CN113122381A - Method for improving freezing resistance of grease - Google Patents
Method for improving freezing resistance of grease Download PDFInfo
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- CN113122381A CN113122381A CN201911414059.4A CN201911414059A CN113122381A CN 113122381 A CN113122381 A CN 113122381A CN 201911414059 A CN201911414059 A CN 201911414059A CN 113122381 A CN113122381 A CN 113122381A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/06—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with bases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the frost resistance of oil, which does not need to be provided with other process equipment except conventional oil refining equipment, and improves the frost resistance of finished oil by using a specified adsorbent for reaction and decoloration in the decoloration process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grease processing, and particularly relates to a method for improving freezing resistance of grease.
Background
The frost resistance of the grease refers to the ability of the finished grease to remain clear at low temperatures. The frost resistance of the grease is often evaluated by using a grease freezing test, and the detailed steps can be referred to GB/T35877-2018. The oil with poor freezing resistance can gradually have solid separation in the low-temperature storage process, become turbid and finally settle at the bottom, so that the appearance of the product is influenced.
In order to improve the freezing resistance of the grease, a plurality of experts and scholars in the industry provide effective embodiments respectively. CN106167738A discloses a refining method of rice oil with high phytosterol, which comprises the steps of deacidifying crude oil, and carrying out four-stage molecular distillation, dewaxing, deodorization and secondary flash evaporation dehydration to obtain the finished rice oil. The freezing time of the obtained rice oil can reach more than 24 hours.
CN107746746A discloses a method and a device for improving the quality of vegetable oil, which can further improve the dewaxing and winterization effects of the wax-containing vegetable oil in the crystallization and crystal growing process, and increase the freezing time of the vegetable oil to more than 60 hours, and can be applied to rice oil. According to the invention, oil dewaxing is carried out by adopting eight-stage gradual cooling crystallization, six-stage constant temperature crystal growing and two-stage low temperature filtration methods, and special crystallization and crystal growing equipment is adopted, so that the interference of equipment transmission on the crystallization and crystal growing processes is effectively solved in a comprehensive and synergetic manner.
CN108795573A discloses a method for degreasing and cooling rice bran oil, which comprises the steps of controlling the cooling rate when the temperature of the oil is reduced to 20-3 ℃, then continuously growing crystals for 12 hours at 3 ℃, and degreasing at 5-8 ℃. Controlling the filtering pressure to be 0.1MPa, filtering the oil primarily, then recrystallizing and filtering to obtain the finished product rice bran oil. This method facilitates crystallization of the lipid and detection by freeze test.
However, the above methods depend on special process equipment, and practical application is limited. Therefore, there is still a need in the art for a method of increasing the freeze resistance of fats and oils without the need to equip process equipment other than conventional fat refining equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the frost resistance of oil, which does not need to be provided with other process equipment except conventional oil refining equipment, and improves the frost resistance of the oil by using a specific decolorizing agent for reaction and decolorization in the decolorization process.
Specifically, the invention provides a method for decolorizing oil, which comprises the step of decolorizing the oil by using a decolorizing agent with the particle size of 10-100 mu m, the median particle size of 25-100 mu m and the deviation value of the particle size distribution of 0.3-1.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent is selected from the group consisting of activated clay, attapulgite, zeolite, acidified rice hull ash, magnesium silicate, diatomaceous earth, perlite, activated carbon, and any mixtures thereof; preferably, the decolorizing agent is at least one or a mixture of more than two of activated clay, perlite, activated carbon and diatomite; preferably, the decolorizing agent is activated clay or a mixture of activated clay and at least one selected from activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and perlite.
In one or more embodiments, the oil is one for which enhanced freeze resistance is desired, preferably rice oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, or any mixture thereof; preferably, the oil to be decolorized is previously subjected to dewaxing treatment.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent has a particle size ranging from 20 μm to 100 μm.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent has a median particle size in the range of 30 to 65 μm.
