CN113121165A - Fully recycled concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Fully recycled concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113121165A
CN113121165A CN201911408694.1A CN201911408694A CN113121165A CN 113121165 A CN113121165 A CN 113121165A CN 201911408694 A CN201911408694 A CN 201911408694A CN 113121165 A CN113121165 A CN 113121165A
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particles
center distance
recycled
aggregate
image
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CN113121165B (en
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肖建庄
刘琼
丁陶
马旭伟
韩女
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Tongji University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04Portland cements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28CPREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/003Methods for mixing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02Treatment
    • C04B20/026Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • G01N2015/1028Sorting particles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • G01N2015/1029Particle size
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • G01N2015/103Particle shape

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a fully recycled concrete material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 70-90% of continuous graded recycled aggregate; 3-15% of cement; 7-15% of water; 0-0.3% of excitant; 0 to 0.2 percent of additive. The invention further provides a preparation method of the fully recycled concrete material. According to the fully recycled concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the grading of the adopted continuous graded recycled aggregate is controllable, the recycled coarse aggregate, the recycled fine aggregate and the recycled micro powder are contained, and the compact packing state is achieved. The continuous graded recycled aggregate fully exerts the filling effect of complete continuous grading, the micro filling effect of the recycled micro powder and the volcanic ash activity comprehensive effect, realizes the large mixing amount of the recycled material, is favorable for promoting the full utilization of the building solid waste resource, can utilize the building solid waste to the maximum extent, and reduces the energy consumption of first screening in the building solid waste resource process and later mixing in the concrete preparation process.

Description

Fully recycled concrete and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building solid waste recycling, and relates to fully recycled concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the construction solid waste recycling industry in China has certain technical accumulation and scientific and technological progress, the construction solid waste is classified, wood, plastic, reinforcing steel bars and the like are sorted out for recycling, and the residual waste concrete and tiles are crushed, screened and cleaned to be made into construction coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and regenerated micro powder for preparing new regenerated concrete or regenerated products such as baking-free bricks and the like. However, aggregate grading of the crushed product in the existing construction solid waste recycling process is not controlled, and the recycled aggregate with different particle sizes is obtained through subsequent screening. Then, separate shipment is required during transportation, and a plurality of bins are required during mixing of recycled concrete, so that recycled aggregates with various particle sizes are remixed, and the cost and energy consumption are remarkably increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art system and provide a fully recycled concrete and a preparation method thereof. The invention can produce corresponding continuous graded recycled aggregate and powder according to the actual engineering requirements, overcomes the defect of single particle grading of the traditional sandstone aggregate product, and reduces the secondary mixing processes of aggregate screening, finished product stacking and use.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides a fully recycled concrete material, comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
70-90% of continuous graded recycled aggregate;
3-15% of cement;
7 to 15 percent of water
0-0.3% of excitant;
0 to 0.2 percent of additive.
Preferably, the cement is selected from one of ordinary portland cement or portland cement. The ordinary portland cement is prepared by adding 6-20% of mixed materials and a proper amount of gypsum into portland cement clinker and grinding. The common Portland cement has less mixed materials, and the components of the common Portland cement are close to those of the Portland cement, so the common Portland cement and the Portland cement have close performance, and can be replaced under certain conditions, if concrete with high hardening speed and medium strength is required, Portland cement is preferably adopted generally, and the common Portland cement can also be adopted, so that the application range of the common Portland cement is wider.
Preferably, the water is conventional tap water. The amount of the water is obtained by comprehensively considering the effective water-cement ratio and the difference between the water absorption rate and the water content of the continuous graded recycled aggregate.
Preferably, the activator is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or sodium sulfate.
Preferably, the additive is selected from one of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent or naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent. The solid content of the polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent is 30 percent, and the water reducing rate is 40 percent; the naphthalene-based superplasticizer has a solid content of 30% and a water reduction rate of 25%.
Preferably, when the fully recycled concrete is a water-stable material, the using amount of the cement is 3-7%; when the fully recycled concrete is low-strength concrete, the using amount of cement is 7-11%; when the fully recycled concrete is medium-strength concrete, the using amount of the cement is 11-15%. Preferably, the continuous graded recycled aggregate is prepared by adopting an intelligent crushing integrated system of the continuous graded recycled aggregate, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) inputting the building solid waste raw material into a primary crushing device for crushing through a feeding device, and screening out dregs and impurities from the crushed building solid waste raw material through a screening device to obtain a material a;
2) conveying the material a to a secondary crushing device through a first conveying device for crushing, and sorting out blocky impurities in the material a through a sorting device to obtain a material b;
3) respectively conveying the material b to a sampling dispersing device and a belt scale through a second conveying device, vibrating and dispersing the material b conveyed to the sampling dispersing device to enable the material b to be tiled, acquiring image information of grading of particles of the material b through an image acquisition device, obtaining the grading condition of the particles of the material b after the grading condition is judged by a controller, feeding the grading condition back to a secondary crushing device to adjust crushing parameters, and crushing the material b;
4) and repeating the step 3), thereby obtaining the required recycled aggregate with target gradation.
Preferably, the intelligent crushing integrated system for the continuous graded recycled aggregate is sequentially provided with a feeding device, a primary crushing device, a screening device, a first transmission device, a secondary crushing device and a second transmission device along the feeding direction of aggregate crushing, wherein the first transmission device is externally provided with a sorting device for sorting blocky impurities in the aggregate, the second transmission device is respectively communicated with a sampling dispersion device and a belt scale, the secondary crushing device is externally provided with a dust collecting device, the sampling dispersion device is externally provided with an image collecting device, the image collecting device is externally provided with a controller, and the controller is respectively in signal connection with the image collecting device, the secondary crushing device and the dust collecting device.
More preferably, the feeding device is provided with a raw material bin and a feeding machine in sequence along a feeding direction, the raw material bin is connected with the feeding machine through a conveying belt conveyor, and a feeding port of the feeding machine is located above a feeding port of the primary crushing device.
More preferably, the primary crushing device is a jaw crusher. The jaw crusher is selected from one of a compound pendulum jaw crusher, an external moving jaw crusher or a vibrating jaw crusher.
More preferably, the screening device is a vibrating screen.
More preferably, a muck impurity piling chamber is arranged below the screening device.
More preferably, the first conveying device is sequentially provided with a first conveying unit and a lower chute along the conveying direction, the feeding end of the first conveying unit is connected with the screening device, the discharging end of the first conveying unit is connected with the inlet of the lower chute, and the outlet of the lower chute is connected with the feeding hole of the secondary crushing device.
Further preferably, the first conveying unit is a conveyor belt conveyor.
More preferably, the sorting device is an intelligent jet sorting apparatus.
More preferably, the sorting means is provided at one side of the lower chute of the first conveying device, and the sorting means is adapted to eject the bulk impurities in the aggregate moving along the lower chute into the bulk impurity pile chamber.
More preferably, the secondary crushing device is a double roll crusher.
