CN113124765A - Large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on trapezoidal slider mechanism and pitch diameter characterization algorithm - Google Patents
Large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on trapezoidal slider mechanism and pitch diameter characterization algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN113124765A CN113124765A CN202110524791.8A CN202110524791A CN113124765A CN 113124765 A CN113124765 A CN 113124765A CN 202110524791 A CN202110524791 A CN 202110524791A CN 113124765 A CN113124765 A CN 113124765A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on a trapezoidal sliding block mechanism and a pitch diameter characterization algorithm, which mainly comprise the following components: 1-a wedge-shaped locking sleeve; 2-wedge shaped instrument housing; 3-a ball probe; 4-a first base rod; 5-a trapezoidal slider; 6-positioning blocks; 7-a gasket; 8-bolt; 9-a second base rod; 10-a first return spring; 11-a second return spring; 12-grating ruler measuring head; 13-a grating ruler; 14-inclinometer; 15-a data processing display system; 16-a push rod; and the initial distance between the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group, the radius of the ball measuring head, the moving distance of the push rod, the thread form angle of the internal thread to be measured, the inclination angle of the trapezoidal sliding block and the relational expression between the thread pitch and the pitch diameter of the measured thread are given, and a new method is provided for the characterization of the pitch diameter of the thread. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient operation, high measurement efficiency, wide application range, high precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thread pitch diameter measuring device and a pitch diameter characterization algorithm, in particular to a large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device and a pitch diameter characterization algorithm based on a trapezoidal slider mechanism.
Background
The pitch diameter of the internal thread is an important parameter for determining the interchangeability and the qualification of the thread, and the detection of the pitch diameter of the internal thread has important significance. For the detection of the pitch diameter of the large-size internal thread, the common method and device are as follows: the device for measuring the pitch diameter of the internal thread by a three-ball method, the device for measuring the pitch diameter of the internal thread by a dial indicator, the device for measuring the pitch diameter of the internal thread by a capacitive grating displacement sensor system, the American nutson internal thread pitch diameter measuring instrument, the combined measuring instrument measuring method and the like. The three-sphere method for measuring the pitch diameter of the internal thread has complex installation process and cannot measure a deeper measured object. For thicker internal threads, the magnetic beads may produce larger errors either because the distance is too thick. The device for measuring the pitch diameter of the internal thread by the dial indicator has the disadvantages that the precision is low, the device is only suitable for a short measured object, and for a deep measured object, an operator cannot see the dial indicator value and large human errors are caused. The capacitive grating displacement sensor system has the defects that no manual control device is provided, deep hole measurement cannot be carried out, and accurate measurement cannot be carried out on triangular internal threads with different pitches. U.S. nutson female pitch diameter gauges are expensive. The combined measuring tool measurement method is not suitable for in-situ measurement of the pitch diameter of the internal thread of the deep hole. In order to solve the above problems, patent ZL201911069975.9 proposes a portable large-diameter deep-hole internal thread pitch diameter on-site measuring instrument and a measuring method thereof, in which a steel ball measuring head in the pitch diameter measuring instrument cannot be replaced, and the distance between a first measuring head and a second measuring head cannot be adjusted, but threads of different specifications need to be matched with a steel ball with the optimal diameter to eliminate the influence of a tooth profile angle and a tooth width error, so that the pitch diameter measuring instrument in the patent can only effectively measure threads of one specification, and the tooth width of the measured threads is just smaller than or equal to the distance between the first measuring head and the second measuring head. Meanwhile, the diameter of the steel ball in the patent is fixed, so that the steel ball cannot be made to be large, the diameter of the steel ball connecting rod cannot be made to be large, the rigidity of the steel ball connecting rod cannot be guaranteed, and a push rod is prone to large deformation due to overlarge thrust in the measuring process, so that a large measuring error is caused. The measuring instrument in the patent is installed at the inner end of the measuring rod and the wedge block forms a high pair connection contact which is a rolling bearing, so that the cost of the device is increased, and meanwhile, the installation process of the rolling bearing in the measuring instrument is complex and is not easy to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on a trapezoidal sliding block mechanism; the invention also provides a thread pitch diameter characterization algorithm based on the device, and provides a method for pitch diameter calculation.