In one or more embodiments, the particle size distribution of the decolorizing agent has a deviation value of 0.4 to 0.8, preferably 0.4 to 0.7.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent is used in an amount of 0.1 to 5%, preferably 1 to 3%, by weight of the oil.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and diatomaceous earth, with particle sizes ranging from 10 to 100 microns, median particle sizes ranging from 25 to 70 μm, and a deviation value of the particle size distribution ranging from 0.3 to 1, preferably from 0.4 to 0.6.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and activated carbon, with particle size ranging from 10 to 100 microns, median particle size ranging from 35 to 70 μm, and deviation value of particle size distribution ranging from 0.4 to 1, preferably from 0.4 to 0.7.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent is activated clay having a particle size ranging from 10 to 100 microns, a median particle size ranging from 30 to 70 microns, and a deviation value of the particle size distribution ranging from 0.4 to 0.6.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay, diatomaceous earth and activated carbon, with particle sizes ranging from 10 to 100 microns, median particle size ranging from 25 to 50 μm, and a deviation value of particle size distribution ranging from 0.4 to 0.6.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing is carried out under reduced pressure, preferably at a pressure of 9kPa or less, such as from 4kPa to 9 kPa.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorization temperature is 100-.
The invention also provides a method for refining the oil, which comprises the method for decoloring the oil and the one or more steps of degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water washing and drying, dewaxing and deodorization.
The invention also provides a decoloring agent with a particle size distribution range of 10-100 mu m, a median particle size of 25-100 mu m and a deviation value of particle size distribution of 0.3-1, or an application of the grease decoloring method in improving the grease freezing time; preferably, the depigmenting agent is as described in any of the schemes herein.
The invention also provides a decoloring agent, which comprises a mixture of at least two of activated clay, perlite, activated carbon and diatomite, wherein the particle size distribution range of the decoloring agent particles is 10-100 mu m, the median particle size is 25-100 mu m, and the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.3-1.
In one or more embodiments, the decolorizing agents are: the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and diatomite, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.3-1, preferably 0.4-0.6; the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 35-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-1, preferably 0.4-0.7; the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 30-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6; or the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay, diatomite and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-50 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6.
The invention also comprises the grease prepared by the method of any embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To make the features and effects of the present invention comprehensible to those skilled in the art, general description and definitions are made below with reference to terms and expressions mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The theory or mechanism described and disclosed herein, whether correct or incorrect, should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, i.e., the present disclosure may be practiced without limitation to any particular theory or mechanism.
All features defined herein as numerical ranges or percentage ranges, such as values, amounts, levels and concentrations, are for brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered to cover and specifically disclose all possible subranges and individual numerical values (including integers and fractions) within the range. Herein, unless otherwise specified, percentages refer to mass percentages and ratios to mass ratios.
In this context, for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of features in the various embodiments or examples are described. Therefore, the respective features in the respective embodiments or examples may be arbitrarily combined as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the features, and all the possible combinations should be considered as the scope of the present specification.
In this context, the starting materials mentioned may, unless otherwise indicated, be those conventional in the art, and the processes mentioned may be those conventionally carried out in the art, as reasonably determined by the skilled person from the disclosure and the prior art.
The invention discovers that the specific decolorizing agent is used for reaction and decolorization in the decolorizing process, and other process equipment except conventional oil refining equipment (such as a falling film evaporator and a crystal growing tank) is not required to be arranged, so that the freezing time of the oil can be delayed and the anti-freezing performance of the oil can be improved. The specific decolorant of the invention has the following characteristics: the decolorizing agent has the particle size of 10-100 microns, the median particle size of 25-100 microns and the deviation value of particle size distribution of 0.3-1. The preferred particle size range is 20 μm to 100. mu.m. The preferable median particle diameter range is 30 to 65 μm. The deviation value of the particle size distribution is preferably 0.4 to 0.8, more preferably 0.4 to 0.7. In the present invention, the particle size distribution range, the median particle size range, and the deviation value are measured and calculated as described in the examples section.
