CN113121160B - Silica sand water permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silica sand water permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113121160B CN113121160B CN202110441560.0A CN202110441560A CN113121160B CN 113121160 B CN113121160 B CN 113121160B CN 202110441560 A CN202110441560 A CN 202110441560A CN 113121160 B CN113121160 B CN 113121160B
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- permeable brick
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
- B28C5/402—Methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
- B28C5/404—Pre-treatment of fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a silica sand water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the silica sand water permeable brick comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-80 parts of rice hulls; 60 to 120 parts of cement; 100 to 180 parts of stones; 300 to 500 parts of silica sand; 3 to 8 parts of dodecanoic acid isopropanolamide; 2 to 5 parts of nekal powder; 3 to 10 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the water permeable brick, which comprises the following steps: crushing and pretreating rice hulls to obtain the rice hulls with porous structures, and cleaning the rice hulls for later use; step two, placing the rice hulls and the cement in inert gas for calcining for 2 to 5 hours, and cooling to room temperature; step three, adding the rest components into the mixture obtained in the step two, adding a proper amount of water, stirring and pressing to obtain the target water permeable brick; the invention effectively utilizes the calcined C/SiO of the rice hull2The framework is matched with the silica sand, the stones and the cement to form an internal water permeable channel, and the obtained water permeable brick has both water permeability and structural strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water permeable bricks, in particular to a silica sand water permeable brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
CN108675799B discloses a red mud permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, wherein the red mud permeable brick is used as a novel raw material product, and can be applied to paving roads and squares, and the interior of the red mud permeable brick is porous, so that part of precipitation can permeate into the ground. The red mud permeable brick is mainly divided into three main types: the red mud-based water permeable brick has the problems of low strength and the like in the baking-free type, the low-temperature calcination type (350 ℃) and the high-temperature sintering type (1100 ℃ -1200 ℃). According to the red mud permeable brick, the permeable brick body is formed by the red mud glass core, the red mud glass core comprises the red mud particles and the glass layer coated on the outer surface of the red mud particles, and the glass layer effectively coats the red mud particles so that the red mud particles are not easy to return alkali; in addition, the strength of the glass layer is far higher than that of the red mud particles, so that the overall high pressure resistance of the red mud permeable brick can be improved, and the compressive strength can reach 42MPa through tests, so that the durability of the red mud permeable brick is improved compared with the prior art.
The existing permeable brick mostly uses cement, stones and the like, the main component of silica plays a role in improving the structural strength or adhesion, if the cement consumption is too large, the water permeability of the brick is poor, and the too much consumption of the stones easily causes insufficient splitting tensile strength, so that the actual use effect is poor.
The rice hulls are naturally composed of organic carbon and silica, and during the growth of rice,a large amount of silicon element is absorbed from soil in the form of silicic acid and finally is nano SiO2Form of (a) is gathered around the cell wall, and when the rice hulls are pyrolyzed under inert conditions, the C/SiO is obtained without any complex coating2A composite material. How to effectively introduce the silicon dioxide and the organic carbon in the rice hulls into the water permeable brick and give consideration to water permeability and strength is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silica sand permeable brick which is provided with a spontaneously formed water guide channel, effectively ensures water permeability and has excellent structural strength.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a silica sand permeable brick comprises the following components in parts by weight:
preferably comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the invention further preferably selects the rice hulls, the stones, the silica sand, the dodecanoic acid isopropanol amide, the nekal and the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, particularly the calcined rice hulls which form a framework structure of carbon-coated silica, when the calcined rice hulls are soaked in the aqueous solution of the dodecanoic acid isopropanol amide, the continuous stirring is matched, and the cement attached to the surfaces of the rice hulls in the calcining process is mixed with the C/SiO2The skeleton gradually expands to form multi-stage uniform gaps by matching with the silica sand and the stones, so that the water permeability of the obtained permeable brick is effectively ensured, and meanwhile, the skeleton is effectively mixed with cement serving as a binder, and the cement ensures the bonding with the silica sand and the stones, so that the permeable brick has good structural strength and is resistant to compression and folding.
