CN113123386A

CN113123386A - Quick-change connector for excavator accessories

Info

Publication number: CN113123386A
Application number: CN202110450181.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡建安
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-25
Filing date: 2021-04-25
Publication date: 2021-07-16

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-change connector for an excavator accessory, which comprises a connector main body, wherein the upper end of the connector main body is hinged with an excavator arm of an excavator through an excavator arm pin, the upper end of the connector main body is hinged with a connecting rod mechanism through a connecting rod pin, and an excavator bucket oil cylinder of the excavator drives the connector main body to rotate by taking the excavator arm pin as a shaft core through the connecting rod mechanism; the bottom of the joint main body is provided with a locking hook mechanism comprising a fixed locking hook, a sliding locking hook and a clamping pin; the sliding lock hook is assembled in a sliding manner along the left and right directions; the hook parts of the fixed lock hook and the sliding lock hook pass through and are locked between two accessory pins of the bucket; the bayonet pin penetrates through the joint main body from front to back and is used for limiting and fixing the sliding lock hook of the locked accessory pin. Through the locking of slip latch hook and the spacing fixed of bayonet lock, easy operation is light swift, and the locking dynamics is big, effectively reduces the bucket and rocks the probability, and then effectively reduces the wearing and tearing between each part, improves the stability in use.

Description

Quick-change connector for excavator accessories

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of accessories of excavators, in particular to a quick-change connector for an excavator accessory.

Background

In order to meet the requirements of complex and variable construction environments and operation, the excavator is matched with various accessories, which is a necessary function. The quick-change connector of the existing excavator accessories mainly comprises: oil pressure control type and screw tightness control type. The quick-change connector has the disadvantages of complex structure, large volume and low reliability. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

oil pressure control type: the quick replacement process is controlled by a hydraulic system, and a quick replacement oil cylinder and a corresponding pipeline of the hydraulic control system are installed on a connecting mechanism between the operating machine and the host. The whole process of replacing the working machine is realized by the operation of sitting in the cab without leaving the cab, so that the operation is easy, quick and convenient; but the structure is complex, the cost is high, the pipeline is easy to damage in the work, the work cannot be carried out, and the reliability is low.

Screw tightness control type: 1. when the accessory is replaced in the using process, the screw rod needs to be manually rotated to be loose and tight, the labor and the time are wasted, and the work is complicated and the efficiency is low. 2. The excavator works under the adverse circumstances at the stone of digging earth, and this kind of environment causes the screw rod easily to rust and sand and soil to pollute, causes the screw rod locking, causes very hard even locking can't pull open when the dismouting. 3. In the use process, the locking force of the accessory needs to be locked is insufficient, so that the wearing service life of the accessory pin and the quick-change connector is short, and the accessory shakes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a quick-change connector for an excavator accessory, which aims to solve the problems of complex structure, troublesome replacement operation and low reliability of the conventional quick-change connector.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the excavator accessory quick-change connector comprises a connector main body, wherein the upper end of the connector main body is hinged with an excavator arm of an excavator through an excavator arm pin, the upper end of the connector main body is hinged with a connecting rod mechanism through a connecting rod pin, and an excavator bucket oil cylinder of the excavator drives the connector main body to rotate by taking the excavator arm pin as a shaft core through the connecting rod mechanism; the bottom of the joint main body is provided with a latch hook mechanism; the locking hook mechanism comprises a fixed locking hook, a sliding locking hook and a clamping pin; a sliding groove is arranged in the joint main body, and the sliding lock hook is arranged on the sliding groove in a sliding manner along the left and right directions; the fixed lock hook is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the joint main body, the opening directions of the hook parts of the fixed lock hook and the sliding lock hook are opposite, the hook parts of the fixed lock hook and the sliding lock hook penetrate through the two accessory pins assembled at the top of the bucket, and the fixed lock hook slides in the direction away from the fixed lock hook through the sliding lock hook to lock the two accessory pins; the joint body is provided with a clamping window, the clamping pin penetrates through the clamping window from front to back, and the clamping pin is used for limiting and fixing the sliding lock hook of the locked accessory pin.

In a further improvement, the bayonet lock is in a wedge-shaped structure, and the side wall of the bayonet lock, which is abutted against the bayonet lock and/or the sliding lock hook, is provided with a slope structure of the wedge-shaped structure.

In a further improvement, the plane where the bayonet lock is abutted with the bayonet window and/or the sliding lock hook is provided with anti-slip insections.

In a further improvement, the sliding lock hook is provided with a locking top block and an elastic body, the elastic body is arranged between the locking top block and the sliding lock hook, and the locking top block is abutted with the bayonet lock.

In a further improvement, the sliding lock hook is provided with a mounting hole extending along the left-right direction, the elastic body is assembled in the mounting hole, and one end of the locking top block extends into the mounting hole.