The present invention can be practiced using various decolorants known in the art for use in the decolorization of fats and oils. Exemplary decolorizing agents include, but are not limited to, activated clay, attapulgite, zeolite, acidified rice hull ash, magnesium silicate, diatomaceous earth, perlite, and activated carbon. One decolorizing agent or any mixture of two or more decolorizing agents can be used. When two or more decolorizing agents are used, there is no particular limitation on the amount ratio between the individual decolorizing agents in the decolorizing agent mixture, as long as the particle size distribution range, median particle size range, and deviation value of the final decolorizing agent are within the ranges defined herein. Preferably, the decolorizing agent is at least one or a mixture of more than two of activated clay, perlite, activated carbon and diatomite; more preferably, the decolorizing agent is activated clay or a mixture of activated clay and at least one selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and perlite. More preferably, when a mixture of activated clay and at least one selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and perlite is used, the content of activated clay in the mixture does not exceed 20%. For example, the activated clay content of the mixture is between 5 and 18%.
In some embodiments, the decolorizing agent of the present invention is a mixture of activated clay and diatomaceous earth, with particle size ranging from 10 to 100 microns, median particle size ranging from 25 to 70 μm, and deviation value of particle size distribution ranging from 0.3 to 1, preferably 0.4 to 0.6; or a mixture of activated clay and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 microns, the median particle size range is 35-70 microns, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-1, preferably 0.4-0.7; or activated clay with the particle size range of 10-100 microns, the median particle size range of 30-70 microns and the deviation value of particle size distribution of 0.4-0.6; or a mixture of activated clay, diatomite and activated carbon, wherein the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-50 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6.
Decolourisation typically comprises: adding a proper amount of the decolorizing agent into grease, reacting at a certain temperature under vacuum conditions, and filtering after reaction. The addition amount of the decolorizing agent can be 0.1-5% of the grease by mass, and is preferably 1-3%; the decolorization temperature may be 100-120 deg.C, preferably 100-115 deg.C. The decolorization is usually carried out under reduced pressure, preferably under a pressure of 9kPa, such as 4 to 9kPa, preferably 4 to 7 kPa. The decolorization time is less than 45 minutes, for example, 30 to 45 minutes, preferably 30 to 40 minutes.
The oil suitable for the present invention may be a vegetable oil including, but not limited to, one or a mixture of any of soybean oil, coconut oil, rice oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower seed oil, corn oil, olive oil, palm kernel oil, palm stearin, peanut oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, mango kernel oil, shea butter and illipe butter. Preferably, the oils and fats suitable for use in the oil and fat decolorization method of the present invention are especially those oils and fats for which improved freezing resistance is desired, including but not limited to rice oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, or any mixture thereof.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a method of refining fats and oils comprising a step of decolorizing fats and oils as described herein and one or more steps selected from degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water wash drying, dewaxing fats and deodorization. It is to be understood that one or more of the degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water wash drying, dewaxing and deodorization may be omitted depending on the actual production conditions and the purpose of the production. The technological conditions of degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water washing and drying, dewaxing and deodorization can be the conventional technological conditions in the field and are adjusted according to the actual production conditions.
Exemplary degumming includes filtering the crude oil to remove solid impurities and adding a degumming medium to degum the crude oil. The degumming medium may be a degumming medium conventional in the art, such as citric acid solution, phosphoric acid solution and degumming enzyme. When using degumming enzymes such as PLA1 phospholipase, the reaction system is generally at 45-80 deg.C, pH 5-6, and time 2-6 h. The degumming medium is not less than 0.05 wt% of the weight of the crude oil, and is usually not more than 2 wt% of the weight of the crude oil. When an acid is used, the concentration of the acid is not less than 5 wt%, usually not more than 80 wt%, for example, it may be in the range of 5 to 65 wt%, 10 to 60 wt%, 20 to 50 wt%, based on the total weight of the solution. Water may be added simultaneously, usually in an amount of not less than 0.5% by weight based on the weight of the crude oil; typically, the amount of water used in a single degumming step is not more than 30 wt% of the oil weight, e.g. in the range of 0.5 to 20 wt%, 0.5 to 10 wt%, 5 to 25 wt%, excluding the water in the degumming medium. And separating the colloid after the reaction is finished to obtain the degummed oil.
In some embodiments, the crude oil is degummed by using PLA1 phospholipase, the addition mass of the phospholipase is 10-1000mg/kg of the mass of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45-50 ℃, the reaction time is 4-6h, the reaction pH value is 5-5.3, and after the reaction is finished, colloid is separated to obtain degummed oil.
