CN113119686A - System for realizing cooling medium exchange in range-extended vehicle and control method thereof - Google Patents
System for realizing cooling medium exchange in range-extended vehicle and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113119686A CN113119686A CN202110474451.9A CN202110474451A CN113119686A CN 113119686 A CN113119686 A CN 113119686A CN 202110474451 A CN202110474451 A CN 202110474451A CN 113119686 A CN113119686 A CN 113119686A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/004—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for vehicles having a combustion engine and electric drive means, e.g. hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
Abstract
The invention relates to a system for realizing cooling medium exchange in a range-extended vehicle, which comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve, wherein the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are respectively provided with four interfaces, one of the interfaces is communicated with the other three interfaces, and the other three interfaces are not communicated with each other and are used for fusing pipe networks and media of different cooling systems; the system also comprises a reversing valve which is connected with the water pump and is used for forward and reverse exchange of the flow direction of the medium to form a medium forward and backward channel, and medium exchange between domains is carried out through the water pump and the reversing valve. The invention also relates to a control method for the cooling medium exchange of the extended range vehicle. By adopting the system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the extended-range vehicle and the control method thereof, the heating and heat-preserving capability of the waste heat of the engine on the battery in a severe cold area is improved; the efficiency and the heat energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle heat coordination system are improved; the heat exchange efficiency and the real-time performance of different circulation subsystems are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile heat management systems, in particular to a system for realizing cooling medium exchange in a range-extended vehicle and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, in order to save energy, a new energy automobile develops a plurality of heat management comprehensive technology exploration and application. The common design that pipelines and heat dissipation systems are combined and a heat exchanger is adopted for heat transfer among different pipelines aims at integrating heat dissipation or heating requirements among different systems or components and reducing energy waste. However, the problems currently exist: 1. the heat coordination system is not efficient due to the limitation of the number of pipe network components, the heat load and the change of different components; 2. the pipeline system combination requires that the combination system has matched temperature control range limitation; 3. the grid-connected scale is limited and is caused by grid-connected complexity, pipeline system arrangement, structure, resistance, liquid flow power and the like; 4. part of the heat management systems must have a complete heat management function and cannot merge pipe network components; 5. the heat exchanger adopted for heat exchange among different heat circulation systems has low efficiency and poor real-time performance; 6. the thermal management capabilities of the individual temperature control systems cannot be fully exploited, with the potential for wasted capacity and inefficient operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a system for realizing cooling medium exchange in a range-extended vehicle and a control method thereof, wherein the system has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good real-time performance and wide application range.
In order to achieve the above object, a system for achieving exchange of a cooling medium in a range-extended vehicle of the present invention and a control method thereof are as follows:
the system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the extended-range vehicle is mainly characterized by comprising the following components:
the cooling system domain controller is used as an electronic control unit of the cooling medium exchange system and is used for receiving and sending acquisition signals, controlling related information through communication interaction or controlling the work of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump;
the liquid level sensor is connected with the cooling system domain controller and is used for detecting the liquid level change of the expansion water tank;
the temperature sensor is connected with the cooling system domain controller and is used for detecting the temperature of the medium in the medium exchange circulation;
the water pump is connected with the cooling system domain controller and the temperature sensor and is used for providing medium exchange power among different systems;
the system also comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve, wherein the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are respectively provided with four interfaces, one of the interfaces is communicated with the other three interfaces, and the other three interfaces are not communicated with each other and are used for fusing pipe networks and media of different cooling systems;
the system also comprises a reversing valve which is connected with the water pump and is used for forward and reverse exchange of the flow direction of the medium to form a medium forward and backward channel, and medium exchange between domains is carried out through the water pump and the reversing valve.
Preferably, the interfaces of the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the driving motor, the range extender engine small circulation system, the range extender engine large circulation cooling system and the reversing valve, wherein the interface connected with the reversing valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
Preferably, the interfaces of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the warm air system, the power battery cooling system, the range extender engine large circulation cooling system and the reversing valve, wherein the interface connected with the reversing valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
Preferably, the interfaces of the third electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the power battery cooling system, the range extender generator cooling system, the driving motor and the second electromagnetic valve, wherein the interface connected with the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
Preferably, one end of the reversing valve is connected with the water pump, and the other end of the reversing valve is connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve.