In a further improvement, the latch hook mechanism further includes a fixed ejector block fixedly mounted on the excavating arm, and when the excavating bucket cylinder pushes the fixed shaft of the joint body to rotate to a set angle range, the fixed ejector block pushes the sliding latch hook to move in a direction away from the fixed latch hook.

In a further improvement, the latch hook mechanism further comprises a push block, the outer end of the push block is abutted against the fixed ejector block, and the fixed ejector block pushes the sliding latch hook through the inner end of the push block.

In a further improvement, the pushing block is fixedly provided with a magnet, and the pushing block is attracted to the digging arm through the magnet. Furthermore, the outer end of the push block and the fixed ejector block are of a split mechanism; or the outer end of the push block is hinged and assembled on the fixed ejector block.

In a further improvement, the link mechanism comprises a joint link and an arm link, the outer end of the joint link is hinged with the joint body, the outer end of the arm link is hinged with the arm, and the arm pin is positioned between a hinged shaft at the outer end of the joint link and a hinged shaft at the outer end of the arm link; the inner end of the joint connecting rod, the inner end of the digging arm connecting rod and the bucket oil cylinder are hinged into a whole through a connecting rod pin.

From the above description of the structure of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: through the arrangement of the lock hook mechanism, the bolt does not need to be screwed in the use process of the quick-change connector, and the locking of the sliding lock hook and the limiting and fixing of the clamping pin are realized, so that the operation is simple and the use is convenient; the sliding lock hook can be locked and released to realize pushing power through the rotation process of the bucket, the whole process is less in manual intervention, the operation is simple, light and rapid, the locking force of the lock hook mechanism is large, the shaking probability of the bucket can be effectively reduced, the abrasion among all parts is effectively reduced, and the use stability is improved; in addition, through the configuration of elastomer, make the locking process of slip latch hook have buffering surplus, effectively prevent that the bucket from rotating the dynamics too big, the each part extrusion deformation condition that the turned angle is too big and lead to takes place, and compress tightly the setting through the developments of elastomer to the slip latch hook of locking state, make latch hook mechanism can be dynamic and firmly embrace the locking with the accessory round pin, can further reduce the probability of rocking in the bucket work and effectively reduce wearing and tearing, effectively improve bucket job stabilization nature, also improve the life of quick change coupler and accessory round pin, reduce the maintenance, the use cost such as maintenance, change, it is more convenient to use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a locked state of a quick-change connector according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a quick-change coupler according to an embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an unlocked state of the quick-change coupler according to an embodiment.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the quick change coupler for the excavator accessory comprises a coupler body 1, wherein the upper end of the coupler body 1 is hinged with an excavator arm 2 of the excavator through an excavator arm pin 21, the upper end of the coupler body 1 is hinged with a link mechanism 3 through a link pin, the link mechanism 3 comprises a coupler link 31 and an excavator arm link 32, the outer end of the coupler link 31 is hinged with the coupler body 1, the outer end of the excavator arm link 32 is hinged with the excavator arm 2, and the excavator arm pin 21 is positioned between a hinge shaft at the outer end of the coupler link 31 and a hinge shaft at the outer end of the excavator arm link 32; the inner end of the joint link 31, the inner end of the arm link 32 and the outer end of the power take-off rod of the bucket cylinder 22 are hinged as a whole by link pins. The bucket cylinder 22 of the excavator drives the joint main body 1 to rotate about the arm pin 21 by the link mechanism 3.