Preferably, the fiber also comprises 5 to 15 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol fiber. The polyvinyl alcohol fiber is uniformly dispersed in the brick body and is used as a framework to play a supporting and connecting role in cooperation with the expanded carbonized rice hulls, and meanwhile, the water permeability of the brick body is effectively improved by the hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl and the like of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
The preferred silica sand particle size distribution range is 20 mesh to 140 mesh. Aiming at the use of silica sand with different grain diameters, the contact between the silica sand and other grain components can easily form water permeable channels with different levels, thereby improving the water permeability of the water permeable brick.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of silica sand water permeable bricks, which effectively utilizes calcined C/SiO of rice hulls2The framework is matched with the silica sand, the stones and the cement to form an internal water permeable channel, and the obtained water permeable brick has both water permeability and structural strength.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a water permeable brick comprises the following steps:
crushing and pretreating rice hulls according to the mass parts to obtain the rice hulls with porous structures, and cleaning the rice hulls for later use;
step two, placing the rice hulls obtained in the step one and the cement in parts by weight in inert gas to calcine for 2 hours to 5 hours, and cooling to room temperature;
and step three, adding silica sand, lauric acid isopropanol amide, nekal and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into the mixture obtained in the step two, adding a proper amount of water, stirring and pressing to obtain the target water permeable brick.
Preferably the rice hulls have a crushed particle size of from 100 μm to 300 μm. The internal limiting structure of the rice hulls is ensured by limiting the crushing grain size of the rice hulls, and the maintenance of the integral structure of the framework is facilitated.
Preferably, the rice hull pretreatment process conditions in the first step are as follows:
adding the crushed rice hulls into a 0.2-0.5M sodium hydroxide solution to be soaked for 8-12 hours;
cleaning to be neutral;
spraying organosilane.
In the invention, the rice hull is soaked in the low-concentration sodium hydroxide solution, so that a certain amount of silicon dioxide is removed, and the coarsening and separation of fibers in the rice hull are facilitated, thereby facilitating the treatment of the rice hullTo obtain C/SiO with certain space scale2And (3) a framework.
The calcination temperature in the second step is preferably 200 to 350 ℃. The calcining temperature used in the invention is relatively low, the initial structure of the rice hull is relatively completely kept, and the formation of the water permeable channel in the water permeable brick is facilitated.
Further preferably, the calcining temperature in the second step is 280 ℃, the calcining time is 4.5 hours, and the water permeable brick prepared by calcining the rice hull framework by the process has the best water permeability and the best structural strength.
Preferably, the carbonized rice hulls obtained by calcining in the second step are added with water and continuously stirred and expanded. The carbonized rice hulls are soaked and expanded to be mixed with cement, silica sand and stones, wherein water is dispersed in the mixture, after solidification and molding, water gradually separates from the brick body, continuous and uniform holes are formed inside the brick body, and the carbonized rice hulls are matched with the silica sand and the stones to form the brick body with stable structure and good water permeability.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the calcined rice hulls form a framework which is uniformly dispersed between silica sand and stones, a plurality of hydrophilic additives effectively ensure that sufficient moisture is uniformly dispersed inside the brick body in the preparation process, when the water permeable brick is cured and dried, the moisture originally dispersed in the mixed material is gradually separated from the brick body, a relatively fixed three-dimensional space structure is formed inside the brick body due to the support of the framework and the particles of various sizes, and when the moisture is separated from the brick body, the internal filling material is shrunk and is matched to form a continuous water permeable channel of the water permeable brick;
according to the invention, the rice hulls which are pretreated are matched with silica sand, stones, dodecanoic acid isopropanol amide, nekal and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to effectively match, so that a supporting structure of a water permeable brick framework is ensured, carbon and silicon dioxide in the rice hulls are effectively provided, and the water permeable brick with good water permeability and structural strength is prepared;
the preparation process disclosed by the invention is simple, the rice hulls serving as the framework are used in a matched manner, the use of raw materials such as cement and silica sand is reduced, and the production cost is reduced;
the water permeable brick can be applied to street surfaces, squares, districts, parking lots, green roads and the like.