Preferably, the system further comprises a driving motor, an expansion water tank, a power battery cooling system, a range extender generator cooling system, a range extender engine large circulation cooling system, a range extender engine small circulation module and a warm air system, wherein the expansion water tank is connected with the driving motor and the liquid level sensor and used for conducting asynchronous forward and reverse equivalent medium intercommunication, namely, a medium exchange mode of inlet and outlet balance is adopted, the power battery cooling system and the range extender generator cooling system are both connected with the expansion water tank, and the range extender engine large circulation cooling system is connected with the range extender engine small circulation module.
Preferably, the system further comprises a range extender controller, a range extender thermal management system, a vehicle control unit and a driving battery thermal management system, wherein the range extender controller, the range extender thermal management system, the vehicle control unit and the driving battery thermal management system are all connected with the cooling system domain controller.
Preferably, the system conducts or shuts off the two different media exchanges in a time-sharing way, and the duration of the on-off time is distributed according to the requirements of the control strategy.
The control method for realizing the exchange of the cooling medium in the extended-range vehicle based on the system is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) analyzing heat flow demand logic;
(2) knowing the performance attribute of the cooling system of the whole vehicle;
(3) establishing a cooling medium exchange system of the range-extended vehicle;
(4) expanding other cooling systems to be connected to the grid through a cooling medium exchange system;
(5) overall planning medium exchange information and making a medium exchange control strategy;
(6) and connecting the two systems of the medium exchange, providing direction selection by medium exchange power, and executing medium exchange according to a strategy.
By adopting the system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle and the control method thereof, the purpose of the range-extended vehicle is achieved by the cooling medium exchange system: the heating and heat preservation capability of the waste heat of the engine to the battery in a severe cold area is improved; the capacity of sharing the cooling heat capacity and the cooling performance of the whole vehicle is realized through medium exchange; the comprehensive grid-connected capacity of the heat management system in the fusion of subsystems with the number of subsystems and temperature difference unmatchable subsystems is increased; the efficiency and the heat energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle heat coordination system are improved; the heat exchange efficiency and the real-time performance of different circulation subsystems are improved; the heat management capability of each subsystem is fully exerted, and the working efficiency of the components is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for achieving exchange of a cooling medium in a range-extended vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a logic representation of energy exchange requirement of a certain extended range type commercial vehicle of the system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the extended range vehicle and the control method thereof.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the topological structure and the principle of the cooling medium exchange system of the range-extended system for realizing the cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle and the control method thereof.
Fig. 4 is a cooling system grid-connection schematic diagram of the system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle and the control method thereof.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly describe the technical contents of the present invention, the following further description is given in conjunction with specific embodiments.
The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the extended-range vehicle comprises the following components:
the cooling system domain controller is used as an electronic control unit of the cooling medium exchange system and is used for receiving and sending acquisition signals, controlling related information through communication interaction or controlling the work of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump;
the liquid level sensor is connected with the cooling system domain controller and is used for detecting the liquid level change of the expansion water tank;
the temperature sensor is connected with the cooling system domain controller and is used for detecting the temperature of the medium in the medium exchange circulation;
the water pump is connected with the cooling system domain controller and the temperature sensor and is used for providing medium exchange power among different systems;
the system also comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve, wherein the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are respectively provided with four interfaces, one of the interfaces is communicated with the other three interfaces, and the other three interfaces are not communicated with each other and are used for fusing pipe networks and media of different cooling systems;
the system also comprises a reversing valve which is connected with the water pump and is used for forward and reverse exchange of the flow direction of the medium to form a medium forward and backward channel, and medium exchange between domains is carried out through the water pump and the reversing valve.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ports of the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the driving motor, the range extender engine small circulation system, the range extender engine large circulation cooling system and the reversing valve, wherein the port connected with the reversing valve is communicated with the other three ports.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ports of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected to the warm air system, the power battery cooling system, the range extender engine large circulation cooling system and the reversing valve, wherein the port connected to the reversing valve is communicated with the other three ports.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interface of the third electromagnetic valve is respectively connected to the power battery cooling system, the range extender generator cooling system, the driving motor and the second electromagnetic valve, wherein the interface connected to the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the reversing valve is connected to the water pump, and the other end of the reversing valve is connected to the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a driving motor, an expansion water tank, a power battery cooling system, a range extender generator cooling system, a range extender engine large circulation cooling system, a range extender engine small circulation module and a warm air system, wherein the expansion water tank is connected to the driving motor and the liquid level sensor for asynchronous forward and reverse equivalent medium intercommunication, that is, a medium exchange mode with balanced inlet and outlet is adopted, the power battery cooling system and the range extender generator cooling system are both connected to the expansion water tank, and the range extender engine large circulation cooling system is connected to the range extender engine small circulation module.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a range extender controller, a range extender thermal management system, a vehicle controller, and a drive battery thermal management system, and the range extender controller, the range extender thermal management system, the vehicle controller, and the drive battery thermal management system are all connected to the cooling system domain controller.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system performs time-division on/off for two different media exchanges, and the allocated on/off duration is according to the requirement of the control strategy.
