CN113124784B - Primary flue-cured tobacco part judgment method based on laser scanning confocal technology - Google Patents
Primary flue-cured tobacco part judgment method based on laser scanning confocal technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN113124784B CN113124784B CN202110286013.XA CN202110286013A CN113124784B CN 113124784 B CN113124784 B CN 113124784B CN 202110286013 A CN202110286013 A CN 202110286013A CN 113124784 B CN113124784 B CN 113124784B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
- G01B11/0608—Height gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
Abstract
The invention relates to a primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on a laser scanning confocal technology, belonging to the technical field of tobacco leaf grading and comprising the following steps of: 1) establishing a rough characteristic index and a determination model of a primary flue-cured tobacco part; 2) detecting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku of the micro-topography of the surface of the primary flue-cured tobacco to be judged, taking the ratio Sa/Sku of the average height and the kurtosis as a roughness characteristic index, substituting the roughness characteristic index Sa/Sku into the step 1), and determining the position of the tobacco; according to the invention, the leaf surface characteristics of the tobacco leaves are directly measured through the laser scanning confocal microscope, the detection and calculation complexity is reduced, the judgment of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tobacco leaves can be realized, and the method has a better prospect in the intelligent sorting application of the tobacco leaf parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf grading, and particularly relates to a primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on a laser scanning confocal technology.
Background
According to the national flue-cured tobacco standard, the parts are divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, and in industrial use, the chemical component contents of tobacco leaves at different parts are different, so that the internal quality of different parts is different, and the use values of the tobacco in cigarette formulas are different. The tobacco leaf part is the first grouping factor of the flue-cured tobacco grading standard, and the grading part is the premise of grading.
In the current national standard of flue-cured tobacco in China, qualitative description is adopted for a method for judging flue-cured tobacco parts, and quantitative description of part characteristics is lacked. When operating, technicians judge the parts of the tobacco leaves according to sense organs and experience, and due to individual sense organ differences and standard understanding deviation of the technicians, problems and contradictions often occur in the processes of tobacco leaf purchasing, industrial and commercial handover and industrial sorting. Therefore, the tobacco leaf parts are accurately distinguished by screening quantitative indexes, and the method has an important effect on tobacco leaf quality evaluation and industrial use.
Chinese patent application No. 201710855503.0 discloses a method for distinguishing the middle leaf and the upper leaf of flue-cured tobacco. The method is to establish a distinguishing model of the difference value of the whiteness indexes of the front and the back of the tobacco leaves and the middle leaves and the upper leaves, and then divide the tobacco leaves into the upper parts or the middle parts according to the value calculated by the model. However, this method has a disadvantage of insufficient coverage of the part, and does not solve the problem of distinguishing the lower part from the middle part and the lower part from the upper part.
Chinese patent application No. 201710623363.4 discloses a tobacco leaf part determination method and apparatus. The method needs to balance the moisture of the tobacco leaves and dry the tobacco leaves in an oven before measurement, is not suitable for intelligent and rapid judgment of tobacco leaf positions, and cannot improve the sorting efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides a primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on a laser scanning confocal technology, which directly measures the leaf surface characteristics of tobacco leaves through a laser scanning confocal microscope, does not need to process samples before detection, can reduce the complexity of detection and calculation, can realize the judgment of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tobacco leaves, has high accuracy, can realize the quick judgment of the tobacco leaf parts, and has better prospect in the intelligent sorting application of the tobacco leaf parts.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on the laser scanning confocal technology comprises the following steps of:
(1) establishing a rough characteristic index and a determination model of a primary flue-cured tobacco part;
(2) and (3) detecting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku of the micro-topography of the primary flue-cured tobacco leaf surface to be judged, converting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku into rough characteristic indexes Sa/Sku, substituting the rough characteristic indexes Sa/Sku into the step (1), and determining the primary flue-cured tobacco part.
Further, in step (1), the determination model is:
y4.84 roughness characterization index-3.71 (roughness characterization index <1.35) (1)
Y ═ 1.33 roughness characteristic index +1.24(1.35< roughness characteristic index <2.85) (2)
Y ═ 1.25 × roughness characteristic index +1.91 (roughness characteristic index >2.85) (3)
In the step (2), the rough characteristic index Sa/Sku of the initially cured tobacco to be determined is substituted into the formulas (1) to (3) to obtain a Y value, and the part of the tobacco sample is determined according to the Y value.
Furthermore, a standard for distinguishing the parts of the initially cured tobacco is established, wherein Y <2.5 is a lower leaf, Y <2.5 <5.5 is a middle leaf, and Y >5.5 is an upper leaf.
Further, establishing a small part standard for distinguishing the parts of the initially cured tobacco, wherein Y is less than 1.5 and is lower second shed leaves, and Y is less than 1.5 and is less than 2.5 and is lower second shed leaves; 2.5< Y <3.5 is the inferior midleaf, 3.5< Y <4.5 is the lumbar leaf, 4.5< Y <5.5 is the superior midleaf; 5.5< Y <6.5 is the second superior greenhouse leaf, and Y >6.5 is the apical leaf.