The main purpose of deacidification is to remove free fatty acids from the crude oil and to remove some impurities such as pigments, phospholipids, hydrocarbons and mucilage. Physical deacidification methods may be used for deacidification. For example, the degummed oil may be treated at a pressure of 0.02 to 0.6kPa and a temperature of 180 ℃ and 250 ℃ to obtain a deacidified oil. Alternatively, deacidification may be carried out by an alkali refining (neutralization) process. For example, adding a proper amount of alkali liquor into the degummed oil at 80-90 ℃ for reaction for 10-60 minutes. Usually, the amount of alkali added is 7.13X 10-4×MOilX AV x (1+ excess alkali), the excess alkali can be 0-20%, the alkali liquor amount is alkali adding amount/alkali liquor concentration, wherein, MOilOil weight, AV acid number. And centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain the neutralized oil.
If the deacidification is carried out by adopting an alkali refining mode, the alkali refined oil (neutralized oil) can be washed and dried by water after the alkali refining is finished so as to carry out the soaping removal, and the soaped oil is obtained. For example, the neutralized oil can be heated to 80-90 deg.C, washed with hot water at a weight of less than 5 wt% (e.g., 1-3 wt%) of the oil, centrifuged, and vacuum dried at 90-120 deg.C to obtain the desaponified oil. It is understood that physical deacidification may be followed by caustic refining, if desired.
The degreasing/dewaxing processes for different fats and oils are not completely the same. For example, for the oil and fat with high wax content such as rice oil, the process for dewaxing the oil and fat comprises the steps of pumping the oil and fat to be degreased into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to be 50-60 ℃, standing for 10-60min, and then, beginning to cool and crystallize. Can be reduced to 0-6 deg.C, preferably 2-4 deg.C within 10-60 hr, preferably 40-60 hr, and then crystallized at the temperature for 6-10 hr, and filtered after crystallization is finished. In the dewaxing process for the oil with relatively low wax content such as soybean oil, corn oil and the like, the temperature is reduced for 2-20 hours generally and is 4-7 ℃.
An exemplary deodorization process comprises deodorizing at a vacuum of 25mbar or less at 180 ℃ and 240 ℃ for 30-150 minutes. The deodorization can be carried out in a deodorizing medium such as nitrogen. In other embodiments, the deodorization comprises pumping the grease to be deodorized into a falling-film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.2-0.6kPa, and the temperature is 180-.
In some embodiments, the invention includes a method of refining fats and oils comprising, in order, the steps of degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water washing and drying, dewaxing, decolorization, and deodorization as described herein; preferably, the method is applied to oils and fats having a high wax content such as rice oil and the like; in some embodiments, the oil and fat refining method of the present invention comprises the steps of degumming, neutralization, water washing drying, dewaxing, decolorizing and deodorizing as described herein, preferably; the method is suitable for oil and fat with low wax content such as soybean oil and corn oil.
The invention also comprises the decolored grease obtained by the decoloration method, the refined grease obtained by the refining method and blend oil containing the refined grease. Preferably, the oil is rice oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, corn oil or any mixture thereof.
The invention also provides the application of the decolorizing agent with the particle size of 10-100 mu m, the median particle size of 25-100 mu m and the deviation value of particle size distribution of 0.3-1 in improving the oil freezing time; preferred depigmenting agents are as described in any of the embodiments herein.
Also provided is a decolorizing agent which is a mixture of activated clay and at least one selected from activated carbon, diatomaceous earth and perlite; preferably, the content of activated clay in the mixture does not exceed 20%. For example, the activated clay content of the mixture is between 5 and 18%. In some embodiments, the decolorizing agent of the present invention is a mixture of activated clay and diatomaceous earth, with particle size ranging from 10 to 100 microns, median particle size ranging from 25 to 70 μm, and deviation value of particle size distribution ranging from 0.3 to 1, preferably 0.4 to 0.6; or a mixture of activated clay and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 microns, the median particle size range is 35-70 microns, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-1, preferably 0.4-0.7; or activated clay with the particle size range of 10-100 microns, the median particle size range of 30-70 microns and the deviation value of particle size distribution of 0.4-0.6; or a mixture of activated clay, diatomite and activated carbon, wherein the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-50 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6.