The control method for realizing the exchange of the cooling medium in the extended-range vehicle based on the system comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing heat flow demand logic;
(2) knowing the performance attribute of the cooling system of the whole vehicle;
(3) establishing a cooling medium exchange system of the range-extended vehicle;
(4) expanding other cooling systems to be connected to the grid through a cooling medium exchange system;
(5) overall planning medium exchange information and making a medium exchange control strategy;
(6) and connecting the two systems of the medium exchange, providing direction selection by medium exchange power, and executing medium exchange according to a strategy.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a range-extended vehicle cooling medium exchange system and a control method thereof, including: the system comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a liquid level sensor, a cooling system domain controller, a temperature sensor, a water pump, a reversing valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve.
The invention creates a medium cooling exchange system which is completely independent of each independent cooling system on a vehicle and is used for free medium exchange control among different cooling systems; heat exchange among different systems is realized in a medium exchange mode; the water pump is independently arranged to provide medium power, so that the liquid flow capacity of other systems is not reduced; by matching the reversing valve with the water pump, the flow direction replacement of media among different systems under the condition that the channel is not changed can be formed; the heat exchange between cooling systems with the same medium but different temperature ranges is realized; the modular multi-mode access to other independent cooling systems does not affect the normal work of other systems, and the systems can be fused with each other and can also work independently; the heat dissipation capacity sharing can be provided, so that the heat coordination of other heat dissipation systems can be facilitated, and the thermal failure condition of other systems can be compensated to a certain extent;
the system has the capacity of providing a certain range of liquid amount compensation sharing among different subsystems, namely when the cooling medium of a certain system is lack of water, the cooling system which does not work temporarily can be dynamically coordinated for borrowing the medium; the system has a self-isolation function, namely when the system is isolated in failure, the failure of other system functions can not be caused.
The self-contained control unit can independently control the heat management coordination work of a plurality of cooling systems, and also can control and cooperate with other heat management related systems of the vehicle to jointly complete the medium exchange work required by comprehensive high-efficiency heat management.
The comprehensive fusion and coordination of the whole vehicle heat management system are realized by pipeline domain control and medium exchange, namely isolating or fusing pipelines of different system domains by utilizing the channel selection and on-off control principle of a multi-channel flow divider valve, and exchanging the medium between domains by a water pump and a reversing valve.
The cooling medium exchange system is characterized in that a cooling system domain controller is used for controlling a medium exchange water pump and a channel control electromagnetic valve to fuse pipe networks and media of different cooling systems, and free fusion of the cooling pipe networks of all subsystems of a vehicle and optimization of the performance of a whole vehicle thermal management system are realized according to control strategies through a temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor, thermal management information from other related systems and the like.