Further preferably, the double-roll crusher comprises a casing, a fixed roll and a sliding roll are arranged in the casing in a linkage manner, the fixed roll is fixed in the casing, two ends of the fixed roll penetrate through two sides of the casing, two ends of the sliding roll are arranged in sliding rails with openings at two sides of the casing, a double-roll center distance adjusting slider is externally connected with the sliding roll, and the double-roll center distance adjusting slider slides along the sliding rails to drive the sliding roll to move.
Still further preferably, a motor is arranged outside the pair-roller center distance adjusting slider, and the motor is connected with the pair-roller center distance adjusting slider to drive the pair-roller center distance adjusting slider to slide in the slide rail.
Most preferably, the motor is in signal connection with a controller for sending a drive signal to the motor.
Still further preferably, the slide roller is a one-sided slide roller.
More preferably, the second transmission device is a bi-pass chute, the feed inlet of bi-pass chute is located the below of second grade breaker's discharge gate, the bi-pass chute is including discharge gate an and discharge gate b, discharge gate a and sample dispersion devices's position phase-match, discharge gate b is equipped with the belt weigher outward, belt weigher and discharge gate b phase-match.
Further preferably, the sampling interval of the double-pass chute is less than or equal to 15min, the opening time is 20-40s, and the sampling quantity in a single test is 50-100 g.
Further preferably, the precision of the belt weigher is +/-0.25%, and the transportation amount is more than or equal to 200 t/h.
Further preferably, the belt weigher is externally connected with a storage bin.
More preferably, the sampling dispersion device is a vibrating flat platform.
Further preferably, the vibration frequency of the vibration flat platform is 0.1-5Hz, and the vibration time duration is 30-60 s.
More preferably, the image capture device is a camera. The camera is a common digital camera or an industrial camera.
More preferably, the dust collecting device is a filter bag type dust collector.
The controller is a conventionally used controller. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the calculation, comparison, judgment and instruction output processes of the controller can be implemented by using integrated circuit modules, programmable logic devices, other hardware or installing corresponding software modules in the prior art.
Preferably, in the step 1), the recycled aggregate is input into a feeder from a raw material bin through a conveyor belt conveyor, and is input into a primary crushing device from the feeder.
More preferably, in the step 1), the feeding granularity of the primary crushing device is 400-.
More preferably, in the step 1), the primary crushing device crushes the construction solid waste raw materials to less than 200 mm.
More preferably, in the step 2), the material a is conveyed to a secondary crushing device from a lower chute through a first conveying unit.
Preferably, in the step 3), the material b is respectively conveyed to the sampling and dispersing device and the belt weigher through a double-pass chute.
More preferably, the material b is conveyed to the sampling and dispersing device through a discharge port a of the double-pass chute and conveyed to the belt weigher through a discharge port b of the double-pass chute.
More preferably, in step 3), the process of determining by the controller includes the following steps:
A) converting the image collected by the image collection device into a gray image;
B) searching an optimal segmentation value by adopting an optimal threshold segmentation algorithm, and converting the gray level image into a binary image;
C) eliminating small particles in the particles of the material b by adopting opening operation;
D) calculating the area and the diameter of the particles of the material b;
E) analyzing the morphology of the particles of the material b, and removing misjudged particles;
F) and making an aggregate grading curve of the material b particles, and judging the grading condition of the material b particles.
And when being executed, the computer program can realize the image identification of the image acquisition device, calculate the area and the diameter of the particles of the material b and judge the grading condition of the particles of the material b.
More preferably, in step a), the image is an RGB image obtained by photographing.
More preferably, in step a), the gray scale level of the gray scale image is selected from one of 8 levels, 16 levels, or 32 levels.
More preferably, in step B), the optimal threshold segmentation algorithm determines the gray threshold by using a maximum inter-class variance method.
More preferably, in step C), the opening operation is defined as erosion followed by dilation, which is a basic morphological noise elimination module in the field of computer vision and image processing.
More preferably, in the step D), the area and diameter statistics of the particles of the material b adopt pixel point counting statistics. The diameter of the particles of the material b is an equivalent diameter, i.e., a circular diameter calculated based on the area.
More preferably, in step E), the misjudged particles are particles containing holes inside or sticky particles having a ratio of minimum diameter to maximum diameter that is too small.
More preferably, in step E), the misjudged particles are filtered and removed by a morphological filter.
More preferably, in step F), the grading curve of the particles of material b is on the x-axis for the particle size and on the y-axis for the volume percentage of particles of different sizes.
More preferably, in step 3), the grading condition of the particles of the material b is fed back to the secondary crushing device to adjust the crushing parameters, and the method comprises the following steps:
a) setting N particle size ranges of the particles, and setting corresponding N pair roller center distances s in a secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is the center distance between N paired rollersi
b) Determining the volume proportion of target particles in N particle size ranges according to the target gradation of the needed recycled aggregate, and determining the corresponding central distance time ratio of N pairs of rollers in a secondary crushing device;
c) according to the grading condition of the material b particles, volume proportions of the material b particles and the target particles in N particle size ranges are compared, and the corresponding central distance holding ratio of N pairs of rollers is adjusted in a secondary crushing device.
More preferably, the set value of N is 4 to 8.
Further preferably, in step a), when the value of N is 5, the particle size ranges of the particles respectively include a(s)4-s5mm)、B(s3-s4mm)、C(s2-s3mm)、D(s1-s2mm)、E(<s1mm); the center distance of the pair of rollers comprises five grades I-V: class I center distance of s1Class II center distance of s2Class III center-to-center distance s3The IV-grade center distance is s4The V-class center distance is s5. (ii) a The center distance of the pair of rollers comprises five grades I-V: center distance of class I is tIAnd when the center distance of class II is held as tIIThe center-to-center distance of class III is tIIIThe center distance of IV stage is tIVThe center distance of V is tV. The center distance s of the pair rolleriAnd t is held at the center distance of the pair rolleriThe center distance s of the pair roller is the crushing parameter of the secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is held at the center distance of the pair rolleriThe grading requirement of the crushed aggregate and the control and determination of the crushing cost need to be comprehensively considered.
Further preferably, in step b), when the value of N is 5, the target particles in the N particle size rangesThe occupied volume ratio is a: b: c: d: e, the ratio of the center distance of the N paired rollers to the center distance of the N paired rollers meets the formula (1), and the formula (1) is as follows: a, b, c, d, e and tI:(tI+tII):(tI+tII+tIII):(tI+tII+tIII+tIV):(tI+tII+tIII+tIV+tV)。
Preferably, in the step 3), the image information collected by the image collecting device is judged by the controller and then fed back to the secondary crushing device to adjust the time interval of the crushing parameters to be less than or equal to 10 min.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a fully recycled concrete material, which comprises the following steps:
A1) stirring the continuously graded recycled aggregate and half of the amount of water according to the proportion;
A2) then adding other components and the other half amount of water, vibrating and stirring, and molding to obtain the product.
More preferably, in step a2), the molding is selected from one of press molding or cast molding.