Thereby achieving the above object of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a silica sand permeable brick and a preparation method thereof, and the dosage of each substance is shown in table 1 in detail;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
crushing and pretreating rice hulls according to the mass parts to obtain the rice hulls with porous structures, and cleaning the rice hulls for later use;
preferably the rice hulls have a crushed particle size of from 100 μm to 300 μm.
Preferably, the rice hull pretreatment process conditions in the first step are as follows:
adding the crushed rice hulls into a 0.2-0.5M sodium hydroxide solution to be soaked for 8-12 hours;
cleaning to be neutral;
spraying organosilane. The organosilane is a silane coupling agent KH 560.
Step two, calcining the rice hull obtained in the step one in inert gas of the cement in parts by mass for 2 to 5 hours, and cooling to room temperature;
the calcination temperature in the second step is preferably 200 to 350 ℃. The calcining temperature used in the invention is relatively low, the initial structure of the rice hull is relatively completely kept, and the formation of the water permeable channel in the water permeable brick is facilitated.
And step two, adding water into the carbonized rice hulls obtained by calcination, and continuously stirring and expanding.
And step three, adding silica sand, lauric acid isopropanol amide, nekal and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into the mixture obtained in the step two, adding a proper amount of water, stirring and pressing to obtain the target water permeable brick.
The performance test of the water permeable brick obtained by the invention after being cured for 28 days is as follows:
the breaking strength is 13.6MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.05cm/s, and the splitting tensile strength is 15.8 MPa.
The flexural strength and the water permeability coefficient are tested according to the specification in GB/T25993-.
Example 2
The main differences between this example and example 1 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
The performance of the water permeable brick obtained in the embodiment after being cured for 28 days is tested as follows:
the breaking strength is 17.5MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.07cm/s, and the splitting tensile strength is 16.7 MPa.
Example 3
The main differences between this example and example 1 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
The performance of the water permeable brick obtained in the embodiment after being cured for 28 days is tested as follows:
the breaking strength is 18.1MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.07cm/s, and the splitting tensile strength is 18.5 MPa.
Example 4
The main differences between this example and example 1 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
The performance of the water permeable brick obtained in the embodiment after being cured for 28 days is tested as follows:
the breaking strength is 15.8MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.053cm/s, and the splitting tensile strength is 16.4 MPa.
Example 5
The main differences between this example and example 1 are detailed in tables 1 and 2.
The performance of the water permeable brick obtained in the embodiment after being cured for 28 days is tested as follows:
the breaking strength is 13.6MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.05cm/s, and the splitting tensile strength is 15.2 MPa.
Comparative example
The main differences between this example and example 3 are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as example 3.
The performance of the water permeable brick obtained in this example after 28 days of curing was tested as follows:
the breaking strength is 4.4MPa, the water permeability coefficient is 0.02cm/s, and the splitting tensile strength is 3.7 MPa.
TABLE 1 tabulation of raw materials and amounts of water permeable bricks obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative example
Table 2 examples 1 to 5 and comparative example process production parameters
According to the performance indexes of the water permeable bricks obtained by combining the tables 1 and 2, the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative example, the rice hulls are calcined to form a framework which is uniformly dispersed between silica sand and stones, the various hydrophilic additives effectively ensure that sufficient moisture is uniformly dispersed in the brick body in the preparation process, after the water permeable bricks are cured and dried, the moisture originally dispersed in the mixed material is gradually separated from the brick body, the interior of the brick body is supported by the framework and the particles with various sizes to form a relatively fixed three-dimensional space structure, and when the moisture is separated from the brick body, the internal filling materials shrink to be matched with each other to form a continuous water permeable pore channel; in combination with the specific performance data, it can be seen that when KH560 is used in excess of 7%, the water permeability and flexural strength of the water permeable brick are not improved accordingly. The calcining temperature used in the invention is relatively low, the initial structure of the rice hulls is relatively completely kept, and the formation of the water permeable channel in the water permeable brick is facilitated, and the embodiment 3 is mainly different from the comparative example only in that the calcined rice hulls which are used as frameworks are not used in the comparative example, so that the water permeability coefficient and the structural strength of the obtained water permeable brick are obviously reduced.