Aiming at the first object of the invention, the large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal sliding block mechanism mainly comprises: 1-a wedge-shaped locking sleeve; 2-wedge shaped instrument housing; 3-a ball probe; 4-a first base rod; 5-a trapezoidal slider; 6-positioning blocks; 7-a gasket; 8-bolt; 9-a second base rod; 10-a first return spring; 11-a second return spring; 12-grating ruler measuring head; 13-a grating ruler; 14-inclinometer; 15-a data processing display system; 16-a push rod;
one side of the wedge-shaped instrument shell is provided with a guide round hole, a small steel ball is arranged in the guide round hole to reduce the friction force between the base rod and the hole wall, the other side of the wedge-shaped instrument shell is provided with two positioning threaded holes, the positioning threaded holes are formed in the plane on the shell, the inner surface of the shell is provided with an open cylindrical groove, one end of the wedge-shaped instrument shell is provided with the guide round hole, and the small steel ball is arranged in the guide round hole to reduce the friction force between the push;
the first measuring head component is a movable measuring head component, the measuring length of the first measuring head component can be changed by pushing the trapezoidal sliding block, and the first measuring head component is contacted with a measured piece;
the second measuring head component is a static measuring head and comprises two replaceable ball measuring heads, two base rods for mounting the ball measuring heads, a positioning block and a return spring, wherein a small steel ball is fixed at one end of each base rod, a limiting protruding block is arranged on each positioning block, a small hole is formed in each protruding block, the return spring penetrates through a hole in each protruding block to be connected with the two measuring head base rods so as to realize linkage of the two measuring heads, an open cylindrical groove is formed in each positioning block so as to realize guiding of the inherent small steel ball base rod, and two positioning through holes are used for mounting positioning bolts;
the inclined plane of the trapezoid sliding block is provided with an open type cylindrical groove, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to the diameter of a small steel ball on a base rod in the first measuring head assembly, the length of a circular arc of the section of the cylindrical groove is smaller than or equal to one half of the length of the whole circular arc, and the bottom surface of the trapezoid sliding block is provided with fixed small steel balls which are uniformly distributed;
the main body part of the push rod is a solid cylinder, a groove is formed in the main body part of the push rod and used for mounting a grating ruler for measuring the moving length of the push rod, a measuring head of the grating ruler is fixed on the wedge-shaped instrument shell, and one end of the push rod is a hollow cylindrical cavity;
the first measuring head assembly is perpendicular to the wedge-shaped instrument shell through a guide circular hole in the wedge-shaped instrument shell, and is placed in an open cylindrical groove of the trapezoidal sliding block through a fixed steel ball at the lower end to realize guide motion, and the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to that of the steel ball;
the trapezoidal sliding block realizes guiding movement through a steel ball at the bottom and an open cylindrical groove on the inner surface of the wedge-shaped instrument shell, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to that of the steel ball, the length of a circular arc of the section of the cylindrical groove is greater than one half of the length of the whole circular arc so as to limit the movement of the trapezoidal sliding block in the radial direction of the steel ball, the trapezoidal sliding block is connected with a push rod through threads, and through the limitation, the trapezoidal sliding block only has the freedom degree in the axial direction of the cylindrical groove, namely can only move in the axial direction;
the second measuring head component is connected with the wedge-shaped instrument shell through a positioning bolt to realize fixation;
the data processing and displaying system comprises a data processing circuit board and a display screen, wherein the circuit board is used for processing and storing the intermediate diameter data, and the display screen is used for displaying the data;
the inclinometer is used for monitoring the inclination angle of the device;
for the second purpose of the present invention, the characterization algorithm of the pitch diameter is:
wherein the initial distance between the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group is M0The diameter of the ball probe is d1The moving distance of the push rod is s, and the pitch diameter of the measured thread is d2The thread form angle of the internal thread to be detected is alpha, the inclination angle of the trapezoidal sliding block is beta, and the thread pitch is P.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring device according to the present invention, wherein: 1-a wedge-shaped locking sleeve; 2-wedge shaped instrument housing; 3-a ball probe; 4-a first base rod; 5-a trapezoidal slider; 6-positioning blocks; 7-a gasket; 8-bolt; 9-a second base rod; 10-a first return spring; 11-a second return spring; 12-grating ruler measuring head; 13-a grating ruler; 14-inclinometer; 15-a data processing display system; 16-a push rod;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a trapezoidal slider, wherein (a) is a front view of the trapezoidal slider, (b) is a left view of the trapezoidal slider, (c) is a top view of the trapezoidal slider, (d) is an isometric view of the trapezoidal slider, and (e) is a wire frame view of the trapezoidal slider;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a wedge-shaped instrument housing, wherein (a) is a front view of the wedge-shaped instrument housing; (b) is a top view of the wedge instrument housing, (c) is a bottom view of the wedge instrument housing, (d) is an isometric view of the wedge instrument housing, (e) is a right side view of the wedge instrument housing; (f) is a wire frame diagram of a wedge instrument housing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a base rod, wherein (a) is a front view of the base rod; (b) is a wire frame diagram of the base rod, (c) is an axial side diagram of the base rod;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the positioning block, wherein (a) is an isometric view of the positioning block; (b) is a front view of the positioning block, (c) is a wire frame diagram of the positioning block;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a push rod, wherein (a) is a front view of the push rod; (b) is a shaft side view of the push rod, and (c) is a wire frame view of the push rod;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to better understand the present invention for those skilled in the art with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