As described above, the fully recycled concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the fully recycled concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the adopted continuous graded recycled aggregate comprises the recycled coarse aggregate, the recycled fine aggregate and the active recycled micro powder, the grading is controllable, programming can be carried out according to the grading requirement of the recycled aggregate, and the fully recycled concrete is wide in applicability and strong in flexibility.
(2) According to the fully recycled concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the energy consumption in the production process of the fully recycled concrete is greatly reduced, the screening process of recycled aggregate production is omitted, the mixing process of aggregates with different particle size grades is omitted, the arrangement of a storage bin is reduced, and the efficiency of a mixing plant is improved.
(3) The prepared fully recycled concrete fully exerts the filling effect of complete gradation, including the micro aggregate filling effect of the recycled micro powder, and exerts the volcanic ash activity of the recycled micro powder, wherein the total mixing amount of the recycled materials can reach 95 percent at most, and the large mixing amount of the recycled materials is realized, thereby being beneficial to promoting the full utilization of the solid waste resources of the building.
(4) According to the fully recycled concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, a two-stage stirring method is adopted in the mixing process, so that the dispersion uniformity degree of materials with various particle sizes and the dispersion degree of cement are improved, and the advantages of continuous graded materials are fully exerted, so that the void ratio of the fully recycled concrete is reduced, and the aim of improving the strength is fulfilled.
(5) The fully recycled concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention can utilize the building solid waste to the maximum extent, and reduce the energy consumption of firstly screening and then mixing concrete in the process of recycling the building solid waste.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the overall workflow of an intelligent crushing integrated system for continuously graded recycled aggregate according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary crushing device in the intelligent crushing integrated system for continuous graded recycled aggregate according to the present invention, wherein A is a fixed roller; b is a sliding roller; c is a pair roller center distance adjusting slide block; d is a motor.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an analysis example of the gradation of recycled aggregate particles.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of an intelligent crushing integrated system for continuously graded recycled aggregate according to the invention, wherein 1 is a feeding device; 2 is a primary crushing device; 3 is a screening device; 4 is a first transmission device; 41 is a first transfer unit; 42 is a lower chute; 5 is a sorting device; 6 is a secondary crushing device; 7 is a sampling and dispersing device; 8 is an image acquisition device; 9 is a controller; 10 is a dust collecting device; 11 is a second transmission device; 12 is a belt scale; 13 is a storage bin; 14 is a blocky impurity stack chamber; and 15 is a muck impurity piling chamber.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 4. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of continuous graded recycled aggregate, which is prepared by adopting an intelligent crushing integrated system of the continuous graded recycled aggregate and comprises the following steps:
1) inputting the building solid waste raw material into a primary crushing device for crushing through a feeding device, and screening out dregs and impurities from the crushed building solid waste raw material through a screening device to obtain a material a;
2) conveying the material a to a secondary crushing device through a first conveying device for crushing, and sorting out blocky impurities in the material a through a sorting device to obtain a material b;
3) respectively conveying the material b to a sampling dispersing device and a belt scale through a second conveying device, vibrating and dispersing the material b conveyed to the sampling dispersing device to enable the material b to be tiled, acquiring image information of grading of particles of the material b through an image acquisition device, obtaining the grading condition of the particles of the material b after the grading condition is judged by a controller, feeding the grading condition back to a secondary crushing device to adjust crushing parameters, and crushing the material b;
4) and repeating the step 3), thereby obtaining the required recycled aggregate with target gradation.
The intelligent crushing integrated system for the continuous graded recycled aggregate is sequentially provided with a feeding device, a primary crushing device, a screening device, a first transmission device, a secondary crushing device and a second transmission device along the feeding direction of aggregate crushing as shown in figures 1 and 4, wherein the first transmission device is externally provided with a sorting device for sorting blocky impurities in the aggregate, the second transmission device is respectively communicated with a sampling dispersion device and a belt scale, the secondary crushing device is externally provided with a dust collecting device, the sampling dispersion device is externally provided with an image collecting device, the image collecting device is externally provided with a controller, and the controller is respectively in signal connection with the image collecting device, the secondary crushing device and the dust collecting device.
In a preferred embodiment, the feeding device is sequentially provided with a raw material bin and a feeding machine along a feeding direction, the raw material bin is connected with the feeding machine through a conveying belt conveyor, and a feeding port of the feeding machine is located above a feeding port of the primary crushing device.
In practical use, the raw material bin is a storage bin for placing aggregate conventionally.
In practical use, the feeding machine is a feeding machine which is conventionally used in the field of buildings. Particularly, the feeding machine is a groove type vibration feeding machine.
In a preferred embodiment, the primary crushing device is a jaw crusher. Further, the jaw crusher is selected from one of a compound pendulum jaw crusher, an external moving jaw crusher or a vibrating jaw crusher. In particular, the jaw crusher is a PE-600X 750 type jaw crusher.
In a preferred embodiment, the screening device is a vibrating screen. The vibrating screen is a vibrating screen which is conventionally used in the field of buildings. The vibrating screen can screen out dregs and impurities in the aggregates crushed by the primary crushing device.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a muck impurity dump chamber is arranged below the screening device. Can store the dregs and impurities in the aggregate which is screened by the vibrating screen after being crushed by the primary crushing device.
In a preferred embodiment, the first conveying device is provided with a first conveying unit and a lower chute in sequence along the conveying direction, the feeding end of the first conveying unit is connected with the screening device, the discharging end of the first conveying unit is connected with the inlet of the lower chute, and the outlet of the lower chute is connected with the feeding hole of the secondary crushing device.
In actual use, the first transfer unit is a conveyor belt conveyor. The belt conveyor is a conventionally used belt conveyor.
In practical use, the first transfer unit has a transfer speed of 0.1-0.3m/s, preferably 0.2 m/s.
In a preferred embodiment, the sorting device is an intelligent jet sorting apparatus. Specifically, the intelligent jet sorting equipment is gas jet dot matrix type sorting equipment based on X-ray imaging sorting.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the sorting means is provided at one side of the lower chute of the first transferring apparatus, and the sorting means is used for ejecting the lump impurities in the aggregates moving along the lower chute into the lump impurity pile chamber. The lump impurity pile chamber can store the lump impurities in the aggregate.
In actual use, the sorting rate of the sorting device is matched to the transport speed of the first transport unit. In particular, the sorting rate of the sorting device is 0.1-0.3m/s, preferably 0.2 m/s.
In a preferred embodiment, the secondary crushing device is a double roll crusher. Particularly, the double-roll crusher comprises a shell, a linked fixed roll and a linked sliding roll are arranged in the shell, the fixed roll is fixed in the shell, two ends of the fixed roll penetrate through two sides of the shell, two ends of the sliding roll are arranged in sliding rails with openings at two sides of the shell, a double-roll center distance adjusting slider is connected outside the sliding roll, and the double-roll center distance adjusting slider slides along the sliding rails to drive the sliding roll to move. Thereby controlling the particle size range and the proportion of the produced aggregate.