The following examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following. The embodiments in the present description are only for illustrating the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined only by the appended claims, and any omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form of the embodiments disclosed herein that may be made by those skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
The following examples use instrumentation conventional in the art. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturers. In the following examples, various starting materials were used, and unless otherwise specified, conventional commercially available products were used. In the description of the present invention and the following examples, "%" represents weight percent and "parts" represents parts by weight unless otherwise specified. In addition, the rice crude oil used in each example and comparative example was the same.
Other materials and equipment used were as follows:
activated clay: specification of clean bleaching earth ltd, le ping city: 1020 #;
activated carbon: yihai (Jia Mus) grain and oil industries, Inc.; specification: wood powder activated carbon;
diatomite: tomatillo new materials ltd, tomatillo linnaeus; specification: ground brand diatomite filter aid;
growing crystal: desmet Balllestra Specification: lauda RA 12;
a falling film evaporator: sharper mechanical equipment, Inc. specifications: RY-JM.
As used herein, median particle diameter (Md) refers to the particle diameter corresponding to a cumulative curve at a particle content of 50%, measured in millimeters (or
Value) is shown. The test was carried out using an LS13320 laser particle sizer (dry module). The particle size range was also determined using the LS13320 laser particle sizer (dry module).
The deviation value (SK1) is a parameter used to represent the symmetry of the frequency curve, and substantially reflects the degree of asymmetry of the particle size distribution. Detection was performed using an LS13320 laser particle sizer (dry module). And calculating according to the detection result. The calculation formula is as follows:
example 1: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg/kg of phospholipase added to each kg of crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4 hours, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and diatomite in a ratio of 1:10, the particle size range is 10-100 mu m, the median particle size is 30 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.5, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Example 2: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and activated carbon with the ratio of 1:10, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 50 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.7, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Example 3: preparation of Soybean oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude soybean oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 10mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. neutralizing: heating the degummed oil obtained in the previous step to 80 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.1% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
3. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
4. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃ within 2 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 6 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
5. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and activated carbon with the ratio of 1:10, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 50 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.7, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
6. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final soybean oil product.
Example 4: preparation of corn oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude corn oil to remove solid impurities, heating to 60 ℃, adding a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (with the concentration of 70 wt%) with the weight of 0.2% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and separating and removing colloid after the reaction is finished to obtain degummed oil;
2. neutralizing: heating the degummed oil obtained in the previous step to 80 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.1% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
3. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
4. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃ within 2 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 6 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
5. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and activated carbon with the ratio of 1:10, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 50 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.7, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
6. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain the deodorized oil, namely the final corn oil product.
Example 5: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and activated carbon, and the ratio of the decolorizing agent to the activated carbon is 1: 5, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 70 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.4, and the reaction is carried out for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the destaining oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Example 6: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1% of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and activated carbon with a ratio of 1:15, the particle size range of 20-100 mu m, the median particle size of 35 mu m and the deviation value of the particle size distribution of 1, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Example 7: preparation of cottonseed oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude cottonseed oil to remove solid impurities, heating to 60 ℃, adding a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (with the concentration of 70 wt%) with the weight of 0.2% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and separating to remove colloid after the reaction is finished to obtain degummed oil;
2. neutralizing: heating the degummed oil obtained in the previous step to 80 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.1% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
3. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
4. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃ within 2 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 6 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
5. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and perlite in a ratio of 1:8, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 65 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.6, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
6. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain the deodorized oil, namely the final corn oil product.