The system pipelines do not need to be fused, only an in-out medium exchange interface is provided, and complex grid-connected design is not needed; sharing cooling capacity; the heat exchange efficiency of the same-medium different-domain system is improved; the temperature mutual-assistance coordination function is more efficient; the cost of the integrated heat dissipation system of the whole vehicle is reduced; each system works independently without mutual interference; the heat of the whole vehicle is dynamically coordinated, so that the heat coordination system of each subsystem is in a state with better working performance and working efficiency; guiding or promoting the optimization and fusion of a subsystem thermal management system, improving the thermal management efficiency and reducing the cost of the thermal management system; the heat capacity of the cooling system of the whole vehicle is increased, and the temperature mutation inhibiting capability is strong; the thermal runaway suppression capability of the subsystem caused by the failure of a certain cooling system component can be improved to a certain extent.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooling medium exchange system for a range-extended vehicle and a control method thereof according to an embodiment of the invention. In the figure, the solid lines are pipeline connections, and the dotted lines are electrical connections;
the first electromagnetic valve is a three-position four-way valve and has a one-to-three mode, and can circulate in two directions. In three positions, ports 1/2/3 may be in communication with ports 4, respectively, and ports 1/2/3 are not in communication with each other. In order to realize the interface function of 1 to 3, the three-position four-way valve can be replaced by 3 common switch valves, and the same function can be realized after the three-position four-way valve is connected in parallel through a 4-way interface;
and the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level change of the expansion water tank. If each cooling subsystem adopts an independent expansion kettle, the liquid level information of each expansion kettle needs to be acquired, a liquid level sensor can be added, and the liquid level information can also be acquired through communication;
the cooling system domain controller is an electronic control unit of the cooling medium exchange system, can receive and send acquisition signals and control related information through communication interaction, can also control the work of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump, and has control strategy processing and execution capacity;
the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the medium in the medium exchange circulation;
the water pump is used for providing medium exchange power among different systems;
the reversing valve is used for forward and reverse exchange of the flow direction of the medium to form a medium passage;
the second electromagnetic valve is a three-position four-way valve and has a one-to-three mode, and can circulate in two directions. In three positions, ports 1/2/3 may be in communication with ports 4, respectively, and ports 1/2/3 are not in communication with each other. In order to realize the interface function of 1 to 3, the three-position four-way valve can be replaced by 3 common switch valves, and the same function can be realized after the three-position four-way valve is connected in parallel through a 4-way interface;
the third electromagnetic valve is a three-position four-way valve and has a pair of three modes, and the three modes can circulate in two directions. In three positions, ports 1/2/3 may be in communication with ports 4, respectively, and ports 1/2/3 are not in communication with each other. In order to realize the 1-to-3 interface function, the three-position four-way valve can be replaced by 3 common switching valves, and the same function can be realized after the three-position four-way valve is connected in parallel through 4-way interfaces.
The working principle of the system is as follows: logic matrix + modular grid connection + internal commutation + stack exchange + shared medium overflow balance + time-sharing control.
Logic matrix: a media exchange object and a thermal demand matrix table;
modularization grid connection: through the valve interface, other heat circulation systems are integrally combined into the whole vehicle heat management system under the condition of not changing the system composition and principle;
internal reversing: when different systems perform medium interaction, the bidirectional asynchronous exchange of cooling media can be realized under the condition that interface logic is unchanged by using a medium exchange water pump and a reversing valve;
stack swapping: for the exchange of cooling media between mutually independent systems, the transfer change of the medium capacities of the two systems can be caused, asynchronous forward and reverse equivalent medium intercommunication is needed, namely, the medium exchange mode of inlet and outlet balance is realized by a cooling medium storage system (expansion water tank);
and (3) sharing medium overflow balance: for a cooling system with a common liquid supplementing water tank or common expansion water tank, liquid amount changes caused by medium exchange are balanced by a medium sharing part;
time-sharing control: medium exchange requirements between more than two systems exist, two different medium exchange sides need to be switched on or off in a time-sharing mode, and the on-off duration is distributed according to the requirements of a control strategy;
the extended range vehicle cooling medium exchange system and the control method thereof of the embodiment of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
Analyzing the conditions of main thermal working components of the extended range vehicle related to a cooling system:
an engine: the temperature is high, heat dissipation is needed, the output power and the heat dissipation power are both high, the temperature range has specific requirements, the capacity of the water tank is high, and the water temperature is high during normal work;