In practical use, a motor is arranged outside the pair-roller center distance adjusting slide block, and the motor is connected with the pair-roller center distance adjusting slide block to drive the pair-roller center distance adjusting slide block to slide in the slide rail. In particular, the motor is a conventionally used servo motor.
The controller is used for sending a driving signal to the motor so as to drive the double-roller center distance adjusting slider to drive the sliding roller to move through the motor, and the holding time of the double-roller center distance is adjusted. The proportion of the recycled aggregate with each grain diameter is controlled by different holding time of the center distance of the roller. The controller is a computer central control system and is used for carrying out iterative correction on the crushing program based on the crushing condition. The length of the maintaining time of the center distance of the pair rollers can be pre-programmed in the controller and adjusted by matching with the result feedback controller.
In actual use, the sliding roller is a single-side sliding roller. The sliding roller is used for controlling the center distance of the counter roller. Specifically, the continuous change interval of the center distance of the pair rollers is 0.1-150 mm. Thereby correspondingly producing the recycled aggregate with the grain diameter lower than the center distance of the pair roller.
In a preferred embodiment, the second transmission device is a two-way chute, a feed inlet of the two-way chute is located below a discharge port of the second-stage crushing device, the two-way chute comprises a discharge port a and a discharge port b, the discharge port a is matched with the position of the sampling and dispersing device, a belt scale is arranged outside the discharge port b, and the belt scale is matched with the discharge port b. The position matching of the discharge port a and the sampling and dispersing device means that the broken aggregates in the discharge port a can smoothly fall onto the sampling and dispersing device. The belt weigher is matched with the discharge hole b, namely, the broken aggregates at the discharge hole b can smoothly fall onto the belt weigher.
In practical use, the sampling interval of the bi-pass chute is less than or equal to 15min, the opening time is 20-40s, and the sampling quantity in a single test is 50-100 g. The discharge port of the bi-pass chute adopts a timing switch, is opened at sampling intervals, and randomly samples from the material to obtain a test sample for image analysis.
In practical use, the belt weigher is externally connected with a storage bin. Used for storing the crushed aggregate.
In practical use, the precision of the belt weigher is +/-0.25%, and the transportation amount is more than or equal to 200 t/h.
In a preferred embodiment, the sample distribution apparatus is a vibratory lay-flat platform. The vibration flat laying platform is a vibration platform which is used conventionally. The sampling and dispersing device can be used for tiling and dispersing the falling materials, so that the precision of the image shooting and grading identification process of the image acquisition device is guaranteed.
In practical use, the vibration frequency of the vibration flat laying platform is 0.1-5Hz, and the vibration duration is 30-60 s.
In a preferred embodiment, the dust collecting device is a filter bag type dust collector. The dust collecting device is used for treating dusty airflow, dust in the dusty airflow enters the powder bin to be placed, and clean air after dust collection is discharged.
When the dust collecting device collects dust, the controller receives a broken data signal sent by the image acquisition device, and sends a dust collecting signal to regulate and control a pulse valve of the dust collector according to different sizes of broken aggregate particles, so that compressed air in the dust collector enters the filter bag to enable the filter bag to expand instantly, and dust is shaken off along with the reverse action of air flow. In actual operation, in the broken data collected by the image acquisition device, the smaller the particle size of broken aggregate is, the higher the dust collection wind speed and the starting frequency of the pulse valve of the corresponding dust collection device are, so that the dust collection efficiency is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the image acquisition device is a camera.
The controller is used for receiving image signals collected by the image collecting device and then distinguishing the image signals, and the secondary crushing device is adjusted through the motor. A recycled aggregate particle grading analysis algorithm is arranged in the controller, and the grading of the crushed recycled aggregate can be fed back in real time, so that the crushing parameters of the secondary crushing device are adjusted to achieve the target grading.
In practical use, the camera is a normal digital camera or an industrial camera.
In actual use, the resolution of the camera is more than 200 tens of thousands of pixels. So as to improve the working efficiency of the monitoring system.
The controller is a conventionally used controller. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the calculation, comparison, judgment and instruction output processes of the controller can be implemented by using integrated circuit modules, programmable logic devices, other hardware or installing corresponding software modules in the prior art.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step 1), the recycled aggregate is input into the feeder from the raw material bin through the conveyor belt conveyor and is input into the primary crushing device by the feeder.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 1), the primary crushing device is crushed by a jaw crusher. The feeding granularity of the primary crushing device is 400-600mm, the discharging granularity is 150-200mm, and the crushing treatment capacity is 80-240 t/h.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 1), the primary crushing device crushes the construction solid waste raw material to less than 200mm, preferably to less than 150mm and 200 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 1), the screening device is a vibrating screen, and the aperture of the screen mesh of the vibrating screen is less than or equal to 10 mm.
In the step 1), the material a is a crushed concrete block material after residue soil impurities are screened out.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the material a is conveyed from the lower chute to the secondary crushing device via the first conveyor unit.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the bulk impurities are crushed concrete bulk materials after screening bulk materials with too low density by material type classification based on density. Such as wood or the like.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the secondary crushing device is crushed by a double-roll crusher.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step 3), the material b is respectively conveyed to a sampling and dispersing device and a belt scale through a double-pass chute.
In practical use, the material b is conveyed to the sampling and dispersing device through the discharge hole a of the double-pass chute and conveyed to the belt weigher through the discharge hole b of the double-pass chute.
In practical use, the material b is conveyed to the storage bin by the belt weigher.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the vibration frequency of the sampling and dispersing device is 0.1-5Hz, and the vibration time duration is 30-60 seconds.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the controller determines that the process includes the following steps:
A) converting the image collected by the image collection device into a gray image;
B) searching an optimal segmentation value by adopting an optimal threshold segmentation algorithm, and converting the gray level image into a binary image;
C) eliminating small particles in the particles of the material b by adopting opening operation;
D) calculating the area and the diameter of the particles of the material b;
E) analyzing the morphology of the particles of the material b, and removing misjudged particles;
F) and making an aggregate grading curve of the material b particles, and judging the grading condition of the material b particles.
In actual use, a computer program is stored in the controller, and when the computer program is executed, the computer program can realize image identification of the image acquisition device, calculate the area and the diameter of the material b particles and judge the grading condition of the material b particles.
In practical use, in step a), the image is an RGB image obtained by shooting.
In practical use, in step a), the gray scale level of the gray scale image is selected from one of 8 levels, 16 levels or 32 levels.
In practical use, in the step B), the optimal threshold segmentation algorithm determines the gray threshold by using a maximum inter-class variance method. The optimal threshold segmentation algorithm is used for performing binarization processing on the image according to the optimal segmentation threshold and the mean value and the variance of the gray level in the image to segment the recycled aggregate particles and the background.
In practical use, the opening operation defined as erosion followed by dilation in step C) is a fundamental morphological noise elimination module in the field of computer vision and image processing.
In practical use, in step C), the small particles are dust.