Example 8: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1% of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 70 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.4, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Example 9: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude rice oil to remove solid impurities, heating to 60 ℃, adding a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (with the concentration of 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.2% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and separating and removing colloid after the reaction is finished to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 5% of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 70 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.4, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Example 10: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude rice oil to remove solid impurities, heating to 60 ℃, adding a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (with the concentration of 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.2% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and separating and removing colloid after the reaction is finished to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 20-100 mu m, the median particle size is 70 mu m, and the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.4, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Comparative example 1: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 2 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fatty oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is formed by compounding activated clay and activated carbon (the ratio of the activated clay to the activated carbon is 1.8:1), the particle size range is 300 mu m, the median particle size is 113 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.6, and the reaction is carried out for 45min at the pressure of 7kPa and the temperature of 65 ℃ to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Comparative example 2: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1% of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 0.2-1000 microns, the median particle size is 9 microns, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is-0.4, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Comparative example 3: preparation of rice oil
1. Degumming: filtering rice crude oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 100mg/kg of phospholipase added to each kg of crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4 hours, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. physical deacidification: feeding the degumming oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circulation treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 220 ℃, so as to obtain deacidified oil;
3. neutralizing: cooling the deacidified oil to 50 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) accounting for 0.2 percent of the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
4. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
5. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 4 ℃ within 60 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 4 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
6. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay and diatomite in a ratio of 1:10, the particle size range is 10-100 mu m, the median particle size is 30 mu m, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is-0.2, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
7. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final rice oil product.
Comparative example 4: preparation of Soybean oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude soybean oil to remove solid impurities, degumming the crude oil by using PLA1 phospholipase, wherein the addition amount of the phospholipase is 10mg per kg of the crude oil, the reaction temperature is 45 ℃, the reaction time is 4h, the reaction pH value is 5, and after the reaction is finished, separating and removing colloid to obtain degummed oil;
2. neutralizing: heating the degummed oil obtained in the previous step to 80 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) with the weight of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
3. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
4. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃ within 2 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 6 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
5. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1% of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 0.2-1000 microns, the median particle size is 9 microns, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is-0.4, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
6. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain deodorized oil, namely the final soybean oil product.
Comparative example 5; preparation of corn oil
1. Degumming: filtering crude corn oil to remove solid impurities, heating to 60 ℃, adding a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (with the concentration of 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.2% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and separating and removing colloid after the reaction is finished to obtain degummed oil;
2. neutralizing: heating the degummed oil obtained in the previous step to 80 ℃, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (the concentration is 10 wt%) with the weight of 0.1% of that of the oil, reacting for 30min, and centrifuging after the reaction is finished to obtain neutralized oil;
3. washing and drying: heating the neutralized oil to 80 deg.C, adding soft water 3% of the oil weight, washing with water, centrifuging, and vacuum drying at 110 deg.C to obtain soapless oil;
4. dewaxing grease: pumping the obtained desquamated oil into a crystal growing tank, controlling the temperature to 50 ℃, stabilizing for 30min, starting cooling and crystallizing, reducing the temperature to 6 ℃ within 2 hours, growing the crystals for 10 hours at the temperature of 6 ℃, and filtering after the crystal growing is finished to obtain dewaxed fatty oil;
5. and (3) decoloring: adding a decolorizing agent accounting for 1% of the mass of the dewaxed fat oil, wherein the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 0.2-1000 microns, the median particle size is 9 microns, the deviation value of the particle size distribution is-0.4, and reacting for 30min at 115 ℃ under the pressure of 4kPa to obtain the decolorized oil;
6. deodorizing: pumping the decolorized oil obtained in the previous step into a falling film evaporator for circular treatment, wherein the system pressure is 0.3kPa, and the temperature is 200 ℃, so as to obtain the deodorized oil, namely the final corn oil product.
Test example:
the grease products prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were subjected to a freezing test, and the freezing time of the grease products was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
The freezing experiment is carried out according to the GB/T17756 standard, and the operation method comprises the following steps:
1) heating the uniformly mixed finished oil sample (200-300 mL) to 130 ℃, immediately stopping heating, and filtering while the sample is hot;
2) injecting the filtered oil into an oil sample bottle, plugging the bottle with a cork, cooling to 25 ℃, and sealing with paraffin;
3) then immersing the oil sample bottle into ice water bath at 0 ℃ and starting timing; covering with ice water, and keeping the ice water bath at 0 ℃;
4) and recording the time for the sample to become cloudy or crystallize or separate out, namely the freezing time.
Table 1: results of freezing experiments
Examples 11 to 24
Referring to the method of example 1, examples 11 to 24, the raw oils and fats in each example were rice crude oil identical to example 1, and the degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water washing and drying, dewaxing and deodorization processes of each example and comparative example were identical to example 1 in sequence and parameters, but the decoloring process thereof was as shown in the following table 2, respectively. The consumption of the decolorant is 1 percent of the weight of the oil; the reaction time was 30 minutes in all the examples except for 40 minutes in example 20; the reaction pressure in each of the examples was 4kPa, except that in example 17, the pressure was 9 kPa.