the permanent magnet generator: the water tank is connected with an engine, namely the ambient temperature is slightly high during working, the water temperature is moderate during normal working, the water tank with proper capacity is adopted to inhibit temperature mutation, and the heat dissipation capacity of a cooling system and the water quantity of the system are generally properly increased in consideration of the fact that the water tank is close to the engine;
permanent magnet drive motor: the system is not afraid of low temperature, heat dissipation is needed, the heat dissipation power is small, but the upper thermal limit is small, the heat dissipation is required to be fast, the heat dissipation capacity of the water tank and the system water volume are matched and associated with the driving working condition, the ambient temperature is not high during working, the water temperature is not high during normal working, the average power and the thermal power are not large, the water tank with proper capacity is needed to be adopted to inhibit temperature mutation, but the uncertainty of load and working condition under extreme conditions is considered, and the cooling system and the system water volume with large redundancy are generally used;
a power battery: the temperature is not high, the high temperature upper limit value is lower than that of the motor, the motor belongs to a medium-low temperature type component, is sensitive to temperature change and has strict range requirements, so that the heat exchange speed is required to be high firstly, namely the heating or radiating capacity is strong; secondly, the water temperature is required to be stable, namely the heat capacity of the cooling liquid is required to be large so as to reduce the short-time sudden change of the temperature. When the system works normally, the heat dissipation power is not large, so the system water volume requirement is general, and a proper large quantity is beneficial, particularly for a power type battery, the system heat dissipation capacity and the system water volume requirement are large. Due to the influence of regionality or climaticity, in cold regions, the system is required to have strong heating and heat preservation capabilities; in hot areas, the system is required to have stronger heat dissipation capacity, and even an air-conditioning forced refrigeration system is adopted;
a warm air system: the heating device is used for defrosting or heating, the heating power is not large, the temperature of the radiator has range requirements, and the defrosting and heating effects do not reach the standard if the temperature of the radiator is too low. The effective heat conversion efficiency of the warm air system is not high, and the specific gravity of heat loss is high; the warm air system requires a relatively stable source of heat; the water capacity of the water heating system is not large, and the flow rate requirement can ensure that the temperature difference reaches the standard;
an electric control component: various controllers such as motor controllers, DC-DC, DC-AC, onboard chargers, etc. The components are generally not afraid of low temperature, the heat dissipation is a main problem, the upper limit of heat is small, the heat dissipation is required to be fast, the average heat dissipation power is not large, and a water tank with proper capacity is adopted to inhibit the temperature mutation. The water temperature is not high during normal work, and the water temperature is generally shared with a vehicle motor cooling system.
From the above analysis, it can be concluded that: for a range-extended vehicle system, the requirements of all subsystems on temperature control have the characteristics, and the coordination is difficult. Meanwhile, increasing the energy-saving level of the range-extended vehicle to increase the driving range is also a technical rigid requirement of the current range-extended vehicle, and energy waste needs to be minimized.
The first step is as follows: the heat flow demand logic is analyzed.
The second step is that: and (3) carrying out attribute understanding on the existing finished automobile cooling system:
the heat dissipation water tank of a common commercial vehicle range extending system is of a serial ventilation structure, namely, the heat dissipation water tank of an engine and the heat dissipation water tank of a generator are arranged in an overlapping mode and share a group of fans, and meanwhile, the width and the height of the heat dissipation water tank are limited by definite sizes. In order to meet different heat dissipation requirements of an engine and a generator without increasing the width and the height, two general measures are adopted: one is to increase the thickness of the water tank to increase heat dissipation capacity, but there are usually structural limitations; secondly, the heat dissipation capacity is shared, namely, other radiators bear part of heat dissipation capacity; in order to achieve the above objective, the heat dissipation capability of the generator radiator can be increased properly, which requires an appropriate cooling medium exchange mechanism between two systems with different heat dissipation properties to achieve the sharing of the heat dissipation capability.
The engine cooling system operating temperature range is different from the operating range of the motor/electronic control/battery and is not allowed to be in the same circulating system. If heat exchange is desired, heat exchange without medium exchange is usually carried out by means of special heat exchange devices.
The purpose of cross-systems is generally: 1. the excess heat is led out; 2. excess heat dissipation capacity is borrowed; 3. additional demand for heat borrowing; 4. providing required heat for other systems; 5. and coordinating the high-efficiency work of all the thermal management system components.
The third step: and establishing a range extender cooling medium exchange system which is the most basic cooling medium exchange system of the range extender vehicle.
The fourth step: and expanding other cooling systems to be connected with the grid through a cooling medium exchange system.