In practical use, in the step D), pixel point counting statistics is adopted for the area and diameter statistics of the particles of the material b. The diameter of the particles of the material b is an equivalent diameter, i.e., a circular diameter calculated based on the area.
In practical use, in step E), the misjudged particles are particles containing holes inside or sticky particles with a ratio of minimum diameter to maximum diameter being too small.
In practical use, in step E), the misjudged particles are filtered by a morphological filter. The morphological filter can identify, separate and filter adhered particles in an image so as to improve the identification precision of the profile information gradation of the recycled aggregate. The contour information extraction firstly extracts the roundness of the recycled aggregate particles, and eliminates the influence of the sticky particles on the particle size distribution statistics based on the particle roundness. And (4) carrying out statistics on the equivalent particle size and the number of the recycled aggregate particles after removing the sticky particles.
Further, the morphological filter is a Watersged filter.
In practical use, in step F), the aggregate grading curve of the particles of material b is represented by the particle size on the x-axis and the volume percentage of particles of different sizes on the y-axis. See in particular fig. 3.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the grading condition of the particles of the material b is fed back to the secondary crushing device to adjust the crushing parameters, and the method comprises the following steps:
a) setting N particle size ranges of the particles, and setting corresponding N pair roller center distances s in a secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is the center distance between N paired rollersi
b) Determining the volume proportion of target particles in N particle size ranges according to the target gradation of the needed recycled aggregate, and determining the corresponding central distance time ratio of N pairs of rollers in a secondary crushing device;
c) according to the grading condition of the material b particles, volume proportions of the material b particles and the target particles in N particle size ranges are compared, and the corresponding central distance holding ratio of N pairs of rollers is adjusted in a secondary crushing device.
In actual use, the set N value is 4-8.
In practical use, in step a), when the value of N is 5, the particle size ranges of the particles respectively include A(s)4-s5mm)、B(s3-s4mm)、C(s2-s3mm)、D(s1-s2mm)、E(<s1mm); the center distance of the pair of rollers comprises five grades I-V: class I center distance of s1Class II center distance of s2Class III center-to-center distance s3The IV-grade center distance is s4The V-class center distance is s5. (ii) a The center distance of the pair of rollers comprises five grades I-V: center distance of class I is tIAnd when the center distance of class II is held as tIIThe center-to-center distance of class III is tIIIThe center distance of IV stage is tIVThe center distance of V is tV
Specific examples of the roll center distance include five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 2-3mm, the center distance of the II grade is 4-5mm, the center distance of the III grade is 7-9mm, the center distance of the IV grade is 15-17mm, and the center distance of the V grade is 24-26 mm. (ii) a The center distance of the roller pair comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 0.5-1.5min, the center distance of the II grade is 0.5-1.5min, the center distance of the III grade is 1.5-2.5min, the center distance of the IV grade is 2.5-3.5min, and the center distance of the V grade is 4.5-5.5 min.
The center distance s of the pair rolleriAnd t is held at the center distance of the pair rolleriThe center distance s of the pair roller is the crushing parameter of the secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is held at the center distance of the pair rolleriThe grading requirement of the crushed aggregate and the control and determination of the crushing cost need to be comprehensively considered.
In practical use, in the step b), when the value of N is 5, the volume ratio occupied by the target particles in the N particle size ranges is a: b: c: d: e, and the ratio of the center distance of the N pairs of rollers corresponds to formula (1), wherein the formula (1) is as follows: a, b, c, d, e and tI:(tI+tII):(tI+tII+tIII):(tI+tII+tIII+tIV):(tI+tII+tIII+tIV+tV)。
In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the controller discriminates the image signal acquired by the image acquisition device and then sends a motor driving signal to the motor, and the motor drives the motor to adjust the crushing parameters of the secondary crushing device.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 3), the image information collected by the image collecting device is judged by the controller and then fed back to the secondary crushing device to adjust the time interval of the crushing parameters to be less than or equal to 10 min.
Example 1
The construction solid waste raw materials are input into a feeder from a raw material bin through a conveyor belt conveyor and input into a jaw crusher for crushing through the feeder, the jaw crusher is a PE-600 x 750 type jaw crusher, the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher is 600mm and preferably 500mm, the discharging granularity of the jaw crusher is 200mm and preferably 180mm, and the crushing treatment capacity is 80-240t/h and preferably 160 t/h.
And (3) screening out dregs and impurities from the crushed building solid waste raw materials by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material a with dregs screened out. And then the material a is conveyed to a double-roll crusher at a constant speed of 0.2m/s by a conveyor belt conveyor through a lower chute to be crushed, so as to obtain a material b. And the blocky impurities are sorted by intelligent spraying and sorting equipment, the blocky materials with low density are distinguished based on the material types of the density and screened out and are sent to a blocky impurity stacking chamber, and the sorting speed is 0.2 m/s.
And the materials b are respectively conveyed to the vibration flat laying platform and the belt weigher through the bi-pass chute. The sampling interval of the two-way chute is 5min, and the sampling quantity of a single test is 100 g. The vibration frequency of the vibration flat laying platform is 2Hz, and the vibration duration is 30 seconds. And an image acquisition device acquires the image information of the grain composition of the material b, wherein the image acquisition device adopts a common digital camera or an industrial camera. The controller distinguishing process comprises the following steps: converting an RGB image into a 32-level gray image, searching an optimal segmentation value by adopting an optimal threshold segmentation algorithm, converting the gray image into a binary image, eliminating small particles such as dust in particles of a material b by adopting open operation, calculating the area and the maximum and minimum diameter of the particles of the material b, analyzing the morphology of the particles, removing misjudgment particles with holes inside and particles with small minimum diameter and small maximum diameter ratio (adhered particles), making an aggregate grading curve of the particles of the material b, and judging the grading condition of the particles of the material b.
Then, 5 particle size ranges of the particles are set, and corresponding 5 roll-to-roll center distances s are set in the secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is the center distance between 5 pairs of rollersiThe particle size ranges of the particles respectively comprise A (16-25mm), B (8-16mm), C (5-8mm), D (2.5-5mm) and E (<2.5 mm); the center distance of the corresponding pair roller comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 2.5mm, the center distance of the II grade is 5mm, the center distance of the III grade is 8mm, the center distance of the IV grade is 16mm, and the center distance of the V grade is 25 mm. The center distance of the corresponding pair roller comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 1min, the center distance of the II grade is 1min, the center distance of the III grade is 2min, the center distance of the IV grade is 3min, and the center distance of the V grade is 5 min.
According to the target gradation of the needed recycled aggregate, determining the volume ratio of target particles in 5 particle size ranges respectively, and determining the corresponding ratio of the center distance between 5 pairs of rollers in a secondary crushing device, wherein the volume ratio of the target particles in N particle size ranges respectively is 1:2:4:7:12, the ratio of the center distance between the corresponding 5 pairs of rollers meets the formula (1), and the formula (1) is as follows: 1:2:4:7:12 ═ 1 (1+1): 1+1+ 2: (1+1+2+3): 1+1+2+3+ 5.