The freezing time was measured according to the foregoing test examples, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2
Note: in the column of the decolorizer, the weight ratio of the two decolorizers is shown in parentheses.
Claims (10)
1. The method for decoloring the grease is characterized by comprising the step of decoloring the grease by using a decoloring agent with the particle size of 10-100 microns, the median particle size of 25-100 microns and the deviation value of particle size distribution of 0.3-1.
2. A method of decoloring fats and oils according to claim 1,
the decolorizing agent is selected from activated clay, attapulgite, zeolite, acidified rice hull ash, magnesium silicate, diatomite, perlite, activated carbon and any mixture thereof; preferably, the decolorizing agent is at least one or a mixture of more than two of activated clay, perlite, activated carbon and diatomite; preferably, the decolorant is activated clay or a mixture of activated clay and at least one selected from activated carbon, diatomite and perlite; and/or
The oil is oil which needs to improve the freezing resistance, and is preferably rice oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower seed oil, corn oil or any mixture thereof; preferably, the oil to be decolorized is previously subjected to dewaxing treatment.
3. A method of decoloring fats and oils according to claim 1,
the particle size range of the decolorizing agent is 20-100 mu m;
the median particle size range of the decolorizing agent is 30-65 mu m;
the deviation value of the particle size distribution of the decolorizing agent is 0.4-0.8, preferably 0.4-0.7; and/or
The dosage of the decolorizing agent is 0.1-5% of the weight of the oil, and preferably 1-3%.
4. A method of decoloring fats and oils according to claim 1,
the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and diatomite, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.3-1, preferably 0.4-0.6;
the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 35-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-1, preferably 0.4-0.7;
the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 30-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6; or
The decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay, diatomite and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-50 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6.
5. A method for decoloring fats and oils according to claim 1, wherein the decoloring is carried out under reduced pressure, preferably at a pressure of 9kPa or less, such as 4kPa to 9kPa, at a decoloring temperature of 100 ℃ and 115 ℃, for a decoloring time within 40 minutes, such as 30 to 40 minutes.
6. A method for refining fats and oils, comprising the method for decoloring fats and oils according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and one or more steps of degumming, physical deacidification, neutralization, water washing and drying, dewaxing and deodorization.
7. A decoloring agent with a particle size distribution range of 10-100 μm, a median particle size of 25-100 μm and a deviation value of the particle size distribution of 0.3-1, or the use of the oil decoloring method according to any one of claims 1-5 for improving the oil freezing time; preferably, the depigmenting agent is as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4.
8. The decolorizing agent is characterized by comprising a mixture of at least two of activated clay, perlite, activated carbon and diatomite, wherein the particle size distribution range of the decolorizing agent particles is 10-100 mu m, the median particle size is 25-100 mu m, and the deviation value of the particle size distribution is 0.3-1.
9. The decolorizing agent of claim 8, wherein the decolorizing agent is:
the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and diatomite, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.3-1, preferably 0.4-0.6;
the decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 35-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-1, preferably 0.4-0.7;
the decolorizing agent is activated clay, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 30-70 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6; or
The decolorizing agent is a mixture of activated clay, diatomite and activated carbon, the particle size range is 10-100 micrometers, the median particle size range is 25-50 micrometers, and the deviation value of particle size distribution is 0.4-0.6.
10. A fat or oil produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116832770A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-10-03 | 中储粮镇江质检中心有限公司 | Green efficient porous adsorbent for improving freezing resistance of grease and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113698988A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-26 | 山东三星玉米产业科技有限公司 | Production process of nutritional corn oil |
| CN113698988B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2024-04-26 | 长寿花食品股份有限公司 | Production process of nutritional corn oil |
| CN116832770A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-10-03 | 中储粮镇江质检中心有限公司 | Green efficient porous adsorbent for improving freezing resistance of grease and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116832770B (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2024-05-17 | 中储粮镇江质检中心有限公司 | Green efficient porous adsorbent for improving freezing resistance of grease and preparation method and application thereof |
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