The cooling system grid connection method and principle are as follows:
1. two interfaces for carrying out the medium exchange system are respectively positioned at A or B, and control valves can be added to the interfaces according to requirements;
2. system for sharing an expansion tank with existing systems: the exchange of the cooling medium and the liquid level balance of the system are realized by an expansion kettle;
3. system for independent use of expansion kettles: the exchange of the cooling medium and the liquid level balance of the system are realized by a stack principle, namely, the forward and reverse exchange of the tide type medium is carried out by the volume change of the expansion kettle;
4. medium self-exchange: the two interfaces of the system realize the acceleration of local flow velocity, and the system is generally used between an upper water chamber and a lower water chamber of a radiator to improve the flow velocity in the radiator so as to improve the heat radiation capability;
5. the grid-connected branch architecture is realized through various valve assemblies, such as a direct connection switch valve, a two-position two-way switch valve, a three-position four-way switch valve and other switch valves which can realize on-off logic and meet the number of interfaces.
The fifth step: and integrating medium exchange information and making a medium exchange control strategy. The liquid amount change limit allowed by the system; the exchange information about heat, such as temperature difference, required temperature, tolerable temperature curve or boundary, temperature rise direction, current system operating state, current cooling idleness of the system (operating condition and current attribute state of the cooling system), etc., i.e. the opening, operating direction, duration, control strategy, information interaction content, etc. of the medium exchanger need to be defined. Typical items of control information are fluid level, fluid stream temperature, system temperature, other system control requirements obtained through communication means, etc. The control strategy refers to a mode and a method of heat exchange quantity determined by medium exchange, and the generally controlled contents include exchange interface number, exchange direction, exchange time, exchange liquid quantity, system protection and the like.
And a sixth step: and (3) system operation and control: 1. connecting the two systems of the medium exchange; 2. media exchange power provision and direction selection; 3. the media exchange is performed per policy.
An example of a typical application scenario is:
1. in cold areas in winter, the vehicle starts. After the engine is preheated, the opening 4-2 of the first electromagnetic valve, the opening 4-2 of the second electromagnetic valve, the opening 4-1 of the third electromagnetic valve and the opening 4-1 of the reversing valve are communicated, and hot water of the engine can be injected into a power battery circulation pipeline after a water pump is opened. It should be noted that: 1. the time length of each starting is controlled, and the damage to the battery caused by overlarge temperature difference due to the fact that excessive hot water is injected into a battery circulating system is prevented; 2. and monitoring the liquid level sensor, reversing the reversing valve after the upper limit is reached, and simultaneously connecting the 4-3 ports of the first electromagnetic valve to reduce the liquid level of the expansion kettle communicated with the battery circulating system to the lower limit. And repeating the process after completing one cycle until the set temperature coordination target is met. And finally, shutting down all related control components, wherein all isolated subsystems still work independently according to respective thermal management systems.
2. And (4) low-power range-increasing and low-load running, such as low-speed traffic jam progressive running. 4-1 port of the first electromagnetic valve, 4-2 port of the second electromagnetic valve, 4-2 port of the third electromagnetic valve and 4-1 port of the reversing valve are connected, and cooling liquid of the driving motor can be injected into a circulating pipeline of the generator after the water pump is opened. The method can avoid starting the cooling fan of the driving motor, and the cooling fan has higher power, low heat exchange efficiency and high energy consumption when working in a low cooling state, so that the driving cooling system has better energy saving effect, and the efficiency of the generator cooling system can be fully exerted.
3. And keeping warm air after the range extender is stopped. In this state, the engine does not need to be operated continuously at idle speed or at low power, the residual heat of the engine radiator is used for supplying warm air for a long time, and only a medium channel between the engine radiating water tank and the warm air radiator needs to be opened.
4. And in hot weather, the working condition of low-speed and high-power operation is realized. For example, in summer, the range-extended environmental sanitation sweeper needs very large power generation, very small driving power and higher temperature of an engine compartment during low-speed running operation. And (3) control strategy: 4-1 port of the first electromagnetic valve, 4-2 port of the second electromagnetic valve, 4-2 port of the third electromagnetic valve and 4-2 port of the reversing valve are connected, and the cooling liquid of the generator can be injected into the circulating pipeline of the driving motor after the water pump is opened. The cooling system of the driving motor is utilized to share the cooling capacity of the driving motor, and extra cooling service is provided for the generator, so that the feasibility and the safety of high-power operation of the generating system are ensured while the heat dissipation capacity of the generating system is improved.