According to the grading condition of the material b particles, the volume proportion of the material b particles and the volume proportion of the target particles in 5 particle size ranges are compared, a motor driving signal is sent to a motor, the motor drives the motor to adjust the central distance time ratio of N corresponding pair rollers in a secondary crushing device, and after the secondary crushing device adjusts crushing parameters, the material b is conveyed to a pair roller crusher through a lower chute by a conveyor belt conveyor at the speed of 0.2m/s for crushing. And (5) repeating the steps of adjusting the secondary crushing device and then adjusting the crushed material b according to the grading condition of the particles of the material b, and finally obtaining the required continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 1 with the target grading. And conveying the required recycled aggregate with target gradation to a storage bin by a belt scale.
Example 2
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 1 obtained in example 1 was mixed with other components to prepare a sample # 1 of a fully recycled concrete water-stable material. In a sample 1# of the fully recycled concrete water-stable material, the sample 1 of the continuously graded recycled aggregate is 90 percent, the Portland cement is 3 percent, the water is 6.7 percent and the sodium sulfate is 0.3 percent by mass percentage. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 1 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then the mixture is pressed and formed to obtain the composite material.
Example 3
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 1 obtained in example 1 was mixed with other components to prepare a sample # 2 of a fully recycled concrete water-stable material. In the sample 2# of the fully recycled concrete water-stable material, the sample 1 of the continuously graded recycled aggregate is 87.5 percent, the Portland cement is 5 percent, the water is 7.2 percent, and the sodium hydroxide is 0.3 percent by mass percent. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 1 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then the mixture is pressed and formed to obtain the composite material.
Example 4
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 1 obtained in example 1 was mixed with other components to prepare a sample # 3 of a fully recycled concrete water-stable material. In the sample 3# of the fully recycled concrete water-stable material, the sample 1 of the continuously graded recycled aggregate is 85% by mass, the Portland cement is 7% by mass, the water is 7.7% by mass, and the calcium hydroxide is 0.3% by mass. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 1 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then the mixture is pressed and formed to obtain the composite material.
Example 5
The construction solid waste raw materials are input into a feeder from a raw material bin through a conveyor belt conveyor and input into a jaw crusher for crushing through the feeder, the jaw crusher is a PE-600 x 750 type jaw crusher, the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher is 400-600mm, preferably 400mm, the discharging granularity of the jaw crusher is 150-200mm, preferably 150mm, and the crushing treatment capacity is 80-240t/h, preferably 80 t/h.
And (3) screening out dregs and impurities from the crushed building solid waste raw materials by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material a with dregs screened out. And then the material a is conveyed to a double-roll crusher at a constant speed of 0.2m/s by a conveyor belt conveyor through a lower chute to be crushed, so as to obtain a material b. And the blocky impurities are sorted by intelligent spraying and sorting equipment, the blocky materials with low density are distinguished based on the material types of the density and screened out and are sent to a blocky impurity stacking chamber, and the sorting speed is 0.2 m/s.
And the materials b are respectively conveyed to the vibration flat laying platform and the belt weigher through the bi-pass chute. The sampling interval of the two-way chute is 5min, and the sampling quantity of a single test is 100 g. The vibration frequency of the vibration flat laying platform is 2Hz, and the vibration duration is 30 seconds. And an image acquisition device acquires the image information of the grain composition of the material b, wherein the image acquisition device adopts a common digital camera or an industrial camera. The controller distinguishing process comprises the following steps: converting an RGB image into a 32-level gray image, searching an optimal segmentation value by adopting an optimal threshold segmentation algorithm, converting the gray image into a binary image, eliminating small particles such as dust in particles of a material b by adopting open operation, calculating the area and the maximum and minimum diameter of the particles of the material b, analyzing the morphology of the particles, removing misjudgment particles with holes inside and particles with small minimum diameter and small maximum diameter ratio (adhered particles), making an aggregate grading curve of the particles of the material b, and judging the grading condition of the particles of the material b.
Then, 5 particle size ranges of the particles are set, and corresponding 5 roll-to-roll center distances s are set in the secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is the center distance between 5 pairs of rollersiThe particle size ranges of the particles respectively comprise A (16-25mm), B (8-16mm), C (5-8mm), D (2.5-5mm) and E (<2.5 mm); the center distance of the corresponding pair roller comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 2.5mm, the center distance of the II grade is 5mm, the center distance of the III grade is 8mm, the center distance of the IV grade is 16mm, and the center distance of the V grade is 25 mm. The center distance of the corresponding pair roller comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of I grade is 0.5min, the center distance of II grade is 0.5min, and the center distance of III grade is 0.5minThe holding time is 1.5min, the holding time of the IV-grade center distance is 2.5min, and the holding time of the V-grade center distance is 0 min.
According to the target gradation of the needed recycled aggregate, determining the volume ratio of target particles in 5 particle size ranges respectively, and determining the corresponding ratio of the center distance between 5 pairs of rollers in a secondary crushing device, wherein the volume ratio of the target particles in N particle size ranges respectively is 1:2:4:9:9, the ratio of the center distance between the corresponding 5 pairs of rollers accords with a formula (1), and the formula (1) is as follows: 1:2:4:9:9 ═ 0.5 (0.5+0.5): 0.5+0.5+ 1.5: (0.5+0.5+1.5+2.5): 0.5+0.5+1.5+2.5+ 0.
According to the grading condition of the material b particles, the volume proportion of the material b particles and the volume proportion of the target particles in 5 particle size ranges are compared, a motor driving signal is sent to a motor, the motor drives the motor to adjust the central distance time ratio of N corresponding pair rollers in a secondary crushing device, and after the secondary crushing device adjusts crushing parameters, the material b is conveyed to a pair roller crusher through a lower chute by a conveyor belt conveyor at the speed of 0.2m/s for crushing. And (5) repeating the steps of adjusting the secondary crushing device and then adjusting the crushed material b according to the grading condition of the particles of the material b, and finally obtaining the required recycled aggregate sample 2 with target grading. And conveying the required recycled aggregate with target gradation to a storage bin by a belt scale.
Example 6
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 2 obtained in example 5 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled low strength concrete sample # 4. In the fully recycled low-strength concrete sample 4#, the continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 2, the common salt cement, the water and the naphthalene-based superplasticizer are respectively 84%, 7%, 8.8% and 0.2% by mass. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 2 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then the mixture is pressed and formed to obtain the composite material.
Example 7
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 2 obtained in example 5 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled concrete low strength concrete sample # 5. In the sample 5# of the fully recycled concrete low-strength concrete, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 2, the common salt cement, the water and the naphthalene-based superplasticizer are 81%, 9.8% and 0.2%, respectively. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 2 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then the mixture is pressed and formed to obtain the composite material.
Example 8
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 2 obtained in example 5 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled low strength concrete sample # 6. In the fully recycled low-strength concrete sample No. 6, the continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 2 is 78%, the ordinary salt cement is 11%, the water is 10.8%, and the naphthalene-based superplasticizer is 0.2% by mass. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 2 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then the mixture is pressed and formed to obtain the composite material.