The invention provides a large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on a trapezoidal sliding block mechanism, which mainly comprises the following components as shown in the attached figures 1-6: 1-a wedge-shaped locking sleeve; 2-wedge shaped instrument housing; 3-a ball probe; 4-a first base rod; 5-a trapezoidal slider; 6-positioning blocks; 7-a gasket; 8-bolt; 9-a second base rod; 10-a first return spring; 11-a second return spring; 12-grating ruler measuring head; 13-a grating ruler; 14-inclinometer; 15-a data processing display system; 16-a push rod; the first measuring head component comprises a replaceable ball measuring head and a base rod for mounting the ball measuring head, a steel ball is fixed at the lower end of the base rod, the ball measuring head is connected with the base rod through threads, the steel ball fixed on the base rod is placed in an open type cylindrical groove on a trapezoidal sliding block, the diameter of the steel ball is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical groove, and the arc length of the cross section of the open type cylindrical groove is less than or equal to one half of the length of the whole arc; the second measuring head component is fixed on the wedge-shaped instrument shell through a positioning bolt; the push rod is provided with a groove for mounting a grating ruler for measuring the moving length of the push rod, and a measuring head of the grating ruler is fixed on the wedge-shaped instrument shell; the first measuring head assembly is perpendicular to the wedge-shaped instrument shell through a guide circular hole in the wedge-shaped instrument shell, and is placed in an open type cylindrical groove of the trapezoidal sliding block through a fixed steel ball at the lower end to realize guide motion, and the length of a circular arc of the section of the cylindrical groove is less than or equal to one half of the length of the whole circular arc; the trapezoidal sliding block realizes guiding movement through a steel ball at the bottom and an open cylindrical groove on the inner surface of the wedge-shaped instrument shell, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to that of the steel ball, the length of a circular arc of the section of the cylindrical groove is greater than one half of the length of the whole circular arc so as to limit the movement of the trapezoidal sliding block in the radial direction of the steel ball, the trapezoidal sliding block is connected with a push rod through threads, and through the limitation, the trapezoidal sliding block only has the freedom degree in the axial direction of the cylindrical groove, namely can only move in the axial; the data processing and displaying system is arranged in the hollow cylindrical shell at one end of the push rod, the grating ruler measuring head and the display screen are connected to the circuit board, and the circuit board is solidified with a thread pitch diameter algorithm and can process the inclination angle of the recording device.
The part to be measured is a deep-hole internal thread part, the nominal diameter of the thread is 6mm, the thread pitch P is 6mm, the thread is a triangular thread, the tooth form alpha is 60 degrees, and the theoretical pitch diameter d of the thread is known by looking up a mechanical design manualTheory 2116.103mm, the angle of inclination beta of the trapezoidal slide is 30 deg. The actual internal thread pitch diameter of the piece to be measured is measured in the following manner:
(1) the instrument ball probe diameter is determined according to the following formula:
by calculation, the optimum diameter d is selected1 best modeA 0-grade steel ball with the diameter of 3.5 mm;
(2) mounting the steel ball selected in the step (1) on a base rod, and calibrating an initial distance M between a first measuring head group and a second measuring head group0＝89mm；
(3) Judging the actual positions of the pitch diameter measuring device and the axis of the measured thread according to the inclination angle, if the deviation is less than 10 degrees, pushing the push rod to enable the ball measuring heads of the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group to be in contact with the measured thread, at the moment, pushing the wedge-shaped locking sleeve to enable the push rod to be static, rotating the pitch diameter measuring device along the direction of the thread groove to screw in or screw out for 2-3 circles, and recording the moving distance s of the push rod as 50.320 mm;
(4) according to the pitch diameter calibration algorithm, the following formula is shown:
the pitch diameter d of the thread can be obtained2116.098mm, error 5um, the data is calculated by the algorithm solidified on the circuit board and displayed directly on the display screen.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a jumbo size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on trapezoidal slider mechanism which characterized in that: comprises a wedge-shaped locking sleeve 1; 2-wedge shaped instrument housing; 3-a ball probe; 4-a first base rod; 5-a trapezoidal slider; 6-positioning blocks; 7-a gasket; 8-bolt; 9-a second base rod; 10-a first return spring; 11-a second return spring; 12-grating ruler measuring head; 13-a grating ruler; 14-inclinometer; 15-a data processing display system; 16-push rod.
2. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: there is the direction round hole wedge instrument casing one side, and downthehole little steel ball of installing is in order to reduce the frictional force of base pole and pore wall, and the opposite side has two location screw holes, and the location screw is opened in the plane on the casing, and the casing internal surface opens and has open cylinder groove, and wedge instrument casing one end has the direction round hole, and downthehole little steel ball of placing is in order to reduce the frictional force of push rod and pore wall.
3. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first measuring head component is a movable measuring head component, the measuring length of the first measuring head component can be changed by pushing the trapezoidal sliding block, and the first measuring head component is in contact with a measured piece.
4. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second measuring head component is a static measuring head and comprises two replaceable ball measuring heads, two base rods for mounting the ball measuring heads, a positioning block and a reset spring, wherein a small steel ball is fixed at one end of each base rod, a limiting protruding block is arranged on each positioning block, a small hole is formed in each protruding block, the reset spring penetrates through a hole in each protruding block to be connected with the two measuring head base rods so as to realize linkage of the two measuring heads, an open cylindrical groove is formed in each positioning block so as to realize guide of the inherent small steel ball base rod, and the two positioning through holes are used for mounting a positioning bolt.
5. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inclined plane of the trapezoid sliding block is provided with an open type cylindrical groove, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to the diameter of a small steel ball on a base rod in the first measuring head assembly, the length of a circular arc of the section of the cylindrical groove is smaller than or equal to one half of the length of the whole circular arc, and the bottom surface of the trapezoid sliding block is provided with the small steel balls which are fixed and evenly distributed.
6. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the groove is formed in the push rod and used for installing the grating ruler and measuring the moving length of the push rod, the measuring head of the grating ruler is fixed on the wedge-shaped instrument shell, and one end of the push rod is a hollow cylindrical cavity.
7. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first measuring head assembly is perpendicular to the wedge-shaped instrument shell through a guide circular hole in the wedge-shaped instrument shell, and is placed in an open cylindrical groove of the trapezoidal sliding block through a fixed steel ball at the lower end to achieve guide motion, and the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to that of the steel ball.
8. The large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on the trapezoidal slider mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the trapezoidal sliding block realizes guiding movement through the steel ball at the bottom and the open type cylindrical groove on the inner surface of the wedge-shaped instrument shell, the diameter of the cylindrical groove is equal to that of the steel ball, the length of the circular arc of the section of the cylindrical groove is larger than one half of the length of the whole circular arc so as to limit the movement of the trapezoidal sliding block in the radial direction of the steel ball, the trapezoidal sliding block is connected with the push rod through threads, and through the limitation, the trapezoidal sliding block only has the freedom degree in the axial direction of the cylindrical groove, namely can only move in the axial.
9. The pitch diameter measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pitch diameter characterization algorithm is as follows:
wherein the initial value of the distance between the first measuring head group and the second measuring head group is M0The diameter of the ball probe is d1The moving distance of the push rod is s, and the pitch diameter of the measured thread is d2The thread form angle of the internal thread to be detected is alpha, the inclination angle of the trapezoidal sliding block is beta, and the thread pitch is P.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110524791.8A CN113124765A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on trapezoidal slider mechanism and pitch diameter characterization algorithm |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110524791.8A CN113124765A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on trapezoidal slider mechanism and pitch diameter characterization algorithm |
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| CN113124765A true CN113124765A (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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| CN202110524791.8A Pending CN113124765A (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Large-size internal thread pitch diameter measuring device based on trapezoidal slider mechanism and pitch diameter characterization algorithm |
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