5. The power battery continues the high power mode for a short time. For example, a vehicle equipped with a power-type battery with a small capacity travels on a slope with a heavy load in an electric-only mode, and at the moment, the battery discharges and heats violently, so that the battery refrigerating unit is not forced to start up for refrigeration and the short-time severe temperature rise of the coolant is inhibited, the generator cooling system and the driving motor cooling system can be communicated to form a large heat capacity system. Under the condition, the battery refrigeration air conditioning unit does not need to be forcibly started, the short-time local quick temperature rise condition can be eliminated through medium communication, the effect is quick, and the energy is saved.
By adopting the system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle and the control method thereof, the purpose of the range-extended vehicle is achieved by the cooling medium exchange system: the heating and heat preservation capability of the waste heat of the engine to the battery in a severe cold area is improved; the capacity of sharing the cooling heat capacity and the cooling performance of the whole vehicle is realized through medium exchange; the comprehensive grid-connected capacity of the heat management system in the fusion of subsystems with the number of subsystems and temperature difference unmatchable subsystems is increased; the efficiency and the heat energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle heat coordination system are improved; the heat exchange efficiency and the real-time performance of different circulation subsystems are improved; the heat management capability of each subsystem is fully exerted, and the working efficiency of the components is improved.
In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (9)
1. A system for effecting exchange of cooling medium in a range extended vehicle, said system comprising:
the cooling system domain controller is used as an electronic control unit of the cooling medium exchange system and is used for receiving and sending acquisition signals, controlling related information through communication interaction or controlling the work of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump;
the liquid level sensor is connected with the cooling system domain controller and is used for detecting the liquid level change of the expansion water tank;
the temperature sensor is connected with the cooling system domain controller and is used for detecting the temperature of the medium in the medium exchange circulation;
the water pump is connected with the cooling system domain controller and the temperature sensor and is used for providing medium exchange power among different systems;
the system also comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and a third electromagnetic valve, wherein the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are respectively provided with four interfaces, one of the interfaces is communicated with the other three interfaces, and the other three interfaces are not communicated with each other and are used for fusing pipe networks and media of different cooling systems;
the system also comprises a reversing valve which is connected with the water pump and is used for forward and reverse exchange of the flow direction of the medium to form a medium forward and backward channel, and medium exchange between domains is carried out through the water pump and the reversing valve.
2. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interfaces of the first electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the driving motor, the range-extended engine small circulation system, the range-extended engine large circulation cooling system and the reversing valve, and the interface connected with the reversing valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
3. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interfaces of the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with a warm air system, a power battery cooling system, a range extender engine large-circulation cooling system and a reversing valve, and the interface connected with the reversing valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
4. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interfaces of the third electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the power battery cooling system, the range extender generator cooling system, the driving motor and the second electromagnetic valve, and the interface connected with the second electromagnetic valve is communicated with the other three interfaces.
5. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the reversing valve is connected with the water pump, and the other end of the reversing valve is connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve.
6. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a driving motor, an expansion water tank, a power battery cooling system, a range-extended generator cooling system, a range-extended engine large-circulation cooling system, a range-extended engine small-circulation module and a warm air system, the expansion water tank is connected with the driving motor and the liquid level sensor and used for carrying out asynchronous forward and reverse equivalent medium intercommunication, namely, a medium exchange mode of inlet and outlet balance is adopted, the power battery cooling system and the range-extended generator cooling system are both connected with the expansion water tank, and the range-extended engine large-circulation cooling system is connected with the range-extended engine small-circulation module.
7. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a range-extended controller, a range-extended device thermal management system, a vehicle controller and a driving battery thermal management system, and the range-extended controller, the range-extended device thermal management system, the vehicle controller and the driving battery thermal management system are all connected with the cooling system domain controller.
8. The system for realizing cooling medium exchange in the range-extended vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the system conducts or shuts off two different medium exchanges in a time-sharing mode, and the on-off duration is distributed according to the control strategy requirement.
9. A control method for achieving exchange of cooling medium in a range-extended vehicle based on the system of claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) analyzing heat flow demand logic;
(2) knowing the performance attribute of the cooling system of the whole vehicle;
(3) establishing a cooling medium exchange system of the range-extended vehicle;
(4) expanding other cooling systems to be connected to the grid through a cooling medium exchange system;
(5) overall planning medium exchange information and making a medium exchange control strategy;
(6) and connecting the two systems of the medium exchange, providing direction selection by medium exchange power, and executing medium exchange according to a strategy.
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| CN113119686B (en) | 2022-07-19 |
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