Example 9
The construction solid waste raw materials are input into a feeder from a raw material bin through a conveyor belt conveyor and input into a jaw crusher for crushing through the feeder, the jaw crusher is a PE-600 x 750 type jaw crusher, the feeding granularity of the jaw crusher is 600mm, preferably 600mm, the discharging granularity of the jaw crusher is 150mm, 200mm, preferably 200mm, and the crushing treatment capacity is 80-240t/h, preferably 240 t/h.
And (3) screening out dregs and impurities from the crushed building solid waste raw materials by using a vibrating screen to obtain a material a with dregs screened out. And then the material a is conveyed to a double-roll crusher at a constant speed of 0.2m/s by a conveyor belt conveyor through a lower chute to be crushed, so as to obtain a material b. And the blocky impurities are sorted by intelligent spraying and sorting equipment, the blocky materials with low density are distinguished based on the material types of the density and screened out and are sent to a blocky impurity stacking chamber, and the sorting speed is 0.2 m/s.
And the materials b are respectively conveyed to the vibration flat laying platform and the belt weigher through the bi-pass chute. The sampling interval of the two-way chute is 5min, and the sampling quantity of a single test is 100 g. The vibration frequency of the vibration flat laying platform is 2Hz, and the vibration duration is 30 seconds. And an image acquisition device acquires the image information of the grain composition of the material b, wherein the image acquisition device adopts a common digital camera or an industrial camera. The controller distinguishing process comprises the following steps: converting an RGB image into a 32-level gray image, searching an optimal segmentation value by adopting an optimal threshold segmentation algorithm, converting the gray image into a binary image, eliminating small particles such as dust in particles of a material b by adopting open operation, calculating the area and the maximum and minimum diameter of the particles of the material b, analyzing the morphology of the particles, removing misjudgment particles with holes inside and particles with small minimum diameter and small maximum diameter ratio (adhered particles), making an aggregate grading curve of the particles of the material b, and judging the grading condition of the particles of the material b.
Then, 5 particle size ranges of the particles are set, and corresponding 5 roll-to-roll center distances s are set in the secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is the center distance between 5 pairs of rollersiThe particle size ranges of the particles respectively comprise A (16-25mm), B (8-16mm), C (5-8mm), D (2.5-5mm) and E (<2.5 mm); the center distance of the corresponding pair roller comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 2.5mm, the center distance of the II grade is 5mm, the center distance of the III grade is 8mm, the center distance of the IV grade is 16mm, and the center distance of the V grade is 25 mm. The center distance of the corresponding pair roller comprises five grades I-V: the center distance of the I grade is 1.5min, the center distance of the II grade is 1.5min, the center distance of the III grade is 2.5min, the center distance of the IV grade is 3.5min, and the center distance of the V grade is 5.5 min.
According to the target gradation of the needed recycled aggregate, determining the volume ratio of the target particles in 5 particle size ranges respectively, and determining the corresponding ratio of the center distance between 5 pairs of rollers in a secondary crushing device, wherein the volume ratio of the target particles in N particle size ranges respectively is 3:6:11:18:29, the ratio of the center distance between the corresponding 5 pairs of rollers meets the formula (1), and the formula (1) is as follows: 3:6:11:18: 29: 1.5 (1.5+1.5): 1.5+1.5+ 2.5: (1.5+1.5+2.5+3.5): 1.5+1.5+2.5+3.5+ 5.5).
According to the grading condition of the material b particles, the volume proportion of the material b particles and the volume proportion of the target particles in 5 particle size ranges are compared, a motor driving signal is sent to a motor, the motor drives the motor to adjust the central distance time ratio of N corresponding pair rollers in a secondary crushing device, and after the secondary crushing device adjusts crushing parameters, the material b is conveyed to a pair roller crusher through a lower chute by a conveyor belt conveyor at the speed of 0.2m/s for crushing. And (4) repeating the step of adjusting the crushed material b after the secondary crushing device is fed back and adjusted according to the grading condition of the particles of the material b, and finally obtaining the required recycled aggregate sample with target grading # 3. And conveying the required recycled aggregate with target gradation to a storage bin by a belt scale.
Example 10
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 3 obtained in example 9 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled medium strength concrete sample # 7. In the fully recycled medium-strength concrete sample 7#, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 3, the portland cement, the water and the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent are respectively 77.9%, 11% and 0.1% in percentage by mass. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 3 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then pouring molding is carried out, so that the recycled aggregate is obtained.
Example 11
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 3 obtained in example 9 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled medium strength concrete sample # 8. In the fully recycled medium-strength concrete sample No. 8, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 3 is 74.9 percent, the portland cement is 13 percent, the water is 12 percent, and the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 0.1 percent by mass percentage. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 3 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then pouring molding is carried out, so that the recycled aggregate is obtained.
Example 12
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 3 obtained in example 9 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled medium strength concrete sample # 9. In the fully recycled medium-strength concrete sample 9#, the continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 3, the portland cement, the water and the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent are 71.9%, 15%, 13% and 0.1%, respectively, in percentage by mass. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 3 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then pouring molding is carried out, so that the recycled aggregate is obtained.
Example 13
The continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 3 obtained in example 9 was mixed with other components to prepare a fully recycled medium strength concrete sample # 10. In the fully recycled medium-strength concrete sample 10#, the continuously graded recycled aggregate sample 3 is 72.85%, the portland cement is 15%, the water is 12%, and the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 0.15% by mass percentage. During the specific preparation, the continuous graded recycled aggregate sample 3 and half of the amount of water are added according to the proportion for stirring, then other components and the other half of the amount of water are added for vibration stirring, and then pouring molding is carried out, so that the recycled aggregate is obtained.
The continuous graded recycled aggregate prepared in the embodiments 1, 5 and 9 has reasonable grading and accurate component preparation, has important significance for guaranteeing the performance of recycled concrete with various functions, can reduce the energy consumption in the production and application of the recycled aggregate by more than 15 percent, saves the screening link in the traditional aggregate preparation method, and correspondingly simplifies the aggregate mixing flow in construction.
Samples No. 1 to No. 9 of the fully recycled concrete materials prepared in examples 2 to 4, 6 to 8 and 10 to 12 were subjected to radial 28-day strength test by preparing cubic test pieces according to the concrete strength test evaluation standard (GBT50107-2010), and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Name (R) 1# 2# 3# 4# 5# 6# 7# 8# 9# 10#
Strength (MPa) 3.3 5.5 7.3 15.4 23.2 34.5 28.2 35.4 48.3 53.5
As can be seen from Table 1, the fully recycled concrete prepared by the invention fully exerts the filling effect of complete gradation, including the micro-aggregate filling effect of the recycled micro-powder, exerts the pozzolanic activity of the recycled micro-powder and reduces the cement consumption, wherein the total mixing amount of the recycled materials can reach 95% at most, and realizes the large mixing amount of the recycled materials; the strength can reach the standard of C15-C50 concrete. The fully recycled concrete has wide application range; and the energy consumption of firstly screening and then mixing in the process of recycling the solid waste of the building is reduced, the solid waste of the building can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the application of the solid waste of the building in the fields of water-stable materials, floor mortar, plastering mortar, baking-free bricks, floor concrete, road concrete, structural concrete and the like is realized by adjusting the gradation, so that the full utilization of the solid waste of the building is promoted.
Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The fully recycled concrete material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
70-90% of continuous graded recycled aggregate;
3-15% of cement;
7 to 15 percent of water
0-0.3% of excitant;
0 to 0.2 percent of additive.
2. A fully recycled concrete material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising any one or more of the following conditions:
A1) the cement is selected from one of ordinary portland cement or portland cement;
A2) the excitant is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or sodium sulfate;
A3) the additive is selected from one of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent or naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent.
3. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 1, wherein when the fully recycled concrete is a water-stable material, the amount of cement is 3-7%; when the fully recycled concrete is low-strength concrete, the using amount of cement is 7-11%; when the fully recycled concrete is medium-strength concrete, the using amount of the cement is 11-15%.
4. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 1, wherein the continuously graded recycled aggregate is prepared by adopting an intelligent crushing integrated system of the continuously graded recycled aggregate, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) inputting the building solid waste raw material into a primary crushing device for crushing through a feeding device, and screening out dregs and impurities from the crushed building solid waste raw material through a screening device to obtain a material a;
2) conveying the material a to a secondary crushing device through a first conveying device for crushing, and sorting out blocky impurities in the material a through a sorting device to obtain a material b;
3) respectively conveying the material b to a sampling dispersing device and a belt scale through a second conveying device, vibrating and dispersing the material b conveyed to the sampling dispersing device to enable the material b to be tiled, acquiring image information of grading of particles of the material b through an image acquisition device, obtaining the grading condition of the particles of the material b after the grading condition is judged by a controller, feeding the grading condition back to a secondary crushing device to adjust crushing parameters, and crushing the material b;
4) and repeating the step 3), thereby obtaining the required recycled aggregate with target gradation.
5. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 4, wherein the integrated system for intelligently crushing the continuously graded recycled aggregate is sequentially provided with a feeding device (1), a primary crushing device (2), a screening device (3), a first transmission device (4), a secondary crushing device (6) and a second transmission device (11) along the feeding direction of aggregate crushing, the first transmission device (4) is externally provided with a sorting device (5) for sorting the blocky impurities in the aggregate, the second transmission device (11) is respectively communicated with a sampling dispersion device (7) and a belt scale (12), the secondary crushing device (6) is externally provided with a dust collecting device (10), the sampling dispersion device (7) is externally provided with an image collecting device (8), the image collecting device (8) is externally provided with a controller (9), and the controller (9) is respectively connected with the image collecting device (8), The secondary crushing device (6) and the dust collecting device (10) are in signal connection.
6. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 5, wherein said integrated system for smart fragmentation of continuously graded recycled aggregate comprises any one or more of the following conditions:
B1) the feeding device (1) is sequentially provided with a raw material bin and a feeding machine along a feeding direction, the raw material bin is connected with the feeding machine through a conveying belt conveyor, and a feeding port of the feeding machine is positioned above a feeding port of the primary crushing device (2);
B2) the primary crushing device (2) is a jaw crusher;
B3) the screening device (3) is a vibrating screen;
B4) the first conveying device (4) is sequentially provided with a first conveying unit (41) and a lower chute (42) along the conveying direction, the feeding end of the first conveying unit (41) is connected with the screening device (3), the discharging end of the first conveying unit (41) is connected with the inlet of the lower chute (42), and the outlet of the lower chute (42) is connected with the feeding hole of the secondary crushing device (6);
B5) the secondary crushing device (6) is a double-roller crusher;
B6) the second conveying device (11) is a two-way chute, a feed inlet of the two-way chute is positioned below a discharge outlet of the secondary crushing device (6), the two-way chute comprises a discharge outlet a and a discharge outlet b, the discharge outlet a is matched with the position of the sampling and dispersing device (7), a belt scale (12) is arranged outside the discharge outlet b, and the belt scale (12) is matched with the discharge outlet b;
B7) the sampling and dispersing device (7) is a vibration flat laying platform;
B8) the image acquisition device (8) is a camera.
7. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 4, wherein in step 3), the controller-determined process comprises the following steps:
A) converting the image collected by the image collection device into a gray image;
B) searching an optimal segmentation value by adopting an optimal threshold segmentation algorithm, and converting the gray level image into a binary image;
C) eliminating small particles in the particles of the material b by adopting opening operation;
D) calculating the area and the diameter of the particles of the material b;
E) analyzing the morphology of the particles of the material b, and removing misjudged particles;
F) and making an aggregate grading curve of the material b particles, and judging the grading condition of the material b particles.
8. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 4, wherein in the step 3), the grading condition of the material b particles is fed back to a secondary crushing device to adjust crushing parameters, and the method comprises the following steps:
a) setting N particle size ranges of the particles, and setting corresponding N pair roller center distances s in a secondary crushing deviceiAnd t is the center distance between N paired rollersi
b) Determining the volume proportion of target particles in N particle size ranges according to the target gradation of the needed recycled aggregate, and determining the corresponding central distance time ratio of N pairs of rollers in a secondary crushing device;
c) according to the grading condition of the material b particles, volume proportions of the material b particles and the target particles in N particle size ranges are compared, and the corresponding central distance holding ratio of N pairs of rollers is adjusted in a secondary crushing device.
9. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 8, wherein in step a), when the value of N is 5, the particle size ranges of said particles respectively comprise A: s4-s5mm、B:s3-s4mm、C:s2-s3mm、D:s1-s2mm、E:
<s1mm; the center distance of the pair of rollers comprises five grades I-V: class I center distance of s1Class II center distance of s2Class III center-to-center distance s3The IV-grade center distance is s4The V-class center distance is s5. (ii) a The center distance of the pair of rollers comprises five grades I-V: center distance of class I is tIAnd when the center distance of class II is held as tIIThe center-to-center distance of class III is tIIIThe center distance of IV stage is tIVThe center distance of V is tV
10. The fully recycled concrete material of claim 8, wherein in the step b), when the value of N is 5, the volume ratio of the target particles in the N particle size ranges is a: b: c: d: e, and the ratio of the N pairs of roller center-to-center distances corresponds to the formula (1), wherein the formula (1) is as follows: a, b, c, d, e and tI:tI+tII:tI+tII+tIII:tI+tII+tIII+tIV:tI+tII+tIII+tIV+tV
11. A method of preparing a fully recycled concrete material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the steps of:
A1) stirring the continuously graded recycled aggregate and half of the amount of water according to the proportion;
A2) then adding other components and the other half amount of water, vibrating and stirring, and molding to obtain the product.
CN201911408694.1A 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 Fully recycled concrete and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN113121165B (en)

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