The pretreated rice hulls are matched with silica sand, carpolite, dodecanoic acid isopropanol amide, nekal and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to be effectively matched, so that a supporting structure of a water permeable brick framework is ensured, carbon and silicon dioxide in the rice hulls are effectively provided, and the water permeable brick with good water permeability and structural strength is prepared; the preparation process disclosed by the invention is simple, the rice hulls serving as the framework are matched, the use of raw materials such as cement and silica sand is reduced, and the production cost is reduced; the water permeable brick can be applied to street surfaces, squares, districts, parking lots, green roads and the like.
Claims (10)
1. The silica sand permeable brick is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
crushing rice hulls according to the mass parts, mixing the crushed rice hulls with cement, and calcining at 200-350 ℃ in an inert atmosphere;
adding silica sand, dodecanoic acid isopropanol amide, nekal and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into the calcined rice hulls and cement, adding a proper amount of water, stirring and pressing to obtain the target water permeable brick.
2. The silica sand water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein:
the composite material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
3. the silica sand water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein:
the fabric also comprises 5 to 15 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
4. The silica sand water permeable brick of claim 1, wherein: the particle size distribution range of the silica sand is 20 meshes to 140 meshes.
5. A method for preparing the water permeable brick according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
crushing and pretreating rice hulls according to the mass parts to obtain the rice hulls with porous structures, and cleaning the rice hulls for later use;
step two, calcining the rice hull obtained in the step one in inert gas of the cement in parts by mass for 2 to 5 hours, and cooling to room temperature;
and step three, adding silica sand, lauric acid isopropanol amide, nekal and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent into the mixture obtained in the step two, adding a proper amount of water, stirring and pressing to obtain the target water permeable brick.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the crushed grain size of the rice hulls is 100-300 microns.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the process conditions of rice hull pretreatment in the first step are as follows:
adding the crushed rice hulls into a 0.2-0.5M sodium hydroxide solution to be soaked for 8-12 hours;
cleaning to be neutral;
spraying organosilane.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein: the calcining temperature of the second step is 200-350 ℃.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein: the calcining temperature in the second step is 280 ℃, and the calcining time is 4.5 hours.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein: and step two, adding water into the carbonized rice hulls obtained by calcination, and continuously stirring and expanding.
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| EP0537202A1 (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1993-04-21 | Univ California | Highly durable cement products containing siliceous ashes. |
| KR20100002495A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | 홍계운 | Soil paving material and method for paving using thereof |
| CN105439624A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Sand-base water permeable brick inlayed with nano-silica powder and preparation method of sand-base water permeable brick |
| CN105439632A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Sand-base water permeable brick utilizing sugar filter mud as pore-forming agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105859225A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-17 | 南京信息工程大学 | Highly permeable concrete based on rice husk ash |
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| CN108129084A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 杨杰 | A kind of method that gangue slag compounding Wheat Straw ash prepares high-strength water-permeable brick |
| CN108689650A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-23 | 安庆仁创聚源生态环保科技有限公司 | A kind of novel water permeable brick and its preparation process |
| CN109369104A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-intensitive, high pervious concrete |
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2021
- 2021-04-23 CN CN202110441560.0A patent/CN113121160B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0537202A1 (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1993-04-21 | Univ California | Highly durable cement products containing siliceous ashes. |
| KR20100002495A (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | 홍계운 | Soil paving material and method for paving using thereof |
| CN105439624A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-30 | 合肥李诺新材料贸易有限公司 | Sand-base water permeable brick inlayed with nano-silica powder and preparation method of sand-base water permeable brick |
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| CN107630395A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-26 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of maize straw regenerates the permeable Footpath brick of lightweight aggregate concrete |
| CN108129084A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-08 | 杨杰 | A kind of method that gangue slag compounding Wheat Straw ash prepares high-strength water-permeable brick |
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