Further, in the step (2), when the tobacco leaves to be judged are detected, measuring points are selected at the flat middle part of the front surface of the tobacco leaves, and the number of the measuring points is at least 3.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on a laser scanning confocal technology, a sample does not need to be processed before detection, and the complexity of detection and calculation can be reduced. The method has the advantages that the characteristics of the leaf surfaces of the tobacco leaves are directly extracted through the laser scanning confocal microscope, the judgment of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the tobacco leaves can be realized, seven small parts of the lower second shed leaf, the lower second shed lower leaf, the middle second shed lower leaf, the waist leaf, the middle upper shed leaf, the upper second shed leaf and the top leaf can be judged, the misjudgment of the primary flue-cured tobacco part due to experience and sensory difference of graders can be reduced, and the method has a good application prospect in the intelligent tobacco leaf part sorting technology.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
Example 1
Collecting a sample: the sampling production places comprise Yunnan Dali, Yunnan Chuxiong, Yunnan Yuxi, Yunnan Qujing and Yunnan Shoutong, the sampling parts are the lower part, the middle part and the upper part, each part is 5 kg, and the variety is the flue-cured tobacco variety mainly planted in the field.
Sample preparation: an evaluation group consisting of tobacco leaf grading experts selects the samples for multiple times through a sensory analysis technology, and finally determines the accurate parts of the collected samples so as to improve the accuracy of the results. And randomly extracting 20 tobacco leaves from each part of each production place, and numbering.
Randomly selecting 3 measuring points at the relatively flat middle part of the front surface of the tobacco leaf, measuring the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku of a sample by using a laser scanning confocal microscope, converting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku into a rough characteristic index Sa/Sku, and taking the average value as the rough characteristic index of the tobacco leaf to be judged.
And substituting the rough characteristic index into the judgment model, and calculating a Y value, wherein the part corresponding to the Y value is the part of the tobacco leaf sample.
If Y <2.5 is lower tobacco, 2.5< Y <5.5 is middle leaf, and Y >5.5 is upper leaf. The specific determination results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 verification results of each tobacco sample site
The verification result shows that 87% of tobacco parts in 5 production areas can be accurately distinguished, the detection accuracy of lower tobacco reaches 91%, the detection accuracy of middle tobacco reaches 82%, and the detection accuracy of upper tobacco reaches 88%.
Example 2
Collecting a primary flue-cured tobacco sample: the collection producing area is Yunnan Yuxi, the sampled small parts comprise lower second greenhouse leaves, middle second greenhouse leaves, waist leaves, middle upper leaves, upper second greenhouse leaves and top leaves, 2 kilograms of each small part, and the variety is a local main cultivation flue-cured tobacco variety.
Sample preparation: an evaluation group consisting of tobacco leaf grading experts screens the samples through a sensory analysis technology, and finally determines the small parts of the collected samples so as to improve the accuracy of the results. And randomly drawing 20 tobacco leaves from each small part, and numbering.
Randomly selecting 3 measuring points at the relatively flat middle part of the front surface of the tobacco leaf, measuring the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku of a sample by using a laser scanning confocal microscope, converting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku into a rough characteristic index Sa/Sku, and taking the average value as the rough characteristic index of the tobacco leaf to be judged.
And substituting the rough characteristic index into the judgment model, and calculating a Y value, wherein the part corresponding to the Y value is the small part of the tobacco leaf sample.
If Y is less than 1.5, the lower second shed leaves are off-set, and if Y is less than 1.5, Y is less than 2.5, the lower second shed leaves are off-set; 2.5< Y <3.5 is the inferior midleaf, 3.5< Y <4.5 is the lumbar leaf, 4.5< Y <5.5 is the superior midleaf; 5.5< Y <6.5 is the second superior greenhouse leaf, and Y >6.5 is the apical leaf. The specific determination results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 verification results of small parts of each tobacco leaf sample
The verification results show that 82.86% accurate distinction of seven small parts of the tobacco leaves can be realized.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. A primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on a laser scanning confocal technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on the laser scanning confocal technology comprises the following steps of:
(1) establishing a rough characteristic index and primary flue-cured tobacco part judgment model, wherein the judgment model comprises the following steps:
when roughness characteristic index <1.35, Y =4.84 roughness characteristic index-3.71 (1)
When 1.35< roughness characterization index <2.85, Y =1.33 roughness characterization index +1.24 (2)
When roughness characteristic index >2.85, Y = 1.25 roughness characteristic index +1.91 (3)
(2) Detecting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku of the micro-topography of the surface of the initially-cured tobacco to be judged, converting the average height Sa and the kurtosis Sku into a rough characteristic index Sa/Sku, substituting the rough characteristic index Sa/Sku of the initially-cured tobacco to be judged into formulas (1) to (3) in the step (1) to obtain a Y value, and judging the position of a tobacco sample according to the Y value;
wherein, the standard for distinguishing the parts of the initially cured tobacco is as follows: y <2.5 is the lower leaf, 2.5< Y <5.5 is the middle leaf, Y >5.5 is the upper leaf; establishing a small part standard for distinguishing the parts of the initially cured tobacco as follows: y <1.5 is the lower second canopy deflection leaf, Y <1.5 <2.5 is the lower second canopy leaf; 2.5< Y <3.5 is the inferior midleaf, 3.5< Y <4.5 is the lumbar leaf, 4.5< Y <5.5 is the superior midleaf; 5.5< Y <6.5 is the second superior greenhouse leaf, and Y >6.5 is the apical leaf.
2. The primary flue-cured tobacco part judging method based on the laser scanning confocal technology according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the tobacco leaves to be judged are detected, measuring points are selected at the middle flat part of the front surface of the tobacco leaves, and the number of the measuring points is at least 3.
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