With continuing reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the bottom of the joint body 1 is provided with a latch hook mechanism 4; the latch hook mechanism 4 includes a fixed latch hook 41, a sliding latch hook 42, and a latch 43; a sliding groove 10 is arranged in the joint main body 1, and the sliding lock hook 42 is arranged on the sliding groove 10 in a sliding manner along the left-right direction; the sliding groove 10 and the sliding lock hook 42 are preferably connected in a seamless mode, the sliding lock hook 42 is enabled to effectively reduce the shaking probability in the using process through the configuration of a small gap, abrasion among all parts is further effectively reduced, and the using stability is improved.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 2, and 3, the sliding latch hook 42 is provided with a locking top 421 and an elastic body 422, the elastic body 422 is provided between the locking top 421 and the sliding latch hook 42, and the locking top 421 abuts against the latch 43. The sliding locking hook is provided with a mounting hole 420 extending along the left-right direction, the elastic body 422 is assembled in the mounting hole 420, and the elastic body 422 is preferably a compression spring with proper elastic coefficient; one end of the locking top block 421 extends into the mounting hole 420. The fixed latch hook 41 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the joint body 1, the opening directions of the hook portions of the fixed latch hook 41 and the sliding latch hook 42 are opposite, the hook portions of the fixed latch hook 41 and the sliding latch hook 42 pass through two accessory pins 51 (including a first accessory pin 511 and a second accessory pin 512) assembled at the top of the bucket 5, and slide to lock the two accessory pins 51 by deviating from the direction of the fixed latch hook 41 through the sliding latch hook 42. As shown in fig. 1, an inner hook wall of a hook portion (connected to the accessory pin 51) of the sliding lock hook 42 has an inclined structure from outside to inside, so that in the sliding locking process of the sliding lock hook 42, the inner hook wall also has a clamping function on the accessory pin 51 in the up-down direction, so that the sliding lock hook 42 can firmly lock the accessory pin 51, thereby effectively reducing the shaking probability of the bucket in operation, effectively reducing the abrasion among components, and improving the use stability. Through the configuration of elastomer 422, make the locking process of slip latch hook 42 have the buffering surplus, effectively prevent that 5 rotation dynamics of bucket are too big, the too big each part extrusion deformation condition that leads to of turned angle takes place, and compress tightly the setting through elastomer 422 to the developments of the slip latch hook 42 of locking state, make latch hook mechanism 4 can be dynamic and firmly embrace accessory round pin 51 locking, can further reduce the rocking probability and the effective reducing wear of 5 during operations of bucket, effectively improve 5 job stabilization nature of bucket, also improve quick change coupler and accessory round pin 51's life.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the latch hook mechanism 4 further includes a fixed top 44, the fixed top 44 is fixedly mounted on the excavator arm 2, and when the bucket cylinder 22 pushes the joint body 1 to rotate to a predetermined angle range, the fixed top 44 pushes the sliding latch hook 42 to move in a direction away from the fixed latch hook 41. Further, the latch hook mechanism 4 further includes a pushing block 45, an outer end of the pushing block 45 abuts against the fixed ejector 44, and the fixed ejector 44 pushes the sliding latch hook 42 through an inner end of the pushing block 45. The push block 45 is fixedly provided with a powerful magnet 451, and the push block 45 is attached to the bottom surface of the digging arm 2 through the magnet 451, so that the times of manual taking and moving of the push block 45 are effectively reduced in the using process, the loss probability of the push block 45 can be reduced, the searching workload is reduced, and the use is more convenient. Furthermore, the outer end of the push block 45 and the fixed ejector block 44 are a split mechanism; alternatively, the outer end of the push block 45 is hinge-mounted to the fixed top block 44.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 2, and 3, the joint body 1 is provided with a locking window 11, the locking pin 43 is assembled on the locking window 11 in a front-back direction, and the locking pin 43 is used for limiting and fixing the sliding locking hook 42 of the locked accessory pin 51. The latch 43 has a wedge-shaped structure, and the side wall of the latch 43 abutting against the latch window 11 and/or the sliding latch hook 42 has a slope structure of the wedge-shaped structure. And preferably, the plane where the latch 43 abuts against the latch window 11 and/or the sliding latch hook 42 is provided with anti-slip insections.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 2, and 3, the accessory mounting method of the accessory quick-change coupler according to the present embodiment includes: firstly, the operating device causes the bucket cylinder 22 to pull up the quick-change connector, so that the quick-change connector rotates upwards, and then the excavator arm 2 is operated to drive the fixed lock hook 41 of the quick-change connector to hook the first accessory pin 511 corresponding to the bucket 5, and at the moment, the sliding lock hook 42 automatically slides to be close to the fixed lock hook 41 under the gravity; secondly, the bucket cylinder 22 pushes the quick-change coupler to rotate downwards, the sliding lock hook 42 penetrates through a gap between two accessory pins 51 of the bucket 5, along with the continuous rotation of the quick-change coupler, the fixed ejector block 44 on the bucket arm 2 abuts against and limits the sliding lock hook 42 (when the ejector block 45 is configured), the sliding lock hook 42 is pushed reversely to slide away from the fixed lock hook 41 until the lock hook mechanism 4 locks the second accessory pin 512 to stop the rotation of the quick-change coupler, finally, the sliding lock hook 42 is limited and fixed by inserting the clamping pin 43 into the clamping window 11, the bucket cylinder 22 pulls the quick-change coupler to rotate upwards, the fixed ejector block 44 does not have an urging force on the sliding lock hook 42, and the clamping pin 43 is pressed by the sliding lock hook 42 in a reverse direction (when the elastic body 422 is configured), so that the clamping pin 43 is prevented from falling off in the use process of the bucket 5.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 2, and 3, the accessory unlocking method of the accessory quick-change coupler according to the present embodiment includes: the bucket cylinder 22 pushes the quick-change connector to rotate downwards until a fixed jacking block 44 presses against the sliding lock hook 42, then the sliding lock hook 42 slides to release the pressing state of the lock pin 43, the lock pin 43 is taken down, the quick-change connector is rotated upwards, and in the process, the sliding lock hook 42 gradually approaches the fixed lock hook 41 under the action of gravity; further rotation of the quick-change coupler causes the sliding shackle 42 to move away from the second accessory pin 512 as the quick-change coupler moves upward; by further rotating the quick-change coupler, the locking hook 41 can be disengaged from the first attachment pin 511; thereby completing the operation of disengaging the quick coupling from the bucket 5.

