 has resonant frequency drift or not, if so, loosening the bolt 3 corresponding to the RFID tag 1;
s4: after the chip 10 is activated by the RFID reader 2, the electromagnetic wave signal sent by the patch antenna in the RFID tag 1 is read, the position information of the bolt 3 is obtained, and the position where the bolt is loosened is located.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
1. bolt 3 atress can arouse the change of screw rod length, and this length change can be turned into the gap change between the upper and lower floor's of double-deck base plate patch antenna through connecting rod 5, and then whole double-deck base plate patch antenna's effective dielectric constant changes, arouses antenna resonant frequency's change, makes antenna resonant frequency take place linear drift.
2. The RFID reader 2 transmits modulated electromagnetic wave signals to the RFID tag 1 at different frequencies, when the power of signals received by the RFID tag 1 reaches a threshold value, the chip 10 in the RFID tag 1 can be activated, the minimum transmission frequency required by activation is related to the frequency of the signals transmitted by the reader, and when the RFID reader 2 uses the resonant frequency of a partially overlapped fan-ring patch antenna in the RFID tag 1 as a transmission signal, the minimum transmission power required by activation of the chip 10 is minimum. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag 1 is determined by searching for the transmission frequency at which the minimum transmission power reaches the minimum value, and the change in the height of the gap between the upper layer component and the lower layer component is calculated by obtaining the change in the resonant frequency of the patch antenna, so as to determine the stress state of the bolt 3, thereby calculating the connection state of the bolt 3 and obtaining complete information on the working state of the bolt.
3. After the chip 10 in the RFID tag 1 is activated, the antenna in the RFID tag 1 generates current and emits an electromagnetic wave signal with the number and position information of the RFID tag 1, and the signal is received and processed by the RFID reader 2 to obtain the position and working state information of the bolt.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a bolt looseness sensing device based on double-deck base plate paster antenna for detect bolt (3) operating condition, its characterized in that, including RFID label (1) and assembly cell, RFID label (1) include upper subassembly and lower floor's subassembly, upper subassembly include upper strata base plate (6) and set up respectively on upper base plate (6), and upper paster (8) and chip (10) through microstrip line (9) interconnect, lower floor's subassembly include lower floor's base plate (7) and set up in the horizon (11) on lower floor's base plate (7), upper paster (8), upper base plate (6), lower floor's base plate (7) and horizon (11) from top to bottom set gradually, form paster antenna, upper subassembly pass through the fixed head that sets up in bolt (3) of assembly cell, lower floor's subassembly can be along with the change of bolt (3) screw rod length through the assembly cell, the chip (10) carries the code and the position information of the RFID tag (1) along the axial direction of the bolt (3);
when detecting whether bolt (3) take place not hard up, through the resonant frequency who detects the device patch antenna, judge whether lower floor's subassembly has taken place the displacement along bolt (3) axial along the change of bolt (3) screw rod length, realize the detection to bolt (3) operating condition.
2. The bolt looseness sensing device based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna is characterized in that the assembling unit comprises a fixed guide ring (4) and a connecting rod (5), the fixed guide ring (4) is fixedly arranged at the head of the bolt (3), the upper-layer substrate (6) and the lower-layer substrate (7) are respectively sleeved in the fixed guide ring (4), one end of the connecting rod (5) is fixedly connected with the tail of a screw rod of the bolt (3), and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the lower-layer assembly and used for converting the length change of the screw rod of the bolt (3) into the displacement change of the lower-layer assembly.
3. The bolt looseness sensing device based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna is characterized in that the upper substrate (6) and the lower substrate (7) are circular substrates, a plurality of notches are formed in the circular substrates along the circumference of the circular substrates respectively, a plurality of protrusions are arranged on the inner ring of the fixed guide ring (4) along the circumference of the circular substrates, and the notches and the protrusions are matched with each other to guide the movement of a lower-layer assembly.
4. The bolt looseness sensing device based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bolt (3) is an axially-perforated bolt, a through hole is axially formed in the bolt, and the connecting rod (5) penetrates through the through hole.
5. The bolt looseness sensing device based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna is characterized in that the material of the upper-layer patch (8), the material of the microstrip line (9) and the material of the ground plane (11) are brass, and the material of the upper-layer substrate (6) and the material of the lower-layer substrate (7) are FR 4.
6. The bolt looseness sensing device based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer patch (8) is printed on the upper layer substrate (6), and the ground plane (11) is printed on the lower layer substrate (7).
7. A bolt looseness sensing system based on a double-layer substrate patch antenna is characterized by comprising an RFID displacement sensor and an RFID reader (2), wherein the RFID displacement sensor is the bolt looseness sensing device according to any one of claims 1-6, and the RFID reader (2) is matched with a chip (10) to activate the chip (10), detect the resonant frequency of the patch antenna and read the position information of a bolt (3).
8. The bolt looseness sensing system based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna is characterized in that the RFID reader (2) finds out the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag (1) by finding out the transmitting frequency when the minimum transmitting power of the activation chip (10) reaches the minimum value.
9. The bolt looseness sensing system based on the double-layer substrate patch antenna is characterized in that after the RFID reader (2) activates the chip (10), the patch antenna in the RFID tag (1) generates current and emits an electromagnetic wave signal with the code and the position information of the RFID tag (1), the RFID reader (2) receives the electromagnetic wave signal, and the position information and the working state information of the bolt (3) are obtained through data processing by combining the detected resonant frequency of the patch antenna.
10. A bolt looseness detection method using the double-layer substrate patch antenna based bolt looseness sensing system according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: the RFID reader (2) transmits modulated electromagnetic wave signals to the RFID tag (1) corresponding to any bolt (3) at different frequencies;
s2: when the minimum transmitting power of the activation chip (10) is found to reach the minimum value, the transmitting frequency of the RFID reader (2) is used as the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag (1);
s3: judging whether the resonant frequency of the patch antenna in the RFID tag (1) has resonant frequency drift or not, if so, loosening the bolt (3) corresponding to the RFID tag (1);
s4: after the RFID reader (2) activates the chip (10), the electromagnetic wave signals sent by the patch antenna in the RFID tag (1) are read, the position information of the bolt (3) is obtained, and the position of the bolt which is loosened is positioned.
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| CN115325929A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-11 | 山东大学 | Device and method for detecting fastener loosening based on magnetic field change and robot |
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