In addition, after the bucket 5 is installed, the configured pushing block 45 can rotate or move away, so that the situation that the fixed ejector block 44 pushes the sliding lock hook 42 through the pushing block 45 to unlock when the downward rotation angle of the quick-change connector is too large is avoided.

Through the arrangement of the locking hook mechanism 4, the bolt does not need to be screwed in the use process of the quick-change connector, and the locking of the sliding locking hook 42 and the limiting and fixing of the clamping pin 43 are realized, so that the operation is simple and the use is convenient; the locking and the loosening of the sliding lock hook 42 can realize the pushing of power through the rotation process of the bucket 5, the manual intervention in the whole process is less, the operation is simple, light and fast, the locking force of the lock hook mechanism 4 is large, the shaking probability of the bucket 5 can be effectively reduced, the abrasion among all parts is effectively reduced, the use stability is improved, the use cost of maintenance, replacement and the like is reduced, and the use is more convenient.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing the present invention.

Claims

1. The excavator accessory quick-change connector comprises a connector main body, wherein the upper end of the connector main body is hinged with an excavator arm of an excavator through an excavator arm pin, the upper end of the connector main body is hinged with a connecting rod mechanism through a connecting rod pin, and an excavator bucket oil cylinder of the excavator drives the connector main body to rotate by taking the excavator arm pin as a shaft core through the connecting rod mechanism; the method is characterized in that:

the bottom of the joint main body is provided with a latch hook mechanism; the locking hook mechanism comprises a fixed locking hook, a sliding locking hook and a clamping pin;

a sliding groove is arranged in the joint main body, and the sliding lock hook is arranged on the sliding groove in a sliding manner along the left and right directions;

the fixed lock hook is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the joint main body, the opening directions of the hook parts of the fixed lock hook and the sliding lock hook are opposite, the hook parts of the fixed lock hook and the sliding lock hook penetrate through the two accessory pins assembled at the top of the bucket, and the fixed lock hook slides in the direction away from the fixed lock hook through the sliding lock hook to lock the two accessory pins;

the joint body is provided with a clamping window, the clamping pin penetrates through the clamping window from front to back, and the clamping pin is used for limiting and fixing the sliding lock hook of the locked accessory pin.

2. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 1, wherein: the bayonet lock is in a wedge-shaped structure, and the side wall of the bayonet lock, which is abutted to the bayonet lock and/or the sliding lock hook, is provided with an inclined surface structure of the wedge-shaped structure.

3. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: and anti-skidding insections are arranged on the plane where the bayonet lock is abutted to the bayonet window and/or the sliding lock hook.

4. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 1, wherein: the sliding lock hook is provided with a locking ejector block and an elastic body, the elastic body is arranged between the locking ejector block and the sliding lock hook, and the locking ejector block is abutted to the clamping pin.

5. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 4, wherein: the sliding lock hook is provided with a mounting hole extending along the left-right direction, the elastic body is assembled in the mounting hole, and one end of the locking ejector block extends into the mounting hole.

6. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the lock hook mechanism further comprises a fixed ejector block, the fixed ejector block is fixedly arranged on the digging arm, and when the digging bucket oil cylinder pushes the joint main body fixed shaft to rotate to a set angle range, the fixed ejector block pushes the sliding lock hook to move along the direction deviating from the fixed lock hook.

7. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 6, wherein: the latch hook mechanism further comprises a push block, the outer end of the push block is abutted to the fixed ejector block, and the fixed ejector block pushes the sliding latch hook through the inner end of the push block.

8. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 7, wherein: the push block is fixedly provided with a magnet, and the push block is adsorbed on the digging arm through the magnet.

9. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of claim 8, wherein: the outer end of the push block and the fixed ejector block are split mechanisms; or the outer end of the push block is hinged and assembled on the fixed ejector block.

10. The excavator accessory quick-change coupler of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the connecting rod mechanism comprises a connector connecting rod and an excavating arm connecting rod, the outer end of the connector connecting rod is hinged with the connector main body, the outer end of the excavating arm connecting rod is hinged with the excavating arm, and the excavating arm pin is positioned between a hinged shaft at the outer end of the connector connecting rod and a hinged shaft at the outer end of the excavating arm connecting rod; the inner end of the joint connecting rod, the inner end of the digging arm connecting rod and the bucket oil cylinder are hinged into a whole through a connecting rod pin.